Radioisotope (e.g., Radioimmunoassay, Etc.) Patents (Class 436/804)
  • Patent number: 4440863
    Abstract: This disclosure relates to assay of a glycoprotein component of human breast gross cystic disease fluid which has been designated GCDFP-15. This material is a useful marker in monitoring the efficacy of therapy in women with metastatic breast carcinoma and also in determining the maturity of the fetus in pregnant women. The assay for GCDEP-15 can also be used in conjunction with other assays for breast carcinoma such as an assay for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) whereby the utilization of both tests is more effective in monitoring for recurrence of disease than using either assay alone.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 13, 1981
    Date of Patent: April 3, 1984
    Assignee: Duke University
    Inventor: Darrow E. Haagensen, Jr.
  • Patent number: 4438207
    Abstract: An improved immunoassay for detecting cannabinoids is described. This immunoassay is characterized by utilizing, as reagents, antibody, .sup.125 I-radiolabeled antigen, an unlabeled antigen and an anion exchange resin for separation of labeled and unlabeled antigen. The iodinated tetrahydrocannabinol moiety is stabilized by the addition of small quantities of antioxidants such as butylated hydroxy toluene.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 13, 1981
    Date of Patent: March 20, 1984
    Assignee: Hoffmann-La Roche Inc.
    Inventors: Kenneth E. Fahrenholtz, John E. Heveran
  • Patent number: 4438209
    Abstract: Radioimunoassay methods for determining the concentration of fibrinopeptide A in plasma, anticoagulation reagents for use in such methods and package test kits containing the reagents for use in such methods are provided.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 17, 1981
    Date of Patent: March 20, 1984
    Assignee: Mallinckrodt, Inc.
    Inventor: Larry D. Mosier
  • Patent number: 4434237
    Abstract: A method for determining the pyrogenicity of a substance, comprising the step of incubating said substance in the presence of a cell mixture for at least 46 hours at 35.degree. to 39.degree. C., wherein the cell mixture comprises human lymphocytes and human monocytes with a cell ratio of lymphocytes to monocytes of at least 2:1 and a composition with respect to the total of all cells present comprising at least 15% monocytes and no more than 10% granulocytes and wherein the cells have a contact ratio of from 0.0 to 0.75.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 31, 1982
    Date of Patent: February 28, 1984
    Inventor: Charles A. Dinarello
  • Patent number: 4433058
    Abstract: Diagnostic assays are provided employing a naturally occurring membrane receptor for a compound of interest and a labeled antagonist and providing for competition between the antagonist and a sample suspected of containing the compound of interest. By measuring the partition of the labeled antagonist between the receptor and the liquid aqueous assay medium, the value can be related to the amount of compound of interest in the assay medium. Specifically, a membrane from electric ray organ is used as a source of acetylcholine receptor and labeled .alpha.-bungarotoxin is used as the antagonist. The assay medium containing the sample and .alpha.-bungarotoxin is combined with the water insoluble membrane, the membrane isolated, washed, and the amount of labeled .alpha.-bungarotoxin bound to the membrane determined. By employing samples having a known amount of acetylcholine, the measured signal can be related to the amount of acetylcholine in the sample.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 23, 1981
    Date of Patent: February 21, 1984
    Assignee: The Regents of the University of California
    Inventor: James W. Deutsch
  • Patent number: 4433061
    Abstract: An improved radioimmunoassay for the determination of cyclic nucleotides in body fluids which comprises adding a source of divalent cation prior to assay minimizes the effects of both endogenous calcium ion and EDTA used as an anticoagulant in blood plasma samples.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 1, 1981
    Date of Patent: February 21, 1984
    Assignee: American Hospital Supply Corporation
    Inventor: Chih-Sheng Chiang
  • Patent number: 4431743
    Abstract: A method for determination of a steroid such as dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DS) in a sample of a human body liquid wherein the liquid sample is transferred to a sheet of microfilter paper and dried before being treated with an aqueous solvent to obtain a mixture wherein the dried body liquid is substantially redissolved in the aqueous solution. The mixture is contacted with an aqueous solution of an agent capable of selectively binding the steroid in the presence of a radioisotopically labeled form of steriod whereby part of the labeled steroid and part of the unlabeled steroid present in the sample are bound by forming a complex with the binding agent. Bound steroids are separated from unbound steroids in the aqueous solution and the radioactivity of at least the separated binding agent-steroids-complex or the unbound steroids is performed to determine the concentration of the hormone as a function of measured radioactivity. Additionally, a means for performing the method is disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 28, 1980
    Date of Patent: February 14, 1984
    Assignee: Cornell Research Foundation, Inc.
