Abstract: A two-cycle oil composition comprising: (a) 10-20% of a first synthetic ester base stock oil (a copolymer of an alpha-olefin with an ester of a dicarboxylic acid, viscosity 20 to 50 cSt at 100.degree. C.); (b) 18-30% of a second synthetic ester base stock oil (an oxo alcohol of a dicarboxylic acid, viscosity 3 to 10 cSt at 100.degree. C.; (c) 30-40% of a polybutene polymer (Mn 300-1500); (d) 15-25% of a nor liquid solvent (boiling point up to 300.degree. C., flash point of 60 .degree.-120.degree. C.); (e) 0.2 to 2.0% of an oil soluble copper compound, and (f) 0 to 5% of other lubricating oil additives.

Abstract: A dendrimer-based cold flow additive material.

Abstract: A method and composition for improving the mechanical efficiency of a engine is provided. Ultra-high molecular weight polyisobutylene (PIB) added to the fuel changes the momentary mechanical properties of the fuel during induction. The additive provides a more uniform spray droplet size, increases the extensional viscosity of the fuel, and adapts other physical properties, under induction conditions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to transparent candle compositions, and methods of preparation thereof, comprised of a clear gel obtained by combining a liquid base material of a hydrogenated polyolefin, a gelling agent, and, optionally, a gel enhancing agent so as to produce either a pourable or non-pourable gel.

Abstract: Polymers (including copolymers) derived from one or more olefins, such including ethylene and C.sub.3 -C.sub.20 .alpha.-olefins such as propylene and 1-butene, which polymers have (a) an average ethylene sequence length, ESL, of from about 1.0 to less than about 3.0; (b) an average of at least 5 branches per 100 carbon atoms of the polymer chains comprising the polymer; (c) at least about 50% of said branches being methyl and/or ethyl branches; (d) at least about 30% of said polymer chains terminated with a vinyl or vinylene group; (e) a number average molecular weight, Mn, of from about 300 to about 15,000 when the polymer is intended for dispersant or wax crystal modifier uses and up to about 500,000 where intended for viscosity modifier uses; and (f) substantial solubility in hydrocarbon and/or synthetic base oil.

Abstract: Homo- or co-polymers derived from one or more alpha-olefins having a number average molecular weight of up to 15,000 and an isotacticity of 75% or greater, and their use as Cold Flow Improvers in crude, fuel or lubricating oil.

Abstract: Wax crystal modifiers for fuel oils are derived from ethylene-alpha olefin polymers with terminal unsaturation, preferably obtained by polymerization in the presence of a metallocene catalyst, optionally together with other cold flow improvers.

Abstract: Fuel composition for internal combustion engines which comprises a larger portion of fuel and a smaller quantity of a composition of hydrocarbon oligomers almost totally saturated, characterized in that the above composition of almost totally saturated hydrocarbon oligomers: 1) is obtained by the oligomerization and subsequent hydrogenation of a hydrocarbon composition comprising basically C.sub.13 -C.sub.18, preferably C.sub.15 -C.sub.16, internal oligomers, in a quantity of more than 90% by weight, 2) is basically without any possible hydrocarbons having a number of carbon atoms equal to or less than 13, 3) has a viscosity at 100.degree. C. of betweem 5.0 and 12.0 cSt, particularly from 7.3 to 8.4 cSt.

Abstract: A biodegradable two-cycle oil composition which comprises a C.sub.13 oxo alcohol adipate in admixture with a dispersant and a lubricity agent; it is especially useful for outboard marine engines.

Abstract: A fuel mixture containing an ionic complex of an amine salt of a phosphoric acid is effective in reducing the smoke emitted during operation of a two-cycle internal combustion engine. A preferred phosphoric acid derivative is dioctyldithiophosphate. A preferred primary amine component is dihydrogenated tallow amine.

Abstract: Wax crystal modifiers for fuel oils are derived from ethylene-alpha olefin polymers with terminal unsaturation, preferably obtained by polymerization in the presence of a metallocene catalyst, optionally together with other cold flow improvers.

Abstract: Compounds with general formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 40 carbon atoms. R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 12 carbon atoms, A, B, and C, which may be identical or different, each represent a divalent hydrocarbon group containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms, n is a whole number from 5 to 50, m and p are each zero or a whole number from 1 to 25, and the sum n+m+p is a whole number from 5 to 50.These compounds are used in multifunctional additive compositions for fuels used in internal combustion engines, in particular spark ignition engines, in admixture with at least one compound selected from the group formed by detergent-dispersant compounds, and at least one compound selected from the group formed by mineral or synthetic lubricating oils and polyglycols which are soluble in said fuels.

Abstract: An additive comprising an oil-soluble polymer of a C2 to C6 mono-olefin such as polyisobutylene, which polymer has a molecular weight of less than about 500, is used in a fuel oil to reduce, on combustion of the fuel oil, one or more of particulate emissions, hydrocarbon emissions, carbon monoxide emissions, and oxides of nitrogen emissions.

Abstract: Chlorine-free polyfunctional polyisobutenes are described that can be modified by amines, alcohols and/or amino alcohols to result in additives that can be used in the petroleum field in particular in fuels and engine lubricants.They are prepared by radical terpolymerization of isobutene, maleic anhydride and polyisobutene having an average content of "exo" end double bonds of at least 50%.

