Silicon Containing Patents (Class 44/320)
  • Patent number: 12091618
    Abstract: Mixtures of certain olefin-carboxylic acid copolymers (A) with at least one additive with detergent action, preferably at least one quaternary nitrogen compound (B), and optionally further fuel additives, are useful for improving or boosting the separation of water from fuel oils and gasoline fuels.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 12, 2021
    Date of Patent: September 17, 2024
    Assignee: BASF SE
    Inventors: Matthias Zorn, Harald Boehnke
  • Patent number: 11377611
    Abstract: Disclosed are organomodified polysiloxanes, compositions, in particular fuel compositions, that include these organomodified polysiloxanes, and the use of the organomodified polysiloxanes for the defoaming of fuels.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 7, 2020
    Date of Patent: July 5, 2022
    Assignee: Evonik Operations GmbH
    Inventors: Jörg Peggau, Frauke Henning, Andrea Lohse
  • Patent number: 9982208
    Abstract: The present disclosure provides a diesel fuel composition containing DMC and multifunctional additives to reduce particulate emission, improve efficiency and be used in cold and/or hypoxia conditions.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 14, 2015
    Date of Patent: May 29, 2018
    Assignee: YASHENTECH CORPORATION
    Inventors: Youqi Wang, Ziyun Li, Guoming Zhang, Zhijian Li, Gary Wuqi Cao
  • Patent number: 9920078
    Abstract: Compounds and method of preparation of Si—X and Ge—X compounds (X?N, P, As and Sb) via dehydrogenative coupling between the corresponding unsubstituted silanes and amines (including ammonia) or phosphines catalyzed by metallic catalysts is described. This new approach is based on the catalytic dehydrogenative coupling of a Si—H and a X—H moiety to form a Si—X containing compound and hydrogen gas (X?N, P, As and Sb). The process can be catalyzed by transition metal heterogenous catalysts such as Ru(0) on carbon, Pd(0) on MgO) as well as transition metal organometallic complexes that act as homogeneous catalysts. The —Si—X products produced by dehydrogenative coupling are inherently halogen free. Said compounds can be useful for the deposition of thin films by chemical vapor deposition or atomic layer deposition of Si-containing films.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 24, 2016
    Date of Patent: March 20, 2018
    Assignee: L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude
    Inventors: Antonio Sanchez, Gennadiy Itov, Peng Zhang, Matthew Damien Stephens, Manish Khandelwal
  • Patent number: 9627671
    Abstract: A method is provided for forming a metal battery electrode with a pyrolyzed coating. The method provides a metallorganic compound of metal (Me) and materials such as carbon (C), sulfur (S), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), and combinations of the above-listed materials, expressed as MeXCYNZSXXOYY, where Me is a metal such as tin (Sn), antimony (Sb), or lead (Pb), or a metal alloy. The method heats the metallorganic compound, and as a result of the heating, decomposes materials in the metallorganic compound. In one aspect, decomposing the materials in the metallorganic compound includes forming a chemical reaction between the Me particles and the materials. An electrode is formed of Me particles coated by the materials. In another aspect, the Me particles coated with a material such as a carbide, a nitride, a sulfide, or combinations of the above-listed materials.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 28, 2014
    Date of Patent: April 18, 2017
    Assignee: Sharp Laboratories of America, Inc.
    Inventors: Yuhao Lu, Long Wang, Jong-Jan Lee
  • Patent number: 9103261
    Abstract: A device and method for adjusting dosage of a fuel additive is described. The device includes a fuel reservoir and an additive reservoir. A variable-flow pump is used to pump the additive into contact with the fuel to create a combined fluid. An ESR sensor is positioned downstream from the pump and fuel reservoir such that a portion of the combined fluid passes through the ESR sensor, which measures the concentration of contaminants and fuel additive in the fuel. Based on the concentrations, a controller controls the rate at which the fuel additive is pumped, thereby adjusting the dosage of the fuel additive.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 26, 2011
    Date of Patent: August 11, 2015
    Assignee: Active Spectrum, Inc.
    Inventors: James R. White, Colin T. Elliott
  • Publication number: 20140227548
    Abstract: There are disclosed energetic nanoparticle compositions and materials containing silicon and other energetic elements, and methods of manufacturing the same, including reacting silicon nanoparticles and unsaturated alkene or alkyne to form covalently bonded surface coatings passivated against surface oxidation, for combination with a fuel, explosive or oxidizer.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 25, 2014
    Publication date: August 14, 2014
    Inventor: James J. Myrick
  • Patent number: 8507565
    Abstract: The invention relates to a method for separating emulsions of oil and water, the method comprising incorporating a demulsifying-effective amount of a polyorganosiloxane demulsifier into an emulsion comprising an oil phase and an aqueous phase. The invention also relates to compositions containing polyorganosiloxane demulsifier and the water and oil phases of an emulsion.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 14, 2011
    Date of Patent: August 13, 2013
    Assignee: Momentive Performance Material Inc.
