Abstract: A method and apparatus for enhancing a cognitive ability of a user is disclosed, which may comprise: conducting, via a user interface display of a user computing device, a training session which may comprise: presenting, via the user interface display of the user computing device, a plurality of objects having at least two identifying parameters, at least two of the plurality of objects having the same at least two identifying parameters forming at least one group of objects having the same at least two identifying parameters and at least one of the objects having at least one unique identifying parameter thereby not duplicating the identifying parameters of the at least two objects in the at least one group of objects; and allowing the user, via the user interface display of the user computing device, to select an object as a proposed unique object.

Abstract: A system and method for the automatic, procedural generation of musical content in relation to biometric data. The systems and methods use a user's device, such as a cell phone to capture image data of a body part, and derive a biometric signal from the image data. The biometric signal includes biometric parameters, which are used by a music generation engine to generate music. The music generation can also be based on user-specific data and quality data related to the biometric detection process.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods, systems, and instruments for the determination by a physician or medical professional whether a subject is experiencing or has recently experienced an overt HE episode and for grading overt HE episodes as well as methods, systems, instruments and tools for screening for overt HE episodes by a non-medical professional such as a caregiver. Also provided are methods of treating HE episodes and methods of monitoring HE episode treatment that incorporate these methods, systems, instruments, and tools.

Abstract: A learning estimation method comprises tagging an identification tag on a learning object, recording a learning result corresponding to the learning object when a learner utilizes the learning object to process a learning operation, and obtaining an analytical result for the learner according to the learning result and a learning principle, wherein the identification tag is utilized to recognize characteristics of the learning object.

Abstract: An apparatus for training learning disabled subjects, such as autistic children, induces sound waves into a body of a user through two paths, one heard by the ears through air and the other through a liquid or solid in contact with tissues, such as skin and skeleton on the back of a user, below the collar and centered across the vertical axis of the spine. Two transducers produce waves in the audible sound spectrum, repeat persistently, and provide a tone about a location on which the subject may focus attention. A controller and actuator adhered to the skin by an adhesive gel pad against the back of a wearer. The sound, repeating (after a selected delay), decaying, and seeming to originate above and behind the head of a wearer is a waveform becomes a focus; effective to orient a subject, who lacks natural, self-orientation.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for analyzing the behavior of a subject comprising the steps of: making one or more measurements or observations of the subject; coding the measurements or observations into a plurality of channels; and analyzing the channels using artificial intelligence, in order to output information relating to the psychology of the subject.

Abstract: The present invention relates to healthy lifestyle management. In particular to a device for priming a person (10), comprising a detector (2) for detecting when the person (10) expresses or should express a predetermined behavior, a stimulus unit (4) for providing the person (10) with a sensory stimulus (14, 16, 21), and a control unit (3) for controlling said stimulus unit (4) to provide the person (10) with a sensory stimulus (14, 16, 21) when it has been detected that the person expresses a predetermined behavior and to provide the same person (10) with the same sensory stimulus (14, 16, 21) when it has been detected that the person (10) expresses or should express said predetermined behavior. A further aspect of the invention relates to a method for priming a person and a computer program for carrying out said method.

Abstract: A method of promoting fluid intelligence abilities in a subject includes: selecting one or more serial order of symbols sequences from a predefined library of complete symbols sequences and providing the subject with one or more incomplete serial orders of symbols sequences; prompting the subject to manipulate symbols within the incomplete serial orders of symbols sequences or to discriminate differences or sameness between two or more of the incomplete serial orders of symbols sequences; determining whether the subject correctly manipulated the symbols or correctly discriminated differences or sameness between the two or more incomplete serial orders of symbols sequences; if the subject correctly manipulated the symbols or correctly discriminated differences or sameness between the two or more of the incomplete serial orders of symbols sequences, then displaying the correct manipulations or discriminated selection with at least one different spatial or time perceptual related attribute, to highlight the corr

Abstract: Various systems and methods for using a user's mood and context to advise a user are described herein. Data may be received at a mobile device, the mobile device associated with the user. A mood of the user is determined based on the data. An event involving the user is identified and advice is provided to the user regarding the event, the advice based on the received data, the mood, and the event.

