Silicon Containing Patents (Class 44/320)
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Patent number: 12091618Abstract: Mixtures of certain olefin-carboxylic acid copolymers (A) with at least one additive with detergent action, preferably at least one quaternary nitrogen compound (B), and optionally further fuel additives, are useful for improving or boosting the separation of water from fuel oils and gasoline fuels.Type: GrantFiled: November 12, 2021Date of Patent: September 17, 2024Assignee: BASF SEInventors: Matthias Zorn, Harald Boehnke
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Patent number: 11377611Abstract: Disclosed are organomodified polysiloxanes, compositions, in particular fuel compositions, that include these organomodified polysiloxanes, and the use of the organomodified polysiloxanes for the defoaming of fuels.Type: GrantFiled: January 7, 2020Date of Patent: July 5, 2022Assignee: Evonik Operations GmbHInventors: Jörg Peggau, Frauke Henning, Andrea Lohse
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Patent number: 9982208Abstract: The present disclosure provides a diesel fuel composition containing DMC and multifunctional additives to reduce particulate emission, improve efficiency and be used in cold and/or hypoxia conditions.Type: GrantFiled: October 14, 2015Date of Patent: May 29, 2018Assignee: YASHENTECH CORPORATIONInventors: Youqi Wang, Ziyun Li, Guoming Zhang, Zhijian Li, Gary Wuqi Cao
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Patent number: 9920078Abstract: Compounds and method of preparation of Si—X and Ge—X compounds (X?N, P, As and Sb) via dehydrogenative coupling between the corresponding unsubstituted silanes and amines (including ammonia) or phosphines catalyzed by metallic catalysts is described. This new approach is based on the catalytic dehydrogenative coupling of a Si—H and a X—H moiety to form a Si—X containing compound and hydrogen gas (X?N, P, As and Sb). The process can be catalyzed by transition metal heterogenous catalysts such as Ru(0) on carbon, Pd(0) on MgO) as well as transition metal organometallic complexes that act as homogeneous catalysts. The —Si—X products produced by dehydrogenative coupling are inherently halogen free. Said compounds can be useful for the deposition of thin films by chemical vapor deposition or atomic layer deposition of Si-containing films.Type: GrantFiled: August 24, 2016Date of Patent: March 20, 2018Assignee: L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges ClaudeInventors: Antonio Sanchez, Gennadiy Itov, Peng Zhang, Matthew Damien Stephens, Manish Khandelwal
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Patent number: 9627671Abstract: A method is provided for forming a metal battery electrode with a pyrolyzed coating. The method provides a metallorganic compound of metal (Me) and materials such as carbon (C), sulfur (S), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), and combinations of the above-listed materials, expressed as MeXCYNZSXXOYY, where Me is a metal such as tin (Sn), antimony (Sb), or lead (Pb), or a metal alloy. The method heats the metallorganic compound, and as a result of the heating, decomposes materials in the metallorganic compound. In one aspect, decomposing the materials in the metallorganic compound includes forming a chemical reaction between the Me particles and the materials. An electrode is formed of Me particles coated by the materials. In another aspect, the Me particles coated with a material such as a carbide, a nitride, a sulfide, or combinations of the above-listed materials.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 2014Date of Patent: April 18, 2017Assignee: Sharp Laboratories of America, Inc.Inventors: Yuhao Lu, Long Wang, Jong-Jan Lee
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Patent number: 9103261Abstract: A device and method for adjusting dosage of a fuel additive is described. The device includes a fuel reservoir and an additive reservoir. A variable-flow pump is used to pump the additive into contact with the fuel to create a combined fluid. An ESR sensor is positioned downstream from the pump and fuel reservoir such that a portion of the combined fluid passes through the ESR sensor, which measures the concentration of contaminants and fuel additive in the fuel. Based on the concentrations, a controller controls the rate at which the fuel additive is pumped, thereby adjusting the dosage of the fuel additive.Type: GrantFiled: April 26, 2011Date of Patent: August 11, 2015Assignee: Active Spectrum, Inc.Inventors: James R. White, Colin T. Elliott
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Publication number: 20140227548Abstract: There are disclosed energetic nanoparticle compositions and materials containing silicon and other energetic elements, and methods of manufacturing the same, including reacting silicon nanoparticles and unsaturated alkene or alkyne to form covalently bonded surface coatings passivated against surface oxidation, for combination with a fuel, explosive or oxidizer.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 25, 2014Publication date: August 14, 2014Inventor: James J. Myrick
