Abstract: An impact control system includes a supporting structure with gravity compensation mechanism, and a supporting bed which is supported by the supporting structure and supports an impact target. Here, the supporting structure includes an elastic element, a vertical support to which one end of the elastic element is fixed, a horizontal support to which the other end of the elastic element is fixed, and which is rotatable around a rotation axis disposed at one end of the horizontal support meeting an end of the vertical support, and a weight support part which is connected to the other end of the horizontal support and supports the supporting bed while contacting a lower surface of the supporting bed.

Abstract: A vacuum encapsulated, hermetically sealed cathode capsule for generating an electron beam of secondary electrons, which generally includes a cathode element having a primary emission surface adapted to emit primary electrons, an annular insulating spacer, a diamond window element comprising a diamond material and having a secondary emission surface adapted to emit secondary electrons in response to primary electrons impinging on the diamond window element, a first cold-weld ring disposed between the cathode element and the annular insulating spacer and a second cold-weld ring disposed between the annular insulating spacer and the diamond window element. The cathode capsule is formed by a vacuum cold-weld process such that the first cold-weld ring forms a hermetical seal between the cathode element and the annular insulating spacer and the second cold-weld ring forms a hermetical seal between the annular spacer and the diamond window element whereby a vacuum encapsulated chamber is formed within the capsule.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for reducing lumen depreciation caused by other than lamp lumen depreciation. In one aspect, manufacturing and assembly of the fixture uses clean-room light techniques. In another aspect of the invention, materials that have a propensity to outgas are shielded from direct exposure to light energy. Other aspects of the invention include other methodologies to eliminate causes for lumen depreciation.

Abstract: Methods for fabricating field emission display devices. A first substrate is provided. A cathode structure is formed on the first substrate. A surface treatment procedure is performed on the first substrate with cathode structure thereon. A second substrate opposing the first substrate is provided and assembled in vacuum with a wall rib therebetween. The surface treatment procedure includes free radical oxidization and a supercritical CO2 fluid cleaning.

Abstract: A method for operating a charged particle beam emitting device and, in particular, an electron beam emitting device including a cold field emitter is provided. The method includes the steps of placing the cold field emitter in a vacuum of a given pressure, the emitter exhibiting a high initial emission current I0 and a lower stable mean emission current IS under a given electric extraction field; applying the given electric extraction field to the emitter for emitting electrons from the emitter surface; performing a cleaning process by applying at least one heating pulse to the cold field emitter for heating the emitter surface, whereby the cleaning process is performed before the emission current of the cold field emitter has declined to the lower stable mean emission value IS; and repeating the cleaning process to keep the emission current of the emitter continuously above the substantially stable emission value IS.

Abstract: A method is provided for in situ cleaning of spacers (42) separating an anode (14) and cathode (12) of a flat panel display (10) in a vacuum by impacting electrons upon the spacers (42).

Abstract: In a producing method for an electron beam emitting device, a position of a stray emission source constituting an unnecessary electron emitting part on a cathode substrate is detected, and an energy is locally applied to the detected position thereby eliminating the stray emission source, thereby providing an excellent electron beam apparatus without a deterioration in a constituent member or a trouble by an accidental discharge.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing an electron-emitting device, an electroconductive film formed on a substrate is subjected to a clean processing to remove a foreign matter from the electroconductive film, and thereafter, energization is conducted on the electroconductive film, to form an electron-emitting region. Accordingly, there is provided an electron-emitting device which avoids a formation defect of the electron-emitting region due to the existence of the foreign matter and which has satisfactory characteristics without fluctuation.

Abstract: In order to suppress defect modes such as shrinkage or unevenness in light-emission in a light emitting element and to shorten a time needed for a pretreatment for forming a layer containing an organic compound (EL layer), according to the present invention, a light emitting element is formed by forming a first electrode that is electrically connected to a source region or a drain region of a thin film transistor, forming an insulating film to cover an edge portion of the first electrode, performing a plasma treatment on the first electrode and the insulating film in an atmosphere containing argon and oxygen, then, forming a layer containing an organic compound (EL layer) over the first electrode and the insulating film, and forming a second electrode over the layer containing an organic compound (EL layer).

