Chemical Stimulation Of Growth Or Activity By Addition Of Chemical Compound Which Is Not An Essential Growth Factor; Stimulation Of Growth By Removal Of A Chemical Compound Patents (Class 435/244)
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Patent number: 4929542Abstract: An in vitro screening test for identifying mutagenic and genotoxic agents during spermatogenesis, comprising: (1) Culturing Xenopus testis explants in vitro in the presence of one or more suspected mutagenic and/or genotoxic agent(s); (2) Removing said one or more suspected agent(s) and continue culturing said Xenopus testis explants such that spermatogonia in said Xenopus testis explants undergo spermatogenesis; (3) Isolating sperm and/or one or more types of spermatogenic cells at various times during step (2); and (4) Determining the mutagenic and/or genotoxic affect of said agent(s). A novel medium suitable for culturing Xenopus testis explants. A novel method for culturing Xenopus testis explants in vitro such that cells at all stages of the spermatogenic cycle are produced comprising culturing Xenopus tests fragments in the novel medium under an atmosphere of air and at a temperature in a range of from about 20.degree. C. to about 24.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: October 30, 1987Date of Patent: May 29, 1990Assignee: Cornell Research Foundation, Inc.Inventor: Michael S. Risley
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Patent number: 4927762Abstract: Cells grown in chemically defined (serum free) media are protected against endogenous oxidizing agents by a nontoxic antioxidant with free thiol groups, at cell densities less than about 10.sup.5 cells/ml, especially DL-penicillamine, N-acetylcysteine, mercaptoproprionic acid, 2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid, and thiolactate. These agensts are useful in the maintenance and growth of hybridomas in such media.Type: GrantFiled: November 30, 1988Date of Patent: May 22, 1990Assignee: Cell Enterprises, Inc.Inventor: Frederick J. Darfler
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Patent number: 4927754Abstract: The object of this invention is to provide a method for selectively increasing the ratio of the single T-A2 major components in the T-A2 complex. More particularly, the object of this invention is a process for obtaining teicoplanin A.sub.2 selectively enriched in any of its major components, T-A2-1, T-A2-2, T-A2-3, T-A2-4 and T-A2-5 which consists in adding to the culture medium of Actinoplanes teichomyceticus nov. sp. ATCC 31121 or a mutant thereof which produces T-A2 complex through the same metabolic pathway, a selectively effective amount of an appropriate precursor.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 1986Date of Patent: May 22, 1990Assignee: Gruppo Lepetit S.p.A.Inventors: Francesco Assi, Giancarlo Lancini, Anacleto Gianantonio
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Patent number: 4906573Abstract: Beer spoilage microorganisms are detected with a culture medium that is advantageous for detecting Lactobacillus spp., Pediococcus spp. and wild yeast, and which allows detection to be carried out in four days. The medium contains tomato juice, peptones, cysteine hydrochloride, sorbitan nonooleate, mono and disaccharides, yeast extract, beef extract, potassium acetate, malic acid, mono and dibasic potassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, maganese sulfate, sodium chloride, ferrous sulfate, beer, water and agar.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 1987Date of Patent: March 6, 1990Assignee: Miller Brewing CompanyInventors: Michael C. Barney, Edward J. Kot, Etzer Chicoye
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Patent number: 4902673Abstract: A bidifobacteria growth promoter contained in soybeans is extracted from defatted soybeans with an aqueous solution of alcohol.Type: GrantFiled: November 9, 1988Date of Patent: February 20, 1990Assignee: The Calpis Food Industry Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kunihiko Hayakawa, Teruhisa Masai, Yasuyuki Yoshida, Takanobu Shibuta, Hiroshi Miyazaki
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Patent number: 4898827Abstract: A relatively solid, stable biomass reaction product is provided produced from microorganisms having metal uptake properties when contacted by an aqueous solution containing metal cations. The biomass reaction product is produced by treating cells thereof with a caustic solution, whereby the biomass reaction product after drying is characterized in the particulate state of having substantially enhanced uptake of metal cations from aqueous solutions as compared to the metal uptake property of the microorganism before treatment. The biomass reaction product in the particulate state is preferably immobilized in an insoluble binder.Type: GrantFiled: July 3, 1986Date of Patent: February 6, 1990Assignee: Advanced Mineral Technologies, Inc.Inventors: James A. Brierley, Corale L. Brierley, Raymond F. Decker, George M. Goyak
