Abstract: The invention relates to new porcine circovirus strains isolated from pulmonary or ganglionic samples obtained from farms affected by the post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). It relates to purified preparations of these strains, conventional attenuated or inactivated vaccines, recombinant live vaccines, plasmid vaccines and subunit vaccines, as well as reagents and diagnostic methods. It also relates to the DNA fragments which can be used for the production of subunits in an in vitro expression vector or as sequences to be integrated into a virus or plasmid type in vivo expression vector.

Abstract: This invention provides methods of generating cells that stably replicate sub-genomic virus replicons. This invention also provides methods of generating cells that have disabled PKR activity and that stably replicate HCV sub-genomic replicons. The invention also provides methods of using the cells of the invention to screen for compounds that modulate viral RNA replication, including HCV RNA replication.

Abstract: This invention relates to antiviral drug susceptibility and resistance tests to be used in identifying effective drug regimens for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and further relates to the means and methods of monitoring the clinical progression of HIV infection and its response to antiretroviral therapy, particularly nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor therapy using phenotypic susceptibility assays or genotypic assays.

Abstract: The invention relates to nasal or oral administration of a compound containing inactivated influenza virus antigen and aluminum as adjuvant for the prophylaxis of influenza virus infections. Said vaccine is especially suitable for inducing a mucosal IgA immune response and systemic IgG immune response.

Abstract: The invention features a method of inactivating a contaminant, such as a virus, of a biological composition. The method includes the steps of: (a) contacting the biological composition with an inactivating agent including an aziridino moiety or a haloderivative salt thereof, where a portion of the agent reacts with and inactivates the contaminant, and a portion of the agent remains unreacted; (b) contacting the product of step (a) with a composition which includes one quenching moiety under conditions and for a time sufficient to allow the inactivating agent to bond covalently to the quenching moiety; and (c) separating the quenching moiety and the quenched inactivating agent from the biological composition.

Abstract: The invention provides an equine infectious anemia (EIA) vaccine that provides immunity to mammals, especially equines, from infection with equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) and which allows differentiation between vaccinated and non-vaccinated, but exposed, mammals or equines. Preferably said vaccine encompasses at least one mutation in an EIAV which produces a non-functional gene in the vaccine virus that is always expressed in disease-producing wild-type EIA viruses. Additionally, said EIA vaccine virus cannot cause clinical disease in mammals or spread or shed to other mammals including equines.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of producing a vaccine composition against enteric infection caused by enterotoxigenic E. coli bacteria in humans. E. coli strains selected from different known strains each having the ability of expressing a certain type of colonization factor antigens are grown in a liquid culture medium. Finally formalin-killed E. coli strain having substantially preserved antigenic and hemagglutinating properties of said certain type of colonization factor antigens, is mixed with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and/or diluent. Further disclosed is a method of preventing an enteric infection caused by enterotoxigenic E. coli bacteria in humans, whereby a vaccine composition comprising inactivated E. coli strain is administered to a human being for the prevention of said infection.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of inactivating and removing infectious agents from tissues of use in bioprosthetic devices. The methods include the removal and blockage of binding sites on the tissues for the infectious agents. Also provided are methods for blocking a site on an infectious agent that binds to a site on the tissue.

Abstract: A method for the inactivation of viruses, in particular those having no lipid coats, in protein-containing compositions from blood, blood plasma or similar natural sources by treating said source, simultaneously or succesively, with an effective amount of dialkyl or trialkyl phosphates and optionally surfactants at an elevated temperature in the range of from 55° C. to 67° C. for five hours to 30 hours.

Abstract: A method and pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting viral replication in infected cells are described. The pharmaceutical composition includes a DNA fragment which has covalently linked strands. The DNA fragment contains a 6-30 basepair region whose sequence corresponds to that of a regulatory element in a virus. The method includes introducing a fragment into the cell in an amount sufficient to inhibit replication of the virus in the cell.

