Blood Gas (e.g., Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Blood, Ph, Etc.) Patents (Class 436/68)
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Publication number: 20090233372Abstract: The instant application is to compositions, kits and methods to determine if a person in need of a blood transfusion is at-risk for TRALI. The invention includes embodiments of methods for testing the priming activity of a blood component or serum or plasma from a patient sustaining TRALI or the priming status of neutrophils of a patient at risk for TRALI by exposing the neutrophils to samples or priming agents, and measuring the respiratory burst in response to an activating agent. The respiratory burst may then be compared to a pre-determined value to find if the patient has abnormally high respiratory burst or the plasma or serum samples have priming activity. The present invention also contemplates kits designed to measure respiratory burst, and compositions/reagents to be used in same.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 10, 2009Publication date: September 17, 2009Applicant: Bonfils Blood CenterInventor: Daniel Ambruso
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Patent number: 7534619Abstract: A method for determining a person's metabolic typing. The method includes the steps of taking a baseline reading to determine a person's blood pH, administering a substance challenge to a person to determine how the substance affects the person's blood pH, waiting a period of time, retaking the person's blood ph, and from any difference in the baseline reading and post-challenge reading, determining if the patient's blood has been alkalized or acidified by the substance challenge in order to determine the person's metabolic type. The invention is also a method to test the blood pH shifting effects of substances on people of different metabolic types, by determining whether the substance will cause the blood of persons having known metabolic types to become more acidic or alkaline.Type: GrantFiled: October 27, 2006Date of Patent: May 19, 2009Inventor: Brandon Horn
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Patent number: 7494816Abstract: A method of measuring an analyte in a biological fluid comprises applying an excitation signal having a DC component and an AC component. The AC and DC responses are measured; a corrected DC response is determined using the AC response; and a concentration of the analyte is determined based upon the corrected DC response. Other methods and devices are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: October 17, 2003Date of Patent: February 24, 2009Assignees: Roche Diagnostic Operations, Inc., Roche Operations Ltd.Inventors: David W. Burke, Lance S. Kuhn, Terry A. Beaty, Vladimir Svetnik
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Patent number: 7488601Abstract: A method of measuring an analyte in a biological fluid comprises applying an excitation signal having a DC component and an AC component. The AC and DC responses are measured; a corrected DC response is determined using the AC response; and a concentration of the analyte is determined based upon the corrected DC response. Other methods and devices are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: October 17, 2003Date of Patent: February 10, 2009Assignees: Roche Diagnostic Operations, Inc., Roche Operations Ltd.Inventors: David W. Burke, Lance S. Kuhn, James Maxwell
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Patent number: 7445894Abstract: The present invention relates to phosphate-binding compounds that find use in binding, detecting and isolating phosphorylated target molecules including the subsequent identification of target molecules that interact with phosphorylated target molecules or molecules capable of being phosphorylated. A binding solution is provide that comprises a phosphate-binding compound, an acid and a metal ion wherein the metal ion simultaneously interacts with an exposed phosphate group on a target molecule and the metal chelating moiety of the phosphate-binding compound forming a bridge between the phosphate-binding compound and a phosphorylated target molecule resulting in a ternary complex. The binding solution of the present invention finds use in binding and detecting immobilized and solubilized phosphorylated target molecules, isolation of phosphorylated target molecules from a complex mixture and aiding in proteomic analysis wherein kinase and phosphatase substrates and enzymes can be identified.Type: GrantFiled: April 9, 2004Date of Patent: November 4, 2008Assignee: Molecular Probes, Inc.Inventors: Brian Agnew, Kyle R. Gee, Vladimir V. Martin
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Patent number: 7416699Abstract: Nanotubes and nanotube-based devices are implemented in a variety of applications. According to an example embodiment of the present invention, a nanotube is adapted to pass current between two conductive elements. In one implementation, each conductive element includes a catalyst material, wherein electrical connection is made to opposite ends of the nanotube at each of the catalyst portions. In one implementation, the electrical connection is used to detect an electrical characteristic of the nanotube, such as the response of the nanotube to exposure to one or more of a variety of materials. In another implementation, the nanotube is used for chemical and biological sensing. In still another implementation, a particular functionality is imparted to the nanotube using one or more of a variety of materials coupled to the nanotube, such as metal particles, biological particles and/or layers of the same.Type: GrantFiled: June 18, 2002Date of Patent: August 26, 2008Assignee: The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior UniversityInventors: Hongjie Dai, Jing Kong
