Abstract: A GNSS receiver including a processing unit adapted to process radio signals transmitted from an active set of signal sources and based thereon produce position/time related data. The signals of the active set are processed in parallel with respect to a real-time signal data rate of the signals by a respective tracking channel resource allocated for each signal source. The processing unit also has a monitoring channel resource adapted to process radio signals transmitted from each of at least two signal sources in an additional set of signal sources different from the signal sources in the active set. The processing unit is adapted to process the radio signals of the additional set according to a cyclic processing sequence such that the signals from any of the signal sources in the additional set can be included into a navigation solution without delay.

Abstract: Information is transmitted from a radioterminal to a first base station via a first wireless link. A satellite is used to route the information from the first base station to a second base station via second wireless links between the satellite and the first base station and between the satellite and the second base station. At least one of the second wireless links is more spectrally efficient than the first wireless link. Related methods, systems and devices are disclosed.

Abstract: A method and system for GPS (Geographical Positioning System) synchronization of a femtocell, as defined in the application, in a wireless telecommunications network, the system including a Base Transceiver Station (a “sync-BTS”) for transmitting synchronization signals, a module for GPS synchronization coupled to the sync-BTS, at least one femtocell, and a processor in each femtocell for performing time and frequency synchronization on the sync-BTS over an air interface.

Abstract: Devices and methods are disclosed for reducing power control cushion of a user terminal configured to communicate with a satellite and a gateway station. The present invention provides a power control algorithm implemented in a user terminal that is designed to operate in a satellite communication system. The power control algorithm can recursively calculate a returnlink power to reduce a power control cushion so that an extra link margin is available to the satellite communication system. The present invention also provides a source coding technique that provides an accurate feedback signal for the user terminal. The average metric of input signal frames is coded in a sequence of bits that are carried by contiguous output signal frames.

Abstract: A relay node is provided for being interposed between at least one source node and at least one destination node. The relay node includes a receiver, a transmitter and a control unit. A transmission signal transmitted by the at least one source node is received by the relay node and modified by the control unit in a substantially pseudo-random manner to generate a time-varying signal that is transmitted by the relay node to the at least one destination node.

Abstract: High data rata communications services are provided via a satellite system. Data is received from a user at a data rate greater than 30 Mbps over a communications link between the user and a first satellite, where the first satellite is one of a number of satellites within the satellite system; the data is forwarded over a crosslink from the first satellite to at least a second satellite within the satellite system; and the data is forwarded from the second satellite by a feeder link to a gateway located on the earth, said gateway being communicatively coupled to a terrestrial data network. The data is received from the user terminal by an antenna on the first satellite adapted for operation at a frequency associated with the feeder link.

Abstract: A near-field communication (NFC) system may include a plurality of NFC devices each including an NFC circuit configured to wirelessly communicate using an NFC communications protocol, and a processor coupled to the NFC circuit. The processor may be configured to synchronize an internal timing signal to an external timing signal, cycle power to the NFC circuit to periodically switch the NFC circuit between a peer-to-peer recognition state and a low power state based upon the synchronized internal timing signal, and initiate peer-to-peer NFC communications with another one of the plurality of NFC devices when in range thereof and upon being switched to the peer-to-peer recognition state therewith.

Abstract: A transceiver circuit having 10 mb and 100 mb transmit and receive circuitries using the power saving methods of the present invention is disclosed. The power consumption of the transceiver circuit can be significantly reduced by providing each defined subcircuit with its own power supply and means of activation and deactivation. However, the method for activating and deactivating digital subcircuits and analog subcircuits are different and therefore different types of control signals and methods are provided. Furthermore, there are two general types of power-saving situations. The first type is near total circuit power-down and the second type is partial circuit power-down. The present invention in yet another embodiment discloses a method for minimizing energy usage during idle period.

Abstract: A communication system has a high altitude communication device that has an antenna for directing beams to a fixed cell pattern with a polarity of cells. A specific pattern of cells having the same communication resource is provided. Cells having the same resource may be separated. The antenna is shaped to suppress interference with locations having the same resource. The areas not having the same resource are not suppressed to allow the system to have maximum capacity and allow a smaller antenna aperture.

Abstract: A method of and system for calibrating a repeater in a wireless communications system are provided. The one or more calibration parameters for the repeater are derived from (a) time measurements derived from one or more signals relayed by the repeater and received at a plurality of different measurement positions, and (b) the positions of the measurement locations. In one application, the one or more parameters are used in determining the positions of subscriber stations in the wireless communications system.

