Abstract: An apparatus, method, and computer program product are provided for the improved and automatic prediction of an elevation of an architectural feature of a structure at a particular geographic location. Some example implementations employ predictive, machine-learning modeling to facilitate the use of LiDAR-derived ground-elevation data, additional location context data, and elevation data from comparator locations to extrapolate and otherwise predict the elevation or other position of a given architectural feature of structure.

Abstract: A system for an electric aircraft simulation network includes a plurality of flight simulators, wherein each flight simulator of the plurality of flight simulators is configured to receive an aircraft command, determine a flight modification as a function of the aircraft command, and generate a simulation datum as a function of the flight modification, and a server communicatively coupled to the plurality of flight simulators, wherein the server is configured to receive the simulation datum as a function of each flight simulator of the plurality of flight simulators, and transmit the simulation datum to a pilot interface.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for receiving and processing weather data and flight plan data is disclosed. A processor is configured to receive flight plan data containing at least a moving path of an aircraft; receive weather data containing at least positional information and weather characteristics; compare the positional information of the weather data with the flight plan data; determine if the weather characteristics impact a predetermined operating condition of the aircraft; compare the impact of the weather characteristics to the operating condition with a predetermined threshold value; and provide an indication signal indicating a section of the moving path of the aircraft where the impact of the weather characteristics to the operating condition exceeds the predetermined threshold value.

Abstract: A method is present for flight crew training. Flight crew interactions are recorded during a lesson to form recorded flight crew interactions. Flight deck displays occurring during the lesson are recorded to form recorded flight deck displays. A flight training video is formed from the recorded flight crew interactions and the recorded flight deck displays.

Abstract: Training method for the simulation of an operation performed by at least one device which is part of a real apparatus, wherein the method comprises providing to display means overlaid images under controlled depth order of a virtual apparatus, and real images of said device, and providing a simulated response to control means, based on data of the position and behavior of said device and on data of the position and behavior of said virtual apparatus.

Abstract: A distributed, networked simulation system has two or more vehicle simulators that resists latency errors when the vehicles are close to each other, and is especially useful for close maneuvering training such as tanker and receiver aircraft refueling exercises or combat exercises where one aircraft closely follows another. One simulator sends the other simulator data defining the relative linear displacements and rotations between their two vehicles. The receiving simulator uses the data to maintain the relative position of the other vehicle in its local scene data based on the defined relative displacement and rotation between the vehicles. An additional simulator may simulate the boom control on the tanker using similar relative position data. The system starts relative displacement data operation when one vehicle approaches another in the virtual world, and returns to normal operation when the vehicles separate.

Abstract: This disclosure describes novel aircraft control systems for propeller-driven training aircraft, and methods for their use. In an aspect of some embodiments, a control system might comprise an integrated power control that takes a single power input from the pilot and translates that input into controls for a throttle, a propeller pitch setting, and a fuel/air mixture. In another aspect of some embodiments, a glass cockpit may be provided, with computer displays emulating the instruments of the aircraft for which the pilot is training. Advantageously, this allows a pilot in training to learn, from the beginning, the power controls and/or instrumentation for the aircraft for which the pilot is training, instead of having to learn one power control and instrumentation system, only to later have to learn another system. In a specific embodiment, the instrumentation displays may be reconfigurable, allowing the displays to emulate those of a variety of jet aircraft.

Abstract: This disclosure describes novel systems, methods and software for providing flight training. In an aspect of some embodiments, flight data is collected during a training flight. That flight data then can be used to provide a review and/or simulation of the training flight. The student may be allowed to participate in the simulation by providing input from a set of controls. In some cases, an instructor (or another) might provide modified flight data, which can be used to modify the simulation. Advantageously, this allows for the analysis and simulation of a variety of hypothetical, “what-if” scenarios.