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Publication number: 20080176271Abstract: A system is disclosed that extracts bodily fluid to a reaction chamber for monitoring a substance or property of the patient fluid. In one embodiment, a pump is used to advance the sample of bodily fluid through a filter to produce a filtrate. Another pump advances filtrate into the reaction chamber, while another pump advances reactant into the reaction chamber. A sensor in communication with the reaction chamber determines a concentration of nitric oxide or one of its metabolic products. Methods are also disclosed.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 16, 2008Publication date: July 24, 2008Inventors: James H. Silver, Darius F. Mostowfi
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Patent number: 7390462Abstract: The present invention provides ratiometric fluorescent pH sensors for non-invasive, continuous monitoring of pH in such applications as fermentation processes. The ratiometric fluorescent pH sensors comprise a fluorescent dye that exhibits a shift in excitation wavelength with a corresponding shift in pH in the local environment of said fluorescent dye. Ratiometric measurements of the emission intensities at dual excitation maxima correlate to pH. Also provided is a fluorescent dye 6-methacryloyl-8-hydroxy-1,3-pyrene disulfonic acid (MA-HPDS). Further provided are systems and methods to non-invasively and continuously monitor pH.Type: GrantFiled: June 30, 2003Date of Patent: June 24, 2008Assignee: The University of Maryland Baltimore CountyInventors: Govind Rao, Iordan V. Kostov, Haley R. Kermis, Peter Harms
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Patent number: 7294312Abstract: Improved methods and apparatus that make more accurate and reduces risk of filling reaction chambers of cartridge cells with blood samples to conduct blood coagulation tests of the type employing the plunger technique are disclosed. A cartridge holder is provided that secures a test cartridge in a fixed upright position and deflects the plunger flag of each cartridge cell to enable manual insertion of a blood dispenser deeply into the reaction chamber to fill the reaction chamber and avoid contamination of surfaces of the cartridge outside the reaction chamber. Preferably, the cartridge holder provides illumination of the reaction chamber during filling, so that the user can judge when the reaction chamber is properly filled with blood dispensed from the blood dispenser. The cartridge holder may incorporate image magnification to facilitate viewing of the reaction chamber as it is filled.Type: GrantFiled: February 20, 2003Date of Patent: November 13, 2007Assignee: Medtronic, Inc.Inventors: Michael M. Green, Douglas D. Nippoldt, William D. Zillmann, Brent E. Wallace, Jeff N. Rejent
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Patent number: 7291502Abstract: A non-invasive blood gas test is carried out by a method that utilizes a venous blood sample together with a pulse oximeter and a plurality of mathematical equations. The method generates the following data points of the blood: (i) the pH level; (ii) the [H+] concentration; (iii) the [HCO3—] concentration; (iv) the partial pressure of carbon dioxide; and (v) the oxygen saturation level. Mathematical formulas, tables, and chemical equations provide a simple method by which a doctor or other medical professional can easily calculate the blood gas data without the need for an arterial blood sample or specialized machines. Blood gas measurements are obtained from a patient in a faster, safer and less painful manner than tests that require an arterial blood sample. In another embodiment of the present invention, a system for locating a dysfunctional organ in a patient is disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: March 15, 2006Date of Patent: November 6, 2007Inventor: Wayne P. Franco
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Patent number: 7247493Abstract: The present invention relates to devices, methods, and kits for quickly and easily measuring and monitoring the pH of aquatic environments, such as lakes, streams, drinking waters, fisheries, aquariums, pools, hot-tubs, and spas. The current invention includes devices that are reusable and capable of monitoring the pH in a reversible fashion, thereby allowing continuous pH sensing without a need for the user to physically perform pH tests. Operation of the invention involves placing the device into the aquatic environment and optically detecting a color change in the membrane, for example, by looking at the device, when a pH measurement is desired. In addition, the device is both inexpensive and reusable, allowing the user to monitor the pH of various aquatic environment at minimal costs.Type: GrantFiled: May 12, 2005Date of Patent: July 24, 2007Assignee: Virbac CorporationInventor: Roni Aron Kopelman
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Patent number: 7247497Abstract: A method of testing multiple fluid samples with multiple biopolymer arrays. A cover is assembled to a contiguous substrate carrying on a first side, multiple arrays each with multiple regions of biopolymers linked to the substrate, such that the cover and the substrate together form a plurality of chambers each containing a biopolymer array and each being accessible through its own port. Multiple fluid samples are introduced into respective chambers through a port of each such that the fluid samples contact respective arrays. A binding pattern of the arrays is observed. An apparatus and kit useful in such methods, are also provided.Type: GrantFiled: May 31, 2002Date of Patent: July 24, 2007Assignee: Agilent Technologies, Inc.Inventors: SueAnn C. Dahm, Arthur Schleifer, Carol T. Schembri, Douglas A. Amorese