Abstract: A model of patient/client/individual communication, health information and health behavior counseling can include a specific twelve step, twenty dimensions construct as part of a verbal and non-verbal communication skills set and interview process. The model of the present invention can be delivered to the user via a computer platform, thus saving the user from attending a formal, time-specific classroom setting. The computer platform can be, for example, an online platform. The online platform can include printable course materials, recorded classroom presentations, webinars, and the like. An exemplary embodiment provides a method of communication by health care professionals with patients that may be based in neurological, psychological and biochemically predictive responses to behavior change prompts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to healthy lifestyle management. In particular to a device for supporting a behavior change of a person (11), comprising a presentation unit (4) for presenting the person with a first stimulus (5) associated with a predetermined behavior and a second stimulus (6) having positive or negative affect, an obtainment unit (2) for obtaining a characteristic feature of a first stimulus and for obtaining a characteristic feature of a second stimulus, and a selection unit (3) for selecting the first stimulus and the second stimulus to be presented based on a common feature of said first stimulus and said second stimulus. A further aspect of the invention relates to a method for supporting a behavior change of a person and a computer program for carrying out said method.

Abstract: A method and system are presented to address quantitative assessment of social cues sensitivity of a subject, where the method comprises the steps of: (1) presenting at least one scene, comprising a single facial expressions and a background, to a subject on a display; (2) adjusting the facial expression on the scene; (3) receiving feedback from the subject via at least one input device; (4) quantitatively refining the received feedback; (5) modulating the adjusted facial expression relative to the accuracy of the quantitatively refined feedback; (6) transforming the modulated facial expression; (7) calculating a critical threshold parameter; and (8) recording a critical threshold parameter onto a tangible computer readable medium.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to evidenced-based neuro-cognitive testing methodologies and systems. The present disclosure provides for a protocol and testing service. The protocol and testing service provides empirical data support for the interventions of the treating physician or clinician. The evidenced-based neuro-cognitive testing methodology and system disclosed comprises a protocol for the use of a triggering questionnaire. Further, the evidenced-based neuro-cognitive testing methodology and system provides normed screenings to guide and support the interventions provided by the treating physicians or clinicians. The protocol provides for intervention support, interpretations, and empirical data that enhance best practices.

Abstract: A method of facilitating a completion of a wellness task is disclosed. A goal pertaining to a health of a user is determined. Information is identified that is to be collected to determine a progress of the user toward accomplishing the goal. A level of specificity at which to prompt the user to provide a portion of the information is selected. The user is prompted to provide the portion of the information at the level of specificity. A progress of the user toward accomplishing the goal is determined based on the portion of the information.

Abstract: A wearable signal acquisition and computerized display device including at least one first sensor configured to measure at least one of the following attributes from a subject wearing the device: attention, focus, concentration, alertness, and mood. The device has a heads-up display or goggles, glasses, or another head piece having lenses. The measurement is derived from the subject's brainwaves by use of one or more algorithms. The subject wearing the device receives neurofeedback data based on this measurement through the projected image to train them how to control attention, mood, etc. and improve understanding as to how various external stimuli in the real world or virtual world impact these attributes. In one variation the sensors measure brainwave signals at two positions of the subject and use the difference in these measurements to derive an attention indicator signal used to provide neurofeedback.

Abstract: A method and system are presented to address quantitative assessment of social interactions nulling testing of a subject, where the method comprises the steps of: (1) presenting at least one scene to the subject on a display, the scene comprising a plurality of body images and a background; (2) receiving feedback from the subject via at least one input device; (3) quantitatively refining the received feedback; (4) modulating the adjusted body image relative to the accuracy of the received feedback; (5) calculating a critical threshold parameter for the subject; (6) recording a critical threshold parameter onto a tangible computer readable medium.

Abstract: A hydration level measurement system and method comprising a technology embedded scale that rewards individuals for drinking an appropriate amount of liquid throughout the day. In an example embodiment, a reusable water bottle is equipped with an RFID tag and assigned to an individual so that the user's hydration level may be tracked. The RFID tag logs the individual's access as well as “before-filling” and “after-filling” weights of the bottle when placed on the scale. A computer screen acknowledges the bottle's owner, and then indicates the increased weight and how many points will be awarded to the user using an ounces-to-points conversion. Data may be transferred from the scale computer to a web server and aggregated at the server from multiple scales for multiple “hydration challenges.” A web application receives and processes user requests to display data related to each hydration challenge such as the current scores of the participants.

