Abstract: The invention relates to the detection of fusion proteins. Described are a set of at least a first and a second molecular probe, each probe provided with a dye wherein the dyes together allow energy transfer, at least one probe provided with a reactive group allowing juxtaposing at least the first and second probes wherein the reactive group allows modulation of juxtaposing the probes such that there is an increased likelihood of energy transfer between the dyes. A method is provided which permits detecting the presence of a fusion protein in a cell at the single cell level.

Abstract: Provided is a mAb-based method for the detection of T cell stimulatory epitopes known to be involved in CD. The method has many advantages compared to the existing methods for the detection of gluten since it is the first method that can; (i) detect T cell stimulatory epitopes of gluten; (ii) detect the epitopes separately, (iii) detect T cell stimulatory epitopes present on gliadin and glutenin homologues present in other cereals also known to be involved in CD; and (iv) detect T cell stimulatory epitopes on both intact proteins and small protein fragments. The new method is a valuable tool in the screening of basic ingredients, semi manufactured ingredients and food products that are intended to be used in the gluten free diet of CD patients. Moreover the new method can also be used for the screening of cereals and different wheat varieties for the level of toxicity for CD patients.

Abstract: An analytical strip and a detecting method using the analytical strip are provided. The analytical strip includes a substrate having a channel thereon. The channel has a first region, a second region and a third region, which are connected sequentially. A first antibody is localized in the first region. A saccharide and a peroxidase are localized in the first or second region. A second antibody for recognizing a different epitope of an identical antigen with the first antibody is immobilized in the second region. An optical substrate and a substrate reagent including a saccharide oxidase are localized in the third region.

Abstract: Labelled silica nanoparticles for immunochromatographic reagent, comprising silica nanoparticles containing a labelled substance.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for the detection and/or quantification of a microbial contaminant, for example, a bacterial endotoxin or a glucan, in a sample. In particular, the invention provides a test cartridge useful in the practice of hemocyte lysate-based assays for the detection and/or quantification of a microbial contaminant in a sample. In addition, the invention provides methods of making and using such cartridges. In addition, the invention provides a rapid, sensitive, multi-step kinetic hemocyte lysate-based assay for the detection and/or quantification of a microbial contaminant in a sample. In addition, the invention provides a glucan-specific lysate that can be used in a variety of assay formats, including, for example, a test cartridge, optionally configured to perform a kinetic assay.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for stabilization of analytes in solutions of solubilized body samples. The method comprises the steps of solubilizing the body samples obtained from a subject in a suitable sample medium and stabilizing said body sample contained within the sample medium by heating said sample medium for a certain period of time. A further aspect of the invention is a method of a denaturing immunoassay of proteins in solution. The method comprises the steps of bringing a sample containing proteins into contact with a denaturing agent and heating said sample in the presence of the denaturing agent to allow the protein to be denatured.

Abstract: A method for removing contaminant DNA in a sample containing a physiologically active protein, which comprises the following steps: 1) converting the sample containing a physiologically active protein into a neutral aqueous solution of low conductivity; and 2) removing the resulting particles.

Abstract: A method for identifying compounds that inhibit amyloid-beta precursor protein processing in cells, comprising contacting a test compound with a GPCR polypeptide, or fragment thereof, and measuring a compound-GPCR property related to the production of amyloid-beta peptide. Cellular assays of the method measure indicators including second messenger and/or amyloid beta peptide levels. Therapeutic methods, and pharmaceutical compositions including effective amyloid-beta precursor processing-inhibiting amounts of GPCR expression inhibitors, are useful for treating conditions involving cognitive impairment such as Alzheimers Disease.

Abstract: An immunochemical method for the accurate measurement of the quantity of cytochrome c in a body fluid, in particular, blood, and a kit for the measurement. The quantity of cytochrome c can be measured accurately without being affected by any interfering substrate by reacting an antibody with cytochrome c in a buffer solution in an acidic range.

Abstract: The present application relates to procedures for the determination of the activity of the protease which activates factor VII, also known as factor VII activating protease or FSAP. The application also relates to a method of detecting whether an individual has increased or lowered activity in the protease which activates factor VII compared to at least one standard sample, wherein the increased or lowered activity indicates an increased risk for disease or cardiovascular complications.

Abstract: Methods of determining intracellular levels of Rab5 activity are disclosed, as well as fusion proteins utilized in such methods and recombinant constructs encoding such fusion proteins. The fusion protein contains a Rab5-binding domain that specifically binds to an activated form of Rab5-GTP, and a tag conjugated thereto, wherein the tag binds to an affinity matrix for purification of Rab5-GTP. Also disclosed are kits for determining intracellular levels of Rab5 activity.