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Patent number: 7206624Abstract: The present invention pertains to an apparatus for evaluating the signal strength from the pH sensor to determine whether the sensor is hydrated sufficiently to accurately measure pH. This is accomplished by utilizing circuitry that periodically sends a low voltage signal to a suitable pH sensor and then receiving the resulting waveforms which are analyzed by a processing receiver. The electrical connection between a suitable pH sensor and hydration monitoring circuitry is generally hard wired. In one embodiment, a processing receiver is coupled with the hydration monitoring circuitry as a single apparatus. In a second embodiment, the processing receiver can be independent and located remote from the hydration monitoring circuitry. In this embodiment, the hydration monitoring circuitry and the processing receiver are electrically connected using either hard wired techniques or wireless technology. In addition, the processing receiver can include data recording capability.Type: GrantFiled: May 25, 2005Date of Patent: April 17, 2007Assignee: Sierra Medical Technology, Inc.Inventors: Ross Tsukashima, Erich H. Wolf, Jeffery D. Schipper, Charles S. Bankert, Leo R. Roucher, Thomas Germain Wallner
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Patent number: 7129329Abstract: The present invention provides an isolated archael and bacterial heme binding protein which reversibly binds oxygen with a low affinity. The heme binding protein may be utilized as a blood substitute. The invention also provides a method for controlled storage of oxygen by contacting a bacterial heme binding protein with oxygen allowing the protein to bind and store oxygen. The also provides methods to sense gaseous ligands using the heme binding protein. In other embodiments, the invention provides chimeric proteins having a heme-binding domain of an isolated heme binding archael bacterial protein and a heterologous signaling domain.Type: GrantFiled: December 6, 1999Date of Patent: October 31, 2006Assignee: University of HawaiiInventors: Maqsudul Alam, Randy Larsen
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Patent number: 7097809Abstract: The present invention provides a microfluidic device for synthesizing an array of compounds and methods for using the same. In particular, the microfluidic device of the present invention comprises a solid support base, an elastomeric layer attached to the solid support, and a plurality of flow channels located within the interface between the solid support and the elastomeric layer. In addition, the solid support comprises a functional group for forming a bond with a reactive reagent. In some embodiments, the microfluidic device further comprises a second plurality of flow channels that intersect the first plurality of flow channels. A plurality of control channels are also present in the microfluidic devices of the present invention. The control channels can be actuated to regulate flow of fluids within the flow channel(s).Type: GrantFiled: April 3, 2002Date of Patent: August 29, 2006Assignee: California Institute of TechnologyInventors: Michael Van Dam, Marc A. Unger, Stephen R. Quake
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Patent number: 7087436Abstract: A method and apparatus for the analysis of blood or other liquids by mass spectrometry to determine the partial pressures of gases and other volatile substances dissolved in the blood or other liquid in a manner independent of the solubility of the gases in the blood or other liquid. A countercurrent membrane exchanger (CCME) is provided for equilibrating a carrier fluid with the sample of blood or other liquid, the output of which is coupled to a tubular direct insertion membrane probe (t-DIMP) type of membrane inlet mass spectrometer. The CCME preferably has complementary spiral grooves on opposing metal plates for the water carrier and sample liquids so as to induce secondary flows which greatly reduce the resistance to equilibration between the liquid sample and water carrier phases.Type: GrantFiled: June 20, 2003Date of Patent: August 8, 2006Assignee: Trustees of the University of PennsylvaniaInventors: James Baumgardner, Gordon Neufeld
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Patent number: 7056686Abstract: Disclosed is a method of diagnosing irritable bowel syndrome, fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, depression, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus, or Crohn's disease, which involves detecting the presence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in a human subject having at least one symptom associated with a suspected diagnosis of any of those diagnostic categories. Also disclosed is a method of treating these disorders, and other disorders caused by SIBO, that involves at least partially eradicating a SIBO condition in the human subject. The method includes administration of anti-microbial or probiotic agents, or normalizing intestinal motility by employing a prokinetic agent. The method improves symptoms, including hyperalgesia related to SIBO and disorders caused by SIBO.Type: GrantFiled: August 10, 2004Date of Patent: June 6, 2006Assignee: Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterInventors: Henry C. Lin, Mark Pimentel
