Abstract: A sound belt removably mounted on diapers includes a housing with two opposite flat surfaces on which one or more switch actuators are exposed. A removably mounted overlay with pictorial representations that cooperatively coincide with the switches permit a baby to activate them. Prerecorded sounds, including messages, are generated in response to the actuation of the switches and these messages are relevant to the pictorial representations so that the baby user learns what they means and aids him/her in communicating his/her desires and/or needs.

Abstract: A method for behavior modification and memory enhancement utilizing a central processing unit, comprising compiling a symbolic profile of a subject participant, interpreting the subject participant's stored symbolic constructs, instructing the subject participant using virtual reality means, evaluating and recording physiological parameters of the participant and delivering symbolic containers to the participant; and delivering symbolic prescriptions to the subject participant for behavior modification and memory enhancement. The methodology allows for accessing and recognition of stored memory symbolic constructs by isolating symbolic quests embodied within multiple multimedia virtual reality events, and delivering the multimedia virtual reality events to a user by artificial intelligence and multi-media means, applying the symbolic constructs to the user.

Abstract: An electronic sound and music making device includes a memory that stores a plurality of sound segments, such as musical notes, animal noises, etc., a keypad having a series of keys, each of each indicates and is associated with a different one of the stored sound segments, and a set of visual indications, such as light emitting diodes (LEDs), that indicate when different ones of the sound segments are being played. The device repeats a programmable sequence of, for example, four of the stored sound segments to form a song while, simultaneously turning on different ones of the LEDs to indicate the different sound segments being played. The keypad enables a user to specify the identity and the order of the sound segments to be played and allows a user to substitute any of the sound segments stored in the memory with the sound segments being played so as to produce a new or different song.

Abstract: An album (100) for storing a collection of image prints (94). At least one of the image prints comprises an index print (20) that includes a memory unit (30) integral with the print to define an audio print for storing audio data. The album includes a print holder (90) having respective front and back covers and a plurality of pages (92) configured for mounting the collection. An audio unit (40) is mounted to the print holder. The audio unit includes a housing (42) and an image print processor (60), when the audio print is coupled to the audio unit, to communicate with the audio print memory unit and selectively process audio data related to the collection.

Abstract: A karaoke amplifier is constructed for amplifying an audio signal to sound a karaoke performance while processing the audio signal according to a value of a control parameter to acoustically control the karaoke performance. An analog operating member is manually operable to set an initial analog value of the control parameter. An analog/digital converter converts the initial analog value into a corresponding initial digital value. A receiver receives correction data from an external data source. A memory memorizes the received correction data. A calculator arithmetically treats the initial digital value according to the correction data retrieved from the memory to calculate a corrected value of the control parameter. A signal processor processes the audio signal according to the corrected value of the control parameter and amplifies the processed audio signal to sound the karaoke performance which is acoustically modified according to the corrected value of the control parameter.

Abstract: A computer-operated system for assisting aphasics in communication includes user-controlled means for storing data representing the user's vocalizations during a time interval, means for associating the data stored in each of a plurality of such intervals with an icon, means for ordering a plurality of such icons in a group representing a speech message, and means for generating an audio output from the stored data represented by the icons in the group so as to provide a speech message.

Abstract: A character good suitable for entertainment and/or educational purposes is disclosed. The character good includes one or more audio and/or video input generation devices that operate to generate audio and/or video inputs responsive to audio sensed and/or scenes observed in the character good's surrounding, to provide the character good with simulated listening and/or visual ability. The generated audio and/or video input signals are forwarded to an external computer for processing. The character good further includes one or more audio and/or electromechanical devices that operate to manifest audio and/or gesture responses under the control of the external computer, to provide the character good with simulated speech and/or gesture ability. The external computer exercises the control responsive to the generated audio and/or video inputs.

Abstract: A voice book system includes a sound generating device equipped with at least a voice book. The voice book includes a front cover, a back cover and a plurality of page sheets. The voice book further contains an information storing device for storing a plurality of sound messages with respect to the content of each of the page sheets and a book connector for electrically communicating the information storing device with the sound generating device.