Abstract: An additive composition for fuels comprising at least one constituent (A) and at least one constituent (B), the said constituent (A) comprising at least one multinitrogen-containing compound of general formula (I): ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which are the same or different each represent a hydrocarbon group or a group of formula R.sup.5 --(--O--R.sup.6 --).sub.a --(--O--R.sup.7 --).sub.b --, R.sup.3 is a hydrocarbon group or a group of formula R.sup.8 --(--X--R.sup.9 --).sub.c --(--X--R.sup.1 O--).sub.d --(--X--R.sup.1 1--).sub.e -- in which X is selected from the groups --O-- and --NR.sup.1 2--, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, R.sup.1 0 and R.sup.1 1 each represent a hydrocarbon group, a, d and e are each zero or a whole number, b and c are each a whole number, R.sup.4 and R.sup.1 2 each represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group and n is a number from 0 to 20 and the said constituent (B) comprises at least one polyglycol which is soluble in the fuel in question.

Abstract: Lead-free, high-octane gasolines are made up of a selected class of C.sub.5 -paraffinic and C.sub.6 -hydrocarbons and a methyl-t-butylether compound (MTBE) such that they have specified physical properties of research octane numbers, Reid vapor pressures, densities at 15.degree. C. and sulfur contents and also have blended specified amounts of the MTBE compound and of those hydrocarbons to satisfy the requirements as determined by several specified equations. Startability of a cold automobile engine is conspicuously improved and emission of NOx reduced.

Abstract: A gasoline detergent additive composition comprising a) the reaction product of a 4-alkyl-2-morpholinone and an alkylphenoxypolyoxyalkylene amine; b) the reaction product of a polyalkenyl succinic acid anhydride and a polyethylene polyamine; and c) a polyalphaolefin. A motor fuel composition is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a zeolite beta catalyst characterized by critical limits of weak and strong acid species and exceptionally high catalytic activity. The catalyst is activated at a temperature effective to substantially reduce the concentration of strong acid species, i.e., hydronium cations, without substantially reducing the concentration of weak acid species, i.e., hydroxoaluminum cations, preferably following a calcining step wherein a synthesized zeolite beta catalyst containing a templating agent is calcined at a temperature in the range of from about 200.degree. to 1000.degree. C. in order to remove a substantial portion of the catalyst templating agent and an ion-exchanging step wherein the calcined catalyst is ion-exchanged with a salt solution containing at least one hydrogen forming cation selected from NH.sub.4.sup.+ and quaternary ammonium. Conversion processes utilizing the catalyst of the invention also are disclosed.

Abstract: A specified gasoline capable of maintaining a high octane number and reducing the amount of NOx to be contained in exhaust gases when consumed, which comprises as essential components(A) 3-30 vol. % of methyl-t.-butyl ether and(B) 1-15 vol. % of light straight-run naphtha with the balance being a base gasoline, the amounts of the components (A) and (B) being each based on the amount of the specified gasoline.

Abstract: Polyalkyl acrylates and methacrylates, suitable for improvement of the viscosity index, are used as oil additives imparting improved dispersant and detergent effects in diesel and gasoline engines, said polyalkyl acrylates or methacrylates being copolymers comprising from 80 to 99.5 parts by weight of alkyl acrylates of methacrylates of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or methyl and R.sub.1 is alkyl having from 6 to 24, and preferably from 8 to 20, carbon atoms, together with from 0.5 to 20 parts by weight of at least one functionalized alkyl methacrylate of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or methyl and R.sub.2 is alkyl having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and substituted with at least one OH group, or is a polyalkoxylated group of the formula ##STR3## wherein R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are hydrogen or methyl, R.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid fuel mixture, comprising a C.sub.3 and/or at least a C.sub.4 -alkane, at least one oil component and optionally at least one additive, a process for its preparation and its use for two-stroke engines.

Abstract: Deposits on intake valves in gasoline internal combustion engines are reduced by an additive for fuel compositions comprising a mixture of (1) a polyalkylene succinimide, (2) a polyalkylene and (3) a mineral oil. The invention also comprises a fuel composition made up of a major amount of liquid hydrocarbon fuel such as gasoline or diesel and a minor amount of the aforesaid mixture. In still another aspect the invention comprises a method for removing and/or preventing engine deposits which adversely affect the performance of gasoline powered engines by running the engine with a fuel containing an effective amount of the previously described mixture.

Abstract: The fluidity at low temperatures of compositions based on liquid hydrocarbons from refining is improved by the addition, preferably in solution, of ethylene/propylene/(conjugated diene) copolymers or terpolymers, containing 20-55% of propylene, optionally degraded by thermo-oxidation, and structurally characterized by values of at least one of X.sub.2 and X.sub.4 parameters, which are equal to, or lower than, about 0.02, indicative of the absence in the polymeric chain of propylene linking inversions.

Abstract: This invention describes phenothiazine derivatives which are N-substituted and which contain an additional sulfur molecule in the N substituent.

Abstract: A novel oil-soluble polyether diamine compound, a concentrate comprising the compound dissolved in a hydrocarbon solvent, and a haze-free, deposit-resistant and ORI-inhibited motor fuel composition comprising the compound is described. Motor fuel compositions comprising the novel polyether diamine compound of the instant invention are haze-free and improve ORI control and carbonaceous deposit inhibition in motor fuels. Motor fuel compositions of the instant invention may optionally comprise a polyolefin polymer/copolymer component having a molecular weight range of about 500-3500.

Abstract: A motor fuel composition which inhibits engine ORI and intake valve deposit formation and sticking comprises a mixture of hydrocarbons boiling in the range of 90.degree. F.-450.degree. F. and (I) the reaction product of a hydrocarbyl-substituted dibasic acid anhydride and a polyoxyalkylene diamine; (II) a polymeric component which is a polyolefin polymer, copolymer, or the corresponding aminated or hydrogenated polymer or copolymer, or mixtures thereof, of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 hydrocarbon; (III) a polyalkylene glycol having a molecular weight in the range of 500-2000; and (IV) a lubricating oil composition.