Abstract: Psoralen compound compositions are synthesized which have substitutions on the 4, 4′, 5′, and 8 positions of the psoralen, which yet permit their binding to nucleic acid of pathogens. Reaction conditions that photoactivate these bound psoralens result in covalent crosslinking to nucleic acid, thereby inactivating the pathogen. Higher psoralen binding levels and lower mutagenicity results in safer, more efficient, and reliable inactivation of pathogens. In addition to the psoralen compositions, the invention contemplates inactivating methods using the new psoralens.

Abstract: Isolated polynucleotide molecules provide RSV genome and antigenomes, including that of human, bovine or murine RSV or RSV-like viruses, and chimera thereof. The recombinant genome or antigenome can be expressed with a nucleocapsid (N) protein, a nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (P), a large (L) polymerase protein, and an RNA polymerase elongation factor to produce isolated infectious RSV particles. The recombinant RSV genome and antigenome can be modified to produce desired phenotypic changes, such as attenuated viruses for vaccine use.

Abstract: A vaccine is disclosed for the prophylaxis against pathogenic development of atherosclerotic plaque in a mammalian subject susceptible thereto which consists essentially of a multiplicity of killed whole-virus strains, selected from the group consisting of: Herpes Simplex Virus 1; Herpes Simplex Virus 2; Herpes Simplex Virus 6; Human Cytomegalovirus; and Epstein-Barr Virus; in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable inert vaccine carrier or diluent.

Abstract: A process for the inactivation and/or elimination of coated and/or noncoated viruses from a plasma protein solution by addition of an ammonium salt at alkaline pHs is described, in which a chromatographically prepurified plasma protein solution is subjected to an incubation at room temperature and at an ammonium salt concentration of 13 to 22% by weight, pasteurized at approximately 60° C. for several hours after separation of the precipitates and removal of the ammonium salt down to a residual content of less than 0.5 mol/l and then processed to give a therapeutically employable plasma protein preparation.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods and apparatus for inactivating viruses associated or potentially associated with blood derived samples. The process and apparatus feature critical, supercritical or near critical fluids.

Abstract: A stabilized, granular, biocontrol agent formulation for agricultural pests relies upon a combination of a water absorbent material, a membrane stabilization agent, and a granulating agent to achieve the desired stability and free-flowing properties. The granular product is easily prepared by simple mixing and can be readily rehydrated into a sprayable composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to an antiviral composition for the treatment of plant viruses comprising an effective amount of Tagetes minuta oil, its active constituents, Z-&bgr;-ocimene and dihydrotagetone, or any mixture thereof. The invention also relates to the use of Tagetes minuta oil, its active constituents Z-&bgr;-ocimene and dihydrotagetone, or any mixture thereof for the treatment of plant viruses.

Abstract: Human papillomavirus virus-like particles (VLPs) are subjected to various maturation conditions, including incubation at higher temperatures, exposure to soluble metals or thios-oxidation. The resultant matured VLPs are more stable, and can be used to make a vaccine formulation with increased shelf life and higher potency.

Abstract: The use of extracts from the plant Hypericum perforatum in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of hepatitis C, chronic hepatitis C and related viruses, said pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one extract of the plant Hypericum perforatum and optionally in addition, one or more pharmaceutically acceptable inactive components, selected from, carriers, coatings, diluents and adjuvants.

Abstract: An antiproliferative, antiinflammatory, antiinfective, immunization agent of a metal ion chelating agent such as picolinic acid or derivatives thereof, and methods of using the same. The agents chelate metals in metal containing protein complexes required for growth, replication or inflammatory response. The preparations can be administered systemically or for topical use. The preparations have antineoplastic, antiviral, antiinflammatory and antiproliferative effects and are used in the treatment of warts, psoriasis, acne, skin cancers, sunburn and other proliferative diseases and in the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases such as genital warts, herpes and AIDS. The agents also can be used to induce autologous immunological response.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for treating pathogens in material are described, including methods of decontaminating human fluids prior to processing in the clinical laboratory and methods for decontaminating blood products prior to in vivo use. The techniques handle large volumes of human serum without impairing the testing results. Novel compounds for photodecontaminating biological material are also contemplated which are compatible with clinical testing, in that they do not interfere with serum analytes.