Abstract: The invention provides a charged particle beam device, an emitter module for emitting charged particle beams and a method of operation thereof. Thereby, a charged particle beam emitter (15) emitting charged particles along an optical axis (1) is realized. On the same carrier body (32), a cleaning emitter (16) for emitting charged particles approximately along the optical axis (1) is realized. Thus, an improved cleaning can be provided.

Abstract: An electron emission device comprising an electron emission element (1) having a lower electrode (2), an upper electrode (5) consisting of a thin film, the surface of the upper electrode (5) being exposed to external space, and a semiconductor layer (4) formed between the lower electrode and the upper electrode, a counter electrode (21) provided to face the upper electrode (5) across the external space, a fine particle charging voltage control unit (22) for applying a voltage that charges fine particles deposited on the surface of the upper electrode (5) to between the upper electrode (5) and the lower electrode (2), and flying voltage control unit (23) for applying a voltage that sends charged fine particles flying from the surface of the upper electrode (5) to between the upper electrode (5) and the counter electrode (21), wherein the fine particle charging voltage control unit is operated to charge deposited fine particles, and the flying voltage control unit is operated to sent charged fine particles flyi

Abstract: A light emitting element has been fabricated by making a barrier having a curved surface having a radius of curvature at the upper portion or lower portion, washing a surface of an anode with a porous sponge in order to remove minute grains dotted on the surface of the anode, and performing the vacuum heating in order to remove absorbed water of a whole of a substrate on which a TFT and the barrier have been provided immediately before a layer containing an organic compound is formed.

Abstract: A vicinity part of a high-voltage feeding anode terminal, embedded in a funnel part and having a part thereof exposed on an outer wall surface of the funnel part, is washed with a hydrofluoric acid solution to remove a moisture-absorptive deposited substance adhering to the outer wall surface. According to a manufacturing method of this invention, anode leak failure due to unwanted discharge of the vicinity part of the high-voltage feeding anode can be restrained, and a projection cathode ray tube having an excellent display characteristic can be provided.

Abstract: A metal ion emission device for emitting a metal ion by applying voltage to a molten liquid metal includes a needle-like part having an internal opening in which the liquid metal can be moved. The needle-like part has a first opening for supplying the liquid metal to the opening and a second opening for emitting the liquid metal as a metal ion.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing plasma display panels includes using a firing device that allows preferable firing of panel components by cleaning each setter. A cleaning section provided in a lower passage of the firing device allows removal and cleaning of abrasion powder generated while setter is transported by rotation of rollers. This reduces attachment or mixing of abrasion powder to a panel component.

Abstract: An image display apparatus is provided, in which the generation of discharge can be suppressed and a preferable display image can be obtained. A method of manufacturing an image display apparatus having an airtight container including a rear plate having a plurality of electron-emitting devices and a face plate which is located opposite to the rear plate and has a phosphor and an electroconductive film, includes the steps of, (A) disposing the rear plate having the plurality of electron-emitting devices and the face plate having the phosphor and the electroconductive film such that the rear plate and the face plate are opposite to each other and arranging a plurality of plate shaped spacers between the rear plate and the face plate to assemble the airtight container, and (B) applying an electric field between the rear plate and the face plate in a state that the airtight container is slanted such that a longitudinal direction of the plate-shaped spacers is not perpendicular to a gravitational direction.

Abstract: In a method for removing impurities of a plasma display panel capable of shortening panel aging time by removing impurities of an upper and a lower substrates under vacuum gas circumstances, the method includes fabricating an upper substrate and a lower substrate; removing impurities of the upper and lower substrates by using at least one of a plasma-cleaning process in which a discharge is performed under vacuum gas circumstances and a heating process in which heating is performed; assembling the impurities removed upper and lower substrates; exhausting gas inside the assembled upper and lower substrates and injecting a discharge gas; and aging the discharge gas injected-plasma display panel.