Abstract: A satellite communication system includes a hub, a repeater, a scheduling unit, and a remote. The scheduling unit is configured to synchronize a communication of the system based on an elapsed time between (i) an arrival at the remote of a downstream reference frame transmitted by the hub and retransmitted by the repeater, and (ii) an arrival at the remote of an upstream frame transmitted by the remote and retransmitted by the repeater.

Abstract: A radio communication apparatus of the present invention aims at improving an error rate characteristic in the end receiver. A repeater (radio relay device) RS2 receives a signal transmitted from a repeater RS1 at a point of time of signal transmission from the repeater RS1, and detects whether or not an error exists in the signal at a point of time of transmission. Also, when the repeater RS2 detects the error from a systematic bit S of the transmitted signal from the repeater RS1, such repeater RS2 generates error position information EI, replace a part of a parity bit P with the error position information EI, and transmits a resultant signal. The error detection result is notified through the control channel. The mobile station (mobile terminal) MS makes an error correction based on the error position information EI, and demodulates the signal by executing an error correction decoding process.

Abstract: A radioterminal communications system includes an ancillary terrestrial component configured to receive from at least some of a plurality of radioterminals using frequencies from a first satellite frequency band (e.g., an L-band) and to transmit to at least some of the plurality of radioterminals using frequencies from a second satellite frequency band (e.g., an S-band). The system further includes a space-based component configured to communicate with the plurality of radioterminals using at least some of the frequencies from the first satellite frequency band and/or at least some of the frequencies from the second satellite frequency band. In some embodiments the ancillary terrestrial component communicates with radioterminals using a Time Division Duplex (TDD) mode and the space-based component communicates with the same or other radioterminals using a Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and/or a TDD mode.

Abstract: Systems and methods according to embodiment of the present invention prevent or otherwise mitigate data corruption and interference that may result when a communications on-the-move transmission is blocked by a radio relay link antenna transmitting on a shared frequency band. Harmful radiation that could affect persons blocking the line-of-sight of a COTM transmission is also prevented or mitigated. According to one embodiment of the present invention, if a building or other obstruction blocks the line-of-sight between a COTM antenna and a target satellite, the transmission will automatically cease, preventing or minimizing any potential interference that can occur, such as the interference to a radio relay link antenna operating atop a building. Similarly, persons who may have been in the line-of-sight will not be subjected to harmful radiation. COTM transmission remains offline until free line-of-sight is re-established.

Abstract: The invention provides for a mobile radio communications device, and related method, arranged for communication by way of at least two RATs and having at least first and second RAT systems and related respective automatic frequency controls for control of an internal clock of the device, the mobile radio communications device further including a search frequency controller for controlling the internal clock during an initial network search, the frequency controller and related method steps being arranged to be initiated at a nominal correction value at the start of the search procedure, and to depart from the said nominal value responsive to one of a receipt of a valid frequency error reading, or receipt of a request for a raster step during an initial network search procedure.

Abstract: A basestation in a cellular communication system corrects frequency errors in signals generated within the basestation. The frequency errors may be corrected on the basis of signals transmitted by one or more other basestations within the network. As an alternative, the basestation may request information from one or more mobile devices that are also able to detect transmissions from other basestations.

Abstract: A wireless communication system for transmitting signals having a wireless positioning system being responsive to incoming signals for processing the same to generate coordinate information for determining the position of said wireless communication system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The wireless communication system further includes a phase controller module being responsive to said coordinate information for controlling the phase of the output signals for transmission in a specified direction by performing beamforming, said wireless communication system for performing beamforming to increase the range of transmission of said output signals.

Abstract: A remote, a communications system, and a method in which the remote communicates with another remote via a repeater and also communicates with a hub. The remote includes a transceiver configured to receive a signal from the another remote, a measuring unit configured to measure a first offset, and a calculation unit configured to calculate a frequency offset for the signal based on (i) the first offset measured at the measuring unit, and (ii) a second offset measured at the hub.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for acquiring and demodulating a data stream transmitted in a communication system. A method in accordance with the present invention comprises finding a boundary of a physical layer frame (PLFrame) in the data stream, finding a first 26 bits of a Unique Word (UW) associated with the data stream, finding a scrambling code utilizing the UW, and using a decoding procedure to determine a modulation type and code rate used for desired signals within the data stream.