Abstract: The immunoassay element for quantitatively analyzing an antigen by determining the change in enzymatic activity of an enzyme-labelled antigen or antibody caused by an immunological reaction. The immunoassay element comprises a substrate layer containing a non-diffusible substrate which forms a diffusible material in the presence of the labelling enzyme, and a reagent layer containing a fragmenting enzyme for further fragmenting the diffusible material into a lower molecular weight product. As the non-diffusible substrate, a substrate capable of reacting solely with the labelling enzyme and incapable of reacting the fragmenting enzyme is utilized. When an endo-active glucosidase is used as the labelling enzyme, and an exo-active glucosidase is used the fragmenting enzyme in the reagent layer, the non-diffusible substrate of the substrate layer is preferred to be an endo type selectively reactive substrate, which means a substrate having a reactivity specific to endo-active glucosidase.

Abstract: Described herein are methods of diagnosing lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) that permits differentiating LAM from another lung disorder. Methods of treatment are also provided.

Abstract: An analytical strip and a detecting method using the analytical strip are provided. The analytical strip includes a substrate having a channel thereon. The channel has a first region, a second region and a third region, which are connected sequentially. A first antibody is localized in the first region. A saccharide and a peroxidase are localized in the first or second region. A second antibody for recognizing a different epitope of an identical antigen with the first antibody is immobilized in the second region. An optical substrate and a substrate reagent including a saccharide oxidase are localized in the third region.

Abstract: Method for determining the active parathyroid hormone content in a sample, wherein the component of parathyroid hormone polypeptide chains which are oxidized at one or more sites near the PTH receptor binding structure having the amino acids 15 to 22 are specifically excluded from the content determination. Oxidation of the parathyroid hormone occurs in particular in dialysis patients, their blood plasma being exposed to an oxidation stress in the dialysis. The invention is based on the use of antibodies which bind specific conformation epitopes of the oxidised or reduced parathyroid hormone and its fragments. Further, there is provided a test system for the quantitative determination of parathyroid hormone and active fragments hereof in a sample.

Abstract: The invention provides competitive immunoassay techniques for high sensitivity detection of delta-9-tetrahydro-cannabinol (cannabis; THC) employing a carrier conjugate of an intermediate in the biosynthesis of cannabis, more particularly 5-pentylresorcinol conjugated to a macromolecular carrier via its hydroxyl groups. By employing such a conjugate with anti-THC antibody in a lateral flow immunochromatography test device convenient on-site testing for low levels of cannabis in liquid samples may be achieved. Such testing is particularly favoured for roadside testing for cannabis in oral fluid samples.

Abstract: A regulable molecular motor micropower biosensor comprises: a rotary motor, an optical energy conversion device, a signal molecular output device, a power resource system, a protective layer, a supporting material, and a bilayer lipid membrane fixing material. The molecular motor micropower biosensor is used for detecting biological macromolecules, viral molecules, etc.

Abstract: The invention relates to the following methods [1] to [3] and to a kit for carrying out the methods: [1] a method for detecting heart disease, characterized in that the method comprises determining a free immunoglobulin kappa light chain level and/or a free immunoglobulin lambda light chain level of a specimen and comparing at least one value of the kappa chain level, the lambda chain level, and a kappa/lambda ratio with that of a healthy subject; [2] a method for detecting a complication of viral infection in a patient with heart disease, characterized in that the method comprises determining a free immunoglobulin kappa light chain level and/or a free immunoglobulin lambda light chain level of a specimen and comparing at least one value of the kappa chain level, the lambda chain level, and a kappa/lambda ratio with that of a healthy subject; [3] A method for detecting severity of heart disease, characterized in that the method comprises determining a free immunoglobulin kappa light chain level and/or a free

Abstract: An improved method for diagnosing autoimmune or genetic diseases is provided in this disclosure. In particular, a method to diagnose diseases affecting the tissues of organs selected from the group of spleen, brain, heart, kidney, thyroid, eye, skin, intestine, liver, pancreas, adrenal gland, prostate and lungs or from the tissues selected from the group of muscles and bones or other tissues. More specifically, the present invention provides an improved method for diagnosing diseases affecting neuromuscular junctions.