    Inventors: Anubhav Saxena, Monjit Phukan, Senthilkumar U., Ian Procter, Sigfredo Gonzalez, Kalman Koczo, Sabine Azouani, Vikram Kumar
  • Publication number: 20130020051
    Abstract: A liquid fuel includes a hydrocarbon-based liquid fuel and an additive mixed with the hydrocarbon-based liquid fuel. The additive includes an endothermic fuel-cracking catalyst.
    Type: Application
    Filed: July 22, 2011
    Publication date: January 24, 2013
    Inventor: He Huang
  • Publication number: 20120222348
    Abstract: C5- to C15-alkanols are suitable for improving the defoamer action of a silicon-containing anti-foam in fuel oils, especially in biofuel oils, which comprise at least one additive with detergent action. Such alkanols are used in additive concentrates which also comprise aromatic hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures having a boiling point of 100 to 250° C. or C5- to C12-alkyl nitrates, and also silicon-containing antifoams, additives with detergent action and optionally commercial dehazers.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 28, 2012
    Publication date: September 6, 2012
    Applicant: BASF SE
    Inventor: Harald Böhnke
  • Publication number: 20120142535
    Abstract: The present invention provides for a composition comprising a siloxane having the formula: M1DM2 wherein M1=(R1)(R2)(R3)SiO1/2; M2=(R4)(R5)(R6)SiO1/2 and D=(R7)(Z)SiO2/2 where R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are each independently selected from the group consisting of 1 to 4 carbon monovalent hydrocarbon radicals, aryl, and a hydrocarbon group of 4 to 9 carbons containing an aryl group; Z is a pendant hydrophilic ionic group selected from the group consisting of R8—RA, R9-RC, and R10—RZ; RA being an anionic substituent, RC a cationic substituent or RZ a zwitterionic substituent on the D group wherein said siloxane has an enhanced resistance to hydrolysis at a pH below 6 or a pH above 7.5.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 3, 2011
    Publication date: June 7, 2012
    Inventors: MARK D. LEATHERMAN, George A. Policello, Wenqing N. Peng, Liping Zheng, Roland Wagner, Suresh K. Rajaraman, Zijun Xia
  • Publication number: 20120102822
    Abstract: A fuel additive comprising a sol containing particles of at least one inorganic-metallic component and at least one organo-metallic component stabilized in a suitable hydrocarbon medium. The components are formed as a metal complex wherein the metallic element comprises at least one metal selected from the elements of Groups VIII to XI in the Periodic Table, preferably platinum, cobalt, nickel, copper, gold, rhodium or, most preferably, palladium. The organo component is an alkyl carboxylate, preferably acetate, and the inorganic component is derived from silicon, titanium, aluminum, and preferably silicate. The additive is preferably formed by (a) forming an aqueous solution of at least one metallic component; (b) forming a colloid of organo-metallic and inorganic-metallic components from said solution; and (c) extracting at least some of the metallic colloidal components from the aqueous solution using a suitable hydrocarbon medium under controlled PH, temperature and time.
    Type: Application
    Filed: March 16, 2006
    Publication date: May 3, 2012
    Inventors: Robert R. Holcomb, Lou Basenese
  • Patent number: 8030363
    Abstract: The invention relates to a method for separating emulsions of oil and water, the method comprising incorporating a demulsifying-effective amount of a polyorganosiloxane demulsifier into an emulsion comprising an oil phase and an aqueous phase. The invention also relates to compositions containing polyorganosiloxane demulsifier and the water and oil phases of an emulsion.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 25, 2008
    Date of Patent: October 4, 2011
    Assignee: Momentive Performance Materials Inc.
    Inventors: Anubhav Saxena, Monjit Phukan, Umapathy Senthilkumar, Ian Procter, Sigfredo Gonzalez, Kalman Koczo, Sabine Azouani, Vikram Kumar
  • Publication number: 20110099890
    Abstract: Disclosed are novel engineered fuel feed stocks, feed stocks produced by the described processes, methods of making the fuel feed stocks, methods of producing energy from the fuel feed stocks. Components derived from processed MSW waste streams can be used to make such feed stocks which are substantially free of glass, metals, grit and noncombustibles and contain a sorbent. These feed stocks are useful for a variety of purposes including as gasification and combustion fuels. In addition, one or more sorbents can be added to the feed stocks in order to reduce the amount of a variety of pollutants present in traditional fuel and feed stocks, including, but not limited, sulfur and chlorine. Further, these feed stocks with added sorbent can mitigate corrosion, improve fuel conversion, extend power generating plant lifetime, reduce ash slagging, and reduced operating temperature.