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Patent number: 8507565Abstract: The invention relates to a method for separating emulsions of oil and water, the method comprising incorporating a demulsifying-effective amount of a polyorganosiloxane demulsifier into an emulsion comprising an oil phase and an aqueous phase. The invention also relates to compositions containing polyorganosiloxane demulsifier and the water and oil phases of an emulsion.Type: GrantFiled: June 14, 2011Date of Patent: August 13, 2013Assignee: Momentive Performance Material Inc.Inventors: Anubhav Saxena, Monjit Phukan, Senthilkumar U., Ian Procter, Sigfredo Gonzalez, Kalman Koczo, Sabine Azouani, Vikram Kumar
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Publication number: 20130020051Abstract: A liquid fuel includes a hydrocarbon-based liquid fuel and an additive mixed with the hydrocarbon-based liquid fuel. The additive includes an endothermic fuel-cracking catalyst.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 22, 2011Publication date: January 24, 2013Inventor: He Huang
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Publication number: 20120222348Abstract: C5- to C15-alkanols are suitable for improving the defoamer action of a silicon-containing anti-foam in fuel oils, especially in biofuel oils, which comprise at least one additive with detergent action. Such alkanols are used in additive concentrates which also comprise aromatic hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures having a boiling point of 100 to 250° C. or C5- to C12-alkyl nitrates, and also silicon-containing antifoams, additives with detergent action and optionally commercial dehazers.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 28, 2012Publication date: September 6, 2012Applicant: BASF SEInventor: Harald Böhnke
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Publication number: 20120142535Abstract: The present invention provides for a composition comprising a siloxane having the formula: M1DM2 wherein M1=(R1)(R2)(R3)SiO1/2; M2=(R4)(R5)(R6)SiO1/2 and D=(R7)(Z)SiO2/2 where R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are each independently selected from the group consisting of 1 to 4 carbon monovalent hydrocarbon radicals, aryl, and a hydrocarbon group of 4 to 9 carbons containing an aryl group; Z is a pendant hydrophilic ionic group selected from the group consisting of R8—RA, R9-RC, and R10—RZ; RA being an anionic substituent, RC a cationic substituent or RZ a zwitterionic substituent on the D group wherein said siloxane has an enhanced resistance to hydrolysis at a pH below 6 or a pH above 7.5.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 3, 2011Publication date: June 7, 2012Inventors: MARK D. LEATHERMAN, George A. Policello, Wenqing N. Peng, Liping Zheng, Roland Wagner, Suresh K. Rajaraman, Zijun Xia
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Publication number: 20120102822Abstract: A fuel additive comprising a sol containing particles of at least one inorganic-metallic component and at least one organo-metallic component stabilized in a suitable hydrocarbon medium. The components are formed as a metal complex wherein the metallic element comprises at least one metal selected from the elements of Groups VIII to XI in the Periodic Table, preferably platinum, cobalt, nickel, copper, gold, rhodium or, most preferably, palladium. The organo component is an alkyl carboxylate, preferably acetate, and the inorganic component is derived from silicon, titanium, aluminum, and preferably silicate. The additive is preferably formed by (a) forming an aqueous solution of at least one metallic component; (b) forming a colloid of organo-metallic and inorganic-metallic components from said solution; and (c) extracting at least some of the metallic colloidal components from the aqueous solution using a suitable hydrocarbon medium under controlled PH, temperature and time.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 16, 2006Publication date: May 3, 2012Inventors: Robert R. Holcomb, Lou Basenese
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Patent number: 8030363Abstract: The invention relates to a method for separating emulsions of oil and water, the method comprising incorporating a demulsifying-effective amount of a polyorganosiloxane demulsifier into an emulsion comprising an oil phase and an aqueous phase. The invention also relates to compositions containing polyorganosiloxane demulsifier and the water and oil phases of an emulsion.Type: GrantFiled: January 25, 2008Date of Patent: October 4, 2011Assignee: Momentive Performance Materials Inc.Inventors: Anubhav Saxena, Monjit Phukan, Umapathy Senthilkumar, Ian Procter, Sigfredo Gonzalez, Kalman Koczo, Sabine Azouani, Vikram Kumar