Abstract: A method and system are presented to address quantitative assessment of verbal memory of a subject, where the method comprises the steps of: (1) presenting at least one scene to the subject on a display, the scene comprising a plurality of symbols and a background; (2) moving the plurality of symbols relative to the scene, the movement being tracked by the subject via at least one input device; (3) adjusting the saliency of the plurality of symbols relative to the tracked movement; (4) increasing the number of said plurality of symbols; (5) receiving feedback from the subject via said input device; (6) quantitatively refining the received feedback; (7) modulating the movement of the plurality of symbols relative to the accuracy of the quantitatively refined feedback; (8) calculating a critical threshold parameter; and (9) recording a critical threshold parameter onto a tangible computer readable medium.

Abstract: A method and system are presented to address quantitative assessment of word identification latency of a subject, where the method comprises the steps of: (1) presenting at least one scene, comprising a plurality of letters and a background, to a subject on a display; (2) moving the plurality of letters relative to the scene; (3) receiving feedback from the subject via the input device; (4) quantitatively refining the received feedback; (5) modulating the movement of plurality of letters relative to accuracy of the quantitatively refined feedback; ((6) calculating a critical threshold parameter; and (7) recording a critical threshold parameter onto a tangible computer readable medium.

Abstract: A method and system is presented to address quantitative assessment of functional impairment in a subject, comprising: presenting a plurality of tests to a subject on a display, the tests comprising a series of scenes, the scene comprising at least one stimulus, wherein the scene may be associated with visual, auditory, and tactile stimulus arrays; modulating at least one spatial characteristic of at least one stimulus; receiving feedback from the subject via at least one input device; quantitatively refining the scene relative to the received feedback; calculating the relationship between at least one of the scene, the stimulus, and the quantitatively refined scene; adjusting the scene relative to the calculated relationship; determining equilibrated scene parameter of the subject; recording the equilibrated scene parameter onto a tangible computer readable medium; generating at least one diagnosis to the functional impairment associated with the equilibrated scene parameter; recommending treatment to the su

Abstract: A method and system are presented to address quantitative assessment of word recognition sensitivity of a subject, where the method comprises the steps of: (1) presenting at least one scene to a subject on a display, the scene comprising a plurality of letters and a background; (2) distorting the scene; (3) moving plurality of letters relative to the scene, the movement being tracked by the subject via at least one input device; (4) receiving feedback from the subject via the input device; (5) quantitatively refining the received feedback; (6) modulating the movement of plurality of letters relative to accuracy of the received feedback; (7) calculating a critical threshold parameter; and (8) recording a critical threshold parameter onto a tangible computer readable medium.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are presented to address quantitative assessment of visual form discrimination in a subject, where the method comprises the steps of: (1) presenting at least one scene to a subject on a display, said scene comprising a plurality of elements and a background; (2) distorting at least one geometric characteristic of at least one; (3) modulating the contrast level of the predetermined section of the scene; (4) moving the predetermined section relative to the scene, the movement being tracked by said subject via at least one input device; (5) receiving feedback from the subject via the input device; (6) quantitatively refining the received feedback relative to the scene; (7) adjusting at least one distorted geometric characteristic relative to the accuracy of the quantitatively refined feedback; (8) calculating the critical threshold parameter for the subject; and (9) recording the critical threshold parameter onto a tangible computer readable medium.

Abstract: A method and system are presented to address quantitative assessment of spatial sequence memory in a subject, where the method comprises the steps of: (1) presenting at least one scene to the subject on a display, the scene comprising a plurality of elements and a background; (2) modulating the saliency of a predetermined section of said scene (3) receiving feedback from the subject via at least one input device; (4) modifying the saliency of the predetermined section; (5) adjusting a functional assessment parameter relative to the scene; (6) moving the predetermined section relative to the scene; (7) receiving refined feedback from the subject via the input device; (8) quantitatively refining the refined feedback; (9) calculating a critical threshold parameter for the subject; and (10) recording the critical threshold parameter onto a tangible computer readable medium.