    Inventors: Songja Pang, Maria New
  • Patent number: 4431742
    Abstract: A radioreceptor assay for benzodiazepines in saliva which comprises measuring the diminution of attachment of a known quantity of radio labeled benzodiazepine to a receptor carrier in the presence of an unknown quantity of unlabeled benzodiazepine in a known amount of human saliva. Benzodiazepines are selected from the following oft-utilized drugs which are also representative types of benzodiazepine; namely, diazepam (Valium), chlordiazepoxide (Librium), nitrazepam (Benzalin), oxazepam (Serax), flurazepam (Dalmane), and clorazepate.Competitive receptors suitable for the present benzodiazepine radioreceptor assay are from fresh rat frontal cortex. Utilizable receptors are whole brain cortex, human cortex, and striatum.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 30, 1981
    Date of Patent: February 14, 1984
    Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Department of Health and Human Services
    Inventor: Jack E. Rosenblatt
  • Patent number: 4430318
    Abstract: An improved method for the preparation of .sup.125 I-labelled Protein A (.sup.125 I PA) of high specific and functional activity. .sup.125 I PA has been used in combination with purified rabbit IgG (immunoglobulin G) bound to a solid support to develop a competitive binding assay capable of detecting Protein A or human, rabbit and guinea pig IgG at the nanogram level. Additionally, .sup.125 I PA may be used to detect methotrexate, leucovorin and similar substances..sup.125 I PA has also been used to detect IgG anti-Forssman antibody bound to sheep erythrocytes and to line-1 and line-10 tumor cells and as an indirect assay for tumor associated antigen in the ascitic fluid of tumor-bearing guinea pigs.Additionally, an improved method of preparation of iodination of Protein A is utilized. This procedure used the Bolton-Hunter (1973) reagent of radioactive iodine in benzene which carrier is evaporated.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 1, 1981
    Date of Patent: February 7, 1984
    Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Department of Health and Human Services
    Inventor: John J. Langone
  • Patent number: 4427783
    Abstract: An improved immunoassay for the polypeptide hormone thymosin .alpha..sub.1 is described. The assay employs an improved antibody which is elicited by an immunogen which has been prepared by coupling [Tyr.sup.1 ]-thymosin .alpha..sub.1 to an immunogenic carrier protein using a bifunctional diazonium coupling agent.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 14, 1981
    Date of Patent: January 24, 1984
    Assignee: Hoffmann-La Roche Inc.
    Inventors: Edward Newman, A. Hirotoshi Nishikawa, Herbert E. Spiegel, Julia Symington
  • Patent number: 4427780
    Abstract: Vitamin-containing multicomponent compositions are assayed to determine the extent of conversion of the vitamin to one or more analogues thereof due to interaction between the vitamin and the other components of the composition, employing a radioactive labeled form of the vitamin. The assay is useful for quality control in the manufacture of multivitamin and multivitamin-mineral formulations and vitamin-supplemented foods intended for human or animal ingestion.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 13, 1981
    Date of Patent: January 24, 1984
    Assignee: University Patents, Inc.