Abstract: A knocking treatment method in a flat-type display device in which a first substrate provided with a first electrode and a second substrate provided with a second electrode are disposed with a vacuum space interposed between the first and second substrates and the first substrate and the second substrate are bonded to each other in their circumferential portions, the method comprising applying to the first electrode a pulse voltage V1 higher than a voltage to be applied to the second electrode to remove a projection present in the first electrode by field evaporation.

Abstract: A method for forming a protective layer for a dielectric material in an alternating current type plasma display is provided. In this connection, a coating sol solution is provided which can form a protective layer on a large area substrate without the need to introduce any expensive equipment, the protective layer thus formed being excellent in properties such as strength, adhesion, transparency, and protective properties and capable of being formed by a sol-gel process without use of the conventional vacuum process. The sol solution comprises a dispersion of a precursor to magnesium oxide in a specific form. A method for film formation, using this solution is also provided.

Abstract: Inert gas provided at a suitable level inside a hermetically sealed cathode-ray tube display, typically of the flat-panel type, enables the display's electron-emitting device (20) to be automatically cleaned during display operation subsequent to final display sealing. Upon being struck by electrons emitted by the electron-emitting device, atoms (68) of the inert gas ionize to produce positively charged ions (124) which travel backward to the electron-emitting device and dislodge overlying contaminant material (130 and 132). A getter (26) collects dislodged contaminant. A reservoir (28) provides inert gas to replace inert gas lost during the cleaning process.

Abstract: The manufacturing method of a flat panel display comprises facing a faceplate, which has a phosphor screen, to a rear plate, which has an electron emitting element, with a predetermined gap, and joining. At least one of a rear plate (20) and a faceplate (10) is accommodated in an electron beam cleaning chamber (42, 46), and, an electron beam (53) is irradiated onto the rear plate (20) or the faceplate (10) from an electron beam generator (52), which is disposed in the electron beam cleaning chamber (42, 46), in a vacuum atmosphere. Thereby, a surface adsorbed gas is sufficiently degassed. Thus, by sufficiently degassing the surface adsorbed gas in the display, the inside of a vacuum vessel as an envelope can be maintained in a high vacuum state.

Abstract: A plasma display panel, fabricating apparatus and method thereof for reducing a process time for a PDP fabrication as well as prevent degradation of a panel channel characteristic and panel damage. The fabricating apparatus includes airtight equipment to form a passivation layer. The passivation layer can be formed by forming a MgO passivation layer on a first substrate, then cleaning the first substrate having the MgO passivation layer and a second substrate. Next, impurities can be removed from the first and second substrates. Finally, a coating of a UV-hardening sealant can be applied on the first substrate, where the sealant can be hardened to bond the first and second substrates to each other.

Abstract: A method of cleaning the neck of a funnel of a CRT during the manufacture thereof. The method comprises: inserting a drain tube within the neck, wherein a gap exists between the drain tube and the neck; directing a fluid through the gap; and draining the fluid that was directed through the gap through the drain tube, whereby the fluid removes material from the neck that was applied during a prior coating process and any dirt. The drain tube is part of a cleaning apparatus that further comprises a housing and a labyrinth flow controller positioned within the housing adjacent to the drain tube forming a laminar flow section whereby fluid is directed through the housing and into the tube.

Abstract: A gas discharge panel manufacturing method that includes a dielectric layer forming process and a protective layer forming process for respectively forming a dielectric layer and a protective layer on a panel, the manufacturing method including a dielectric layer cleaning process for cleaning a surface of the dielectric layer formed on the panel, prior to the protective layer forming process.

Abstract: A display device and a method for making and operating the display device are described. The display device comprises a base plate containing at least one emitter, a display screen, and a spacer located between the base plate and display screen, where the spacer has a high concentration of an emitter-cleaning material. The spacer may comprise a xerogel or aerogel material and the emitter-cleaning material may comprise hydrogen. The spacer and a method for making the spacer and using the spacer to clean an emitter are also described. The spacer material cleans the emitter by absorbing gases during fabrication of the display device and desorbing emitter-cleaning gases during operation of the display device. By keeping the emitter clean, the spacer retains the work function of the emitter at a low level, thereby prolonging the usefulness of the display device.