Abstract: The invention discloses monoclonal antibodies for vitamins A (retinol palmitate) and D3 (cholecalciferol); a method for using monoclonal antibodies, and the monoclonal antibodies disclosed herein, in particular, to quantitate these vitamins in fluids such as dairy products, and blood, and also raw or processed agri-food and beverage products. The method involves contacting the sample with a mixture of polar and non-polar organic solvents in combination with inorganic salts to remove fat molecules into an organic fraction, and assaying the organic fraction by immunoassay involving the monoclonal antibodies. The presence of a mixture of non-polar and polar organic solvents increases the separation of vitamins from fat molecules and enables the test samples to be quantified by immunoassay without any further treatment.

Abstract: A method of monitoring tocolytic therapy in a pregnant woman. The method comprises determining a first concentration of placental protein 13 (PP13) in a bodily substance of a woman who has not received treatment with a tocolytic agent, determining a second concentration of PP13 in a bodily substance of the pregnant woman after initiation of treatment with a tocolytic agent, and comparing the second concentration with the first concentration. Based on the comparison, it may be determined whether to continue, discontinue, or modify the tocolytic treatment.

Abstract: A reagent kit that is used for determining a characteristic of tissue obtained from a patient is described. The reagent kit comprising expression measurement reagents for measuring expression level of cyclin-dependant kinase (CDK) and activity measurement reagents for measuring activity value of CDK. The expression measurement reagents comprise first reagents and second reagents, and the activity measurement reagents comprise third reagents and fourth reagents. In the reagent kit, a first reagent set of the first and third reagents is stored under a first storage condition relating to temperature, and a second reagent set of the second and fourth reagents is stored under a second storage condition relating to temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions containing novel proteins and methods of using those compositions for the diagnosis and treatment of immune related diseases.

Abstract: Antibodies having specific binding for the parent THC (?9-THC) and its major metabolites are provided which present a significant increase in sensitivity of immunoassays such as lateral flow immunoassays and ELISA for THC. The present invention also provides a rabbit hybridoma producing the antibody as a monoclonal antibody, a recombinant antibody, further molecularly engineered recombinant antibodies against parent ?9-THC and its metabolites and cell lines producing the recombinant antibodies. The invention also provides applications of the antibody in immunoassays, particularly lateral flow immunoassays, specifically applications in detecting THC in body fluids, particularly saliva, and kits for determining the presence of THC.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods utilizing the fat-induced antibody response (FIAR) to assess endothelial function. Additional methods are provided that utilize FIAR for diagnosing and monitoring the progression of vascular diseases, the success of treatment for these diseases, and as a measure of the oxidative stress imposed upon vascular endothelium. Still more methods are provided for measuring the oxidation products of lipids in blood following the administration of a polyunsaturated fatty acid (fat-induced acute response) to monitor the treatment success of a vascular disease, for monitoring the degree of endothelial inflammation, and for diagnosing and monitoring the progression of a cardiovascular disease.

Abstract: The ATP amplification method of the present invention is a method for amplifying and detecting a very trace amount of exogenous ATP by allowing a fusion protein (PPK-ADK) of a polyphosphate kinase and an adenylate kinase, the fusion protein not containing ADP, to act on a mixture of ATP, AMP, and a polyphosphate compound. The present invention also provides an ultrasensitive ATP amplification method by which ATP at a single cell level can be amplified and detected, and an ultrasensitive microbial assay based on this ATP amplification method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for stabilization of analytes in solutions of solubilized body samples. The method comprises the steps of solubilizing the body samples obtained from a subject in a suitable sample medium and stabilizing said body sample contained within the sample medium by heating said sample medium for a certain period of time. A further aspect of the invention is a method of a denaturing immunoassay of proteins in solution. The method comprises the steps of bringing a sample containing proteins into contact with a denaturing agent and heating said sample in the presence of the denaturing agent to allow the protein to be denatured.

Abstract: A method of analyzing a sample comprising directing a beam of light to a spot on the surface of a microarray treated with the sample using a digital micromirror device, and observing the SPR spectral shift due to a chemical binding event. The digital micromirror device can be, for example, that used in Digital Light Processing (DLP). Such a device can selectively place a pixel of light onto a microarray such that each spot can be observed at millisecond intervals and the whole microarray can be sequentially scanned over a relatively short period. The SPR spectral shift for each spot can be measured as a function of time, thus producing SPR detection of molecular binding in an array format.

Abstract: Provided is a method of detecting characteristics of a reaction of interest, including instituting the reaction of interest, obtaining an amplified heat related to the reaction of interest, measuring the amplified heat, and determining the characteristics of the reaction of interest, using the signal obtained in the step of measuring.