Abstract: A method and system are presented to address quantitative assessment of facial emotion nulling of a subject, where the method comprises the steps of: (1) presenting at least one scene, comprising a single facial expressions and a background, to a subject on a display; (2) adjusting the facial expression on the scene; (3) receiving feedback from the subject via at least one input device; (4) quantitatively refining the received feedback; (5) modulating the adjusted facial expression relative to the accuracy of the quantitatively refined feedback; (6) transforming the modulated facial expression; (7) calculating a critical threshold parameter; and (8) recording a critical threshold parameter onto a tangible computer readable medium.

Abstract: Using NMR/MS based metabonomics and targeted lipidomics approaches the inventors have explored the metabolic phenotypes of aging and longevity in a cohort compromising centenarians, elderly and young adults. The inventors have identified biomarkers for a reduced risk of developing ageing related chronic inflammatory disorders and propose an in vitro method of diagnosing a lifestyle that allows delaying and/or avoiding ageing related chronic inflammatory disorders using phenylacetylglutamine (PAG) as biomarker.

Abstract: Using NMR/MS based metabonomics and targeted lipidomics approaches the inventors have explored the metabolic phenotypes of aging and longevity in a cohort compromising centenarians, elderly and young adults. The inventors have identified biomarkers for a reduced risk of developing ageing related chronic inflammatory disorders and propose a method of diagnosing a lifestyle that allows delaying and/or avoiding ageing related chronic inflammatory disorders using PC—O 40:1 as biomarker.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention describe mechanisms configured to monitor, track, and manage symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). According to particular embodiments, a system includes an interface configured to present a memory test to a user and an interface configured to receive a response to the memory test. The system includes a processor that is configured to determine whether the user experienced a memory lapse based on the response to the memory test. The system further includes a computer memory configured to store data related to the memory lapse and memory ratings over time. Memory ratings and Alzheimer's disease progression ratings can be displayed using the system.

Abstract: A method and system are presented to address quantitative assessment of letter identification latency of a subject, where the method comprises the steps of: (1) presenting at least one scene to a subject on a display, the scene comprising a plurality of letters and a background; (2) moving the plurality of letters relative to the scene, the movement being tracked by the subject via at least one input device; (3) receiving feedback from the subject via the input device; (4) quantitatively refining the received feedback; (5) modulating the movement of plurality of letters relative to accuracy of the received feedback; (6) calculating a critical threshold parameter; and (7) recording a critical threshold parameter onto a tangible computer readable medium.

Abstract: Systems and methods for treatment for addiction to a substance according to a predetermined action plan that includes a message control center for sending information to a messaging-accessible device associated with a user, an analyzer for analyzing an indicia of use of said substance, and a personalized treatment engine to receive an output from the analyzer and to direct the message control center based, at least in part, on the output from the analyzer and the predetermined action plan for the user.

Abstract: A method for treating emotional and behavioural disorder includes using a sensor to obtain data pertaining to physiological responses of a user to an emotionally loaded sentence, to listed emotions, to listed chronological periods in the user's life, and to listed causes that may have led to absorption of an emotion during a period in the user's life. From the physiological response, an emotion having greatest emotional effect on the user, when it was absorbed, and its cause are determined. The user is presented with information associating the emotion, chronological period and cause. A sensor is used to obtain physiological data pertaining to the response of the user to a second instance of exposure to the emotionally loaded sentence. A result of treatment is determined by analysing and comparing the physiological data pertaining to the first and second exposures of the user to the emotionally loaded sentence.

Abstract: The methods, systems, and computer program products described herein enable the amount of information that can be acquired during a defined period of vestibular testing to be significantly increased while also significantly reducing the time required to collect data during such vestibular testing. These objects are achieved by intelligent data collection methods and systems configured to adaptively control a motion platform in a way that increases the amount of information gleaned from each data collection event and to achieve synergies based on the different types of, and the order of data analysis and calibration methods used.

Abstract: Systems, methods and computer readable media for processing user-specified goals can include storing user accounts that are capable of directly linking to another, receiving and storing user-specified goals for each user account and associating proposed accomplishments including a value and unit of measurement, reminders and privacy and security settings. Also included are sending alerts at configurable time periods and providing advertising and rewards in accordance with the user-specified goals. Also included are displaying on a display device the user-specified goal data, progress graphs of user-specified goals for each user account node, and a status of obtaining a reward when a user-specified goal corresponds to one of the goals associated with the rewards.