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Patent number: 6946100Abstract: A blood test container 1 having a closed-bottom tubular container 2, a closed-bottom second tubular container having a diameter smaller than that of the tubular container 2 for accommodation therein, and a blood test reagent 3 secured onto at least one of an inner face of the tubular container and an outer face of the second tubular container. A blood test method comprising, in sequence, introducing blood into any one of the aforementioned blood test containers 1 and allowing the blood or its component to contact the blood test reagent 3.Type: GrantFiled: January 9, 2003Date of Patent: September 20, 2005Assignee: Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Masayuki Yokoi, Jun-ichiro Shinoda, Junzou Shibata, Mie Matsumoto, Kazuo Shimmura, Hironobu Isogawa
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Patent number: 6905655Abstract: An electronic system for selectively detecting and identifying a plurality of chemical species, which comprises an array of nanostructure sensing devices, is disclosed. Within the array, there are at least two different selectivities for sensing among the nanostructure sensing devices. Methods for fabricating the electronic system are also disclosed. The methods involve modifiying nanostructures within the devices to have different selectivity for sensing chemical species. Modification can involve chemical, electrochemical, and self-limiting point defect reactions. Reactants for these reactions can be supplied using a bath method or a chemical jet method. Methods for using the arrays of nanostructure sensing devices to detect and identify a plurality of chemical species are also provided.Type: GrantFiled: March 14, 2003Date of Patent: June 14, 2005Assignee: Nanomix, Inc.Inventors: Jean-Christophe P. Gabriel, Philip G. Collins, Keith Bradley, George Gruner
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Patent number: 6890757Abstract: A portable system for analysis of blood or other bodily fluids removable from a patient is disclosed. The system includes a temperature sensing device and a temperature control circuit. The temperature sensing device senses a temperature of a surface of a sensor substrate of a cartridge having an electrical heater device without direct contact with the cartridge or direct exposure to the heating device. The temperature sensing device also generates an electrical signal related to the sensed temperature. The temperature control circuit controls an electrical input to the heater device based on the sensed temperature and a designed control temperature.Type: GrantFiled: May 24, 2002Date of Patent: May 10, 2005Assignee: International Technidyne CorporationInventors: James Donald Kurkowski, Brian Keith Sorenson, Jon Michael Tonsager
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Patent number: 6852541Abstract: The invention relates to an assay for testing oxidative stress of a subject by measurement of oxidants in biological fluids such as urine, plasma, bioreactor medium and respiratory aspirants. There is provided a method of determining oxidative stress in a mammalian subject. The method comprises: obtaining a sample of a biological fluid from the subject; mixing the biological fluid with a ferrous reaction reagent; incubating the biological fluid and the reaction reagent; and detecting a colored reaction product. There is further provided a ferrous reaction reagent suitable for use in assaying oxidative stress, said reaction reagent comprising 2-deoxyglucose, TBA, EDTA, and ferrous sulfate, and being substantially free of ascorbic acid.Type: GrantFiled: January 19, 2001Date of Patent: February 8, 2005Inventors: Adebola Obayan, Bernhard H. Juurlink
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Patent number: 6835571Abstract: Multi-analyte reference solutions having a stable partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) in zero headspace packaging and methods for preparing such solutions are disclosed. The solutions have long shelf and use lives when stored at room temperature and are packaged in laminated foil containers having low or no oxygen reactivity. Access devices are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: August 29, 2003Date of Patent: December 28, 2004Assignee: Bayer CorporationInventors: Dennis R. Conlon, Minna A. Rannikko, Kevin J. Sullivan, Robert B. Green
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Patent number: 6827899Abstract: A test device for testing of analyte concentration in a fluid comprises: a housing (2) having an opening and containing a stack of sensors (16); a transport member (4) rotatably mounted in the opening of the housing, having an axis of rotation which spans the opening; a spring (24) which urges the stack against the transport member; and sealing means (20, 34) for making a moisture tight seal between the transport member and the sensors when the transport member is in a specified rotational position. An outer surface of the transport member has a recessed region (12) which is adapted to receive a single sensor from the stack. Rotation of the transport member with a sensor in the recessed region transports the sensor to a location where it can be connected to a meter (6, 8) and receive a drop of fluid to be tested.Type: GrantFiled: August 30, 2001Date of Patent: December 7, 2004Assignee: Hypoguard LimitedInventors: Graeme Antony Maisey, James Aitken, Andrew James Woodhead, Stuart Richard May, Michael Pearson, Murdo M. Black, James George Elcoaté Smith