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Patent number: 4897350Abstract: Mutant microorganisms comprising Lactobacillus fermentum Lex.sup.+ which are obtained from Lactobacillus fermentum produce lysine in a significantly greater quantity than the wildtype microorganism. The microorganism is added to a sourdough starter to produce bread of increased nutritive content, such as flat bread. Freeze-dried cultures of the microorganism may be added to cereal grains such as wheat in bulk to increase the basic nutritive protein quality of the wheat, whereby foodstuffs produced from the cereal grains have increased protein values. Cultures of the microorganisms in admixture with yeast may be used as a bread starter.Type: GrantFiled: January 30, 1986Date of Patent: January 30, 1990Assignee: Research and Development Institute, Inc. at Montana State Univeristy of Bozeman MontanaInventors: Mohamed E. A. El-Megeed, David C. Sands
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Patent number: 4894334Abstract: A method for improving the yield of heterologous protein such as ricin A toxin, produced by recombinant bacteria by supplementing the nutrient medium in which the bacteria are grown with an ethanol and/or amino acid mixture during the terminal phase of the cultivation. Also disclosed is a method for improving the yield of heterologous proteins under the control of the PL promoter.Type: GrantFiled: April 6, 1987Date of Patent: January 16, 1990Assignee: Cetus CorporationInventors: Arie Ben-Bassat, Glenn Dorin, Keith Bauer
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Patent number: 4891310Abstract: A method of controlling culture wherein cells are aerobically cultured to produce metabolite is characterized by adding substrate and/or inducer to the culture broth, judging the endpoint of the growth of the cells and/or the production of the metabolite or terminating the culture under the guidance of a change in the ratio of the first parameter based on the amount of carbon dioxide evolved by the cell culture to the second parameter based on the amount of oxygen consumed by the cell culture. The ratio is a respiratory quotient, for instance.Type: GrantFiled: March 25, 1986Date of Patent: January 2, 1990Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.Inventors: Norio Shimizu, Shinichi Fukuzono, Nobuko Nishimura, Yoji Odawara, Tomoaki Sumitani
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Patent number: 4889808Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of enhancing the production of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and single chain urokinase plasminogen activator (SCU-PA) by normal human lung diploid fibroblast cells in a serum-free medium. The method comprises the addition of heparin (or low molecular weight heparin) and an endothelial cell growth factor to the culture medium.Type: GrantFiled: September 17, 1986Date of Patent: December 26, 1989Assignee: American Home ProductsInventor: Ruth Rappaport
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Patent number: 4889810Abstract: Mutant microorganisms comprising Lactobacillus ferementum Lex.sup.+ which are obtained from Lactobacillus fermentum produce lysine in a significantly greater quantity than the wildtype microorganism. The microorganism is added to a sourdough starter to produce bread of increased nutritive content, such as flat bread. Freeze-dried cultures of the microorganism may be added to cereal grains such as wheat in bulk to increase the basic nutritive protein quality of the wheat, whereby foodstuffs produced from the cereal grains have increased protein values.Type: GrantFiled: February 13, 1985Date of Patent: December 26, 1989Assignee: Research and Development Institute, Inc. at Montana State UniversityInventors: Mohamed E. A. El-Megeed, David C. Sands
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Patent number: 4888292Abstract: The present invention relates to the deodorization of foul-smelling substances by the use of a single strain or a few strains of autotrophic bacteria.Type: GrantFiled: June 13, 1984Date of Patent: December 19, 1989Assignee: SeikenkaiInventor: Kosei Hata
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Patent number: 4879238Abstract: The present invention relates to the deodorization of foul-smelling substances by the use of a single strain or a few strains of autotropic bacteria.Type: GrantFiled: April 30, 1984Date of Patent: November 7, 1989Assignee: SeikenkaiInventor: Kosei Hata
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Patent number: 4877739Abstract: This invention relates to a group of autogenic antiammonia azotobacter represented by 851 yellow. It can utilize low price starch medium. This culture fluid of azotobacter can be used for manufacturing single cell proteins rich in Se, Zn, V.sub.E, V.sub.B, V.sub.K, anticancer and antiaging tonic medicines. It also can be used for manufacturing bacteria manure, eel and animal forage, additive, antiseptic and binder.Type: GrantFiled: September 30, 1988Date of Patent: October 31, 1989Inventor: Zhen H. Yang