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Publication number: 20110099890Abstract: Disclosed are novel engineered fuel feed stocks, feed stocks produced by the described processes, methods of making the fuel feed stocks, methods of producing energy from the fuel feed stocks. Components derived from processed MSW waste streams can be used to make such feed stocks which are substantially free of glass, metals, grit and noncombustibles and contain a sorbent. These feed stocks are useful for a variety of purposes including as gasification and combustion fuels. In addition, one or more sorbents can be added to the feed stocks in order to reduce the amount of a variety of pollutants present in traditional fuel and feed stocks, including, but not limited, sulfur and chlorine. Further, these feed stocks with added sorbent can mitigate corrosion, improve fuel conversion, extend power generating plant lifetime, reduce ash slagging, and reduced operating temperature.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 19, 2010Publication date: May 5, 2011Inventors: James W. Bohlig, Dingrong Bai
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Publication number: 20110034357Abstract: To provide a novel composition useful as lubricant composition or the like. It is disclosed a composition comprising an oily medium and at least one compound represented by following formula (Z). A-L-{D1-(E)q-D2-(B)m—Z1—R}p??(Z) A represents a p-valent chain or cyclic residue; L represents a single bond or a divalent linking group; p represents an integer of 2 or more; D1 represents a carbonyl group (—C(?O)—) or a sulfonyl group (—S(?O)2—); D2 represents a carbonyl group (—C(?O)—), a sulfonyl group (—S(?O)2—), a carboxyl group (—C(?O)O—), a sulfonyloxyl group (—S(?O)2O—), a carbamoyl group (—C(?O)N(Alk) or a sulfamoyl group (—S(?O)2N(Alk)-); E represents a divalent group; R represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or non-substituted C8 or longer alkyl group, a perfluoroalkyl group or a trialkylsilyl group; B represents an oxyethylene group or the like; and Z1 represents a single bond or a divalent group.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 27, 2009Publication date: February 10, 2011Inventors: Ken Kawata, Saisuke Watanabe
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Patent number: 7803200Abstract: The present invention provides a fuel additive composition, and more particularly, to the fuel additive composition comprising hydrogen peroxide, silicate, borax, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, and water. When the fuel additive composition of the present invention is added to fuels such as coal, oil, gas and etc., it stimulates fuel combustion, induces the complete combustion of fuel, and increases the heat transfer by preventing clinker formation and fouling in combustion apparatus. In particular, when the fuel additive composition is added to the coal, it increases a pulverizing efficiency in pre-treatment process, thereby facilitating supply of the coal to combustion apparatus advantageously.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 2007Date of Patent: September 28, 2010Inventor: Mi-Hye Oh
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Patent number: 7635398Abstract: A method of purifying a biodiesel fuel by contacting the biodiesel fuel with at least one adsorbent material, such as magnesium silicate. Such method removes impurities, such as soap, formed during the production of biodiesel fuels.Type: GrantFiled: October 1, 2004Date of Patent: December 22, 2009Assignee: The Dallas Group of America, Inc.Inventors: Bryan Bertram, Christopher Abrams, Brian S. Cooke
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Patent number: 7572303Abstract: A fuel composition of the present invention exhibits minimized hydrolysis and increased fuel stability, even after extended storage at 65° F. for 6-9 months. The composition, which is preferably not strongly alkaline (3.0 to 10.5), is more preferably weakly alkaline to mildly acidic (4.5 to 8.5) and most preferably slightly acidic (6.3 to 6.8), includes a lower dialkyl carbonate, a combustion improving amount of at least one high heating combustible compound containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, boron, bromine, bismuth, beryllium, calcium, cesium, chromium, cobalt, copper, francium, gallium, germanium, iodine, iron, indium, lithium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, niobium, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, palladium, rubidium, sodium, tin, zinc, praseodymium, rhenium, silicon, vanadium, or mixture, and a hydrocarbon base fuel.Type: GrantFiled: November 24, 2003Date of Patent: August 11, 2009Assignee: Octane International, Ltd.Inventor: William C. Orr
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Publication number: 20090056202Abstract: The present invention provides a fuel additive composition, and more particularly, to the fuel additive composition comprising hydrogen peroxide, silicate, borax, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, and water. When the fuel additive composition of the present invention is added to fuels such as coal, oil, gas and etc., it stimulates fuel combustion, induces the complete combustion of fuel, and increases the heat transfer by preventing clinker formation and fouling in combustion apparatus. In particular, when the fuel additive composition is added to the coal, it increases a pulverizing efficiency in pre-treatment process, thereby facilitating supply of the coal to combustion apparatus advantageously.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 5, 2007Publication date: March 5, 2009Inventor: Mi-Hye OH