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Patent number: 6815211Abstract: Apparatus or systems which employ luminescence quenching to produce an oxygen concentration indicative signal. Components of such systems include: (1) an airway adapter, sampling cell, or the like having a sensor which is excited into luminescence with the luminescence decaying in a manner reflecting the concentration of oxygen in gases flowing through the airway adapter or other flow device; (2) a transducer which has a light source for exciting a luminescable composition in the sensor into luminescence and a light sensitive detector for converting energy emitted from the luminescing composition as that composition is quenched into an electrical signal indicative of oxygen concentration in the gases being monitored; and (3) subsystems for maintaining the sensor temperature constant and for processing the signal generated by the light sensitive detector. Sensors for systems of the character just described, methods of fabricating those sensors, and methods for installing the sensors in the flow device.Type: GrantFiled: August 4, 1998Date of Patent: November 9, 2004Assignee: NTC TechnologyInventors: Perry R. Blazewicz, Leslie E. Mace, Jerry R. Apperson, Gamal-Eddin Khalil
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Patent number: 6811751Abstract: Method and apparatus for determining in a person's exhalation air the concentration of a specific substance in the blood by measuring the concentration of said substance and the concentration of water vapor in the exhalation air and utilizing a known relationship between these concentrations. When the method is applied the exhalation air is exhaled freely in a defined air volume having a predetermined composition, and said concentrations are measured in this air volume. The apparatus for working the method comprises a device (16) which defines a space for receiving the exhalation air, which has two mutually opposite openings through which the space communicates with the surrounding air, and means (18, 22, 23) for selective quantitative detection of said substance in the air in the defined space.Type: GrantFiled: April 11, 2002Date of Patent: November 2, 2004Assignee: Servotek ABInventors: Sven Gunnar Olsson, Stefan Brauer, Anders Linge, Tarmo Niininen, Krista Nilsson, Goran Rydgren
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Patent number: 6806091Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for determining blood oxygen transport, and to measure lipid levels by correlating these levels with the rate at which oxygen diffuses through the red blood cell membrane.Type: GrantFiled: August 22, 2000Date of Patent: October 19, 2004Inventors: Henry Buchwald, Hector J. Menchaca, Van Michalek, Thomas J. O'Dea, Thomas D. Rohde
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Patent number: 6806089Abstract: Described is a new approach to fluorescence sensing based on a mixture of fluorophores, one of which is sensitive to the desired analyte. If a long lifetime analyte-insensitive fluorophore is mixed with a short lifetime analyte-sensitive fluorophore, the modulation of the emission at conveniently low frequencies becomes equal to the fractional fluorescence intensity of the sensing fluorophore. Under these conditions the modulation can be used to determine the analyte concentration. This can be used with any fluorophore which changes intensity in response to analyte, and does not require the sensing fluorophore to display a change in lifetime. The feasibility of modulation-based sensing was demonstrated using mixtures of 6-carboxyfluorescein and [Ru2,2′(bipyridyl)3]2+ as a pH sensor and of the calcium probe Fluo-3 and [Ru2,2′(bipyridyl)3]2+ as a calcium sensor.Type: GrantFiled: April 17, 2001Date of Patent: October 19, 2004Assignee: University of Maryland, BaltimoreInventors: Joseph R. Lakowicz, Ignacy Gryczynski
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Patent number: 6793885Abstract: A blood test container which facilitate the procedures starting from blood collection and ending with measurement of various components present in the blood while eliminating a risk for a tester to come into contact with the blood. A blood test container 1 having a closed-bottom tubular container 2, a closed-bottom second tubular container having a diameter smaller than that of the tubular container 2 for accommodation therein, and a blood test reagent 3 secured onto at least one of an inner face of the tubular container and an outer face of the second tubular container.Type: GrantFiled: March 16, 2000Date of Patent: September 21, 2004Assignee: Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Masayuki Yokoi, Jun-ichiro Shinoda, Junzou Shibata, Mie Matsumoto, Kazuo Shimmura, Hironobu Isogawa
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Patent number: 6701168Abstract: The invention provides an improved, reliable and efficient way of measuring the oxygen concentration gradient in a sample by a novel apparatus and accompanying method of calculating linear oxygen concentrations within the sample, permitting diagnostic testing, for example, of the effects of a developmental or metabolic change in a cell or tissue, in vitro or in vivo, in response to disease, injury radiation, or mechanical or chemical intervention, or simply to changed circumstances, or to measure the oxygen permeability of a membrane or plastic. The apparatus in a preferred embodiment comprises a core digital signal processor (DSP), having sufficient memory (RAM and ROM) to perform the necessary calculations, to control output of excitation light from a light source, and to collect phosphorescent lifetime data; and signal processors (A/D and D/A).Type: GrantFiled: September 27, 2002Date of Patent: March 2, 2004Assignee: Trustees of the University of PennsylvaniaInventors: David F. Wilson, Sergei A. Vinogradov