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Patent number: 4863688Abstract: A method of selectively destroying organisms within a predetermined area is comprised of the steps of introducing vapor phase hydrogen peroxide into the predetermined area at a rate sufficient to cause a predetermined concentration of hydrogen peroxide to be reached while preventing any substantial change in pressure or condensation of the hydrogen peroxide within the predetermined area. The predetermined concentration is maintained for a period of time sufficient for destroying undesirable organisms but insufficient for harming desirable organisms. When the predetermined period of time has elapsed, the vapor phase hydrogen peroxide is removed from the area.Type: GrantFiled: December 31, 1986Date of Patent: September 5, 1989Assignee: American Sterilizer CompanyInventors: William C. Schmidt, James R. Rickloff
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Patent number: 4861589Abstract: The present invention provides a lymphocyte-mediated immunotherapy for the treatment of human or animal subjects afflicted with abnormal or tumor cells which express a MHC Class II antigen on their surface. The method utilizes inducer T-cell clones or lines having a demonstrable specificity for an identifiable antigen. These T-cells are activated in-vivo to express cytolytic and therapeutic activity against the abnormal or tumor cells in the subject.Type: GrantFiled: March 23, 1987Date of Patent: August 29, 1989Assignee: Trustees of Boston UniversityInventor: Shyr-Te Ju
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Patent number: 4859594Abstract: This invention relates to novel microorganisms separated from natural environments and purified and genetically modified, process for immobilizing these microorganisms by affixing then to substrates, the biocatalytic compositions formed by these microorganisms affixed to substrates, and the use of the biocatalytic compositions for the detoxification of toxin-polluted streams. The microorganisms are (1) Pseudomonas fluorescens (ATCC SD 904); (2) Pseudomonas fluorescens (ATCC SD 903); (3) Pseudomonas cepacia (ATCC SD 905); (4) Methylobacter rhodinum (ATCC 113-X); and (5) Methylobacter species (ATCC 16 138-X).Type: GrantFiled: October 14, 1986Date of Patent: August 22, 1989Assignee: Louisana State University Board of Supervisors, Louisana State UniversityInventor: Ralph J. Portier
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Patent number: 4851347Abstract: The use of a high solids content medium for preparing cheese starter cultures is effective in conditioning the bacteria to enhance their ability to produce cheese from a high solids base. The ingredients of the medium include carbohydrates which are not fermentable by the bacteria, as well as milk protein sources and conventional nutrients. The medium prior to addition of the bacterial starter cultures has a minimum total solids content of about 30%.Type: GrantFiled: May 20, 1987Date of Patent: July 25, 1989Assignee: Nordica International, Inc.Inventors: Douglas L. Willrett, Michael Comotto
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Patent number: 4849358Abstract: There is disclosed a method for culturing Bordetella pertussis in the prece of a cellulose and/or cellulose derivatives. The present method is useful for obtaining a mixed antigen comprising pertussis toxin and filamentous hemagglutinin in a large amount at low cost. From the antigen, there can be obtained a stable and effective pertussis toxoid to be used for a pertussis vaccine. There is also disclosed a vaccine comprising the pertussis toxoid as an active ingredient and a gelatin and/or gelatin derivatives as a stabilizing agent. The present vaccine is extremely stable and can be stored for a prolonged period of time.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 1987Date of Patent: July 18, 1989Assignee: The Research Foundation for Microbial Diseases of Osaka UniversityInventors: Masashi Chazono, Iwao Yoshida, Takeo Konobe, Juichiro Osame, Keisuke Takaku
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Patent number: 4840902Abstract: A continuous process for the production of ethanol by fermentation of an organism of the genus Zymomonas is provided. The method is carried out by cultivating the organism under substantially steady state, anaerobic conditions and under conditions in which ethanol production is substantially uncoupled from cell growth. By controlling pH in the fermentation medium between a pH of about 3.8 and a pH less than 4.5, it is possible to optimize kinetic parameters, such as q.sub.s (g substrate/g biomass-hr.sup.-1) and q.sub.p (g ethanol/g biomass-hr.sup.-1) without adversely affecting ethanol concentration in the fermentation medium.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 1987Date of Patent: June 20, 1989Assignee: George Weston LimitedInventor: Hugh G. Lawford