Abstract: An educational interaction device is provided with a housing having a handle and a phone handset. A numeric keypad representative of a telephone keypad is situated on the front face of the housing below the liquid crystal display. A plurality of lamps are situated on the front face of the housing for illuminating upon the actuation thereof. A tape player mechanism is situated within the interior space of the housing for playing back a plurality of audio and information signals. The tape player mechanism is connected to the speakers for transmitting the audio signals to the speakers. A speech synthesizer with associated memory means is connected to the speakers for emitting therefrom a plurality of audio signals representative of various instructions. A sound generation device is also connected to the speakers for emitting therefrom a plurality of audio signals representative of various sounds.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing audible sounds in response to visual indicia in the nature of an electronic book. The electronic book is constructed from a plurality of leaves which may be formed from a continuous accordion folded sheet or individual modular folded sheets joined back-to-back to form the pages of the book. During construction, a spacer is internally provided within each leaf to create at least one internal passageway opening at one end of the leaves at a location forming the book's spine. An electronic circuit having pressure sensitive switches and conductive paths is provided on the surface of a dielectric substrate using conductive ink. The switches are arranged on elongated members which are inserted into a respective internal passageway within the leaves of the book. By activation of a switch by pressure applied to visual indicia on the leaves, audible sounds are produced by an on board electronic module.

Abstract: A novel educational audio playback device is disclosed which, in the preferred embodiment, is in the shape of a simulated telephone. On the body of the apparatus are a plurality of buttons, each of the buttons having a hinged cover mounted thereon. These hinged covers have indicia on their front, this indicia, in the preferred embodiment, being letters of an alphabet. Upon the user opening the hinged cover, a simulated sound of a telephone ringing is generated and the associated button is exposed. On each of the buttons is a symbol or picture that is representative of a character, object or thing that is related to the letter of the alphabet on the hinged cover. The letter "H", for example, could contain a picture of a nursery rhyme figure, such as Humpty Dumpty. Upon the user depressing the associated button, an index is generated that tells a circuit or microprocessor where on the internal sound storage portion of the device is to be found the appropriate sound segment.

Abstract: An electronic book comprising a plurality of leaves, each leaf comprising pages of printed material bound at one edge to form a spine, with electrical circuits formed in each leaf. A common electronic circuit such as a speech generator and/or controller cooperates with the electrical circuits on each of the various pages, connected to the electrical circuits in the leaves through conductive paths through the spine of the book. The electrical circuits in the leaves include electrical elements such as switches, and sensory output devices (e.g., thermochromic devices, light emitting diodes, thermo-olfactory devices, electrochromic devices, and the like). The electrical elements are associated with particular portions of the printed material so that the particular portions can be selectively highlighted or emphasized (e.g., designated by actuation of a visual or olfactory device and/or text read).

Abstract: A generally circular flat housing supports a handle, a pivotable lever, and a base portion. At the circular portion of the housing, a ring of character segments each having a visually depicted character thereon are supported. A pointer is rotatably supportable upon the housing and is movable to point to a selected one of the characters. A character image is supported on a circular plate at the center of the housing and includes apparatus for moving face components to simulate the speaking action of the image character. An electronic sound module of conventional design is supported within the interior of the housing and is provided with speech or phrase selections by a rotating multiple segment contact pad set together with a pair of contact brushes. When the pivotally mounted handle is pulled down, a gear drive mechanism is configured for operation and energy is stored in a return spring.

Abstract: A study support system comprises computer means and a text in which the subject for study, a problem and a bar code representing the problem are printed; the computer means including a bar code reader, output means, processing means, and storage means in which the answer to the problem, an explanation thereof, and a similar exercise are stored, whereby, when the bar code is read by the bar code reader, the processing means reads out from the storage means the data such as the answer, explanation and the like relating to the data read by the bar code reader, and the data are output by the output means as sight information displayed on a screen and/or printed on paper and/or as aural information.

Abstract: This invention relates to a device and system for augmenting the learning to read process, the device comprising a surface enabled for aligned placement of written terms arranged for reading in vertically spaced positions and a plurality of voice activating means arranged in registered alignment adjacent the spaced terms comprising the document such that upon actuation thereof, the device sounds out the pronunciation of a term contained in registered alignment at the position adjacent thereto.

Abstract: A computer toy for infants that promotes normal speech development by facilitating the infant's experimentation with babbles and other elementary sounds. Additionally, the toy provides an enriched environment for language learning by prompting the infant with a repertoire of verbal sounds including phonemes, syllables, and simple spoken words. The toy includes a microphone input device for detecting vocalizations by an infant and an audiovisual output device for providing feedback to the infant including the immediate playback of the infant's own vocalizations, and a control means for transforming detected vocalizations into instructions for use by the audiovisual output device.