    Type: Application
    Filed: November 19, 2010
    Publication date: May 5, 2011
    Inventors: James W. Bohlig, Dingrong Bai
  • Publication number: 20110034357
    Abstract: To provide a novel composition useful as lubricant composition or the like. It is disclosed a composition comprising an oily medium and at least one compound represented by following formula (Z). A-L-{D1-(E)q-D2-(B)m—Z1—R}p??(Z) A represents a p-valent chain or cyclic residue; L represents a single bond or a divalent linking group; p represents an integer of 2 or more; D1 represents a carbonyl group (—C(?O)—) or a sulfonyl group (—S(?O)2—); D2 represents a carbonyl group (—C(?O)—), a sulfonyl group (—S(?O)2—), a carboxyl group (—C(?O)O—), a sulfonyloxyl group (—S(?O)2O—), a carbamoyl group (—C(?O)N(Alk) or a sulfamoyl group (—S(?O)2N(Alk)-); E represents a divalent group; R represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or non-substituted C8 or longer alkyl group, a perfluoroalkyl group or a trialkylsilyl group; B represents an oxyethylene group or the like; and Z1 represents a single bond or a divalent group.
    Type: Application
    Filed: March 27, 2009
    Publication date: February 10, 2011
    Inventors: Ken Kawata, Saisuke Watanabe
  • Patent number: 7803200
    Abstract: The present invention provides a fuel additive composition, and more particularly, to the fuel additive composition comprising hydrogen peroxide, silicate, borax, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, and water. When the fuel additive composition of the present invention is added to fuels such as coal, oil, gas and etc., it stimulates fuel combustion, induces the complete combustion of fuel, and increases the heat transfer by preventing clinker formation and fouling in combustion apparatus. In particular, when the fuel additive composition is added to the coal, it increases a pulverizing efficiency in pre-treatment process, thereby facilitating supply of the coal to combustion apparatus advantageously.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 5, 2007
    Date of Patent: September 28, 2010
    Inventor: Mi-Hye Oh
  • Patent number: 7635398
    Abstract: A method of purifying a biodiesel fuel by contacting the biodiesel fuel with at least one adsorbent material, such as magnesium silicate. Such method removes impurities, such as soap, formed during the production of biodiesel fuels.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 1, 2004
    Date of Patent: December 22, 2009
    Assignee: The Dallas Group of America, Inc.
    Inventors: Bryan Bertram, Christopher Abrams, Brian S. Cooke
  • Patent number: 7572303
    Abstract: A fuel composition of the present invention exhibits minimized hydrolysis and increased fuel stability, even after extended storage at 65° F. for 6-9 months. The composition, which is preferably not strongly alkaline (3.0 to 10.5), is more preferably weakly alkaline to mildly acidic (4.5 to 8.5) and most preferably slightly acidic (6.3 to 6.8), includes a lower dialkyl carbonate, a combustion improving amount of at least one high heating combustible compound containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, boron, bromine, bismuth, beryllium, calcium, cesium, chromium, cobalt, copper, francium, gallium, germanium, iodine, iron, indium, lithium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, niobium, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, palladium, rubidium, sodium, tin, zinc, praseodymium, rhenium, silicon, vanadium, or mixture, and a hydrocarbon base fuel.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 24, 2003
    Date of Patent: August 11, 2009
    Assignee: Octane International, Ltd.
    Inventor: William C. Orr
  • Publication number: 20090056202
    Abstract: The present invention provides a fuel additive composition, and more particularly, to the fuel additive composition comprising hydrogen peroxide, silicate, borax, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, and water. When the fuel additive composition of the present invention is added to fuels such as coal, oil, gas and etc., it stimulates fuel combustion, induces the complete combustion of fuel, and increases the heat transfer by preventing clinker formation and fouling in combustion apparatus. In particular, when the fuel additive composition is added to the coal, it increases a pulverizing efficiency in pre-treatment process, thereby facilitating supply of the coal to combustion apparatus advantageously.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 5, 2007
    Publication date: March 5, 2009
    Inventor: Mi-Hye OH
  • Publication number: 20090007483
    Abstract: The invention relates to organofunctionally modified polysiloxanes and to their use for defoaming liquid fuels, especially diesel fuels and diesel fuels to which biofuels have been added.