Abstract: Methods of inactivating contaminants of a biological matrix are disclosed. The methods include the steps of: (a) contacting a biological matrix with an inactivating agent including an aziridino moiety, where a portion of the agent reacts with and inactivates the contaminant, and a portion of the agent remains unreacted; (b) contacting the product of step (a) with a solid support including at least 1 quenching moiety attached to the solid support through covalent bonds, under conditions and for a time sufficient to allow the unreacted agent to bond covalently to the quenching moiety; and (c) separating the solid support and the unreacted agent from the biological matrix, where the unreacted agent is attached to the solid support through covalent bonds.

Abstract: This invention provides a non-naturally occurring targeted lipolytic compound comprising a lipolytic agent linked to a targeting agent. In an embodiment, the lipolytic agent is covalently attached to the targeting agent. In an embodiment, the lipolytic agent is a phospholipase and the targeting agent is a viral receptor. This invention further provides for therapeutic uses of the non-naturally occurring targeted lipolytic compound. In an embodiment, the non-naturally occurring targeted lipolytic compound neutralizes virions of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Abstract: A process and an agent for the sanitization of tissues or cell cultures and also of materials and equipment which can be contaminated with viruses are described. For sanitization, a solution of a substituted phenol or of a substituted phenol ether is employed here which as substituents carries one or two saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals which in each case can have up to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing agents containing virus-inactivated vitamin K-dependent plasma components as well as protein C, protein S, factors II, VII, IX and/or X as well as combinations thereof, such as, for example, PPSB preparations, wherein a source containing these components is subjected to appropriate separation procedures, especially by using membrane-chromatographic methods.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for selectively modifying nucleic acid molecules in biological compositions, including contacting the composition with an inactivating agent having the formula: where each of R1, R2, R3, R4, R6, R7, and R8 is, independently, H or a monovalent hydrocarbon moiety containing between 1 and 4 carbon atoms, inclusive, provided that R1, R2, R3, R4, R6, R7, and R8 cannot all be H; R5 is a divalent hydrocarbon moiety containing between 2 and 4 carbon atoms, inclusive; X is a pharmaceutically acceptable counter-ion; and n is an integer between 2 and 10, inclusive are disclosed.

Abstract: A method of allophycocyanin inhibition of enterovirus and influenza virus reproduction resulting in cytopathic effect, with the ingredients utilized including allophycocyanin, wherein a virus and cell culture is first cultivated in an incubator containing a culture medium solution and following cell preparation, the virus suspension of the preparation is quantitatively determined and an antiviral pharmaceutical inhibition concentration determination procedure is utilized for pharmaceutical neutralization experiments, the results indicating that allophycocyanin possesses enterovirus neutralization capability; furthermore, utilizing ingredients including allophycocyanin as the primary ingredient, virus and cells are first cultivated in an incubator containing a culture medium solution and following a virus plaque inhibition assay, the results indicate that allophycocyanin possesses influenza virus reproduction inhibition capability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a product of blood coagulation factors II, VII, IX and X which is virtually free of virus, the process comprising heating an aqueous liquid containing these factors in the presence of calcium ions and a chelating agent and, optionally, an amino acid, a saccharide or sugar alcohol, antithrombin III and/or heparin. The product can be used for the treatment of blood coagulation disorders.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for reducing the concentration of low molecular weight compounds in a biological composition containing cells while substantially maintaining a desired biological activity of the biological composition. The device comprises highly porous adsorbent particles, and the adsorbent particles are immobilized by an inert matrix. The matrix containing the particles is contained in a housing, and the particles range in diameter from about 100 &mgr;m to about 1500 &mgr;m. The device can be used to adsorb and remove pathogen-inactivating compounds from a biological composition such as a blood product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method by which one can target an undesired target molecule or target antigen, preferably a protein. The method comprises the intracellular expression of an antibody capable of binding to the target. A DNA sequence is delivered to a cell, the DNA sequence contains a sufficient number of nucleotides coding for the portion of an antibody capable of binding to the target operably linked to a promoter that will permit expression of the antibody in the cell(s) of interest. The antibody is then expressed intracellularly and binds to the target, thereby disrupting the target from its normal actions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for treating a viral infection in a subject. The method comprises administering to the subject an amount of 5-aminolevulinic acid to cause virus-infected cells to accumulate protoporphyrin in amounts such that upon application of a sufficient dose of red light, the virus-infected, protoporphyrin-accumulated cells will be destroyed; and applying a sufficient dose of red light to the virus-infected, protoporphyrin-accumulated cells to destroy the virus-infected, protoporphyrin-accumulated cells.