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Publication number: 20090007483Abstract: The invention relates to organofunctionally modified polysiloxanes and to their use for defoaming liquid fuels, especially diesel fuels and diesel fuels to which biofuels have been added.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 1, 2008Publication date: January 8, 2009Inventors: Rene Hansel, Andreas Vetter, Sascha Herrwerth, Andrea Lohse, Joachim Venzmer
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Publication number: 20080245358Abstract: Chemical heating using a first reactant, a second reactant and a complexing agent adapted to complex reversibly with the first reactant and, thereby moderate the reaction between the first and second reactants. The heating formula is particularly well suited for heaters that are used to heat materials having relatively high viscosities.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 26, 2006Publication date: October 9, 2008Applicant: Tempra Technology, Inc.Inventors: Michael Sheppard Bolmer, Kevin J. Pitz
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Patent number: 7399734Abstract: A composition is disclosed that comprises: (A) a lubricant or a hydrocarbon fuel, and (B) at least one polysiloxane of the formula: MwD?xDyM?z where: w is 2-z; x is 0 to 50; y is 0 to 500; z is 0 to 2; M=Si(CH3)3—O—; M?=R1—Si(CH3)2O—; D=—Si(CH3)2O—; D?=—Si(CH3)(R1)O—; and R1 is an aliphatic or aromatic moiety linked to at least one silicon atom from siloxane and comprising at least one heteroatom.Type: GrantFiled: July 16, 2004Date of Patent: July 15, 2008Assignee: Crompton CorporationInventors: Wojciech Grabowski, Cyril A. Migdal, Stephen Hull
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Publication number: 20080127551Abstract: Hypergolic liquid or gel fuel mixtures utilized in bipropellant propulsion systems are disclosed as replacements for fuels containing toxic mono-methylhydrazine. The fuel mixtures include one or more amine azides mixed with one or more tertiary diamine, tri-amine or tetra-amine compounds. The fuel mixtures include N,N,N?,N?-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) mixed with 2-N,N-dimethylaminoethylazide (DMAZ), TMEDA mixed with tris(2-azidoethyl)amine (TAEA), and TMEDA mixed with one or more cyclic amine azides. Each hypergolic fuel mixture provides a reduced ignition delay for combining with an oxidant in fuel propellant systems. The fuel mixtures have advantages in reduced ignition delay times compared to ignition delay times for each unmixed component, providing a synergistic effect which was not predictable from review of each component's composition.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 30, 2006Publication date: June 5, 2008Applicant: United States of America, represented by Secretary of the U.S. ArmyInventors: William H. Stevenson, III, LaShanda D. Felton, Zhu Slocum-Wang
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Patent number: 7314493Abstract: Fuel mixtures for direct methanol fuel cells are disclosed. The fuels include methanol and additives that react with water to produce methanol and other easily electro-oxidizable compounds including dimethyloxymethane, methylorthoformate, tetramethylorthocarbonate, trimethylborate, and tetramethylorthosilicate. Other additives to improve safety and efficiency of the fuel cell include sulfonated activated carbon particles and metal hydrides, such as LiAlH4, NaBH4, LiBH4, (CH3)2 NHBH3, NaAlH4, B2H6, NaCNBH3, CaH2, LiH, NaH, KH or sodium bis (2-methoxyethoxy) dihydridaluminate.Type: GrantFiled: October 17, 2003Date of Patent: January 1, 2008Assignee: The Gillette CompanyInventors: Xiaoming Ren, Kevin J. Shufon, Frank W. Kovacs
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Patent number: 7157611Abstract: A method for marking a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon. The method comprises adding to the liquid petroleum hydrocarbon a pyrazinoporphyrazine dye having an absorption maximum from 700 nm to 900 nm.Type: GrantFiled: June 19, 2003Date of Patent: January 2, 2007Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: Rajiv Manohar Banavali, Kim Sang Ho
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Patent number: 6887835Abstract: Lubricants, especially lubricating oils, and fuels, especially hydrocarbon fuels, contain a class of anti-wear, anti-fatigue, and extreme pressure additives that are derived from silanes. The additives can be used as either partial or complete replacements for zinc dialkyldithiophosphates currently used in lubricants and fuels.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 2003Date of Patent: May 3, 2005Assignee: Crompton CorporationInventors: Cyril A. Migdal, Robert G. Rowland, David J. Sikora, Frederick D. Osterholtz