    Type: Application
    Filed: July 1, 2008
    Publication date: January 8, 2009
    Inventors: Rene Hansel, Andreas Vetter, Sascha Herrwerth, Andrea Lohse, Joachim Venzmer
  • Publication number: 20080245358
    Abstract: Chemical heating using a first reactant, a second reactant and a complexing agent adapted to complex reversibly with the first reactant and, thereby moderate the reaction between the first and second reactants. The heating formula is particularly well suited for heaters that are used to heat materials having relatively high viscosities.
    Type: Application
    Filed: May 26, 2006
    Publication date: October 9, 2008
    Applicant: Tempra Technology, Inc.
    Inventors: Michael Sheppard Bolmer, Kevin J. Pitz
  • Patent number: 7399734
    Abstract: A composition is disclosed that comprises: (A) a lubricant or a hydrocarbon fuel, and (B) at least one polysiloxane of the formula: MwD?xDyM?z where: w is 2-z; x is 0 to 50; y is 0 to 500; z is 0 to 2; M=Si(CH3)3—O—; M?=R1—Si(CH3)2O—; D=—Si(CH3)2O—; D?=—Si(CH3)(R1)O—; and R1 is an aliphatic or aromatic moiety linked to at least one silicon atom from siloxane and comprising at least one heteroatom.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 16, 2004
    Date of Patent: July 15, 2008
    Assignee: Crompton Corporation
    Inventors: Wojciech Grabowski, Cyril A. Migdal, Stephen Hull
  • Publication number: 20080127551
    Abstract: Hypergolic liquid or gel fuel mixtures utilized in bipropellant propulsion systems are disclosed as replacements for fuels containing toxic mono-methylhydrazine. The fuel mixtures include one or more amine azides mixed with one or more tertiary diamine, tri-amine or tetra-amine compounds. The fuel mixtures include N,N,N?,N?-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) mixed with 2-N,N-dimethylaminoethylazide (DMAZ), TMEDA mixed with tris(2-azidoethyl)amine (TAEA), and TMEDA mixed with one or more cyclic amine azides. Each hypergolic fuel mixture provides a reduced ignition delay for combining with an oxidant in fuel propellant systems. The fuel mixtures have advantages in reduced ignition delay times compared to ignition delay times for each unmixed component, providing a synergistic effect which was not predictable from review of each component's composition.
    Type: Application
    Filed: November 30, 2006
    Publication date: June 5, 2008
    Applicant: United States of America, represented by Secretary of the U.S. Army
    Inventors: William H. Stevenson, III, LaShanda D. Felton, Zhu Slocum-Wang
  • Patent number: 7314493
    Abstract: Fuel mixtures for direct methanol fuel cells are disclosed. The fuels include methanol and additives that react with water to produce methanol and other easily electro-oxidizable compounds including dimethyloxymethane, methylorthoformate, tetramethylorthocarbonate, trimethylborate, and tetramethylorthosilicate. Other additives to improve safety and efficiency of the fuel cell include sulfonated activated carbon particles and metal hydrides, such as LiAlH4, NaBH4, LiBH4, (CH3)2 NHBH3, NaAlH4, B2H6, NaCNBH3, CaH2, LiH, NaH, KH or sodium bis (2-methoxyethoxy) dihydridaluminate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 17, 2003
    Date of Patent: January 1, 2008
    Assignee: The Gillette Company
    Inventors: Xiaoming Ren, Kevin J. Shufon, Frank W. Kovacs
  • Patent number: 7157611
    Abstract: A method for marking a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon. The method comprises adding to the liquid petroleum hydrocarbon a pyrazinoporphyrazine dye having an absorption maximum from 700 nm to 900 nm.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 19, 2003
    Date of Patent: January 2, 2007
    Assignee: Rohm and Haas Company
    Inventors: Rajiv Manohar Banavali, Kim Sang Ho
  • Patent number: 6887835
    Abstract: Lubricants, especially lubricating oils, and fuels, especially hydrocarbon fuels, contain a class of anti-wear, anti-fatigue, and extreme pressure additives that are derived from silanes. The additives can be used as either partial or complete replacements for zinc dialkyldithiophosphates currently used in lubricants and fuels.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 31, 2003
    Date of Patent: May 3, 2005
    Assignee: Crompton Corporation
    Inventors: Cyril A. Migdal, Robert G. Rowland, David J. Sikora, Frederick D. Osterholtz
  • Publication number: 20040237384
    Abstract: A fuel composition of the present invention exhibits minimized hydrolysis and increased fuel stability, even after extended storage at 65° F. for 6-9 months. The composition, which is preferably not strongly alkaline (3.0 to 10.5), is more preferably weakly alkaline to mildly acidic (4.5 to 8.5) and most preferably slightly acidic (6.3 to 6.8), includes a lower dialkyl carbonate, a combustion improving amount of at least one high heating combustible compound containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, boron, bromine, bismuth, beryllium, calcium, cesium, chromium, cobalt, copper, francium, gallium, germanium, iodine, iron, indium, lithium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, niobium, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, palladium, rubidium, sodium, tin, zinc, praseodymium, rhenium, silicon, vanadium, or mixture, and a hydrocarbon base fuel.