Abstract: A method of cleaning the neck of a funnel of a CRT during the manufacture thereof. The method comprises: inserting a drain tube within the neck, wherein a gap exists between the drain tube and the neck; directing a fluid through the gap; and draining the fluid that was directed through the gap through the drain tube, whereby the fluid removes material from the neck that was applied during a prior coating process and any dirt. The drain tube is part of a cleaning apparatus that further comprises a housing and a labyrinth flow controller positioned within the housing adjacent to the drain tube forming a laminar flow section whereby fluid is directed through the housing and into the tube.

Abstract: A method of removing contaminant particles from faceplates in newly fabricated field emission displays so that a uniform distribution of contaminants is achieved at the emitter sites of the display. During the initial operation of a field emission dislay device contaminants are removed from the display faceplate by electron induced desorption. The emission current profile at the emitter sites is selected so that the distribution of readsorbed contaminants is equalized. The variations in current emission compensate for shadowing effects due to spacer walls to produce a uniform readsorption distribution. The emitter sites may driven using an animated contrast image at a constant current for the display.

Abstract: An image display appratus is manufactured by processing a panel member through a plurality of chambers including ones for a bake processing and a getter processing. The getter processng is performed at a temperature lower than a temperature of the panel member subjected to the bake processing, to prevent degrading of a getter film.

Abstract: An ultrasonic wave is oscillated from an ultrasonic generator toward a shadow mask to permit the ultrasonic wave to remove the foreign matter attached to the shadow mask, thereby cleaning the shadow mask. A part of the ultrasonic wave oscillated from the ultrasonic generator toward the shadow mask is reflected by a reflector toward the shadow mask so as to irradiate the shadow mask.

Abstract: A method of cleaning the neck of a funnel of a CRT during the manufacture thereof. The method comprises: inserting a drain tube within the neck, wherein a gap exists between the drain tube and the neck; directing a fluid through the gap; and draining the fluid that was directed through the gap through the drain tube, whereby the fluid removes material from the neck that was applied during a prior coating process and any dirt. The drain tube is part of a cleaning apparatus that further comprises a housing and a labyrinth flow controller positioned within the housing adjacent to the drain tube forming a laminar flow section whereby fluid is directed through the housing and into the tube.

Abstract: A display device and a method for making and operating the display device are described. The display device comprises a base plate containing at least one emitter, a display screen, and a spacer located between the base plate and display screen, where the spacer has a high concentration of an emitter-cleaning material. The spacer may comprise a xerogel or aerogel material and the emitter-cleaning material may comprise hydrogen. The spacer and a method for making the spacer and using the spacer to clean an emitter are also described. The spacer material cleans the emitter by absorbing gases during fabrication of the display device and desorbing emitter-cleaning gases during operation of the display device. By keeping the emitter clean, the spacer retains the work function of the emitter at a low level, thereby prolonging the usefulness of the display device.

Abstract: A liquid metal ion source comprises a reservoir storing a metal to be ionized and a needle electrode to which the metal is fed from the reservoir wherein the size of small pits formed in at least a cone surface of the needle electrode is 0.1 &mgr;m-1.5 &mgr;m and the small pits exist in the cone surface of the needle electrode in a density of 5×104 number/mm2-5×106 number/mm2 the small pits being formed by chemically etching.

Abstract: A lightweight cathode ray tube is formed by reducing a cross-sectional area on the apeture grill tapes in the aperture grill. One exemplary embodiment of the reduced cross-sectional area aperture grill tape includes a central longitudinal channel in a side of the aperture grill tape that faces away from the screen. The reduction in cross-sectional area reduces a linear density of the tape thereby decreasing the tension required by the frame. As each of the aperture grill tapes includes this central longitudinal channel, the weight of the overall aperture grill is significantly reduced and the aperture grill frame weight is reduced due to the lower aperture grill tension. A method for producing the reduced cross-sectional area aperture grill tape is possible without significantly increasing the cost of manufacturing the aperture grill tape.