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Publication number: 20040237384Abstract: A fuel composition of the present invention exhibits minimized hydrolysis and increased fuel stability, even after extended storage at 65° F. for 6-9 months. The composition, which is preferably not strongly alkaline (3.0 to 10.5), is more preferably weakly alkaline to mildly acidic (4.5 to 8.5) and most preferably slightly acidic (6.3 to 6.8), includes a lower dialkyl carbonate, a combustion improving amount of at least one high heating combustible compound containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, boron, bromine, bismuth, beryllium, calcium, cesium, chromium, cobalt, copper, francium, gallium, germanium, iodine, iron, indium, lithium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, niobium, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, palladium, rubidium, sodium, tin, zinc, praseodymium, rhenium, silicon, vanadium, or mixture, and a hydrocarbon base fuel.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 24, 2003Publication date: December 2, 2004Inventor: William C. Orr
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Patent number: 6729872Abstract: A method for protecting a SiO2 coating on defining surfaces of a combustion chamber and a combustion device containing the protection. Accordingly, an additive is introduced into the combustion chamber, which increases the SiO content of the exhaust gas, arising from a combustion process. The SiO content helps protect walls of the combustion chamber formed with the SiO2 coating.Type: GrantFiled: November 5, 2002Date of Patent: May 4, 2004Assignee: Siemens AktiengesellschaftInventor: Manfred Kobusch
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Publication number: 20040079925Abstract: A fuel additive is directed to preventing slagging, a phenomenon caused by the ash in a fuel particularly during the combustion of a fuel having such a large ash content as is typically found in coal or oil coke, for example. It is formed of a composition having one or more compounds selected from among aluminum compounds, silica compounds, titanium compounds and zirconium compounds invariably of the form of ultrafine particles having a particle diameter in the range of 3 to 200 nm and no less than 2 wt. % of an alkali metal (R═Na or K) compound as reduced to the R2O concentration dispersed in a stable state in water and/or oil. When a liquid fuel oil and/or a solid fuel is made to incorporate the fuel additive therein and then subjected to combustion, the deposited ash can be easily peeled and shed from the surface of the furnace wall or the water pipes.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 23, 2003Publication date: April 29, 2004Inventors: Masaki Shouji, Teruo Onozawa, Shigeru Nakai
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Patent number: 6652608Abstract: A fuel composition of the present invention exhibits minimized hydrolysis and increased fuel stability, even after extended storage at 65° F. for 6-9 months. The composition, which is preferably not strongly alkaline (3.0 to 10.5), is more preferably weakly alkaline to mildly acidic (4.5 to 8.5) and most preferably slightly acidic (6.3 to 6.8), includes a lower dialkyl carbonate, a combustion improving amount of at least one high heating combustible compound containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, boron, bromine, bismuth, beryllium, calcium, cesium, chromium, cobalt, copper, francium, gallium, germanium, iodine, iron, indium, lithium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, niobium, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, palladium, rubidium, sodium, tin, zinc, praseodymium, rhenium, silicon, vanadium, or mixture, and a hydrocarbon base fuel.Type: GrantFiled: December 8, 1997Date of Patent: November 25, 2003Inventor: William C. Orr
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Patent number: 6517341Abstract: While silicon-containing ceramics or ceramic composites are prone to material loss in combustion gas environments, this invention introduces a method to prevent or greatly reduce the thickness loss by injecting directly an effective amount, generally in the part per million level, of silicon or silicon-containing compounds into the combustion gases.Type: GrantFiled: February 26, 1999Date of Patent: February 11, 2003Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Milivoj Konstantin Brun, Krishan Lal Luthra
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Publication number: 20020129542Abstract: The present invention relates to diesel fuel and lubrication oil defoaming agents, and crude oil demulsifiers, as well as methods for using same. In particular, the defoaming agents and demulsifiers are comprised of copolymers which have structures constituting a backbone of polysiloxane onto which is grafted an organic group. These structures comprise a polymer of the formula MDxD′yD″zM, where M is O0.5Si(CH3)3, D is a OSi(CH3)2, D′ is OSi(CH3)R, D″ is OSi(CH3)R′, R is a polyhydric C6-C28 organic group, R′ is a phenol derivative or a long chain aliphatic group or polyethers, z is between 0 and 80, x+y+z is between 10-200, x/z is ≧1, and x/(y+z) is between about 1 and about 5, or formula M′DaM′ where M′ is O0.5Si(CH3)2R, a is between 4-10, and R and D are the same as defined above.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 28, 2002Publication date: September 19, 2002Inventors: Wojciech Grabowski, Rolf Haubrichs