Abstract: Use of a CHV antigen for the preparation of a vaccine against canine herpesvirosis, which is intended to be administered to gestating bitches as close as possible to whelping, preferably during the final third of gestation, and which produces a high level of anti-CHV antibodies in gestating bitches at the time of whelping, inducing protection in the puppies by transfer of antibodies during suckling. Inactivated anti-CHV vaccine or subunit vaccines, which can be used for vaccinating gestating bitches to protect the puppies by transfer of antibodies.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for reducing the concentration of low molecular weight compounds in a biological composition containing cells while substantially maintaining a desired biological activity of the biological composition. The device comprises highly porous adsorbent particles, and the adsorbent particles are immobilized by an inert matrix.

Abstract: The present invention for the first time discloses a health problem in broilers at about 3-5 weeks, resulting in significant production losses, and demonstrates that these production losses can be prevented by a live attenuated CAA vaccine for mucosal administration.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for reducing the concentration of low molecular weight compounds in a biological composition, while substantially maintaining a desired biological activity of the biological composition. The device comprises highly porous adsorbent particles, and the adsorbent particles are immobilized by an inert matrix.

Abstract: A method of disassembly/reassembly of papillomavirus VLPs is provided. The resultant VLPs have enhanced homogeneity, present conformational, neutralizing PV epitopes, and therefore are useful prophylactic and diagnostic agents. Further, these VLPs can be used to encapsulate desired moieties, e.g., therapeutic or diagnostic agents, or “marker” DNAs, and the resultant VLPs used as in vivo delivery vehicles or as pseudovirions for evaluating vaccine efficacy.

Abstract: An inactivated dengue virus vaccine to immunize and protect humans against dengue fever is described. The vaccine is based on dengue viruses which have been propagated to high titers in suitable cells, purified and inactivated under conditions which destroy infectivity but preserve immunogenicity, a high level of which is demonstrated in animal models.

Abstract: A process for separating HIV from a fluid is described, in which the HIV is bound to a C1 esterase inhibitor immobilized on a support material. The process can be carried out both for the preparation of HIV-free blood donations and therapeutically for the reduction of the virus load in the blood by means of a blood lavage under the conditions of an extracorporeal blood circulation. The C1 esterase inhibitor can be bonded to a support material which is customary in affinity chromatography or to the fibers of a filter.

Abstract: The invention includes a vaccine and sera for treatment of Mystery Swine Disease (MSD), a method for producing the vaccine, methods for diagnosis of MSD, a viral agent that will mimic “mystery swine disease” and antibodies to the viral agent useful in diagnosis and treatment of MSD. The serum contains mammalian antibodies which are effective in treating MSD.

Abstract: Psoralen compounds are synthesized which have substitutions on the 4, 4′, 5′, and 8 positions of the psoralen, which permit enhanced binding to nucleic acid of pathogens. Higher psoralen binding levels and lower mutagenicity are described, resulting in safer, more efficient, and reliable inactivation of pathogens in blood products. The invention contemplates inactivation methods using the new psoralens which do not compromise the function of blood products for transfusion. In particular, use of 5′-primary aminoalkyl psoralens to inactivate pathogens in platelets is disclosed.

Abstract: A culturing system and method particularly useful for producing cellular products such as viral pathogens of cells. It includes a mass transfer culture segment, stacked filter plates to adjust the medium composition, and a product removal and concentration segment. The mass transfer culture segment utilizes changed directional flow of the medium to maximize cell growth and production of product. The stacked filter plates allow addition of sterile fresh medium and removal of growth inhibitory substances.