Abstract: User-actuated systems for retrieving and presenting information on a particular subject and/or information employable in a learn while doing mode on the performance of a specified task. The systems include a laser-readable, encoded, data storage device; a player for retrieving data from the storage device; and a screen on which the retrieved information can be displayed. Onboard controls allow the system user to reach the information of concern, to repeat the presentation of that information, and to otherwise navigate through the available choices in a fashion which best meets his or her needs. An optional remote control allows the system user to accomplish the same functions, while being freed from the location of the system module.

Abstract: An album (50) for photographic prints includes a front cover (52); a back cover (54); a binder member (56) attached between the front and back covers; an elongated, partially cylindrical shell member (78) attached to the binder member, the shell member having opposite ends (80, 82) and opposed longitudinal edges (90, 92), the longitudinal edges being attached to the binder member; and at least one album page (94) movably attached to the shell member, the page having opposed portions (96, 98) which extend around the opposite ends, whereby the page can be moved circumferentially around the shell member from a first position near one of the covers to a second position near another of the covers. The album may include a sensing device (30, 32) to detect movement of the at least one page and a produce a signal; and a system (124-160), responsive to the signal, for playing back sound messages or displaying text messages, or both, associated with photographic prints carried by the at least one page.

Abstract: A voice-over instructional system comprising an instructional recording having a plurality of completed works, each completed work including an example section as an example for the student to follow, and a performance section consisting of a background-only track; and a script including the words and director's notes for each of the plurality of works. The performance section preferably immediately follows the example section for each work. It is also preferable to divide the recording into separate works including a first selection that includes both the example section and the performance section; and a second selection immediately following the first selection having only the performance section for the work. In a second aspect of the invention a voice-over instruction method is provided that utilizes the voice-over instructional system.

Abstract: A self-contained, hand-held, portable code reading and processing system within an elongated tubular housing forms a wand that transduces coded data into selected speech or music. A simple-to-use reading and processing system can be used as part of a learning and activity game. In one form, a scanning guide is hingedly attached to a book. When the guide is folded over a page of the book, a path is created across the coded data to enable children and others to easily scan the coded data with the hand-held wand. A contact switch at or near the scanning end of the system is actuated by the scanning guide to activate the code reading and processing system. An energy-saving power shutdown feature turns off the code reading and processing system when no coded data are scanned in a given time period. The contact switch and the automatic power shutdown system act in concert as a safety system to prevent small children from staring at the light source for prolonged periods of time.

Abstract: An electronic matching game includes a plurality of primary game pieces each representative of a mother farm animal, a plurality of secondary game pieces each representative of a baby farm animal associated with one of mother farm animals, and a plurality of removable cover members for selectively concealing the identity of each of the secondary game pieces. The apparatus further includes a base assembly having a first receptacle adapted to interchangeably receive one of the primary game pieces, and further having a second receptacle adapted to interchangeably receive one of the secondary game pieces. The base assembly includes an electronic sound generation device for producing a plurality of sounds, each sound being associated with a respective one of the primary and secondary game pieces.

Abstract: A talking electronic learning aid is operative for requesting one or more responses from the operator, receiving responses from the operator and then automatically adjusting the level of difficulty of subsequent requests dependent upon the prior responses of the operator. The device consists of an electronic memory for storing a plurality of data sets, a speech synthesizer, a keyboard input device, and a micro-controller for controlling operation of the device. Each of the data sets includes speech data from which requests for operator response are derived, and further includes corresponding control data related to the appropriateness of operator responses to the requests. Each of the data sets preferably reflects a different level of intellectual difficulty.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus of integrating multimedia materials with didactic printed materials present selected relevant multimedia material in response to the sensing of control codes embedded in context sensitive and/or content sensitive didactic printed material. A store of multimedia information is created, and the store is correlated to related context and/or content sensitive didactic printed material. The store is categorized to transmit certain categories of the stored information from the store to a multimedia display in response to the reception of certain input signals obtained from certain codes embedded in the didactic printed material. The printed didactic material controls the display of the multimedia material. Either preexisting didactic printed material or currently created didactic printed material can be efficiently and economically integrated with multimedia materials to display certain selected multimedia materials at sensitive places of the printed materials.

Abstract: An image-audio print has either a single image or a set of images on a first side and an accessible audio data storage means preferably on its backside. The accessible audio data storage means contains an audio data segment associated with the image on single image prints and a set of audio data segments, one for each image on multi-image prints, for example, index prints. A player receives and locates the image-audio print with the accessible audio data storage means accurately positioned in electrical contact with the player apparatus. The player apparatus can play an audio data segment associated with the print from a single image print or by appropriate interaction with the user who selects a audio data segment associated with the selected image on multi-image prints. Preferably, a touchscreen is used to select the image for which the audio is to be played. The player also can record audio into the accessible audio data storage means and copy audio from one print to another.