    Inventor: Robert H. Allen
  • Patent number: 4426453
    Abstract: Novel amides of an iodothyronine compound such as tri-iodothyronine (T3) or thyroxine (T4) with an aminoacetic acid compound such as nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) may be labelled, e.g. radioactively labelled with I-125, to give labelled derivatives useful in assays of a free thyroid hormone in a biological fluid which also contains the thyroid hormone bound to one or more natural binders. The novel compound T4 EDTA is shown to bind much more strongly to antibodies to T4 than to the natural protein binders in the biological fluid.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 27, 1981
    Date of Patent: January 17, 1984
    Assignee: Amersham International Limited
    Inventors: Gavin M. Cree, Terence A. Wilkins, Reginald Monks, David P. Nowotnik
  • Patent number: 4424201
    Abstract: A method for the detection of malignant leukocytic cells which comprises:contacting a fluid containing malignant leukocytic cells with a merocyanine dye of the formula: ##STR1## wherein n=1-5; X=0 or S; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 alkyl groups:wherein said dye is incorporated into said cells; separating the cells from the incubation mixture; and detecting said dyed cells. Fluorescence or radioactivity detection methods are preferred detecting means.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 28, 1978
    Date of Patent: January 3, 1984
    Assignee: Rockefeller University
    Inventors: Jay E. Valinsky, Edward Reich, Thomas G. Easton
  • Patent number: 4423154
    Abstract: A serum sample is heated at an alkaline pH to release folate and vitamin B.sub.12 from endogenous binders. A simultaneous radioassay for folate and vitamin B.sub.12 is effected by contacting the sample with binder for folate, binder for vitamin B.sub.12, folate labeled with one radioactive isotope and vitamin B.sub.12 labeled with another radioactive isotope, followed by separation of bound and free portions, and determination of the radioactivity of at least one of the portions. The amounts of folate and vitamin B.sub.12 present in the sample may be determined from standard curves.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 12, 1981
    Date of Patent: December 27, 1983
    Assignee: Becton Dickinson and Company
    Inventors: Sidney Gutcho, Lillian Mansbach
  • Patent number: 4423144
    Abstract: A new radioenzymatic assay for catecholamines utilizing the catechol-O-methyl transferase transfer of a methyl group from a labeled methyl donor to the catecholamines followed by isolation of the O-methylated(H)catecholamine and the subsequent measurement of radioactivity.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 2, 1981
    Date of Patent: December 27, 1983
    Assignee: The Upjohn Company
    Inventors: Garland A. Johnson, Jacob D. Peuler
  • Patent number: 4418151
    Abstract: Competitive protein binding radioassay for sera (or cell) vitamin B.sub.12 and/or serum folate (target components, or analytes) or other target components in liquid ambient utilizing a highly alkaline (pH 12-14) environment and reducing agent for denaturing separating the target component(s) from serum without boiling, consistent with other requirements of such assays, then reducing pH to an 8-10 range for effecting the competitive protein binding after which protein bound and unbound groups of radioactively tagged replicates of the target component(s) can be separated and detected to determine content of the target component(s) in the original serum (or cell), i.e. original endogenous analyte(s).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 30, 1981
    Date of Patent: November 29, 1983
    Assignee: Rohm and Haas Company
    Inventors: Ronald R. Forand, Edward T. Menz, Jr.
  • Patent number: 4410506
    Abstract: Immunoassay and compositions therefore for detection of human vitamin K-dependent bone protein. Heterologous labeled vitamin K-dependent protein or antigenic fragment thereof is employed with antibodies to the protein in an assay for the protein in various physiological fluids for bone extracts. The assay may be used in the diagnosis of bone diseases, by itself or in conjunction with an alkaline phosphatase assay.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 24, 1981
    Date of Patent: October 18, 1983
    Assignee: The Regents of the University of California
    Inventors: Paul A. Price, Satoru K. Nishimoto
  • Patent number: 4410633
    Abstract: An immunoassay for the measurement of free thyroid hormone, i.e., thyroxine or 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine, in a liquid sample in which the thyroid hormone is present in both free and combined states, which immunoassay comprises the steps of:A. combining the sample with a labeled thyroid hormone-horseradish peroxidase conjugate which does not significantly interact with the thyroxine-binding globulin and thyroxine-binding prealbumin originally present in the sample and immobilized antibody which is specific for the thyroid hormone;B. incubating the resulting mixture;C. separating a solid phase from the liquid phase; andD. measuring the amount of labeled thyroid hormone-horseradish peroxidase conjugate present in either phase by means of the activity of the label.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 22, 1980
    Date of Patent: October 18, 1983
    Assignee: Corning Glass Works
    Inventors: William Hertl, Frank B. Ward, Howard H. Weetall
  • Patent number: 4410634