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Patent number: 6664111Abstract: Sensing elements, sensor systems and methods for determining the concentration of oxygen and oxygen-related analytes in a medium are provided. The sensing element comprises a solid polymeric matrix material that is permeable to oxygen or an oxygen related analyte and an indicator that is covalently bonded to the solid polymeric matrix material. The indicator is a luminescent platinum group metal polyaromatic chelate complex capable of having its luminescence quenched by the presence of oxygen. The polyaromatic complex comprises three ligands, at least one of which is a bidentate diphenylphenanthroline. The polyaromatic complex is distributed substantially homogenously throughout the matrix material and is covalently bonded to the matrix material via a linker arm. The linker arm is attached to a phenyl group of a diphenylphenanthroline ligand and to the backbone of the polymeric matrix material.Type: GrantFiled: August 22, 2001Date of Patent: December 16, 2003Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties CompanyInventors: James G. Bentsen, Ralph R. Roberts, Orlin B. Knudson, Daniel Alvarez, Jr., Michael J. Rude
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Patent number: 6632675Abstract: Multi-analyte reference solutions having a stable partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) in zero headspace packaging and methods for preparing such solutions are disclosed. The solutions have long shelf and use lives when stored at room temperature and are packaged in laminated foil containers having low or no oxygen reactivity. Access devices are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: August 16, 2000Date of Patent: October 14, 2003Assignee: Bayer CorporationInventors: Dennis R. Conlon, Minna A. Rannikko, Kevin J. Sullivan, Robert B. Green
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Patent number: 6579722Abstract: A solid phase chemical sensor includes a polymer film which has a chemiluminescent reagent immobilized therein. The polymer film and chemiluminescent reagent are chosen to significantly enhance the selectivity of the sensor to the analyte in the gaseous phase to which the sensor is exposed. The sensor is then positioned so that, when exposed to the gaseous mixture, any chemiluminescence generated will be detected by a photomultiplier tube or other photoelectric device, such as a photodiode. The sensor is particularly useful in the detection of O2, N2H4, SO2, NO2, and halogenated hydrocarbons.Type: GrantFiled: July 10, 1995Date of Patent: June 17, 2003Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventors: Gregory Earl Collins, Susan L. Rose-Pehrsson
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Publication number: 20030109051Abstract: A spin-trapping assay for nitric oxide, in a biological system such as whole blood, uses as the spin trap a lipid-soluble nitrobenzene compound such as 2,6-dimethylnitrosobenzene.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 15, 2002Publication date: June 12, 2003Applicant: RANDOX LABORATORIES LTDInventors: Stephen Peter Fitzgerald, Lynne Hamilton, Paul Graham Winyard
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Publication number: 20030096314Abstract: We describe an improved method for generating sizable numbers of mature dendritic cells from nonproliferating progenitors in human blood. The first step or “priming” phase is a culture of T cell depleted mononuclear cells in medium supplemented with GM-CSF and IL-4 to produce immature dendritic cells. The second step or “differentiation” phase requires the exposure to dendritic cell maturation factor such as monocyte conditioned medium. Using this two-step approach, substantial yields are obtained. The dendritic cells derive from this method have all the features of mature cells. They include a stellate cell shape, nonadherence to plastic, and very strong T cell stimulatory activity. The mature dendritic cells produced according to this invention are useful for activating T cells.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 12, 1996Publication date: May 22, 2003Inventors: RALPH M. STEINMAN, NINA BHARDWAJ, GEROLD SCHULER
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Publication number: 20030068827Abstract: This invention relates to the field of optical chemical sensors which utilize indicator molecules to detect a particular analyte in a sample, wherein the indicator molecules produce a detectable response when exposed to the particular analyte to which the indicator molecule is sensitive. Specifically, this invention relates to the use of a matrix embedded within a membrane, where the matrix enhances the scattering of light and serves as a support which provides superior mechanical strength. The invention also relates to methods of using the improved sensor in conjunction with fiber optic probes.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 4, 2002Publication date: April 10, 2003Applicant: Ocean Optics, Inc.Inventors: Michael J. Morris, Mahmoud R. Shahriari