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Patent number: 6302929Abstract: An aqueous fuel having at least two phases for an internal combustion engine with 20-80 vol. % water, carbonaceous fuel, 2 to less than 20 vol. % alcohol, about 0.3 to 1 vol. % of a nonionic emulsifier, and which may contain up to about 0.1 vol. % of a fuel lubricity enhancer, and up to about 0.03 vol. % of an additive to resist phase separation at elevated temperatures. The fuel has an external water phase and is substantially nonflammable outside the engine. Also disclosed is a method of producing the fuel which includes mixing the carbonaceous fuel and emulsifier together prior to mixing with water and the other components.Type: GrantFiled: April 4, 1994Date of Patent: October 16, 2001Inventor: Rudolf W. Gunnerman
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Patent number: 6200359Abstract: The invention discloses a fuel oil composition comprising a major proportion of a liquid hydrocarbon middle distillate fuel oil, from 1 to 100 ppmw based on the composition of a polyoxyalkylene glycol dehazer and from 1 to 100 ppmw based on the composition of an organosilicone antifoam additive, wherein before mixing of the organosilicone antifoam with any other component of the fuel oil composition, the organosilicone antifoam additive is heated at a temperature of at least 40° C. for a sufficient period of time to achieve improved antifoam properties of the fuel oil composition; a process for the preparation of such a fuel oil composition; and a method of fuelling a road vehicle with such a composition.Type: GrantFiled: October 15, 1999Date of Patent: March 13, 2001Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Michael John Grundy, Andrea Redford
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Patent number: 6093222Abstract: A defoamer system for diesel fuel which uses a synergistic blend of silicone polymers substituted respectively with polyhydric and polyether groups, or a silicone polymer having a mixture of polyhydric, polyether and phenol substituents thereon. The defoamer system provides low silicone treat rate, and compatibility with additive packages.Type: GrantFiled: December 15, 1998Date of Patent: July 25, 2000Assignee: CK Witco CorporationInventors: Wojciech Grabowski, Rolf Haubrichs
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Patent number: 6074444Abstract: An additive composition for use in internal combustion engines and which can be added to the fuel or lubricating oil comprises a silicone oil and an organic titanium compound such as an organic titanate, optionally with a solvent and lubricating oil, the additive composition reduces valve and valve gear wear with lead free fuels, improves exhaust emission quality and decreases engine wear.Type: GrantFiled: January 4, 1999Date of Patent: June 13, 2000Inventor: Michael Stanley Bingley
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Patent number: 6001140Abstract: The present invention relates to diesel fuel and lubrication oil defoaming agents, and crude oil demulsifiers, as well as methods for using same. In particular, the defoaming agents and demulsifiers are comprised of copolymers which have structures constituting a backbone of polysiloxane onto which is grafted an organic group. These structures comprise a polymer of the formula MD.sub.x D'.sub.y D".sub.z M, where M is O.sub.0.5 Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3, D is a OSi(CH.sub.3).sub.2, D' is OSi(CH.sub.3)R, D" is OSi(CH.sub.3)R', R is a polyhydric C.sub.6 -C.sub.28 organic group, R' is a phenol derivative or a long chain aliphatic group or polyethers, z is between 0 and 80, x+y+z is between 10-200, x/z is .gtoreq.1, and x/(y+z) is between about 1 and about 5, or formula M'D.sub.a M' where M' is O.sub.0.5 Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2 R, a is between 4-10, and R and D are the same as defined above.Type: GrantFiled: April 3, 1997Date of Patent: December 14, 1999Assignee: Witco CorporationInventors: Wojciech Grabowski, Rolf Haubrichs
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Patent number: 5931977Abstract: A compound for use as a diesel fuel additive to gasoline or as a diesel fuel is provided. The compound has the molecular formula: ##STR1## is provided where R is CH.sub.3, C.sub.6 H.sub.10, C.sub.10 H.sub.18, or C.sub.12 H.sub.25. R.sub.1 is a carbonyl group (C.dbd.O), R.sub.2 is HR--OH (hydroxyl). R.sub.1 is a carbonyl group (C.dbd.O), R.sub.2 is HR--OH (hydroxyl). An R.sub.3 is a silicone compound. The product is formed through pressure reaction to generate energy and change the original molecular structure to form a closed chain. Due to the reaction mechanism, a mixture is provided which is approximately 30%-55% alcohol, approximately 25%-35% ketones, and approximately 3%-10% silicon compounds. It has 3-5 carbon atoms and 9-18 hydrogen and 3-5 oxygen atoms.The mixture is added to gasoline to provide a diesel fuel mixture. The fuel mixture contains up to 10%-30% by volume of the additive mixture.Type: GrantFiled: November 17, 1997Date of Patent: August 3, 1999Inventor: Chung-Hsien Yang