Abstract: A method for implementing a satellite fleet includes launching a group of satellites within a launch vehicle. In an embodiment, the satellites are structurally connected together through satellite outer load paths. After separation from the launch vehicle, nodal separation between the satellites is established by allowing one or more of the satellites to drift at one or more orbits having apogee altitudes below an operational orbit apogee altitude. A satellite is maintained in an ecliptic normal attitude during its operational life, in an embodiment. The satellite's orbit is efficiently maintained by a combination of axial, radial, and canted thrusters, in an embodiment. Satellite embodiments include a payload subsystem, a bus subsystem, an outer load path support structure, antenna assembly orientation mechanisms, an attitude control subsystem adapted to maintain the satellite in the ecliptic normal attitude, and an orbit maintenance/propulsion subsystem adapted to maintain the satellite's orbit.

Abstract: A demodulation section 13 receives a TDMA-TDD based phase-modulated burst signal of mobile communications and demodulates the burst signal by a synchronous detection system (or a quasi-synchronous detection system). The demodulation section 13 includes a frequency deviation compensation section and a carrier recovery section each having a loop filter 14 with three or more stages of time constants. The time constants are switched by a selector switch 15 based on a control signal from a demodulation control section 16. This achieves quick pull-in and jitter after convergence is minimized, thereby allowing highly efficient performance of frequency deviation compensation, etc. that is required for synchronous detection (or quasi-synchronous detection) without increasing the size of circuit.

Abstract: A communication device which implements a voice communicating function, a OS updating function, a voice recognition system, a tag function, a voice recognition noise filtering function, a sound/beep auto off function, a voice recognition system auto off function, a voice recognition email function, a voice communication text converting function, a target device location indicating function, an audio/video data capturing system, a caller ID function, a call blocking function, a navigation system, an auto emergency calling system, a cellular TV function, a GPS search engine function, a mobile ignition key function, a word processing function, a start up software function, and a stereo audio data output function.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses are presented for improved satellite communications. The satellite system may comprises at least one gateway, a satellite in orbit configured to communicate with the at least one gateway and provide a plurality of spot beams, and a plurality of subscriber terminals. The spot beams may include a first spot beam to illuminate a first region and a second spot beam to illuminate a second region adjacent to and overlapping with the first region. The first spot beam as sent to at least one subscriber terminal may be affected by (1) interference from other signal sources including the second spot beam at a signal-to-interference ratio C/I and (2) noise at a signal-to-noise ratio C/N. Reception of signals from the first spot beam by the at least one of the first plurality of subscriber terminals may be interference-dominated such that C/I is less than C/N.

Abstract: A telecommunication network for establishing radiofrequency links between gateways and ground terminals via a multispot satellite, the network comprising a multispot satellite, a plurality of gateways, each gateway establishing a link with the satellite on at least Ns link channels corresponding to Ns frequency intervals [fi; fi+1] with i varying from 0 to Ns?1 and a service area comprised of Nc cells each comprising a plurality of ground terminals, each cell being associated with a link spot beam with the satellite to which is allocated a frequency interval selected from among a plurality of frequency intervals [f?i; f?i+1] with i varying from 0 to N?1, N being an integer strictly greater than 1, is disclosed. The frequency f?0 is substantially equal to the frequency fNs or the frequency f?N is substantially equal to the frequency f0. Each of the gateways is located in one of the Nc cells.

Abstract: A Relay System (RS)-based cellular network transmission method for MT having a function of single input and single output is provided. The method includes transmitting broadcast information to all RSs and Mobile Terminals (MTs); transmitting required data to each RS in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) mode; performing the operations of selection of modulation scheme, addition of CP, addition of symbols for channel estimation and selection of OFDM symbols; feeding feedback information to the Base Station (BS); transmitting a synchronization request to the BS; transmitting a synchronization acknowledgement to the RS; transmitting information to each MT belonging to the BS; transmitting information to each MT belonging to the RS; the MT belonging to the BS transmitting ACK/NACK information to the BS; the MT belonging to the RS transmitting ACK/NACK information to the BS; and the BS informing the RS of the received ACK/NACK information.

Abstract: A communications system, apparatus, method, and computer program product for inter-satellite and inter-spacecraft crosslinks (ISL) with non-ISL optimized antennas on spacecraft. The system includes a mobile communications platform that includes an ISL antenna configured to transmit information to a target satellite through a non-ISL antenna of the target satellite. The mobile communications platform is configured to relay transmissions through the non-ISL antenna of the target satellite to another communications platform. The mobile communications platform includes a controller configured to determine a location of the mobile platform; determine whether the target satellite is within communications range; and prepare a signal for relayed transmissions through a non-ISL antenna of the target satellite to another communications platform in a signal format that is decipherable by this other communications platform.