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Patent number: 6531320Abstract: A method of judging the redox (oxidation-reduction) in human blood plasma precisely in a short time using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy is provided. Also, a method of evaluating the functions of human kidneys, judging whether a dialysis is necessary, determining the dialysis time and judging the usefulness of dialysis materials is offered. First, a spin-trapping agent such as PBN is added to a human blood plasma, resulting in hydroxyl radicals in the plasma. The radicals are trapped and converted into a stable spin adduct (PBN-OH). The amount of the spin adduct is measured by an ESR spectrometer.Type: GrantFiled: February 3, 1999Date of Patent: March 11, 2003Inventors: Masahiro Kohno, Shigeru Ohwada
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Publication number: 20030017078Abstract: An optical sensor for determining an analyte, specifically oxygen, has a sensor matrix that is made up substantially of a fluoropolymer. The sensor matrix contains a luminescent indicator with a metal complex of ruthenium, rhenium, rhodium or iridium, and with at least one at least partially fluorinated ligand.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 7, 2002Publication date: January 23, 2003Inventors: Thilo Trapp, Klaus-Dieter Anders, Christian Huber, Ingo Klimant
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Publication number: 20030017612Abstract: Method for obtaining BOLD MRI images with allosteric effector compounds are disclosed. Methods for the determination of tumor oxygenation and for an optimal time for initiating radiation therapy are also disclosed.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 25, 2002Publication date: January 23, 2003Inventor: Michael Gerber
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Patent number: 6451608Abstract: A method for measuring luminol enhancing light emission without separating leukocytes and erythrocytes, that is, using whole blood and a method for measuring the number of leukocytes trapped by the capillary bed or the time required for leukocytes to pass through the capillary bed to thereby provide an effective index for ability of leukocytes to protect infection and for oxidative stress caused by leukocytes are provided.Type: GrantFiled: January 24, 2000Date of Patent: September 17, 2002Assignee: Director of National Food Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and FisheriesInventor: Yuji Kikuchi
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Patent number: 6436712Abstract: A method and apparatus according to the present invention monitors an emission gas, such as a carbon monoxide gas, from an emission source, such as a carbon monoxide source, by periodically sensing a concentration level of emission gas, such as carbon monoxide, in ambient air and generating a signal corresponding to the sensed concentration level of the emission gas. In response to the signal, a percent blood concentration value of the emission gas is determined. The calculated blood concentration value is compared to a threshold value, and if greater than the threshold value, the source of emission gas, such as carbon monoxide gas, is disabled. The blood concentration value can be determined on a predetermined time interval, and at least in part, can be based on a prior blood concentration value in combination with a current blood concentration value.Type: GrantFiled: May 21, 2001Date of Patent: August 20, 2002Assignee: General Motors CorporationInventors: James R. Yurgil, Guy E. LaFalce
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Patent number: 6395556Abstract: The present invention relates to the determination of the presence or concentration of an analyte in a sample by visual or electronic element, using polarization based sensing techniques (14) employing fluorescent sensing (11) and reference molecules (10).Type: GrantFiled: August 7, 2001Date of Patent: May 28, 2002Inventors: Joseph R. Lakowicz, Ignacy Gryczynski, Zygmunt Gryczynski
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Patent number: 6395555Abstract: A method is described for determining the effect of a drug or drugs on an attached culture of cells comprising (i) dissolving the phosphorescent compound, of known or predetermined quenching constant and lifetime at zero oxygen, in a culture medium at a selected temperature comprising an attached culture of test cells; (ii) introducing the drug(s), whose effect on the test cells is to be determined, into the culture medium; (iii) illuminating the culture medium with pulsed or modulated light at a level sufficient to cause the phosphorescent compound to emit measurable phosphorescence; (iv) measuring the emitted phosphorescence; and (v) calculating the phosphorescence lifetime and oxygen concentration gradient in the medium, thereby determining the effect of the drug on the respiration rate of the cells at the selected temperature. Apparatus for carrying out the method is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: October 14, 1999Date of Patent: May 28, 2002Inventors: David F. Wilson, Sergei A. Vinogradov
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Patent number: 6379969Abstract: A device for analyzing simultaneously multiple analytes in a fluid of unknown composition. The device includes a plurality of sensors, a light source for providing light to shine on the sensors, light detectors, and a processor. The sensors are exposed to a sample of the fluid of unknown composition. The plurality of sensors includes groups of sensors, each group targeting a specific analyte and including one or more sensors that contain an analyte-specific chemical that interacts more specifically with one analyte than with some other analytes to be analyzed. Each sensor in each group has a different chemical interacting with the analyte to target it. The light source shines light on the sensors of the plurality of sensors to cause light interaction with the sensors. The differences in the sensors lead to differences in the light interaction. The light detectors detects the light interaction by the sensors.Type: GrantFiled: March 2, 2000Date of Patent: April 30, 2002Assignee: Agilent Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Ganapati R. Mauze, Bo Curry