    Abstract: The method comprises covalently binding an immuno-reactive to a selected macromolecular carrier and then contacting the resulting hapten-carrier conjugate at a selected concentration in a liquid phase with a selected solid phase until a desired amount of the hapten-carrier conjugate is adsorbed to the surface of the solid phase. Unbound hapten-carrier conjugate is then separated from the solid phase, and the solid phase containing the bound hapten-carrier conjugate is recovered for use in quantitative immunoassays and the like. The solid phase can be, for example, surfaces of a test tube or microtiter well or the like. The method is simple and inexpensive and permits hapten assays of improved sensitivity.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 12, 1981
    Date of Patent: October 18, 1983
    Assignee: Dynasciences Corporation
    Inventors: Harold R. Cooper, Andrew O'Beirne
  • Patent number: 4402934
    Abstract: A method for diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis and related diseases comprises determination of polyclonal lymphocyte activation in B-cells cultured in the presence of patient serum. A diagnostic kit is also provided.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 30, 1980
    Date of Patent: September 6, 1983
    Inventors: Marius C. Teodorescu, John L. Skosey, Jin-Lai Chang
  • Patent number: 4399228
    Abstract: Improvement in a competitive protein binding assay for N-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid wherein any folate standard used is N-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid complexed with folate binder protein. The protein of the complex is destroyed prior to the addition of immobilized folate binder protein. The immobilized folate binder protein participates in competitive binding with unknown folate and labeled folate reagents.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 30, 1981
    Date of Patent: August 16, 1983
    Assignee: Corning Glass Works
    Inventor: Louis J. Riceberg
  • Patent number: 4399229
    Abstract: A stabilized radioimmunoassay product consisting of an antibody protein-bound to the cell wall of a selected bacterium whereby the antibody is irreversibly bound to the protein and remains specific for the antigen against which it was developed. The radioimmunoassay product is also characterized by the fact that the resultant complete product includes a phase of serum protein treatment to isolate the protein sites or other sites of nonspecific reactivity with the labelled antigen such that the non-specific binding of labelled antigen is significantly reduced. Also within the contemplation of the invention is the method of manufacturing the radioimmunoassay product which includes the initial phase of protein binding of the antibody to the selected bacterium and the subsequent serum treatment to isolate previously unutilized protein sites such that when said sites are subsequently exposed to labelled antigen it will be rejected.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 14, 1980
    Date of Patent: August 16, 1983
    Assignee: Immutron, Inc.
    Inventors: Arden A. Kelton, Michael L. Bell, Roy A. Chung
  • Patent number: 4387086
    Abstract: The invention relates to an antiserum suitable for the determination of thioridazine in blood, blood plasma and urine, the use of the antiserum and a process of determining thioridazine in blood, blood plasma or urine with the aid of this specific antiserum.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 8, 1980
    Date of Patent: June 7, 1983
    Assignee: Sandoz Ltd.
    Inventor: Joachim Rosenthaler
  • Patent number: 4382074
    Abstract: An indirect, non-destructive, quantitative assay for the presence of antigens or antibodies in a biological fluid. The assay is based on the interfunctional behavior of a known biological material with the material whose presence is quantitatively sought. In the assay, the known biological material by a correlative action links two discreet interfunctional particles together within a zone of activation with one of the particles emitting light-pulses upon bombardment of electrons from the other particle within the zone of activation. Depending upon which presence is sought to be measured, i.e.; antigen or antibody, the detectable light-pulses give one measurement which gives the ultimate quantitative measurement of the presence of either an antibody or antigen in the biological fluid after their initial interfunctional behavior one to the other. The interfunctional behavior itself is conventional and known in the art.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 4, 1980
    Date of Patent: May 3, 1983
    Inventor: Hiram Hart
  • Patent number: 4379779
    Abstract: A hapten is obtained by replacing the 3-hydroxy group of equilin with HO--CO--A--O-- wherein A is an alkylene of one to six carbon atoms. The hapten is conjugated with an immunological carrier to provide an immunogen, which in turn produces a specific antiserum to equilin. The antiserum is used in a radioimmunoassay for equilin.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 29, 1980
    Date of Patent: April 12, 1983
    Assignee: American Home Products Corporation
    Inventors: Pemmaraju N. Rao, Robert H. Purdy, Perry H. Moore, Jr.
  • Patent number: 4379780
    Abstract: A hapten is obtained by replacing the 3-hydroxy group of 17 .alpha.-dihydroequilin with HO--CO--A--O-- wherein A is an alkylene of one to six carbon atoms. The hapten is conjugated with an immunological carrier to provide an immunogen, which in turn produces a specific antiserum to 17 .alpha.-dihydroequilin. The antiserum is used in a radioimmunoassay for 17 .alpha.-dihydroequilin.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 29, 1980
    Date of Patent: April 12, 1983
    Assignee: American Home Products Corporation
    Inventor: Pemmaraju N. Rao