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Patent number: 4840802Abstract: A process for enhancing yeast growth during the fermentation of beer which comprises adding to the wort ashed trub. The ashed trub is obtained by heating whole trub until all organic combustibles have been removed or destroyed. The ashed trub contains valuable trace elements, including zinc.Type: GrantFiled: November 6, 1985Date of Patent: June 20, 1989Assignee: Miller Brewing CompanyInventors: Chris E. Lindberg, Edward J. Kot, Etzer Chicoye
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Patent number: 4837155Abstract: A method of producing Trichoderma conidia in submerged culture comprises first preparing an inoculant of a desired strain of Trichoderma. Then, the inoculum is placed in a sufficient volume of a suitable liquid medium. The medium is maintained under substantially constant illumination, agitation and aeration at a temperature from about 25.degree. C. to about 30.degree. C., and a pH from about 5.8 to about 7.0. The culture is grown from a sufficient period of time until the density of conidia is about 5.0.times.10.sup.8 per ml, and then the conidia so produced are harvested. A similar method is provided for the production of Trichoderma chlamydospores.Type: GrantFiled: May 22, 1987Date of Patent: June 6, 1989Assignee: Bio-Technology General Corp.Inventor: Mordechai Tabachnik
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Patent number: 4816399Abstract: A continuous process for the production of ethanol by fermentation with strains of Zymomonas is provided. Metabolic processes are limited by the nutrients nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus. When growth is limited by one of these nutrients, the biomass expresses its maximum value for both q.sub.s and q.sub.p at any given value of D and S.sub.r. The process is conducted at a lower biomass concentration and a higher specific rate of ethanol formation than a similar process conducted with a nutrient medium that is not limited in nitrogen, potassium or phosphorus. A method of improving performance of Zymomonas in continuous ethanol fermentation at increased temperatures is also provided.Type: GrantFiled: April 12, 1985Date of Patent: March 28, 1989Assignee: George Weston LimitedInventor: Hugh G. Lawford
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Patent number: 4812410Abstract: A continuous process for the production of ethanol by fermentation with strains of Zymomonas is provided. Metabolic processes are limited by the nutrients nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus. When growth is limited by one of these nutrients, the biomass expresses its maximum value for both q.sub.s and q.sub.p at any given value of D and S.sub.r. The process is conducted at a lower biomass concentration and a higher specific rate of ethanol formation than a similar process conducted with a nutrient medium that is not limited in nitrogen, potassium or phosphorus. A method of improving performance of Zymomonas in continuous ethanol fermentation at increased temperatures is also provided.Type: GrantFiled: May 20, 1985Date of Patent: March 14, 1989Assignee: George Weston LimitedInventor: Hugh G. Lawford
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Patent number: 4808526Abstract: A continuous process for the production of ethanol by fermentation with strains of Zymomonas is provided. Metabolic processes are limited by the nutrients nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus. When growth is limited by one of these nutrients, the biomass expresses its maximum value for both q.sub.s and q.sub.p at any given value of D and S.sub.r. The process is conducted at a lower biomass concentration and a higher specific rate of ethanol formation than a similar process conducted with a nutrient medium that is not limited in nitrogen, potassium or phosphorus. A method of improving performance of Zymomonas in continuous ethanol fermentation at increased temperatures is also provided.Type: GrantFiled: May 20, 1985Date of Patent: February 28, 1989Assignee: George Weston LimitedInventor: Hugh G. Lawford
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Patent number: 4808527Abstract: A continuous process for the production of ethanol by fermentation with strains of Zymomonas is provided. Metabolic processes are limited by the nutrients nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus. When growth is limited by one of these nutrients, the biomass expresses its maximum value for both q.sub.s and q.sub.p at any given value of D and S.sub.r. The process is conducted at a lower biomass concentration and a higher specific rate of ethanol formation than a similar process conducted with a nutrient medium that is not limited in nitrogen, potassium or phosphorus. A method of improving performance of Zymomonas in continuous ethanol fermentation at increased temperatures is also provided.Type: GrantFiled: May 20, 1985Date of Patent: February 28, 1989Assignee: George Weston LimitedInventor: Hugh G. Lawford
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Patent number: 4806479Abstract: Disclosed is a bulk starter medium for the propagation of a mother culture of an acid producing bacteria which medium contains a carbohydrate source, a nitrogen containing growth stimulant, a phage control agent and an essentially insoluble or temporarily insolubilized neutralizing agent to which has been added a foodgrade hydrocolloid stabilizing agent.Type: GrantFiled: May 13, 1985Date of Patent: February 21, 1989Assignee: Miles Inc.Inventors: Mary A. Kegel, Donald L. Wallace