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Patent number: 5888926Abstract: This invention is directed to a process for forming a sorbent-metal complex. The process includes oxidizing a sorbent precursor and contacting the sorbent precursor with a metallic species. The process further includes chemically reacting the sorbent precursor and the metallic species, thereby forming a sorbent-metal complex. In one particular aspect of the invention, at least a portion of the sorbent precursor is transformed into sorbent particles during the oxidation step. These sorbent particles then are contacted with the metallic species and chemically reacted with the metallic species, thereby forming a sorbent-metal complex. Another aspect of the invention is directed to a process for forming a sorbent-metal complex in a combustion system. The process includes introducing a sorbent precursor into a combustion system and subjecting the sorbent precursor to an elevated temperature sufficient to oxidize the sorbent precursor and transform the sorbent precursor into sorbent particles.Type: GrantFiled: August 28, 1995Date of Patent: March 30, 1999Assignee: University of CincinnatiInventors: Pratim Biswas, Timothy M. Owens
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Patent number: 5833721Abstract: An antifoam additive for hydrocarbon oils and in particular fuel oils comprises the combination of an antifoam agent and an ashless dispersant.Type: GrantFiled: February 14, 1997Date of Patent: November 10, 1998Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents IncInventors: Richard Joseph Hart, Rinaldo Caprotti
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Patent number: 5767192Abstract: The present invention relates to an organopolysiloxane compound having at least one group having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.3 is a divalent hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are selected from a hydrogen atom or a group having the formula --(C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1) where n has a value from 1 to 30, R.sup.4 is selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an aryl group, d has a value from 0 to 150, and e has a value from 0 to 150, with the proviso that the value of d+e is greater than zero. The organopolysiloxane compounds of this invention reduce the amount of foam in hydrocarbon fuel, especially in diesel fuels and jet fuels. The organopolysiloxane compounds act as foam control agents which display consistent compatibility and miscibility with additives which are frequently present in hydrocarbon fuels.Type: GrantFiled: January 11, 1996Date of Patent: June 16, 1998Assignee: Dow Corning CorporationInventors: David Robert Battice, Kenneth Christopher Fey, Lenin James Petroff, Michael Allen Stanga
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Patent number: 5733346Abstract: Oil-soluble polar nitrogen components are used in combination with fuel oil antifoams to control foaming in fuel oils.Type: GrantFiled: January 10, 1997Date of Patent: March 31, 1998Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Inventors: Brian William Davies, Alessandro Lombardi, Rinaldo Caprotti
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Patent number: 5688295Abstract: A compound for use as an additive to gasoline or as a fuel is provided. The compound has the molecular formula: ##STR1## is provided where R is CH.sub.3, C.sub.3 H.sub.6, C.sub.7 H.sub.8, C.sub.6 H.sub.10, or C.sub.10 H.sub.18 ; R.sub.1 is a carbonyl group (C.dbd.O), R.sub.2 is H or --OH (hydroxyl), and R.sub.3 is an aliphatic compound or a silicon compound. The product is formed through pressure reaction to generate energy chain and change the original molecular structure to form a closed chain. Due to the reaction mechanism, a mixture is provided which is approximately 40.about.70% alcohol, approximately 2.5.about.18% ketone and ethers, and approximately 4.about.20% aliphatic and silicon compounds. It has 2 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 18 hydrogen and 3 to 16 oxygen atoms. The mixture is added to gasoline to provide a fuel mixture. The fuel mixture contains up to 70% by volume of the additive mixture.Type: GrantFiled: May 8, 1996Date of Patent: November 18, 1997Assignee: H. E. W. D. Enterprises-America, Inc.Inventor: Chung-Hsien Yang
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Patent number: 5620485Abstract: The present invention relates to an organopolysiloxane compound having at least one group having the formula ##STR1## and at least one group having its formula selected from --R.sup.3 --C.sub.6 H.sub.5 or --R.sub.3 --O--C.sub.6 H.sub.5 per molecule wherein R.sup.3 is a divalent hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, R.sup.4 is hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, or an acyl group, d has a value of 0 to 150, e has a value of 0 to 150, with the proviso that the value of d+e is at least one. The organopolysiloxane compounds of this invention reduce the amount of foam in the hydrocarbon fuel, especially in diesel fuels and jet fuels. The organopolysiloxane compound acts as a foam control agent which displays consistent compatibility and miscibility with additives which are frequently present in hydrocarbon fuels.Type: GrantFiled: December 15, 1995Date of Patent: April 15, 1997Assignee: Dow Corning CorporationInventor: Kenneth C. Fey