Abstract: An Electronic Health Care Coach is provided for patients that have trouble taking their medications or remembering to test for such things as blood sugar and the like. The Electronic Health Care Coach provides voice prompts to the patient to determine compliance with dosing of medications or routine testing. The Electronic Health Care Coach takes the form of a stuffed toy such as a teddy bear and utilizes input sensors that are contained by an appendage of the stuffed toy that are sensitive to human touch. Multiple prompts are employed depending on the responses received. Statistics on patient compliance are collected. The stuffed toy and related voice prompts and input sensors provide a friendly and easy to use reminder system for medications and routine testing that creates a positive experience for the patient, thus increasing patient compliance.

Abstract: A method and system for scoring task information. Through the use of an electronic time management device, such as a cell phone or other portable digital computer based device programmed to support this method, a user enters a description of a task and when the task should be completed. This information is then communicated to a scoring system, and the information is scored without human intervention and points are given. Optionally, if the information cannot be automatically scored, it is scored by a person. These points can be banked and then be used toward a socially desirable reward, such as sending text messages or playing music or watching videos. This is particularly effective in teaching time management skills to young students who may have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Abstract: A device, method and system processes data about the user for determining and recommending a health/wellness action to the user. The action determined can be based on: (1) current biometric and/or motion data about the user (from the sensors), and (2) current health/medical information or condition about the user (from the user's personal information, e.g., health library or programmed into the smartphone). Specific information about the user is taken into consideration when recommending user action, such as the user's specific health or medical conditions.

Abstract: Systems and methods for treating patients to improve cognitive or motor abilities are disclosed. One exemplary method comprises receiving a visiting patient at a clinic, administering an augmenting agent to the visiting patient, training the visiting patient to stimulate neuronal activity, and recording augmenting agent administration data and patient training data associated with the visiting patient. The augmenting agent may comprise a phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE 4) inhibitor. The method may further comprise receiving a returning patient at the clinic, administering the augmenting agent to the returning patient, training the returning patient to stimulate neuronal activity, and recording augmenting agent administration data and patient training data associated with the returning patient.

Abstract: An autism diagnosis support method and system, and device capable of providing support to early detection and early definite diagnosis on the basis of objective evaluation, are provided by using a conventionally proposed “eye-gaze detection technique”. The method includes: displaying, on a screen of the display portion, a combination image for sequentially displaying at least two images including a predetermined human image (I) and a predetermined non-human image (II); and evaluating an eye-gaze position of the subject by detecting eye-gaze position information on the subject looking at the combination image in use of the eye-gaze detecting unit, then inputting the eye-gaze position information on the subject in an eye-gaze position information storing portion, and comparing, based on an eye-gaze position evaluation algorithm, the eye-gaze position information on the subject with eye-gaze position information on an individual with autism and/or a typically developing individual.

Abstract: A prophylactic kit apparatus configured to be used with only a single patient includes a plurality of sealed modules and a housing configured to contain those sealed modules such that only one of the plurality of sealed modules can be removed from the housing at a time. This kit may include a physically-discrete informational patient aid disposed within the housing and having information disposed thereon. By one approach these physically-discrete informational patient aids can have a bookmark form factor. So configured, a medical services provider can readily provide the physically-discrete informational patient aid to a patient to thereby facilitate the patient becoming informed regarding the corresponding prophylactic service with little or no burden on the service provider.

Abstract: The invention proposes a method and corresponding apparatuses for handing over a video conversation from a PS domain to a CS domain in a radio network. When signals of a network covered by the packet switch domain where the video conversation currently locates in are not good or become unavailable, as long as source MME and eNodeB detect the presence of video conversation, a procedure of handover to circuit switch domain for video bearer will be initiated, and a handover request will be transmitted to MSC server. After receiving the handover request, a control equipment in the circuit switch domain will request for resources to a target radio network requesting for the allocation of necessary communication link to the video bearer.