Abstract: A method for cleansing the phosphor screen of a display device comprising the removal of oxygen or sulfur from the surface of the phosphor, and/or its associated binder material, to a depth that prevents oxygen diffusion from the phosphor and/or binder, thereby creating an oxygen deficient surface on the phosphors.

Abstract: In a method for fabricating a field emission device, a cathode electrode is first formed on a substrate and an emitter having a carbon-based material is formed on the cathode electrode. After an emitter surface treatment agent is deposited on the substrate to cover the emitter, the emitter surface treatment agent and hardened and removed from the substrate such that the carbon-based material contained in the emitter can be exposed out of a surface of the emitter.

Abstract: Disclosed is a plasma display panel, fabricating apparatus and method thereof enabling to reduce a process time for a PDP fabrication as well as prevent a degradation of a panel channel characteristic and panel damage.

Abstract: By desorption processing of a flat panel display in a vacuum before hermetic sealing, it is possible to reduce operational outgassing. The first embodiment involves plasma scrubbing, the second embodiment involves electron irradiation pre-aging, and the third embodiment involves electron irradiation pre-aging of the faceplate in an evacuation process.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electron source with electron emitting elements is provided. The method has a process of depositing a deposit substance in an area including at least an area of the electron emitting element from which area electrons are emitted. The depositing process is performed in an atmosphere of a gas containing at least a source material of the deposit substance, the gas having a mean free path allowing the gas to take a viscous flow state.

Abstract: A method for cleansing the phosphor screen of a display device comprising the removal of oxygen or sulfur from the surface of the phosphor, and/or its associated binder material, to a depth that prevents oxygen diffusion from the phosphor and/or binder, thereby creating an oxygen deficient surface on the phosphors.

Abstract: A flat panel display that has internal components that are cleaned using a dry cleaning treatment. The cleaned internal components include a matrix structure, a focus structure and a support structure. The dry cleaning treatment removes contaminants from the surfaces of the internal components. By cleaning the internal components, contaminants are removed that can deleteriously affect the performance of the display. The cleaned support structure has uniform resistance and does not produce spatially nonuniform resistivity over time. This prevents regions of the visible display that are not properly illuminated and minimizes the possibility of arcing.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing an image display apparatus, a first member having an electron-emitting device and a second member having a phosphor which is irradiated with an electron emitted from the electron-emitting device to emit light are seal-bonded in a seal bonding chamber in which a vacuum atmosphere is realized. An aging step for the electron-emitting device is performed before the step of seal-bonding.

Abstract: The present invention includes a low voltage, high current density, large area cathode for scrubbing of cathodoluminescent layers. The cathodoluminescent layers are formed on a transparent conductive layer formed on a transparent insulating viewing screen to provide a faceplate. An electrical coupling is formed to the transparent conductive layer to provide a return path for electrons. The faceplate and the cathodoluminescent layers are placed on a conveyor in a vacuum. The cathodoluminescent layers are irradiated with an electron beam having a density of greater than one hundred microamperes/cm2. The electron beam may be provided by a cathode including an insulating base, a first post secured to the insulating base near a first edge of the insulating base and a second post including a spring-loaded tip secured to the insulating base near a second edge of the insulating base.

Abstract: The present invention includes a low voltage, high current density, large area cathode for scrubbing of cathodoluminescent layers. The cathodoluminescent layers are formed on a transparent conductive layer formed on a transparent insulating viewing screen to provide a faceplate. An electrical coupling is formed to the transparent conductive layer to provide a return path for electrons. The faceplate and the cathodoluminescent layers are placed on a conveyer in a vacuum. The cathodoluminescent layers are irradiated with an electron beam having a density of greater than one hundred microamperes/cm2. The electron beam may be provided by a cathode including an insulating base, a first post secured to the insulating base near a first edge of the insulating base and a second post including a spring-loaded tip secured to the insulating base near a second edge of the insulating base.