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Patent number: 5613988Abstract: A method of defoaming diesel fuel by adding an organofunctionally modified polysiloxane of the general Formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 are alkyl groups with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or aryl groups with the proviso that at least 80% of the R.sup.1 groups are methyl groups,R.sup.2 are the same or different in the molecule30 to 90% of R.sup.2 having the same meaning as R.sup.1, and70 to 10% of R.sup.2 consisting of a mixture of R.sup.2A and R.sup.2B groups which differ in polarity,is described. The inventive polysiloxane is added in an amount of 0.5 to 50 ppm, based on the diesel fuel.Type: GrantFiled: December 19, 1994Date of Patent: March 25, 1997Assignee: Th. Goldschmidt AG.Inventors: Roland Spiegler, Michael Keup, Kerstin Kugel, Peter Lersch, Stefan Silber
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Patent number: 5542960Abstract: The present invention is a class of organosilicone terpolymers which may be used to abate the foaming of diesel fuel at silicon levels below 1.2 ppm. Said silicone terpolymers are modified alkyl phenol derivatives and polyethers grafted on a polysiloxane copolymer. Said polysiloxane terpolymer has a structure of MD.sub.x D*.sub.y D**.sub.2 M, where M is O.sub.0.5 Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3, D is a OSi(CH.sub.3).sub.2, D* is OSi(CH.sub.3)R, R is a polyether, D** is OSi(CH.sub.3)R', R' is a phenol derivative x+y+z is 35-350, x/(y+z) is 3 to 6 and y/z is 0.25 to about 9.0.Type: GrantFiled: July 7, 1994Date of Patent: August 6, 1996Assignee: OSi Specialties, Inc.Inventor: Wojciech Grabowski
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Patent number: 5505745Abstract: This invention relates to a catalytic fuel composition capable of reducing pollutants in the combustion gasses generated upon combustion of the same. A catalytic material is combined with a liquid, petroleum-based fuel, mixed and solid particles are separated out to give the catalytic fuel product. The catalytic material predominantly comprises a plagioclase feldspar belonging mainly to the albite-anorthite series, and contains small amount of mica, kaolinite and serpentine, and optionally contains magnetite.Type: GrantFiled: February 6, 1995Date of Patent: April 9, 1996Inventor: Jack H. Taylor, Jr.
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Patent number: 5474709Abstract: A process for defoaming and/or degassing organic systems by addition of an organopolysiloxane-containing anti-foaming agent to the organic system is characterized by the fact that the organopolysiloxane used is one composed of siloxane units having the general formulae (I) and (II), in which R is a univalent hydrocarbon residue with 1 to 18 carbon atoms per residue; A is a residue having the general formula (a), in which R.sup.1 is a residue having the formula --CR.sup.3 H--, where R.sup.3 stands for a hydrogen atom or a univalent organic residue; R.sup.2 is a residue having the formulae --CR.sup.4 H--CH.sub.2 -- or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- where R.sup.4 stands for a hydrogen atom or a univalent organic residue; v and w represent each O or an integer, the sum of v+w being in average 0 to 16; x and y represent each 0 or 1, the sum x+y being 1 or 2; a equals 1,2 or 3; b equals 0, 1 or 2 and c equals 1 or 2, the sum b+c not exceeding 3.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 1993Date of Patent: December 12, 1995Assignee: Wacker-Chemie GmbHInventors: Christian Herzig, Willibald Burger, Ernst Innertsberger, Peter Huber, Martina Blochl
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Patent number: 5435811Abstract: Organosilicone materials that are "density-matched" to the hydrocarbon medium also act as defoamers in hydrocarbon fuel, specifically as described herein for diesel fuel. Specifically these new defoamers can be described as alkylmethylsiloxanes. They have the characteristics of being slightly soluble or insoluble in water and hydrocarbon fuels. By changing the solvent and the method of dispersion, different particle size distributions are obtained.Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 1993Date of Patent: July 25, 1995Assignee: Dow Corning CorporationInventors: Kenneth C. Fey, Christopher S. Combs
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Patent number: 5435224Abstract: A floating torch burning polydimethylsiloxane to provide a decoy over the termediate infrared spectrum of a ship.Type: GrantFiled: April 4, 1979Date of Patent: July 25, 1995Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventors: John Andreotti, Abraham Hirschman