Abstract: Psoralen compounds are synthesized which have substitutions on the 4, 4′, 5′, and 8 positions of the psoralen, which permit enhanced binding to nucleic acid of pathogens. Higher psoralen binding levels and lower mutagenicity are described, resulting in safer, more efficient, and reliable inactivation of pathogens in blood products. The invention contemplates inactivation methods using the new psoralens which do not compromise the function of blood products for transfusion.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel dipyrano-quinolinone class of compounds having the general formula: Wherein R is hydrogen, alkyl optionally substituted about C-1 to C-10 alkenyl optionally substituted about C-1 to C-10 with one or more double bounds, alkynyl optionally substituted about C-1 to C-10 with one or more triple bonds, aryl, hetero aryl, carbocyclic aryl, alkyl aryl, alcyclic compounds, C-1 to C-6 alkyl with terminal dialkyl amino group, thio alkyl, hydroxyl alkyl groups; R1 is H, lower dialkyl amino alkyls such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, and other alkyl groups or b-amino acid moieties, hydroxy alkyl groups having optionally substituted about C-1 to C-10 carbons, acid amides such as aliphatic acids, aromatic acids, sulphonic acids trihalo acids.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for treating pathogens in material are described, including methods of decontaminating human fluids prior to processing in the clinical laboratory and methods for decontaminating blood products prior to in vivo use. The techniques handle large volumes of human serum without impairing the testing results. Novel compounds for photodecontaminating biological material are also contemplated which are compatible with clinical testing, in that they do not interfere with serum analytes.

Abstract: In summary of this disclosure, the present invention provides hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and Fusion (F) glycoproteins isolated and purified from parainfluenza viruses types 1, 2 and 3, methods of producing the same, and uses thereof in immunogenic compositions and diagnostic embodiments. In particular, a trivalent vaccine containing HN and F glycoproteins from PIV-1, PIV-2 and PIV-3 generated an immune response capable of neutralizing each of the virus types. Modifications are possible within the scope of the invention.

Abstract: A process for producing an intravenously-administrable gamma globulin solution substantially free of contaminating viruses by heat treating for viral inactivation and fractionating an impure gamma globulin solution and then treating the purified gamma globulin with a solvent-detergent for further viral inactivation. In a continuous process disclosed herein, partially purified gamma globulin solids is not recovered as an intermediate product during the disclosed process. In the continuous process, the fractionation to obtain a purified gamma globulin solution is carried out without precipitation of the desired gamma globulin.

Abstract: A human lymphoma cell line containing a human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) capable of in vitro growth and which produces HHV-8 virus particles upon induction of lytic viral growth is provided. Virus produced by the cell line of the invention is useful for the production of antibodies to an HHV-8 virus particle, viral protein, or viral peptide. Methods of screening a biological sample for the presence of HHV-8 virus particles, viral protein, or viral peptide from a human suspected of being infected with HHV-8 are provided as are methods of screening a biological sample of the human for antibodies to HHV-8.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for the isolation and purification of high-titer recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) compositions. Also disclosed are methods for reducing or eliminating the concentration of helper adenovirus in rAAV samples. Methods are disclosed that provide highly-purified rAAV stocks having titers up to about 10.sup.13 particles/ml at particle-to-infectivity ratios of less than 100 in processes that are accomplished about 24 hours or less.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for treating pathogens in material are described, including methods of decontaminating human fluids prior to processing in the clinical laboratory and methods for decontaminating blood products prior to in vivo use. The techniques handle large volumes of human serum without impairing the testing results. Novel compounds for photodecontaminating biological material are also contemplated which are compatible with clinical testing, in that they do not interfere with serum analytes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of inactivating lipid-enveloped viruses by means of a non-ionic detergent, and the preparation of a vaccine containing the inactivated virus. The invention further relates to an inactivated virus which is characterized by its structural integrity, in particular the structural integrity of its enveloping proteins, as well as to the use of the inactivated virus for preparing a vaccine.