Abstract: A wireless communications system including a network application server; and a base station to receive an expedited request packet from a subscriber unit by way of a radio frequency interface, attempt to reserve channel resources for a traffic channel to communicate with the subscriber unit, and notify the network application server of whether the channel resources have been reserved. The base station may notify the network application server by marking the expedited request packet received from the subscriber unit, and sending the marked expedited request packet to the network application server.

Abstract: A wireless communications device comprises a communication receiver and a positioning system receiver in the wireless mobile communication device. An absolute time signal is received at the positioning system. A network time signal is received at the communication receiver of the wireless mobile communication device. A controller is in signal communication with the position system receiver and the communication receiver. The controller is configured to determine an offset of the absolute time signal from the network time signal and generates a timing mark. The timing mark is tagged by the positioning system receiver with an internal clock value wherein the timing mark has a known relationship with the absolute time signal. A memory stores the offset of the absolute time signal from the network time signal. A transmitter in the wireless mobile communication device transmits the offset for receipt by another wireless mobile communication device.

Abstract: A wireless communication system (20) includes a base station controller (22) that receives timing information from a data set (26) that is generated by a neural network (28). The data set (26) allows for generating timing information based upon previous time information received from a GPS (24) and in one example, is capable of covering a time interval of up to two weeks during which effective communication with the GPS may be interrupted. In one example, the data set is continuously updated so that the base station controller (24) continuously has up to two weeks of future time information available.

Abstract: A limited acknowledgement-based communication methodology increases the throughput efficiency of a relay-based, extended range, wireless packetized data transmissions to a data-reception site from a data-sourcing site, geographically remote with respect to the data-reception site. Rather than return an acknowledgement for each received packet, the data-reception site returns an acknowledgement only after receipt of a group of packets. When returning an acknowledgement, the data-reception site identifies which packets of the group were not successfully received. Missing packets may be retransmitted by the data-sourcing transmitter either immediately, or in response to a subsequent poll.

Abstract: A satellite communication system is provided according to one embodiment of the invention. The satellite communication system includes a plurality of satellites, a gateway and a plurality of subscriber terminals in communication with the gateway through the satellites. The gateway includes a plurality of antennas pointed toward a specific satellite. Each antenna may transmit the same signal to the satellites. The signal may be an OFDM signal. The subscriber terminals may include an antenna pointed toward at least one of the satellites and configured to receive OFDM signals. The OFDM signal time is proportional to the longest transmission time difference of all subscriber terminals within the geographic area serviced by the satellites. The transmission time difference is a measure of the difference between the transmission time of a signal over the longest transmission path and the transmission time of a signal over the shortest transmission path at a subscriber terminal.

Abstract: A communication method for a communication network includes transmitting first control information for a first frame from a hub to a plurality of user nodes, and receiving first data bursts in the first frame from first and second user nodes according to the first control information. A start of the first frame from the first and second user nodes occurs simultaneously at the hub. The method also includes transmitting second control information, based on demand information received from the first and second nodes, for a second frame from the hub after transmitting the first control information, receiving second data bursts in the second frame according to the second control information, and receiving the second frame at the hub following the first frame.

Abstract: A remote satellite modem, in conjunction with a mediation device configuration propagates frames over a cellular backhaul link so as to preserve PRC traceability by receiving a frame based signal, in which the frame based signal conforms to a hub timing signal operable to demarcate frames in the frame based signal, and identifies a start of frame in the received frame based signal, such that the start of frame is independent of the symbol timing of the hub timing signal. In response to the start of frame, the modem generates a timing packet corresponding to a remote timing signal, and forwards the timing packet and the frame based signal, in which the timing packet is for decoding the frame based signal corresponding to the hub timing signal using the remote timing signal.

Abstract: Synchronizing a Radio Network with End User Radio Terminals A Mobile Station that is able to receive GPS signals and compare the frequency of the GPS received time signal with a time signal from a network in order to determine the difference between the signals and communicate that difference back to the network.

Abstract: A mobile communications terminal (T) for a cellular communications network comprises an assisted satellite positioning device (D) connected to a satellite positioning installation connected to an assistance data server, a USSD management module (MGT) for setting up USSD transport channels, and a processor (MT) for coupling the management module (MGT) to the device (D) on request in order for a USSD transport channel to be set up between the device (D) and a location management equipment of the cellular network connected to the assistance data server. The USSD channel is then used to send the device (D) assistance data representative of identifiers of at least three satellites visible in the cell in which the terminal (T) is situated so that it can lock onto said satellites to estimate at least the distances between the satellites and its terminal (T).