Abstract: A training system and method for operating aircraft equipped with non-engine drive means during independent ground travel is provided. The system and method of the present invention is designed specifically to train pilots, ground personnel, and air traffic control to move an aircraft safely and efficiently on the ground during taxi and pushback using the aircraft's non-engine drive means to propel the aircraft independently during ground travel. Simulations and procedures for training pilots and ramp personnel in the conduct of pushback operations and forward taxi with an aircraft equipped with non-engine drive means are also provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for training in an aircraft. A display system is associated with an aircraft. A sensor system is associated with the aircraft. A training processor is configured to be connected to the aircraft. The training processor is configured generate constructive data for a number of simulation objects and generate simulation sensor data using the constructive data. The training processor is further configured to present the simulation sensor data with live sensor data generated by the sensor system for an aircraft on a display system in the aircraft.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for training in an aircraft. An apparatus comprises an aircraft, a display system associated with the aircraft, a sensor system associated with the aircraft, and a training processor configured to be connected to the aircraft. The training processor is further configured to receive information about an operator, generate constructive data for simulated objects, generate simulation sensor data using the constructive data, and present the simulation sensor data with live sensor data generated by the sensor system on the display system. The training processor is further configured to identify a performance of the operator based on a policy and modify a simulation based on the performance of the operator.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for providing a local coordinate frame are described. A user may place the tips of all five digits on a multitouch user interface with a natural gesture to provide five touch points. A local coordinate frame may be constructed from the touch points. A local coordinate frame may be computed relative to the entire hand and/or relative to each individual digit. The technique may be agnostic in regard to the orientation of the device and to which hand is used. The user may move or rotate their hand, and the local coordinate frame is adjusted to the new positioning relative to the device. The technique may also infer a relative position of the palm from the digit input points, allowing the display of user interface elements where the elements are visible rather than occluded by the hand.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are disclosed for simulating United States football and other sports that are held on a playing field. The user stands in an area that at least approximates an actual playing field, and an apparatus incorporated into a football helmet or other headgear worn by the user superimposes simulation images onto the field of view of the user, creating an illusion of simulated action taking place on the actual field where the user is standing. This makes the information and skills conveyed by the simulation directly relevant and immediately useful. Preferred embodiments track the location and orientation of the user and thereby allow the user to participate in the simulation. In another aspect, essentially the same apparatus and method are used to simulate driving or flying of vehicles without the need of an expensive mockup of the interior of the vehicle.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and flight simulators are disclosed to present infrared images detectable by night vision devices. A video signal may be received. The video signal may be configured to generate a viewable image substantially within a human visible spectrum. The video signal may include one or more of a red component, a green component, and a blue component. The video signal also may be configured to generate one or more infrared images. The one or more infrared images may be substantially outside the human visible spectrum and may have an infrared component detectable by a night vision device. In response to the video signal, the red and green components may be separately modulated to generate red and green portions of the viewable image. The blue component and the infrared component may be collectively modulated to generate a blue portion of the viewable image and the one or more infrared images.

Abstract: A low-cost training and synthetic visualization system and method directed to improving an individual's airborne performance in general aviation, skydiving, and other aerial applications. The system is comprised of a self-contained mobile sensor and data storage device for recording the travel path, orientation, and forces acting upon an object as it moves through space, a desktop graphics software program for creating a playback of the recorded data on a three-dimensional representation of the environment through which the object moved, a means of linking the sensor and data storage device to the software program for the purpose of exchanging information, and a centralized data storage and retrieval system designed to accept, assimilate and redistribute the recorded data.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aircraft simulating apparatus having an optical projection apparatus with a light beam source (11) and a projection screen (13); and a cabin (20), which includes in its interior a seat (21) and a front window (22) located between the seat and a front part of the cabin. The projection screen is located inside the cabin to be visible from the seat through the front window. The aircraft simulating apparatus is characterized in that the cabin has an outer width (W) seen from the front side in the range from 800 mm to 4000 mm, preferably from 1500 mm to 2500 mm; and the front edge of the seat (21a) is spaced apart from the front centered portion (13a) of the projection screen being most remote of the seat by a distance (D) in the range from 1500 mm to 3000 mm, preferably 1700 mm to 2200 mm.

Abstract: Sensor independent display characterization system spectrally characterizes a display system to measure radiant power emitted by the display system that displays a video image to a trainee pilot during sensor stimulation. A sensor spectral response for each wavelength produced by the stimulated sensor is determined. A stimulated luminance for each color level of the displayed image or for a range of color levels is computed. A color look up table that maps computed stimulated luminance to a set of stimulating color values is generated. When a trainee pilot looks at the displayed image using a sensor having a sensor response that was used in computing the stimulated luminance, the pilot will see an image that was created by simulated spectral rendering. The displayed image is an accurate, display and sensor independent image that the pilot can see during the real flight.