Abstract: The present invention includes a low voltage, high current density, large area cathode for scrubbing of cathodoluminescent layers. The cathodoluminescent layers are formed on a transparent conductive layer formed on a transparent insulating viewing screen to provide a faceplate. An electrical coupling is formed to the transparent conductive layer to provide a return path for electrons. The faceplate and the cathodoluminescent layers are placed on a conveyer in a vacuum. The cathodoluminescent layers are irradiated with an electron beam having a density of greater than one hundred microamperes/cm2. The electron beam may be provided by a cathode including an insulating base, a first post secured to the insulating base near a first edge of the insulating base and a second post including a spring-loaded tip secured to the insulating base near a second edge of the insulating base.

Abstract: The present invention includes a low voltage, high current density, large area cathode for scrubbing of cathodoluminescent layers. The cathodoluminescent layers are formed on a transparent conductive layer fonned on a transparent insulating viewing screen to provide a faceplate. An electrical coupling is formed to the transparent conductive layer to provide a return path for electrons. The faceplate and the cathodoluminescent layers are placed on a conveyer in a vacuum. The cathodoluminescent layers are irradiated with an electron beam having a density of greater than one hundred microamperes/cm2. The electron beam may be provided by a cathode including an insulating base, a first post secured to the insulating base near a first edge of the insulating base and a second post including a spring-loaded tip secured to the insulating base near a second edge of the insulating base.

Abstract: The present invention includes a low voltage, high current density, large area cathode for scrubbing of cathodoluminescent layers. The cathodoluminescent layers are formed on a transparent conductive layer formed on a transparent insulating viewing screen to provide a faceplate. An electrical coupling is formed to the transparent conductive layer to provide a return path for electrons. The faceplate and the cathodoluminescent layers are placed on a conveyer in a vacuum. The cathodoluminescent layers are irradiated with an electron beam having a density of greater than one hundred microamperes/cm2. The electron beam may be provided by a cathode including an insulating base, a first post secured to the insulating base near a first edge of the insulating base and a second post including a spring-loaded tip secured to the insulating base near a second edge of the insulating base.

Abstract: An image display appratus is manufactured by processing a panel member through a plurality of chambers including ones for a bake processing and a getter processing. The getter processng is performed at a temperature lower than a temperature of the panel member subjected to the bake processing, to prevent degrading of a getter film.

Abstract: An ultrasonic wave is oscillated from an ultrasonic generator toward a shadow mask to permit the ultrasonic wave to remove the foreign matter attached to the shadow mask, thereby cleaning the shadow mask. A part of the ultrasonic wave oscillated from the ultrasonic generator toward the shadow mask is reflected by a reflector toward the shadow mask so as to irradiate the shadow mask.

Abstract: The present invention includes a low voltage, high current density, large area cathode for scrubbing of cathodoluminescent layers. The cathodoluminescent layers are formed on a transparent conductive layer formed on a transparent insulating viewing screen to provide a faceplate. An electrical coupling is formed to the transparent conductive layer to provide a return path for electrons. The faceplate and the cathodoluminescent layers are placed on a conveyer in a vacuum. The cathodoluminescent layers are irradiated with an electron beam having a density of greater than one hundred microamperes/cm2. The electron beam may be provided by a cathode including an insulating base, a first post secured to the insulating base near a first edge of the insulating base and a second post including a spring-loaded tip secured to the insulating base near a second edge of the insulating base.

Abstract: The present invention includes a low voltage, high current density, large area cathode for scrubbing of cathodoluminescent layers. The cathodoluminescent layers are formed on a transparent conductive layer formed on a transparent insulating viewing screen to provide a faceplate. An electrical coupling is formed to the transparent conductive layer to provide a return path for electrons. The faceplate and the cathodoluminescent layers are placed on a conveyer in a vacuum. The cathodoluminescent layers are irradiated with an electron beam having a density of greater than one hundred microamperes/cm2. The electron beam may be provided by a cathode including an insulating base, a first post secured to the insulating base near a first edge of the insulating base and a second post including a spring-loaded tip secured to the insulating base near a second edge of the insulating base.