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Patent number: 4791058Abstract: It has now been found that grape pomace can be employed as a substrate for citric acid production using Aspergillus niger as the fermentation agent.Type: GrantFiled: May 10, 1985Date of Patent: December 13, 1988Assignee: Cornell Research Foundation, Inc.Inventor: Yong D. Hang
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Patent number: 4783408Abstract: A very efficient microbiological method is proposed for the preparation of .gamma.-linolenic acid or a lipid rich in the content of .gamma.-linolenic acid, one of the essential fatty acids in the diet of mammals, e.g. human. The method comprises culturing a fungus of Mortierella genus including isabellina, vinacea, ramanniana, ramanniana var. angulispora and nana in a culture medium containing a carbohydrate, e.g. glucose, as the carbon source in an unusually high concentration of 60 to 400 g/liter to grow a fungal body containing a large amount of a lipid rich in the content of .gamma.-linolenic acid. A further improvement in the efficiency of culture and the content of the desired fatty acid in the fungal body is obtained by the addition of acetic acid or an alkali acetate to the culture medium.Type: GrantFiled: November 10, 1986Date of Patent: November 8, 1988Assignee: Director-General of the Agency of Industrial Science & TechnologyInventors: Osamu Suzuki, Toshihiro Yokochi
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Patent number: 4782045Abstract: The present invention provides a method for promoting the proliferation of microorganisms of the genus Bifidibacterium comprising contacting said microorganisms with a growth promoting effective amount of an isomalto-oligosaccharide.Type: GrantFiled: April 21, 1986Date of Patent: November 1, 1988Assignee: Showa Sangyo Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yoshiaki Machida, Fumio Fukui, Takanobu Komoto
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Patent number: 4777135Abstract: A method for producing butanol by fermentation is provided. The method is carried out by culturing a butanol-producing microorganism in a culture medium containing a fluorocarbon selected from the group consisting of monofluorotrichloromethane, monofluorodichloromethane, monochloroheptafluoroethane, dichlorodifluoromethane, dichlorotetrafluoroethane and mixtures thereof in an amount sufficient to increase butanol production, and by separating the butanol from the culture medium.Type: GrantFiled: February 4, 1985Date of Patent: October 11, 1988Assignee: The University of Vermont and State Agricultural CollegeInventors: Gary R. Husted, Joseph D. Santangelo, Dunbar W. Bostwick
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Patent number: 4775626Abstract: A method is disclosed for reducing the oxygen content of a medium in which are present cells, usually anaerobic microorganisms, to extend the time during which the cells remain viable. The method comprises having in fluid contact with the aqueous medium an effective amount of an oxidase and substrate for the oxidase. The oxidase and substrate for the oxidase in an aqueous medium can be in fluid, e.g., air, contact with a separately contained aqueous medium in which the cells are present. Alternatively, the cells can be present in the same aqueous medium as the oxidase and substrate for the oxidase. The aqueous medium containing the oxidase and the substrate for the oxidase can further contain a hydrogen peroxide scavenger in an effective amount.Type: GrantFiled: May 23, 1986Date of Patent: October 4, 1988Assignee: Syntex (U.S.A.) Inc.Inventors: Richard Armenta, Ian Gibbons, Edwin F. Ullman
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Patent number: 4774086Abstract: A method for the purification, solubilization and/or detoxification of protein antigens of bacteria of the Bordetella genus involves the use of a carbonate buffer having a pH of 8.3 to 11.6. An acellular anti-whooping cough vaccine containing active principles in this carbonate buffer is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: April 15, 1987Date of Patent: September 27, 1988Assignee: Institut MerieuxInventors: Marie-Jose B. Quentin-Millet, Francois Arminjon
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Patent number: 4769332Abstract: A growth medium for mycobacteria is provided which has enhanced growth properties. The growth medium contains an effective amount of polyoxyethylene stearate and an albumin.Type: GrantFiled: September 6, 1985Date of Patent: September 6, 1988Assignee: Becton Dickinson and CompanyInventors: Salman H. Siddiqi, Rodney L. Broman