Abstract: A video game controller hub receives a number of control input sets from an equal number of video game controllers, and provides a preferably smaller number of control input sets to a video game console. Each of the control input sets provided to the video game console by the controller hub is used to control a distinct on-screen entity, e.g. vehicle, character, or team. A number of players therefore collectively control a single on-screen entity. The reduction in the number of control input sets is performed according to reduction and combination schemes that are preferably specified by the user to suit a particular video game. The reduction in the number of control input sets increases the number of players that may concurrently participate in a video game without requiring support from the video game console or software, and the collaborative nature of the control of on-screen entities provides for exciting variations in game play.

Abstract: A training arrangement for training flight attitudes of an aircraft capable of vertical takeoff and/or vertical landing includes at least one first support for at least one subject, a ground contact device at least indirectly connected with the first support, a movement device constructed as a robot with serial kinematics and substantially rigidly connected with the first support for moving the first support in at least six three-dimensional degrees of freedom, at least one control device configured for at least indirect interaction of the subject with the movement device, and a movable platform from which the ground contact device can be lifted off or onto which the ground contact device can be set down. The platform can be automatically adjusted in a predetermined fashion.

Abstract: Training method for the simulation of an operation performed by at least one device which is part of a real apparatus, wherein the method comprises providing to display means overlaid images under controlled depth order of a virtual apparatus, and real images of said device, and providing a simulated response to control means, based on data of the position and behavior of said device and on data of the position and behavior of said virtual apparatus.

Abstract: A platform of the type holding a plurality of normally-open electric switches in position for activation of a selected individual switch by application of a force in a direction normal to a surface of the switch by a portion of a human body. An exemplary platform according to the invention forms a dance platform on which a user steps to activate switches in accordance with instructions viewed on a video display device. A joining structure may by used to hold two platforms in a side-by-side competition arrangement. A security vault may be affixed to structure associated with platform to resist theft of a commercially available game controller adapted to operate the video display and to receive switch input from a platform. Certain aspects of the invention include one or more, typically inert, practice platforms structured to represent the user interface surface of an activatable platform. A method for using a system of active and inert platforms is also disclosed.

Abstract: In a method for training a person while operating a vehicle, the vehicle has a control system for receiving vehicle operating commands from the person for controlling the vehicle. A calculation unit is provided for simulating a state of the vehicle and/or the environment to which the vehicle is subjected, the simulated state being a possible real state of the vehicle and/or the environment which is different from the actual state of the vehicle and/or the environment. The vehicle operating commands and the calculation unit are used for calculating vehicle command signals. The vehicle command signals are used for controlling the vehicle so as to cause the vehicle to respond to the vehicle operating commands in a way that corresponds to the state simulated by the calculation unit instead of the actual state of the vehicle and/or the environment.

Abstract: An AutoTrim function automatically adjusts the trim of the elevator of a simulated aircraft to compensate for pitching moments that are not caused by a user affirmatively controlling the elevator. A flight simulator program determines a sum of the pitching moments acting on the simulated aircraft, excluding the user setting of the elevator. The sum of the longitudinal pitching moments is then set equal to zero to solve for a desired position for setting the AutoTrim control. A time lag is applied in setting the AutoTrim control to the desired position, to provide greater realism. Use of the AutoTrim control provides enhanced control authority to the user in controlling the longitudinal pitch of the aircraft. The AutoTrim control functionality is stopped as the angle of attack of the aircraft approaches a stall condition, but resumes when the plane is flying in a substantially safer flight condition.

Abstract: The present invention is a system and method for easily adjusting flight characteristics of a simulated aircraft. The system allows a user to adjust commanded pitch, roll or yaw values or steady state frequency response values that are associated with an atmospheric temperature value, an atmospheric dynamic pressure value, aileron position, rudder position, and elevator position.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for automatically generating a terrain model for display during a simulated flight along a predefined mission route. The apparatus includes a mission profiler that automatically determines the area containing the mission route for which the terrain source data is required and the respective resolution of different regions within the area. The apparatus also includes an apparatus for automatically collecting the terrain source data including a search engine for automatically searching electronic collections of terrain source data to identify terrain source data covering the area containing the mission route. The apparatus also includes an image engine for processing the terrain source data into one or more predefined formats and a terrain engine for automatically compiling the processed data to create a terrain model for display during flight simulation.

Abstract: A spacecraft emulation system that can emulate both the attitude control subsystem and the non-attitude control subsystem is integrated into a single compact unit. The unit includes an emulated spacecraft control processor for processing attitude control information and an emulated central command and telemetry unit for interfacing simulated spacecraft data. The inlet also includes a first simulation engine that is operative to simulate the spacecraft attitude control system and a second simulation engine that is operative to simulate the spacecraft power, thermal, propulsion and payload subsystems. Both the first and second simulation engines are connected to the emulated spacecraft control processor via a respective bus. A host computer provides the command data and receives the telemetry data from the emulated spacecraft control processor.