    Type: Application
    Filed: November 24, 2003
    Publication date: December 2, 2004
    Inventor: William C. Orr
  • Patent number: 6729872
    Abstract: A method for protecting a SiO2 coating on defining surfaces of a combustion chamber and a combustion device containing the protection. Accordingly, an additive is introduced into the combustion chamber, which increases the SiO content of the exhaust gas, arising from a combustion process. The SiO content helps protect walls of the combustion chamber formed with the SiO2 coating.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 5, 2002
    Date of Patent: May 4, 2004
    Assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventor: Manfred Kobusch
  • Publication number: 20040079925
    Abstract: A fuel additive is directed to preventing slagging, a phenomenon caused by the ash in a fuel particularly during the combustion of a fuel having such a large ash content as is typically found in coal or oil coke, for example. It is formed of a composition having one or more compounds selected from among aluminum compounds, silica compounds, titanium compounds and zirconium compounds invariably of the form of ultrafine particles having a particle diameter in the range of 3 to 200 nm and no less than 2 wt. % of an alkali metal (R═Na or K) compound as reduced to the R2O concentration dispersed in a stable state in water and/or oil. When a liquid fuel oil and/or a solid fuel is made to incorporate the fuel additive therein and then subjected to combustion, the deposited ash can be easily peeled and shed from the surface of the furnace wall or the water pipes.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 23, 2003
    Publication date: April 29, 2004
    Inventors: Masaki Shouji, Teruo Onozawa, Shigeru Nakai
  • Patent number: 6652608
    Abstract: A fuel composition of the present invention exhibits minimized hydrolysis and increased fuel stability, even after extended storage at 65° F. for 6-9 months. The composition, which is preferably not strongly alkaline (3.0 to 10.5), is more preferably weakly alkaline to mildly acidic (4.5 to 8.5) and most preferably slightly acidic (6.3 to 6.8), includes a lower dialkyl carbonate, a combustion improving amount of at least one high heating combustible compound containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, boron, bromine, bismuth, beryllium, calcium, cesium, chromium, cobalt, copper, francium, gallium, germanium, iodine, iron, indium, lithium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, niobium, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, palladium, rubidium, sodium, tin, zinc, praseodymium, rhenium, silicon, vanadium, or mixture, and a hydrocarbon base fuel.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 8, 1997
    Date of Patent: November 25, 2003
    Inventor: William C. Orr
  • Patent number: 6517341
    Abstract: While silicon-containing ceramics or ceramic composites are prone to material loss in combustion gas environments, this invention introduces a method to prevent or greatly reduce the thickness loss by injecting directly an effective amount, generally in the part per million level, of silicon or silicon-containing compounds into the combustion gases.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 26, 1999
    Date of Patent: February 11, 2003
    Assignee: General Electric Company
    Inventors: Milivoj Konstantin Brun, Krishan Lal Luthra
  • Publication number: 20020129542
    Abstract: The present invention relates to diesel fuel and lubrication oil defoaming agents, and crude oil demulsifiers, as well as methods for using same. In particular, the defoaming agents and demulsifiers are comprised of copolymers which have structures constituting a backbone of polysiloxane onto which is grafted an organic group. These structures comprise a polymer of the formula MDxD′yD″zM, where M is O0.5Si(CH3)3, D is a OSi(CH3)2, D′ is OSi(CH3)R, D″ is OSi(CH3)R′, R is a polyhydric C6-C28 organic group, R′ is a phenol derivative or a long chain aliphatic group or polyethers, z is between 0 and 80, x+y+z is between 10-200, x/z is ≧1, and x/(y+z) is between about 1 and about 5, or formula M′DaM′ where M′ is O0.5Si(CH3)2R, a is between 4-10, and R and D are the same as defined above.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 28, 2002
    Publication date: September 19, 2002
    Inventors: Wojciech Grabowski, Rolf Haubrichs
  • Patent number: 6302929