Abstract: An interactive electronic graphics tablet is provided which utilizes two windows, one large window for the insertion of a standard sheet of paper or other material allowing the user to draw images on the paper and another smaller second window. A cartridge having various icons, such as animal images, is clicked into place in the smaller window. The device is configured such that the paper overlays a touch sensitive pad. The operation of the present invention allows the user to assign any cell of the drawn page corresponding to XY coordinates to particular sounds correlated to the icons in the smaller second window by touching respective locations and icons.

Abstract: A recording transfer method and apparatus. In the method, an index print having an array of imagettes and a plurality of recordings is provided. The recordings are individually associated with respective imagettes. A set of digital image files is provided on a digital memory store. The digital image files each correspond to a respective imagette. The index print and an array of switches are aligned. The array of switches has at least one switch in registry with each imagette. The switches are allocated to an array of triggers. The triggers each have a uniquely associated imagette and have at least one switch in registry with the imagette. The array of triggers has at least one trigger associated with each of imagette. A plurality of switches are actuated to define a series of imagettes associated with respective triggers. Individual recordings are, in response, associated with individual digital image files corresponding to the series of imagettes.

Abstract: An electronic storybook is disclosed that allows a child to not only interact with the storybook by drawing characters that depict or change a scene, but also to allow the child to record his/her verbal comments, interpretations and impressions while the scene is being created so that the full story told by a child may be captured in an audio-visual manner.

Abstract: A recording method and system that provides optional and controllable song lyric acoustical promptings and music for Karaoke participants which is also capable of providing phonetic instruction for formative bilingual skill development. The acoustical prompts are in the form of short spoken phrases, acoustically provided just prior to the time at which the actual vocal should be sung. The method of acoustical prompting employs a listen--sing-along procedure effected via the interaction of the spoken instructor-promptings and the Karaoke participant. The acoustical system includes preparing a multi-track recording in proper time sequence to provide a precedent acoustical prompt. For example, the recording could have stereo music on two tracks, an original vocal on a third track in synchronism with the music, and on a fourth track rapidly spoken prompt messages preceding respective portions (vocal lines) of the original vocal.

Abstract: A series of bilingual educational dolls that aid in teaching children additional languages. Each doll has characteristics and costume depicting a specific recognizable Nation and each Nation is represented by both male and female figures. Provided with each doll is an accessory containing an interactive sound transmitting and recording device. Pre-recorded music with educational song lyrics are synchronized with the recording mechanism and are sung in the American English language then immediately repeated in a second language corresponding to the Nation being depicted by the characteristics and costume of doll.

Abstract: A virtual reality system provides effective exposure treatment for psychiatric patients suffering from a particular anxiety disorder. The system is characterized by a video screen disposed in front of the patient to display an image of a specific graphical environment that is intended to trigger anxiety within the patient as a result of the particular patient phobia. A headset is worn by the patient, and has sensors disposed to detect movement and positioning of the patient's head. A computer program controls the operation of the system, and is designed to control the display of the graphical environment on the video screen, monitor the headset sensors and determine the position of the patient's head, and controllably manipulate the graphical environment displayed on the video screen to reflect the movement and position of the patient's head.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing audible sounds in response to visual indicia in the nature of an electronic book. The electronic book is constructed from a plurality of leaves which may be formed from a continuous accordion folded sheet or individual modular folded sheets joined back-to-back to form the pages of the book. During construction, a spacer is internally provided within each leaf to create at least one internal passageway opening at one end of the leaves at a location forming the book's spine. An electronic circuit having pressure sensitive switches and conductive paths is provided on the surface of a dielectric substrate using conductive ink. The switches are arranged on elongated members which are inserted into a respective internal passageway within the leaves of the book. By activation of a switch by pressure applied to visual indicia on the leaves, audible sounds are produced by an on board electronic module.

Abstract: A method for prompting an operator during assembly of a product includes the initial step of recording a list of tasks for the operator to complete in a sequential order to assemble the product. The operator then plays the recording of each task as a prompt to assemble the product. The operator repeats the playing of each recorded task as necessary during the assembly of the product. The method also includes the operator activating a first switch on a remote module which transmits a signal to a control apparatus, activating the playback of the recorded tasks, which are transmitted to a receiver in the remote module.