Abstract: A flight simulator control loading system (10A) comprises a compression assembly (18a), a tension assembly (18b), and a motor (30) which rotates a shaft (78). The compression assembly (18a) and the tension assembly (18b) each include a fixed actuator (50a,50b) fixedly secured to an outer housing (46a,46b), and an adjustable actuator (52a,52b) slidably mounted within a guide housing (48a,48b). Springs (54a,54b,56a,56b) are located between and push against the actuators (50a,50b,52a,52b). As the shaft (78) is rotated in an increase direction, each adjustable actuator (52a,52b) slides toward the respective fixed actuator (50a,50b), compressing the springs (54a,54b,56a,56b) and increasing control load. As the shaft (78) is rotated in a decrease direction, each adjustable actuator (52a,52b) slides away from the respective fixed actuator (50a,50b), relieving compression on the springs (54a,54b,56a,56b) and decreasing control load.

Abstract: A portable flight simulator is installed upon a conventional vehicle trailer for storage and transportation to various sites. The apparatus includes a folding video screen which when erected provides a relatively wide and long field of view for the operator of the simulator, rather than a relatively small and close video monitor display. The screen and video projector are immovably affixed to an operator cab or cockpit when the simulator apparatus is erected for operation, with cockpit movement and attached screen and projector being controlled by the operator in the cockpit. A conventional personal computer and flight simulator program provide the video signal for the projector, which projects the video program onto the screen. The operator reacts to the video program by using a control stick to control the orientation of the video program conventionally. Audio output may also be provided for realistic sound effects, or music for the operator.

Abstract: A method of training an aircraft pilot using a flight simulator having a controller that generates a plurality of simulated fault conditions and a fault analysis guide. The fault analysis guide includes a fault procedures section printed with a plurality of fault procedures each corresponding to a fault condition, and further includes a visual procedure locator section and a nonvisual procedure locator section. The visual procedure locator section includes printed indicator symbols that are arranged in the same general spatial orientation as the arrangement of a plurality of indicators a warning light panel. Each printed indicator symbol is graphically representative of a single indicator and has an associated locator symbol indicating the location of an appropriate fault procedure in the fault procedures section. The nonvisual procedure locator section includes a list of the physical error conditions not associated with the plurality of indicators.

Abstract: A device is disclosed for training pilots by simulating the operation of retractable landing gear in aircraft. The self-contained device can be installed into fixed landing gear aircraft to be used during takeoff and landing. Alternatively, the device can be used during classroom and ground school training. A switch box control panel simulates the landing gear controls and indicators of retractable gear aircraft. A logic circuit and program simulate landing gear operation, in “simulator” mode, and common landing gear errors of retractable gear aircraft in “trainer” mode. In “trainer” mode, the program and circuit also randomly alert the pilot to common landing gear errors and evaluate the pilot's corrective control input, outputting an error indication if the pilot's response is incorrect. The device's capabilities to accept flight control inputs and to emulate characteristics of specific retractable gear aircraft increase the realism of the simulation and training.

Abstract: A test chamber is pivotably suspended in an aircraft, so that the center of gravity of the test chamber always self-actingly orients itself in the direction of the effective residual acceleration. To simulate a selected acceleration greater than 0 g and less than 1 g, the aircraft is flown along a parabolic flight path with a downward vertical acceleration such that the difference between Earth's gravitational acceleration and the aircraft's acceleration corresponds to the selected acceleration to be simulated. To simulate gravitational conditions on Mars, the aircraft is flown with a downward vertical acceleration of about ⅔ g, so that the residual acceleration acting on the test chamber is about ⅓g. The atmospheric conditions, such as the gas composition, pressure and temperature, of Mars can also be established in the test chamber.

Abstract: A cosimulation system formed from a hierarchy of simulation objects. Each simulation object, other than the root object, is coupled to a respective parent simulation object by a respective, individual parent-child binding. Each parent-child binding defines a source in the respective parent simulation object for each input signal associated with the respective child simulation object, and also specifies a destination in the parent simulation object for each output signal generated by the child simulation object. Synchronization of simulation objects is handled on an individual parent-child basis, rather than a global basis. Each of the simulation objects has an interface for communicating with its respective children and parent simulation objects. These interfaces all use the same predefined protocol, and send messages to each other via a common protocol communications medium.