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Patent number: 4762792Abstract: A process is provided for isolating and purifying a cholesterol-rich fraction from mammalian blood plasma or serum. The resulting cholesterol-rich fraction is useful as a growth medium ingredient.Type: GrantFiled: October 28, 1986Date of Patent: August 9, 1988Assignee: Miles Inc.Inventors: Makram M. Girgis, David E. Jackson, Gerald L. Kruse, Frank J. Mannuzza, Joseph G. Montalto
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Patent number: 4758517Abstract: A process is provided for increasing the yield of active cells of Treponema hyodysenteriae by growing such cells in a nutrient medium containing a cholesterol-rich bovine fraction. Killed cells grown in this manner can be used to produce a bacterin which is effective against swine dysentery.Type: GrantFiled: October 28, 1986Date of Patent: July 19, 1988Assignee: Mobay CorporationInventor: Richard E. Parizek
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Patent number: 4755463Abstract: The invention provides a method for enhancing the degradation of the side chain of sterols possessing branched chains at C-24 utilizing microbiological means by including an exogenous source of bicarbonate ion (HCO.sub.3 --) in the medium in which the degradation is being carried out.Type: GrantFiled: February 19, 1986Date of Patent: July 5, 1988Assignee: Wisconsin Alumni Research FoundationInventor: Charles J. Sih
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Patent number: 4752573Abstract: The use of pterins to increase the activity of lymphokines and other cell growth factors, and a diagnostic or theraupeutic preparation that contains pterins combined with lymphokines. Adding pterins to lymphokines can increase the activity of the lymphokines by 3 to 5 times.Type: GrantFiled: April 8, 1986Date of Patent: June 21, 1988Assignees: Biotest-Serum-Institut GmbH, Gesellschaft fur Strahlen-und Umweltforschung mbHInventors: Irmgard Ziegler, Udo Schwulera, Hans Sonneborn
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Patent number: 4748020Abstract: A vaccine for humans or warm-blooded animals for preventing or curing diseases caused by pathogenic germs, for example Staphylococcus or other bacteria, is obtained by growing the respective pathogenic germ in a form that lives on animal protein alien to warm-blooded animals, for example on fish protein, and incorporating this form of pathogenic germ in the vaccine.Type: GrantFiled: August 12, 1985Date of Patent: May 31, 1988Inventor: Egbert F. von Malsen-Ponickau
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Patent number: 4743552Abstract: The invention concerns a method for the routine primary culture of human colonic epithelial cells within a monolayer. 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) enhanced DNA synthesis an average of 8 fold when assayed by [.sup.3 h]dThd labeling indices (L.I.) in colonic epithelial cells from familial polyposis patients and in tubular adenomas. No such stimulation by TPA was seen in cells from high-risk patients without familial polyposis, or in cells from low-risk subjects.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 1984Date of Patent: May 10, 1988Assignee: Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer ResearchInventors: Eileen A. Friedman, Martin Lipkin
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Patent number: 4732855Abstract: An improved process for the production of propionic acid comprises cultivating a propionic acid-producing bacterium anaerobically in a medium which contains a simple carbohydrate, which can be converted by the bacterium to pyruvate, as well as essential minerals, vitamins, and growth factors under an overpressure of hydrogen which is effective to cause a hydrogenase produced by the bacterium to suppress the oxidation of pyruvate to acetate and carbon dioxide and to promote the formation of propionic acid.Type: GrantFiled: April 3, 1984Date of Patent: March 22, 1988Assignee: Wisconsin Alumni Research FoundationInventors: Joseph G. Zeikus, Thomas E. Thompson
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Patent number: 4727031Abstract: The present invention provides a composition of nutrients and a method using such a composition to stimulate the growth of aerobic bacteria, and particularly bacteria capable of biooxidizing contaminants in a subterranean formation.Type: GrantFiled: November 8, 1984Date of Patent: February 23, 1988Assignee: International Technology CorporationInventors: Richard A. Brown, Robert D. Norris
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Patent number: 4717663Abstract: Xanthan gum can be produced by culturing a Xanthan gum producing microorganism of genus Xanthomonas under aerobic conditions in an aqueous culture medium. The medium contains an assimilable carbon source and at least one additive selected from the group consisting of pantothenic acid, thiamine, and derivatives thereof including salts and esters.Type: GrantFiled: October 7, 1985Date of Patent: January 5, 1988Assignee: The Nisshin Oil Mills, Ltd.Inventors: Ryouichi Minoshima, Osamu Yamada
