Abstract: A device and a method for producing fascines in particular straw-fiber fascines, coconut-fiber fascines, wood-fiber fascines, and hemp-fiber fascines are provided. The device comprises a plurality of conveyor screws for conveying fibrous material such as straw fibers, coconut fibers, wood fibers, or hemp fibers, in a tubular element for filling the fibrous material into a tubular net. Moreover, the device comprises a distributor box. The distributor box has an interior space having an infeed opening for infeeding the fibrous material, and one or a plurality of base-side openings. The base-side openings herein serve for in-feeding fibrous material from the distributor box to the conveyor screws.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to methods and apparatus for subjecting coarsely divided solid material, such as solid fossil fuels, to microwave radiation using gravity feed through a chamber and protecting irradiating windows by placement outside the angle of repose.

Abstract: A device for upgrading a solid organic material into a resulting product comprises a reactor with an organic material inlet, and a flue gas inlet adapted to introduce flue gas into the reactor, an input driver adapted to continuously transfer the solid organic material to the organic material inlet, an output driver adapted to continuously transfer the solid organic material out of the reactor, a gas flow element operatively connected to the flue gas inlet permitting flue gas to mix with the solid organic material but restricting flow of the solid organic material away from the flue gas inlet, and a rapid cooling device operatively connected to the output driver and adapted to apply a heat transfer liquid directly onto the solid organic material and thereby form the resulting product.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for producing horticultural or fuel peat, in which the peat is removed from a bog, the removed peat is transferred from the bog to a drying field a distance away, in which the moved peat is dried, mainly by exploiting direct solar energy, so that the peat dries due to the effect of the solar radiation and the wind, after drying, the peat is moved from the drying location to further use or storage. The drying field is a special surfaced field, essentially impermeable to water, created for drying, and the peat is spread on the field as a thin 1-15 cm layer of a high-consistency mass, with a solids content of 8-30%.

Abstract: An improved process for the production of smokeless (low CO2—CO emitting) boiler fuels which have been obtained by careful temperature control and the addition of waste, trash or other carbonaceous material during carbonization of various coal materials such as tar sands, bituminous coal, peat lignite, and oil shale.

Abstract: An apparatus for the extraction of peat comprising an outer tank (1) and an inner tank compartment (3) having perforated walls (4,23) and being the actual container for peat to be extracted. Feeding pipes (13) for the supply of extracting medium extend into the inner tank compartment (3) while at least one outflow opening (7-11) is connected to the outer tank (1). Between the inner tank compartment (3) and the outer tank (1), there is a free space (38) filled with extracting medium. Preferably, the medium is supplied to a plurality of orifices within the inner tank compartment (3), and particularly to at least two different levels.

Abstract: A fuel coal processing system is provided which consists of a centrifugal type pulverizer, a coal purifier and an optional fuel coal size classifier, all combined into one integral, cooperatively acting, fuel coal preparation device. The pulverizer consists of a pair of opposed multicup concentric ring rotors, mounted on a common axis, counter rotating at relatively high speed, an axially located feed tube through which material is fed into the center of the rotor system and then is thrown tangentially, progressively and outwardly from ring to ring on each of the counter rotating rotors thereby being reduced in size by the repeated high speed impacts and skidding abrasion associated with the process.