Abstract: According to various exemplary embodiments, a content-providing system for a flight simulator suitably includes a gateway having an interface to a digital network and at least one host computer system executing a server portion of the flight simulator program such that the gateway is operable to receive a request for a connection to the server portion from a user executing a client portion of the flight simulator program over the digital network, and to establish a connection between the client portion and the server portion such that primary processing for the flight simulator takes place at the server portion, and such that interface updates are processed at the client portion.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for scaling a large commercial flight simulator into a more compact flight simulator, without losing the look and feel of a corresponding aircraft in-flight, by modifying movement of the motion platform to conform to the recommendations of one knowledgeable of the actual aircraft.

Abstract: A real-time IMU simulator for an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) of an installed avionics system of a vehicle includes a 6DOF flight simulator; an IMU computer; and a 6DOF(Degree of Freedom) interface. The 6 DOF interface is connected between the 6DOF flight simulator and the IMU computer for transferring flight trajectory data from the 6DOF flight simulator to the IMU computer. The IMU computer is adapted for receiving flight state data and calculating IMU simulation data and outputting the IMU simulation data to an IMU signal generation board. The IMU signal generation board is adapted for receiving the IMU simulation data and generating IMU signals and injecting the IMU signals to the installed avionics system.

Abstract: A device to connect a control panel of an avionics equipment with a training and simulation apparatus to process and display signals that correspond to output signals of the control panel. The device includes means coupled to a keyboard of the control panel for decoding signals from the control panel keyboard and means coupled to the means for decoding the keyboard signals to convert the keyboard signals into computer keyboard signals. The device additionally includes adaptor means to provide the computer keyboard signals to the computer.

Abstract: A virtual reality vehicle simulator has a seat for supporting a person in a sitting position. The person wears goggles that present to the person an image of a virtual vehicle, as well as a virtual image of the person's hand and any objects, such as coffee cups, that the person may grasp in his hand. A position sensing system senses the position of a marker that is attached to a marked portion of the person's hand, e.g., the back of the hand. The person may be tasked to manipulate a virtual object, e.g., a virtual pushbutton, with a contact portion of his hand, e.g., the index finger. To calibrate the distance between the marked and contact portions so that a virtual image of the hand accurately may be displayed, a control surface is positioned adjacent the seat such that the person can manipulate the control surface. Based on the manipulation, the distance between the marked and contact portions is determined, thus calibrating the size of the virtual hand to accurately model the person's actual hand.

Abstract: A high-quality motion simulation based on the sampled simulated motion of a piloted object or vehicle and a system to provide visual information to teach a user how to manipulate the object's controls to achieve the displayed motion. The invented method includes piloting the object, periodically sampling various characteristics of the object while it is in motion, providing the sampled information to a processor, interpolating additional characteristics of the object that represent its motion and position between chronologically adjacent pieces of sampled information, and rendering an apparently smooth presentation of the object's motion. The invented method may also include presenting the control parameters used to produce such motion in order to teach a viewer how to manipulate the controls to achieve the desired motion.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for simulating a desired response in accordance with an external applied force. The apparatus includes a member which is responsive to the applied force, an actuator coupled to the member for exerting a torque on the member, a force sensor for detecting the applied force, and a torque sensor for detecting the torque exerted by the actuator. Signals from the force sensor are used to determine the system response based upon a desired relation. The force sensor signals also are used to determine the actual system response based upon the physical characteristics of the apparatus. The detected torque is compared with the desired and the actual system response, and as a result of the comparison the torque exerted by the actuator onto the member is adjusted accordingly so that the member performs the desired system response. The actuator is preferably an electric motor so that the apparatus can simulate any desired response, notwithstanding the physical characteristics of the system.

Abstract: A virtual reality vehicle simulator has a seat for supporting a person in a sitting position. The person wears goggles that present to the person an image of a virtual vehicle, as well as a virtual image of the person's hand and any objects, such as coffee cups, that the person may grasp in his hand. A position sensing system senses the position of a marker that is attached to a marked portion of the person's hand, e.g., the back of the hand. The person may be tasked to manipulate a virtual object, e.g., a virtual pushbutton, with a contact portion of his hand, e.g., the index finger. To calibrate the distance between the marked and contact portions so that a virtual image of the hand accurately may be displayed, a control surface is positioned adjacent the seat such that the person can manipulate the control surface. Based on the manipulation, the distance between the marked and contact portions is determined, thus calibrating the size of the virtual hand to accurately model the person's actual hand.