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Patent number: 4713341Abstract: A process for improving culture activity of acid producing bacteria in dairy media and for providing a buffering effect therein by the addition of lecithin to provide improved starter cultures for dairy products. Various media wherein the activity of acid producing bacteria is enhanced in the presence of lecithin are also described.Type: GrantFiled: August 15, 1985Date of Patent: December 15, 1987Inventor: Robert R. Bily
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Patent number: 4692408Abstract: Polysaccharides, such as xanthan gum, are produced by culturing microorganisms, e.g. of the Xanthomonas genus, in a two stage process. In the first stage, growth of the microorganism is favored, e.g. by using a predetermined quantity of a carbon-containing nutrient which does not support biosynthesis of the polysaccharide. In the second stage, the conditions are such that biosynthesis of the polysaccharide takes place with substantially no growth of the microorganism, e.g. by adding carbohydrate in the absence of nutrient required for polysaccharide growth.By this process, the requirement for oxygen is greatly reduced at the time when the culture medium has its highest viscosity, thereby minimizing problems of low oxygen transfer capability in viscous media.Type: GrantFiled: November 29, 1983Date of Patent: September 8, 1987Assignee: Imperial Biotechnology LimitedInventors: Geoffrey T. Banks, Paul D. Browning
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Patent number: 4690903Abstract: An ethanol fermentation process in which an aqueous solution of fermentable sugar is converted by an ethanol-producing microorganism such as a yeast to a dilute aqueous solution of ethanol with the ethanol being present in the solution at a concentration which does not exceed a predetermined maximum level, wherein ethanol present in the solution is selectively sorbed within a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite so that the non-sorbed ethanol present in the solution does not exceed the predetermined maximum level of concentration therein, and thereafter exposing the ethanol-containing zeolite to ethanol conversion conditions to effect conversion of the ethanol to hydrocarbons.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 1986Date of Patent: September 1, 1987Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Nai Y. Chen, Joseph N. Miale
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Patent number: 4690894Abstract: A relatively solid, stable biomass reaction product is provided produced from microorganisms having metal uptake properties when contacted by an aqueous solution containing metal cations. The biomass reaction product is produced by treating cells thereof with a caustic solution, whereby the biomass reaction product after drying is characterized in the particulate state of having substantially enhanced uptake of metal cations from aqueous solutions as compared to the metal uptake property of the microorganism before treatment.Type: GrantFiled: September 20, 1985Date of Patent: September 1, 1987Assignee: Advanced Mineral Technologies, Inc.Inventors: James A. Brierley, Corale L. Brierley, Raymond F. Decker, George M. Goyak
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Patent number: 4687744Abstract: A method is provided for producing oospores of the organism Lagenidium giganteum comprising the steps of incubating zoospores with a medium containing a sterol and particular fatty acids or fatty acid derivatives.Type: GrantFiled: June 19, 1984Date of Patent: August 18, 1987Assignee: The Regents of the University of CaliforniaInventors: James L. Kerwin, Robert K. Washino
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Patent number: 4673505Abstract: The use of an inorganic azide compound as an inhibitor for a wastewater treatment bacterial additive composition. The inorganic azide compounds used in the invention serve to confer a useful life for the bacterial additive composition, yet a relatively short reactivation time which is of great advantage in wastewater treatment systems with short detention times. The inorganic azide compounds employed as an inhibitor in the bacterial composition additives of the invention include alkali metal azides, alkaline earth metal azides, lead azide and hydrazoic acid.Type: GrantFiled: March 4, 1986Date of Patent: June 16, 1987Assignee: Envirodyne, Inc.Inventor: John M. Wong
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Patent number: 4661456Abstract: Cells of Pseudomonas bacteria having a high nitrile hydratase activity can be obtained in a high yield by adding to a culture medium at least one .alpha.-amino acid, except for cysteine or cystine alone and a combination of these .alpha.-amino acids alone, in the preparation of cells of bacteria having nitrile hydratase activity by cultivating under nitrile hydratase-inducing conditions Pseudomonas bacteria capable of producing nitrile hydratase.Type: GrantFiled: January 9, 1984Date of Patent: April 28, 1987Assignees: Nitto Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha, Hideaki YamadaInventors: Hideaki Yamada, Koitchiro Ryuno, Kanehiko Enomoto, Ichiro Watanabe