Abstract: Apparatus for a wireless computer controlled toy system is disclosed, the apparatus including a computer system operative to transmit a first transmission via a first wireless transmitter and at least one toy including a first wireless receiver, the toy receiving the first transmission via the first wireless receiver and operative to carry out at least one action based on said first transmission. A method for controlling the toy system is also disclosed.

Abstract: An audiovisual simulation system and method facilitates simulated human interaction between a user and a prerecorded human character. It does so by providing dynamic intelligent prompts to guide users unobtrusively during simulated human interactions in order to support a continuous dialogue and sustain a natural conversational rhythm. Various interactive instructional learning tools are available to assist users of the system in maximizing learning opportunities.

Abstract: An album includes a plurality of pages and another portion such as a front and/or back cover, or a binder. A plurality of magnets are positioned at respective relative locations on one of the album portion or the plurality of pages. A plurality of magnetic field sensor means, such as Hall effect sensors, are positioned at respective relative locations on the other of the album portion or the plurality of pages which substantially match the respective locations of the plurality of magnets for sensing the position of each page relative to the other portion.

Abstract: An audiovisual device for displaying a visual image while simultaneously sounding out a corresponding audio message. The device includes base unit and a number of cartridges which fit into the base unit. Each of the cartridges includes a housing featuring a window, a pair of substantially parallel rods which are rotatably mounted within the housing, and a printed substrate, such as paper or plastic, mounted on the rods so that the substrate can be scrolled for the purpose of displaying portions of the substrate through the window in the housing. The base unit includes a driving mechanism for engaging and rotating the rods of the cartridge and a frame locator system for accurately locating a selected portion of the substrate in the window. Finally, the base unit includes a suitable speaker for producing sounds corresponding to the displayed portion of the substrate.

Abstract: A talking electronic learning aid is operative for requesting one or more responses from the operator, receiving responses from the operator, and then automatically adjusting the level of difficulty of subsequent requests dependent upon the prior responses of the operator. The device consists of an electronic memory for storing a plurality of data sets, a speech synthesizer, a keyboard input device, and a micro-controller for controlling operation of the device. Each of the data sets includes speech data from which requests for operator response are derived, and further includes corresponding control data related to the appropriateness of operator responses to the requests. Each of the data sets preferably reflects a different level of intellectual difficulty. In operation, the micro-controller selects a first data set, and further randomly accesses a portion of the speech data of the selected data set from which a random request for an operator response is derived.

Abstract: A toy playback system adapted to access information stored on a printed circuit board, integrated circuit or other storage area, disposed on a toy storage medium designed to simulate a standard information storage medium. The storage medium comprises a plurality of memory locations each of which stores a sequence of analog or digital signals representative of a different block of stored information. Upon insertion into the toy playback system, based upon user input, the integrated circuit comes into selective contact with a contact plate, which activates the contacted memory location or locations to provide the selected information as sound, image, or video via a speaker, display screen, or combination thereof. The playback system may additionally include preloaded storage locations and available storage space for user recording or storing of information.

Abstract: A toy or educational device includes front and back covers, a spine, a plurality of pages, a plurality of pressure sensors mounted in the front and back covers and a sound generator connected to the pressure sensors. The pressure sensors are responsive to the application of pressure to an aligned location of a page overlying the corresponding cover for actuating the sound generator to generate sounds associated with both the location of the sensor which is depressed and the page to which pressure is applied.

Abstract: The instructional method of the present invention demonstrates each portion of a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) to the user, using a multimedia equipped computer, in an interactive manner. The MSDS is displayed on the screen and the user can use the mouse, for example, to click onto various portions of the displayed MSDS. Once the user has clicked onto an MSDS portion, the multimedia computer presents the user with an instructional demonstration, using, for example, spoken word, computer graphics, photographs and video, of the information contained in that portion of the MSDS.

Abstract: Interactive system which includes a computer having a video output display and a pair of audio output channels. A program source such as a CD-ROM contains information which is processed by the computer to provide a visual presentation on the display and audio signals in the audio output channels, and at least one input device is connected to the computer for controlling the manner in which the program information is processed and the audio signals are delivered to the audio output channels. One speaker is connected to the computer for reproducing sounds represented by the audio signals in one of the audio output channel, and the audio signals in the other channel are applied to at least one transducer in an animated doll.In the disclosed embodiments, the transducers in the doll include a speaker for reproducing sounds to be made by the doll and actuators for moving parts of the doll such as the mouth and eyes in accordance with those sounds.