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Patent number: 6306609Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there are provided articles for use in non-invasive measurements of nitric oxide levels in a variety of fluid media, e.g., in mammalian body fluids. Articles according to the present invention comprise a nitric oxide trapping agent contained within a vessel, wherein the vessel comprises a semi-permeable membrane. Nitric oxide diffuses through the semi-permeable membrane and is trapped therein for subsequent quantitative analysis. Articles of the present invention are particularly useful in selectively detecting nitric oxide in the presence of other NOx species.Type: GrantFiled: March 22, 1999Date of Patent: October 23, 2001Assignees: Medinox, Inc., MCW Research Foundation, Inc.Inventor: Ching-San Lai
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Patent number: 6303386Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the temperature-compensated determination of chemical parameters, comprising: an optical temperature sensor which contains a temperature indicator that has a temperature-dependent afterglow time and/or luminous intensity and does not react with the surrounding medium; a chemical sensor which contains an indicator that is sensitive to a chemical parameter; means for stimulating the temperature indicator and the chemical indicator to luminesce; means for measuring the luminescence of the temperature indicator and of the chemical indicator; means for establishing an optical connection between indicator, excitation device and measuring equipment; means for detecting luminous radiation.Type: GrantFiled: June 24, 1998Date of Patent: October 16, 2001Assignee: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V.Inventors: Ingo Klimant, Gerhard Holst
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Publication number: 20010026775Abstract: The invention relates to an optochemical sensor consisting of a polymer matrix and a luminescent colorant material contained therein, whose emission power may be modified by the substances to be detected after being excited with electro-magnetic radiation. The polymer matrix is formed by at least one polymer, wherein no plasticizers have been added, which polymer contains phenyl groups in the main chain and may also be sterilized. the invention also relates to a method for producing the disclosed optochemical sensor, wherein a solution of a polymer is prepared, wherein 0,01 to 100 mMol luminescent colorant material per polymer is added to said solution and the mixture is solidified to obtain a homogenous membrane.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 12, 2001Publication date: October 4, 2001Inventors: Karin Biebernik, Franz Reininger, Wolfgang Trettnak
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Patent number: 6274086Abstract: A detection device for three-dimensional tissue oxygen measurement in animals and humans comprising an array of fiber optics effective for transmitting emitted phosphorescent light, and further comprising an array of phosphorescent detectors and an excitation light emitter, forming a matrix and effective for sequential introduction of pulses of excitation light from a plurality of sites in said matrix.Type: GrantFiled: October 30, 1998Date of Patent: August 14, 2001Assignee: The Trustees of the University of PennsylvaniaInventors: David F. Wilson, Sergei A. Vinogradov
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Patent number: 6254829Abstract: There is disclosed an optical sensor including a matrix containing a luminescence indicator whose luminescence may be quenched by oxygen. The optical sensor contains at least one agent capable of deactivating singlet oxygen and has an enhanced stability relative to oxygen.Type: GrantFiled: September 28, 1998Date of Patent: July 3, 2001Assignee: AVL Medical InstrumentsInventors: Paul Hartmann, Marco Jean Pierre Leiner
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Publication number: 20010001642Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the temperature-compensated determination of chemical parameters, comprising:Type: ApplicationFiled: June 24, 1998Publication date: May 24, 2001Applicant: Ingo Klimant et alInventors: INGO KLIMANT, GERHARD HOLST
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Patent number: 6214628Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, a method of conducting an assay of a sample containing an analyte of interest includes the step of forming a mixture so as to bring a metal-ligand complex into interactive proximity with the sample containing the analyte of interest. The mixture is irradiated with electromagnetic light energy so as to cause emission of light indicative of the analyte of interest. The emitted light is measured, and the measurement of the emitted light is utilized to measure the analyte of interest. The metal-ligand complex can be [Re(bcp)(CO)3(4-COOHPy)]+, [Os(phen)2(aphen)]2+, [Os(tpy)(triphos)]2+, [Os(tppz)2]2+, and [Os(ttpy)2]2+, or the like. Also, the present invention is directed to a metal-ligand complex of the formula [Re(bcp)(CO)3(4-COOHPy)]+.Type: GrantFiled: January 14, 1998Date of Patent: April 10, 2001Inventors: Joseph R. Lakowicz, Felix Castellano, Zakir Murtaza