Abstract: A motion simulator comprising a base support connected to a motion platform by hinged legs. The motion simulator is provided with an actuator for moving the motion platform relative to the base support. Preferably, each leg is defined by a lower leg portion and an upper leg portion with a separate actuator connecting the leg portions for providing actuating legs that also stabilize movement of the motion platform.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a movement simulator having a support frame and a subframe movable relative to the support frame and connected by a variable element. A simple control assembly is electrically connected to the variable element for controlling its length. The transducer assembly having at least one acceleration transducer attached to the variable element supplies an acceleration signal of a subframe relative to the support frame to the control assembly. The invention includes circuitry to avoid non-defined senarios in determining the acceleration signal.

Abstract: An aircraft test system generates stimuli that emulate the stimuli received by an aircraft when in flight is disclosed. The aircraft test system includes a number of instruments for generating the number of processor-controllable instruments for generating stimuli received by an aircraft when in flight. The system also includes a number of instruments that monitor the response of the various aircraft components to the stimuli to which the aircraft is exposed. A processor in response to the output signal from the aircraft components directs the stimuli generating instruments to produce stimuli that emulate those received by the aircraft as it moves through the air. The system thus generates an initial set of stimuli similar to what an aircraft would be exposed to when in flight; monitors the response of the aircraft to the stimuli to which it is exposed; and, in response generates an updated set of stimuli to the aircraft.

Abstract: A control system and process method for reducing energy consumption of flight simulators includes electronic circuitry to automatically control the starting and stopping of the large motors that drive the hydraulic pumps for the motion system. The electronic circuitry monitors existing signals in the simulator motion and control loading cabinet and determines when the motors need to be started or stopped automatically. The circuitry generates the necessary outputs to start and stop the motors at the user level, and interfaces to the manual (user) motor control switches. The Energy Saving Control System (E.S.C.S.) provides a safe and reliable means of producing substantial electrical energy savings.

Abstract: The invention relates to a movement simulator having a support frame and a subframe movable relative to the support frame and connected by a variable element. A simple control assembly is electrically connected to the variable element for controlling its length. The transducer assembly having at least one acceleration transducer attached to the variable element supplies and an acceleration signal of a subframe relative to the support frame to the control assembly.

Abstract: A recreational vehicle combines a flying vehicle and a motorized surface vehicle, such as a boat, car, or truck or snowmobile. The flying vehicle is tethered to the surface vehicle by four rods, each of which is rotatably connected to the flying vehicle and surface vehicle, so that the angle of attack of the flying vehicle relative to the surface vehicle remains constant or decreases, depending only on altitude. On/off, throttling, and steering of the motorized surface vehicle are controlled by the pilot of the flying vehicle. The flaps of the flying vehicle are automatically lowered for landing to increase drag and lower the stall speed and raised following take-off to reduce drag. Ailerons are automatically controlled to roll the flying vehicle during turns.

Abstract: An apparatus for training aircraft pilots wherein the apparatus includes a boom defined by a central bracket, a large rigid arm and a small rigid arm collectively supported on a vertical mast for pivotal movement about horizontal and vertical axes. The large and small arms extending outwardly from the mast along a common longitudinal axis, the outward end of the small arm being provided with an adjustable balance weight and the outward end of the big arm being provided with a sling for suspending an aircraft at its center of gravity.

Abstract: A system for image generation is provided which includes a device for controlling the sweep voltages of a CRT so that realistic views of the earth can be projected on a curved screen surface from a flat transparency and for generating a haze band between the earth and sky interface of the projected scene. The preferred embodiment is an aircraft flight simulator in which real world scenes are projected and updated in accordance with simulated aircraft maneuvers. Various visual flight cures are or can be presented to an operator during training. These flight cues include a dynamic haze or cloud band along the projection of the earth and sky interface. The system permits image projection with six degrees of freedom (yaw, pitch, roll, altitude, north/south and east/west vector components) over simulated terrain. In the preferred embodiment, the haze or cloud band generation is accomplished so that it is compatible with a single projector technique.

Abstract: A flying craft which is pushed by a surface vehicle which follows the flying craft is disclosed. The craft includes a winged body which is connected by an elongated push pole to a ground engaging propelling vehicle. The control of the winged body is accomplished by changing the vertical position of one end of the elongated push pole relative to the opposite end of the flying craft. The surface vehicle limits the angle which the pole makes relative to the surface to prevent the surface vehicle from overtaking the flying craft.