Abstract: Reagents and methods for detecting target proteins in a sample are provided. The reagents include a replicable genetic package, a protein displayed on an exterior surface of the package that is expressed from a heterologous nucleic acid borne by the package, and one or more antibodies complexed with the expressed protein and which have an open binding site for a target protein. Thus, a segment of the nucleic acid encodes for an epitope that is shared by the expressed polypeptide and the target protein. The reagents can be utilized individually or as part of a library or an array to bind target proteins within protein samples to form one or more complexes. By determining the sequence of the segment of the heterologous nucleic acid of a package within a complex, one can identify the target protein since the segment encodes for an epitope that is shared by the expressed and target proteins.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for the structural analysis of a saccharide, comprising: a) providing on a surface a plurality of essentially sequence- and/or site-specific binding agents; b) contacting said surface with a saccharide to be analyzed, or with a mixture comprising a plurality of fragments of said saccharide; c) washing or otherwise removing unbound saccharide or saccharide fragments; d) adding to the surface obtained in step c) an essentially sequence- and/or site-specific marker, or a mixture of essentially sequence- and/or site-specific markers; e) acquiring one or more images of the markers that are bound to said surface; and f) deriving information related to the identity of the saccharide being analyzed from said image.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new sensitive direct sandwich assay for determining the presence of COMP in a clinical sample. Two monoclonal antibodies directed against separate antigenic determinants of the COMP molecules are used in the assay. The invention also relates to three particularly advantageous monoclonal antibodies per se that are directed against human COMP. Cell cultures manufacturing these antibodies have been deposited according to the Budapest Treaty at Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, and have been assigned accession numbers DSM ACC2406, DSM ACC2408 and DSM ACC2418, respectively. A diagnostic kit comprising at least two of these monoclonal antibodies also constitute a part of the present invention.

Abstract: Methods, compositions and kits are provided for measuring aspirin's anti-thrombotic effectiveness on a subject. Included are a novel assay for quickly and specifically measuring TxA2 metabolite levels in urine and correlating the levels with aspirin dose in a subject. The methods, compositions and kits utilize a novel anti TxA2 metabolite antibody.

Abstract: The present invention describes a test system for the determination of in-vivo active hemostasis proteases in biological fluids and the use thereof to determine the in-vivo activation of hemostasis or to diagnose pancreatitis. EDTA and/or EGTA is added to the biological sample to prevent artificial activation of the hemostasis proteases. Arginine and/or guanidine can also be added to the biological sample.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods for the detection and quantification of Wolbachia antibodies, antibody fragments, and polypeptides.

Abstract: A screening assay for selecting macromolecules that interfere with the binding of a sulfated GAG to beta amyloid, the assay comprising affixing a sulfated GAG to a substrate, co-incubating the macromolecule and a known amount of beta amyloid with the sulfated GAG, determining the amount of beta amyloid bound to the sulfated GAG affixed to the substrate; wherein the macromolecule will be one which interferes with the binding of the sulfated GAG to beta amyloid.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for the identification and use of diagnostic markers for differential diagnosis of diseases. In a various aspects, the invention relates to methods and compositions able to determine the presence or absence of one, and preferably a plurality, of diseases that exhibit one or more similar or identical symptoms. Such methods and compositions can be used to provide assays and assay devices for use in determining the disease underlying one or more non-specific symptoms exhibited in a clinical setting.

Abstract: Methods and kits for diagnosing tumorigenicity by measuring the concentration of GP88 in blood, plasma, serum, saliva, urine and other biological fluids. The methods and kits detect GP88 in biological fluids at a concentration as low as about 0.1 to 10 nanograms per milliliter and are useful for determining whether a patient has a tumorigenic condition, whether the patient is likely to be responsive to anti-tumorigenic therapies, and whether the treated patient is responding to anti-tumorigenic therapy by measuring the concentration of GP88 in the patient's serum or other biological fluid.

Abstract: The invention provides monoclonal antibodies and other binding agents to human cytochrome P450 2C19 having advantageous properties, including capacity substantially to inhibit enzyme activity of human cytochrome P450 2C19 and lack of specific binding to other human cytochrome P450s. The binding agents of the invention are useful inter alia in methods for screening drugs for metabolism by cytochrome P450 2C19, and in methods of measuring P450 2C19 levels in individuals relative to P450 2C19 levels in a control population.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the diagnosis of hematopoietic disorders and to determining the prognosis of patients affected by such disorders. The methods generally comprise determining a level of myeloperoxidase in a body fluid sample from the individual and using the level as a factor for diagnosing the disorder in the mammal or as a factor for determining the prognosis of a patient diagnosed with such a disorder. Myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia are exemplary disorders. Also provided are method of cancer therapy involving reducing the level of myeloperoxidase in the body fluid of the individual.