Abstract: Techniques for behavior detection in electronic examinations may be realized as a method including: collecting sensor data of an examinee taking an electronic examination, the sensor data including visual image data of the examinee taken over time; automatically detecting from the collected sensor data a pattern of behavior correlated with potential misconduct; and providing an alert to an administrator of the electronic examination based on the detected pattern of behavior. The techniques may further be realized as a system configured to collect visual image data of the examinee and one or more processors configured to carry out the method.

Abstract: Described herein are systems and methods to utilize factual information based on stored analyte or physiological data to allow for positive reinforcement of behaviors that are conducive to managing a chronic disease.

Abstract: An athletic performance monitoring system, for motivating a user to reach a goal level of athletic activity. The system may motivate the user by calculation a deficit between a current total level of activity and the goal level of athletic activity, and suggesting activity types that the user may carry out an order to reach the goal level, wherein the suggested activity types may be based on activities that are geographically close to the user, or sporting equipment worn by, or in possession of, the user.

Abstract: A highly portable desktop arrangement for cognitive testing which eliminates environmental effects is provided by a clam shell enclosure having a face mask on one face and housing a computer screen at an opposing wall, with accurate gaze direction measurement made by determining the position of the pupil if an individual whose face is pressed to the mask for eliminating head movement relative to the computer screen.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides personalized methods for preventing and/or reducing early childhood obesity that are based upon identifying a child's individual risk of obesity and tailoring methods to prevent or reduce obesity. The methods are based on early inception, anticipatory guidance, sequential guidance, and nutritionally and developmentally appropriate dietary and parental feeding behaviors guidance, all specifically targeting factors that have been associated with childhood obesity. The methods use an obesity risk calculator to tailor the methods to address an individual child's risk with regard to specific modifiable factors associated with obesity. The present methods may help instill early healthy eating habits and nutritious food preferences for infants and young children, promote an appropriate early growth trajectory, and a long term weight status that is consistent with public policy recommendations and associated with long term health.

Abstract: Information about a person's circadian rhythm is generated in terms of a difference between a reference and a specific circadian time for a specific wall-clock time or in terms of a difference between a special and a specific wall-clock time for a specific circadian time event.

Abstract: Techniques for providing speech output for speech-enabled applications. A synthesis system receives from a speech-enabled application a text input including a text transcription of a desired speech output. The synthesis system selects one or more audio recordings corresponding to one or more portions of the text input. In one aspect, the synthesis system selects from audio recordings provided by a developer of the speech-enabled application. In another aspect, the synthesis system selects an audio recording of a speaker speaking a plurality of words. The synthesis system forms a speech output including the one or more selected audio recordings and provides the speech output for the speech-enabled application.

Abstract: A method of promoting fluid intelligence abilities in a subject includes the steps of: selecting one or more serial order of symbols sequences from a predefined library of complete symbols sequences and, from this selection, providing the subject with one or more incomplete serial orders of symbols sequences; prompting the subject to manipulate symbols within the one or more incomplete serial orders of symbols sequences or to discriminate differences or sameness between two or more of the incomplete serial orders of symbols sequences; determining whether the subject correctly manipulated the symbols or correctly discriminated differences or sameness between the two or more further selected incomplete serial orders of symbols sequences; if the subject correctly manipulated the symbols or correctly discriminated differences or sameness between the two or more of the incomplete serial orders of symbols sequences, then displaying the correct manipulations or discriminated differences or sameness with at least one

Abstract: A method of training verbal and/or visual information allows a user to train their cognitive processing of verbal or visual information. A plurality of visual stimuli is sequentially displayed on a display device, and the user is tasked with identifying whether a stimuli currently displayed was displayed a specified number of elements in the sequence prior to the current element. Each of the visual stimuli is associated with one of a plurality of categories, and the category or categories to be trained may vary. A stimuli recall event may be triggered which challenges the user to recall their previous correct answers.

Abstract: A method, system and computer program for recommending reestablishment of discontinued productive habits. An example method includes recording behaviors over time in pursuit of an identified goal, measuring progress towards an identified goal over time, identifying one or more periods of time where positive progress toward the identified goal resulted, identifying one or more periods of time where negative progress toward an identified goal resulted, identifying, by an electronic computer processor, differences in the behaviors between the periods of time where the positive progress resulted and the periods of time where the negative progress resulted, and recommending behavior changes based on the identified differences of the behaviors.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of altering dreams, including nightmares, which can be applied to individuals or groups.