Abstract: Whole muscle slicing is accomplished in order to provide a plurality of meat slices, each of which is a single piece of meat, despite the fact that the muscle from which the slices originate had been reshaped prior to slicing in order to enhance slicing yield from each such muscle. The invention is particularly useful in forming roast beef slices which are used in preparing weight-controlled food products such as sandwiches.

Abstract: A process for controlling combustion of burners arranged in a plurality of respective control zones divided in a furnace, includes the step of repeating a cycle of successively subjecting the burners to combustion for a short time. At least one temperature sensor is fitted in each control zone, a time period during which each burner is subjected to combustion is controlled according to a difference between a temperature detected by the corresponding temperature sensor and a preset temperature in a respective control zone. An apparatus is also disclosed for effecting such a controlling process.

Abstract: The invention comprises a shirred food casing strand comprising tubular film food casing compressed along a longitudinal axis of the tubular film to form a compressed pleated strand. The strand has an internal longitudinal bore defined by sidewalls formed from said compressed tubular film. The bore has a first open end and the strand is provided with an end closure proximate a second end of the bore and which closes said bore proximate said second end. The end closure comprises a portion of said tubular film compressed within said bore proximate said second end. The compressed film portion has a vent therethrough. The compressed film portion tightly circumferentially contacts the walls of said bore at the location of the end closure and is hollow at one end of the compressed film portion and has an essentially flat surface at another end of the compressed film portion opposite the hollow end, said flat surface facing the first open end of said bore.

Abstract: A joining system for flat end discs is used in an elongated encased food product. The food casing is joined to the flat end discs permitting food stuffing of the casing. An adhesive joining, a clamping joining, a tension band joining or a piercing joining takes place in an area external to and within the peripheral boundaries of the flat end discs. The axial outward force of the food product on the discs is thus coupled to the axial tension of the casing joined to the discs.

Abstract: A joining system for flat end discs is used in an elongated encased food product. The food casing is joined to the flat end discs permitting food stuffing of the casing. An adhesive joining, a clamping joining, a tension band joining or a piercing joining takes place in an area external to and within the peripheral boundaries of the flat end discs. The axial outward force of the food product on the discs is thus coupled to the axial tension of the casing joined to the discs.

Abstract: Tubular food casings for preparing dimensionally uniform processed meat products with flat ends for maximizing yields for prepackaged product. Casings reinforced with one or more narrow polymeric bands securely bonded to the terminal ends of casing units are able to receive flat end plates which cooperate with the bands to form reliable end closures without clips and minimal casing requirements.

Abstract: An improved mechanism controls gathering plates for an apparatus for the creation of filled tubing products. The plate comprise a longitudinally stationary pair of plates and a longitudinally movable pair of plates. The apparatus includes a cylinder, a piston and an adjustable stop. The cylinder is attached to the movable gaathering plates. The fixed piston rod extends within the cylinder and has a piston within the cylinder. The stop is for stopping movement of the cylinder relative to the piston under the action of fluid moved into the cylinder. The stop is mounted on the cylinder and is adjustable to provide for adjustment of the stopping position of the cylinder relative to the piston.