Abstract: The invention is directed to enhanced methods for detecting an analyte of interest in situ, by immunoassay, or by hybridization comprising binding an enzyme-labeled conjugate molecule to an analyte of interest in the presence of a redox-inactive reductive species and a soluble metal ion. The enzyme catalyzes the conversion of the inactive reductive species to an active reducing agent, which in turn reduces the metal ion to a metal atom thereby providing an enhanced means of detecting the analyte via metal deposition.

Abstract: Phosphorylated Sp1 can be used as a marker for in vitro diagnosis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) as well as a therapeutical target of said condition.

Abstract: The invention is directed to novel compositions of matter and methods of detecting in situ an immunohistochemical epitope or nucleic acid sequence of interest in a biological sample comprising binding an enzyme-labeled conjugate molecule to the epitope or sequence of interest in the presence of a redox-inactive reductive species and a soluble metal ion, thereby facilitating the reduction of the metal ion to a metal atom at or about the point where the enzyme is anchored. Novel phosphate derivatives of reducing agents are described that when exposed to a phosphatase are activated to their reducing form, thereby reducing metal ions to insoluble metal.

Abstract: This disclosure teaches a method and composition for detecting the presence of class specific antibodies reactive with analytes such as bacteria, allergens, autoimmune antigens, viral proteins, haptens, and carbohydrates by lateral flow techniques. In one embodiment of the disclosure, a test sample is added to the test strip, which then migrates to the site of the immobilized allergens, thereby forming a first antibody IgE-allergen complex. A chase release buffer is added upstream to or from the site of the labeled anti-IgE antibodies, which is itself upstream from the sample site. The anti-IgE antibodies migrate downstream to the site of immobilized first complex, thereby forming a second complex indicating the presence of class specific IgE antibodies in the test specimen. In another embodiment of the disclosure, a liquid form of the labeled anti-IgE antibodies can be added to the test strip after the first complex has been formed.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of determining the severity of rhinoconjunctivitis in a patient by determining the levels of C5a or C5a-desArg in the patient's blood, plasma or serum.

Abstract: The various embodiments provide method of using hair follicle bulbs as biodosimeters for the detection of chemical exposure. The methods described herein utilize intact, plucked hair follicle bulbs and can be used to monitor real-time or near real-time changes in the levels of specific follicular bulb biomarkers to determine exposure to toxicants. By utilizing the living, responsive cells in the plucked hair follicle bulb in an immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis, the various embodiments mitigate the risks of false positives associated with segmental hair analysis and avoid the more invasive collection required for serum and urinalysis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for detecting von-Willebrand factor (vWF) activity comprising assaying a sample in the presence of a soluble form or portion of glycoprotein Ib(?) (GPIb(?) and ristocetin, or a functionally equivalent substance. Additionally, the invention relates to the use of the aforementioned soluble form or portion of glycoprotein Ib(?), of ristocetin or a functional equivalent substance, of specifically reacting anti-GPIB(?) antibody(ies) and/or of specific binding partners, like specifically reacting anti-vWF antibody(ies) for carrying out the method of the invention. Furthermore, the present invention relates to kits for carrying out the method of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fluorescence polarization assays for determining the HDC modulating activity of a candidate compound including providing a reaction mixture comprising a HDC, histidine, a fluorescently labeled histamine probe, a candidate compound and an anti histamine antibody having selectivity for histamine at least 10 fold greater than histidine: incubating the reaction mixture; and determining whether inhibition of HDC has occurred in the presence of the test compound, wherein an increase in fluorescence signal is an indication that the test compound inhibits the activity of the HDC.

Abstract: An assay exhibiting improved sensitivity for achieving a factor of ten times (10×) better sensitivity than current sensitivity levels achieved by prior-art immunoassays, as exemplified by ELISA. Three main implementations are described: IA/MPD, Super-ELISA and Reverse Geometry Immunoassay, including specific panel biomarker relationships for the early detection and recognition patterns of breast and prostate cancers. More sensitive immunoassays are achieved through a better understanding of sources of biological background, and by the rejection of particular sources thereof. Super-sensitive immunoassays permit measurement of blood sample biomarkers, and show distribution of low abundance proteins included relationships between cytokine non-Gaussian distributions, very large dynamic ranges and strong age dependence, and including new algorithms based on 2D correlations of studied biomarkers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for identifying fungicides and also inhibitors of the 20S and 26S proteasomes, to methods for isolating 20S proteasomes, to the use of 20S proteasomes for identifying fungicides and to the use of the inhibitors of 26S and/or 20S proteasomes as fungicides.