    Abstract: An aqueous fuel having at least two phases for an internal combustion engine with 20-80 vol. % water, carbonaceous fuel, 2 to less than 20 vol. % alcohol, about 0.3 to 1 vol. % of a nonionic emulsifier, and which may contain up to about 0.1 vol. % of a fuel lubricity enhancer, and up to about 0.03 vol. % of an additive to resist phase separation at elevated temperatures. The fuel has an external water phase and is substantially nonflammable outside the engine. Also disclosed is a method of producing the fuel which includes mixing the carbonaceous fuel and emulsifier together prior to mixing with water and the other components.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 4, 1994
    Date of Patent: October 16, 2001
    Inventor: Rudolf W. Gunnerman
  • Patent number: 6200359
    Abstract: The invention discloses a fuel oil composition comprising a major proportion of a liquid hydrocarbon middle distillate fuel oil, from 1 to 100 ppmw based on the composition of a polyoxyalkylene glycol dehazer and from 1 to 100 ppmw based on the composition of an organosilicone antifoam additive, wherein before mixing of the organosilicone antifoam with any other component of the fuel oil composition, the organosilicone antifoam additive is heated at a temperature of at least 40° C. for a sufficient period of time to achieve improved antifoam properties of the fuel oil composition; a process for the preparation of such a fuel oil composition; and a method of fuelling a road vehicle with such a composition.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 15, 1999
    Date of Patent: March 13, 2001
    Assignee: Shell Oil Company
    Inventors: Michael John Grundy, Andrea Redford
  • Patent number: 6093222
    Abstract: A defoamer system for diesel fuel which uses a synergistic blend of silicone polymers substituted respectively with polyhydric and polyether groups, or a silicone polymer having a mixture of polyhydric, polyether and phenol substituents thereon. The defoamer system provides low silicone treat rate, and compatibility with additive packages.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 15, 1998
    Date of Patent: July 25, 2000
    Assignee: CK Witco Corporation
    Inventors: Wojciech Grabowski, Rolf Haubrichs
  • Patent number: 6074444
    Abstract: An additive composition for use in internal combustion engines and which can be added to the fuel or lubricating oil comprises a silicone oil and an organic titanium compound such as an organic titanate, optionally with a solvent and lubricating oil, the additive composition reduces valve and valve gear wear with lead free fuels, improves exhaust emission quality and decreases engine wear.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 4, 1999
    Date of Patent: June 13, 2000
    Inventor: Michael Stanley Bingley
  • Patent number: 6001140
    Abstract: The present invention relates to diesel fuel and lubrication oil defoaming agents, and crude oil demulsifiers, as well as methods for using same. In particular, the defoaming agents and demulsifiers are comprised of copolymers which have structures constituting a backbone of polysiloxane onto which is grafted an organic group. These structures comprise a polymer of the formula MD.sub.x D'.sub.y D".sub.z M, where M is O.sub.0.5 Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3, D is a OSi(CH.sub.3).sub.2, D' is OSi(CH.sub.3)R, D" is OSi(CH.sub.3)R', R is a polyhydric C.sub.6 -C.sub.28 organic group, R' is a phenol derivative or a long chain aliphatic group or polyethers, z is between 0 and 80, x+y+z is between 10-200, x/z is .gtoreq.1, and x/(y+z) is between about 1 and about 5, or formula M'D.sub.a M' where M' is O.sub.0.5 Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2 R, a is between 4-10, and R and D are the same as defined above.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 3, 1997
    Date of Patent: December 14, 1999
    Assignee: Witco Corporation
    Inventors: Wojciech Grabowski, Rolf Haubrichs
  • Patent number: 5931977
    Abstract: A compound for use as a diesel fuel additive to gasoline or as a diesel fuel is provided. The compound has the molecular formula: ##STR1## is provided where R is CH.sub.3, C.sub.6 H.sub.10, C.sub.10 H.sub.18, or C.sub.12 H.sub.25. R.sub.1 is a carbonyl group (C.dbd.O), R.sub.2 is HR--OH (hydroxyl). R.sub.1 is a carbonyl group (C.dbd.O), R.sub.2 is HR--OH (hydroxyl). An R.sub.3 is a silicone compound. The product is formed through pressure reaction to generate energy and change the original molecular structure to form a closed chain. Due to the reaction mechanism, a mixture is provided which is approximately 30%-55% alcohol, approximately 25%-35% ketones, and approximately 3%-10% silicon compounds. It has 3-5 carbon atoms and 9-18 hydrogen and 3-5 oxygen atoms.The mixture is added to gasoline to provide a diesel fuel mixture. The fuel mixture contains up to 10%-30% by volume of the additive mixture.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 17, 1997