Abstract: An interactive electronic graphics tablet is provided which utilizes two windows, one large window for the insertion of a standard sheet of paper or other material allowing the user to draw images on the paper and another smaller second window. A cartridge having various icons, such as animal images, is clicked into place in the smaller window. The device is configured such that the paper overlays a touch sensitive pad. The operation of the present invention allows the user to assign any cell of the drawn page corresponding to XY coordinates to particular sounds correlated to the icons in the smaller second window by touching respective locations and icons.

Abstract: A compact disk player incorporated television receiver includes a television signal receiver, a compact disk player having a song accompaniment function, a video signal processor for selectively receiving and processing a video signal output by the television signal receiver or a video signal output by the compact disk player and displaying the processed signal on a monitor. The device also contains an audio signal processor and a power source for generating voltage signals to supply power to the television signal receiver, the monitor, and the compact disk player. Also, a television controller is provided for controlling the supply of the voltage signals by the power source depending on whether the device is operating in a television mode or compact disk mode. The device operates in a television mode or a compact disk mode based on control signals input via an instruction input unit. Accordingly, when an audio compact disk is being played by the compact disk player (i.e.

Abstract: A study guide includes a housing with a screen and a removable cartridge. The cartridge provides textual material including a plurality of questions and a set of answers for each question. The textual material is displayed on the screen and the user then selects one of the answers in response to each question. A microprocessor in the housing tabulates the answers and on demand displays a score of the total number of questions and/or the number of correct answers.

Abstract: Methods of disclosing a target pattern for identification. The methods are based on the principle of sequentially and non-lexicographically revealing, constructing and/or resolving a target pattern to players to permit the players to identify the target pattern. One such method includes the steps of masking the target pattern to make it imperceptible to the player, repetitively unmasking portions of the target pattern according predetermined unmasking steps, and continuing to unmask the target pattern until a completion criterion is met. Target patterns may consist of still images, audio segments, or motion video sequences depicting items and environments known to the players in their unmasked formats.

Abstract: An electronic talking picture machine is presented which permits human operators to cause speech or sound accompaniment and branching (or alternate) story lines which affect the outcome of a story. In a preferred embodiment, the speech, sound and branching (or alternate) story line information is enclosed as a bar code printed on a picture story belt. The picture story belt is enclosed in a cartridge which contains a mechanism to "roll" the belt from one spool to another so that a sequence of pictures may be viewed. The bar code contains information as to speech, such as conversation narration, questions and answers and sound (other than speech). The information on the bar coded picture story belt is entered into the electronic talking picture machine by inserting the cartridge into a cartridge holding area containing conventional photo optical sensors which "reads" the code when the belt is moved to expose the next picture in the sequence.

Abstract: An electronic book comprising a plurality of leaves, each leaf comprising pages of printed material bound at one edge to form a spine, with electrical circuits formed in each leaf. A common electronic circuit such as a speech generator and/or controller cooperates with the electrical circuits on each of the various pages, connected to the electrical circuits in the leaves through conductive paths through the spine of the book. The electrical circuits in the leaves include electrical elements such as switches, and sensory output devices (e.g., thermochromic devices, light emitting diodes, thermo-olfactory devices, electrochromic devices, and the like). The electrical elements are associated with particular portions of the printed material so that the particular portions can be selectively highlighted or emphasized (e.g., designated by actuation of a visual or olfactory device and/or text read).

Abstract: A pen-based teaching system recognizes handwritten input. The system comprises a display simulating a sheet of paper, and a stylus simulating a pen. The system uses handwriting recognition to interact with the student, so that the student enters input into the system as though it were a piece of scratch paper.

Abstract: A device for recording individual answers to a set of questions selected from several sets of questions with each set having an identification code. The device includes a selector for entering an identification code to select one of the sets of questions. An indicator serially prompts for an answer to each question within the set. Response buttons are provided for entering an answer to each question. The number of correct and incorrect answers is recorded and can be downloaded into a computer for instant grading and archiving.

Abstract: A document interpreting system comprises a graphics tablet on which a stack of documents, e.g., a book, to be interpreted are stacked, a pointer associated with the graphics tablet and operable through the stack of documents whereby the co-ordinates of an area of the topmost document to which the pointer is directed may be determined, speech storage typically in the form of a compact disc, for storing speech relating to the different areas of the documents being interpreted and speech reproduction meas, typically in the form of a compact disc player for reproducing speech relating to an area of the topmost document to which the pointer is directed.