    Date of Patent: August 3, 1999
    Inventor: Chung-Hsien Yang
  • Patent number: 5888926
    Abstract: This invention is directed to a process for forming a sorbent-metal complex. The process includes oxidizing a sorbent precursor and contacting the sorbent precursor with a metallic species. The process further includes chemically reacting the sorbent precursor and the metallic species, thereby forming a sorbent-metal complex. In one particular aspect of the invention, at least a portion of the sorbent precursor is transformed into sorbent particles during the oxidation step. These sorbent particles then are contacted with the metallic species and chemically reacted with the metallic species, thereby forming a sorbent-metal complex. Another aspect of the invention is directed to a process for forming a sorbent-metal complex in a combustion system. The process includes introducing a sorbent precursor into a combustion system and subjecting the sorbent precursor to an elevated temperature sufficient to oxidize the sorbent precursor and transform the sorbent precursor into sorbent particles.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 28, 1995
    Date of Patent: March 30, 1999
    Assignee: University of Cincinnati
    Inventors: Pratim Biswas, Timothy M. Owens
  • Patent number: 5833721
    Abstract: An antifoam additive for hydrocarbon oils and in particular fuel oils comprises the combination of an antifoam agent and an ashless dispersant.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 14, 1997
    Date of Patent: November 10, 1998
    Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc
    Inventors: Richard Joseph Hart, Rinaldo Caprotti
  • Patent number: 5767192
    Abstract: The present invention relates to an organopolysiloxane compound having at least one group having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.3 is a divalent hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are selected from a hydrogen atom or a group having the formula --(C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1) where n has a value from 1 to 30, R.sup.4 is selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an aryl group, d has a value from 0 to 150, and e has a value from 0 to 150, with the proviso that the value of d+e is greater than zero. The organopolysiloxane compounds of this invention reduce the amount of foam in hydrocarbon fuel, especially in diesel fuels and jet fuels. The organopolysiloxane compounds act as foam control agents which display consistent compatibility and miscibility with additives which are frequently present in hydrocarbon fuels.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 11, 1996
    Date of Patent: June 16, 1998
    Assignee: Dow Corning Corporation
    Inventors: David Robert Battice, Kenneth Christopher Fey, Lenin James Petroff, Michael Allen Stanga
  • Patent number: 5733346
    Abstract: Oil-soluble polar nitrogen components are used in combination with fuel oil antifoams to control foaming in fuel oils.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 10, 1997
    Date of Patent: March 31, 1998
    Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.
    Inventors: Brian William Davies, Alessandro Lombardi, Rinaldo Caprotti
  • Patent number: 5688295
    Abstract: A compound for use as an additive to gasoline or as a fuel is provided. The compound has the molecular formula: ##STR1## is provided where R is CH.sub.3, C.sub.3 H.sub.6, C.sub.7 H.sub.8, C.sub.6 H.sub.10, or C.sub.10 H.sub.18 ; R.sub.1 is a carbonyl group (C.dbd.O), R.sub.2 is H or --OH (hydroxyl), and R.sub.3 is an aliphatic compound or a silicon compound. The product is formed through pressure reaction to generate energy chain and change the original molecular structure to form a closed chain. Due to the reaction mechanism, a mixture is provided which is approximately 40.about.70% alcohol, approximately 2.5.about.18% ketone and ethers, and approximately 4.about.20% aliphatic and silicon compounds. It has 2 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 18 hydrogen and 3 to 16 oxygen atoms. The mixture is added to gasoline to provide a fuel mixture. The fuel mixture contains up to 70% by volume of the additive mixture.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 8, 1996
    Date of Patent: November 18, 1997
    Assignee: H. E. W. D. Enterprises-America, Inc.
    Inventor: Chung-Hsien Yang
  • Patent number: 5620485
    Abstract: The present invention relates to an organopolysiloxane compound having at least one group having the formula ##STR1## and at least one group having its formula selected from --R.sup.3 --C.sub.6 H.sub.5 or --R.sub.3 --O--C.sub.6 H.sub.5 per molecule wherein R.sup.3 is a divalent hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, R.sup.4 is hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, or an acyl group, d has a value of 0 to 150, e has a value of 0 to 150, with the proviso that the value of d+e is at least one. The organopolysiloxane compounds of this invention reduce the amount of foam in the hydrocarbon fuel, especially in diesel fuels and jet fuels. The organopolysiloxane compound acts as a foam control agent which displays consistent compatibility and miscibility with additives which are frequently present in hydrocarbon fuels.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 15, 1995
    Date of Patent: April 15, 1997
    Assignee: Dow Corning Corporation
    Inventor: Kenneth C. Fey
  • Patent number: 5613988
    Abstract: A method of defoaming diesel fuel by adding an organofunctionally modified polysiloxane of the general Formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 are alkyl groups with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or aryl groups with the proviso that at least 80% of the R.sup.1 groups are methyl groups,R.sup.2 are the same or different in the molecule30 to 90% of R.sup.2 having the same meaning as R.sup.1, and70 to 10% of R.sup.2 consisting of a mixture of R.sup.2A and R.sup.2B groups which differ in polarity,is described. The inventive polysiloxane is added in an amount of 0.5 to 50 ppm, based on the diesel fuel.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 19, 1994
    Date of Patent: March 25, 1997
    Assignee: Th. Goldschmidt AG.
    Inventors: Roland Spiegler, Michael Keup, Kerstin Kugel, Peter Lersch, Stefan Silber
  • Patent number: 5542960
    Abstract: The present invention is a class of organosilicone terpolymers which may be used to abate the foaming of diesel fuel at silicon levels below 1.2 ppm. Said silicone terpolymers are modified alkyl phenol derivatives and polyethers grafted on a polysiloxane copolymer. Said polysiloxane terpolymer has a structure of MD.sub.x D*.sub.y D**.sub.2 M, where M is O.sub.0.5 Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3, D is a OSi(CH.sub.3).sub.2, D* is OSi(CH.sub.3)R, R is a polyether, D** is OSi(CH.sub.3)R', R' is a phenol derivative x+y+z is 35-350, x/(y+z) is 3 to 6 and y/z is 0.25 to about 9.0.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 7, 1994
    Date of Patent: August 6, 1996
    Assignee: OSi Specialties, Inc.
    Inventor: Wojciech Grabowski
  • Patent number: 5505745
    Abstract: This invention relates to a catalytic fuel composition capable of reducing pollutants in the combustion gasses generated upon combustion of the same. A catalytic material is combined with a liquid, petroleum-based fuel, mixed and solid particles are separated out to give the catalytic fuel product. The catalytic material predominantly comprises a plagioclase feldspar belonging mainly to the albite-anorthite series, and contains small amount of mica, kaolinite and serpentine, and optionally contains magnetite.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 6, 1995
    Date of Patent: April 9, 1996
    Inventor: Jack H. Taylor, Jr.
  • Patent number: 5474709
    Abstract: A process for defoaming and/or degassing organic systems by addition of an organopolysiloxane-containing anti-foaming agent to the organic system is characterized by the fact that the organopolysiloxane used is one composed of siloxane units having the general formulae (I) and (II), in which R is a univalent hydrocarbon residue with 1 to 18 carbon atoms per residue; A is a residue having the general formula (a), in which R.sup.1 is a residue having the formula --CR.sup.3 H--, where R.sup.3 stands for a hydrogen atom or a univalent organic residue; R.sup.2 is a residue having the formulae --CR.sup.4 H--CH.sub.2 -- or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- where R.sup.4 stands for a hydrogen atom or a univalent organic residue; v and w represent each O or an integer, the sum of v+w being in average 0 to 16; x and y represent each 0 or 1, the sum x+y being 1 or 2; a equals 1,2 or 3; b equals 0, 1 or 2 and c equals 1 or 2, the sum b+c not exceeding 3.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 24, 1993
    Date of Patent: December 12, 1995
    Assignee: Wacker-Chemie GmbH
    Inventors: Christian Herzig, Willibald Burger, Ernst Innertsberger, Peter Huber, Martina Blochl
  • Patent number: 5435811
    Abstract: Organosilicone materials that are "density-matched" to the hydrocarbon medium also act as defoamers in hydrocarbon fuel, specifically as described herein for diesel fuel. Specifically these new defoamers can be described as alkylmethylsiloxanes. They have the characteristics of being slightly soluble or insoluble in water and hydrocarbon fuels. By changing the solvent and the method of dispersion, different particle size distributions are obtained.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 19, 1993
    Date of Patent: July 25, 1995
    Assignee: Dow Corning Corporation
    Inventors: Kenneth C. Fey, Christopher S. Combs
  • Patent number: 5435224
    Abstract: A floating torch burning polydimethylsiloxane to provide a decoy over the termediate infrared spectrum of a ship.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 4, 1979
    Date of Patent: July 25, 1995
    Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy
    Inventors: John Andreotti, Abraham Hirschman