Abstract: Provided are a packet transmission method for transmitting packets in a forward link of a multibeam satellite communication system and a computer-readable recording medium for recording a program that implements the method. The packet transmission method transmitting packets to mobile stations in a forward link of a multibeam satellite communication system, comprising the steps of: wherein downlink beams of a satellite share an orthogonal spreading code set for transmitting packets to the mobile stations, a) generating downlink beam signals by using an identical structure for the radio frames transmitted through the downlink beams and an identical pseudo-noise (PN) scrambling code for generating downlink beam signals; and b) synchronizing transmission timings of frames, symbols and spread chips on the downlink beam signals.

Abstract: A tuner included in a digital broadcast receiver tunes a broadcast signal from a transmitter via a re-transmitter. A demodulator demodulates the broadcast signal, and an identification information detector detects identification information of a re-transmission service provided by the re-transmitter from the demodulated broadcast signal. A decoder arranged to decode the modulated broadcast signal, and a controller controls operation of the decoder based upon the identification information detected by the identification information detector. The identification information of the re-transmitter may directly include information identifying a type of the re-transmission service (e.g., a free or charged service) or may include a unique ID number of the re-transmission service, which could be used by the broadcast receiver to determine service type.

Abstract: The communication device which implements a voice communicating function, a OS updating function, a navigation system, a remote controlling system, an auto emergency calling system, a cellular TV function, a GPS search engine function, a mobile ignition key function, a voice print authentication system, a fingerprint authentication system, an auto time adjusting function, a video/photo function, a taxi calling function, an address book updating function, a batch address book updating function, a batch scheduler updating function, and a calculating function.

Abstract: A communication system has a stratospheric platform with a payload controller and a phased array antenna having a plurality of main array elements for generating a plurality of communication beams and a plurality of auxiliary elements for canceling interference between the communication beams. A gateway station communicates with the stratospheric platform. The gateway station scales the plurality of elements to form a reconfigurable plurality of beams. The gateway station communicates an embedded control signal to the stratospheric platform to communicate a scaling of elements to form the communication beams and the auxiliary element output. The auxiliary element output is used to provide interference canceling.

Abstract: A system for enabling use of ultra-small aperture terminals in satellite communications is provided. The system comprises a transmitter configured to receive an input signal having information, a bandwidth, and an amplitude, replicate the input signal into two or more replications of the input signal, convert each of the two or more replications to have a frequency tuned to two or more corresponding satellite transponders while maintaining the bandwidth and all the information of the input signal, and combine the two or more replications into a single uplink signal. A transmit antenna is configured to transmit the uplink signal to the two or more satellite transponders.

Abstract: Provided are a beacon signal generating apparatus and a phase synchronizing apparatus using the same for establishing a phase synchronization while tracking a phase variation of a Timing Source Oscillator (TSO) of a satellite using a simpler scheme at an earth station, in making a phase synchronization between a clock signal of an On board Switch (OBS) embedded in the satellite and that of the earth station in a Satellite Switched Time Division Multiple Access (SS-TDMA) satellite communication system. The inventive beacon signal generating apparatus embedded in a satellite comprises a frequency oscillator for creating a TSO frequency, a beacon signal generator for multiplying the TSO frequency to be matched with a beacon signal frequency to generate a beacon signal synchronized with the TSO frequency, and a transmitter for transmitting the beacon signal to each of earth stations to recovery a frequency synchronized with the TSO frequency.

Abstract: An intra-platform wireless communications system is disclosed. The wireless intra-platform communication system comprises a first wireless transceiver, coupled to a platform processor and a second wireless transceiver, coupled to at least one of the subsystems. Platform operational data is communicated between the platform processor and the at least one subsystem via the first and second wireless transceivers.

Abstract: A satellite system 10 having a first satellite 14 at a first orbital slot B has a first transponder 32 and a second generating a first downlink signal 44B at a first frequency and a second downlink signal 44C at a second frequency. An outdoor unit is directed toward the first satellite 14 and includes a support structure, a reflector 64 coupled to the support structure and reflecting the first downlink signal and the second downlink signal. A first feed 66B is coupled to the support structure and receives the first downlink signal. A second feed 70A is coupled to the support structure and receives the second downlink signal. A secondary reflector 72 reflects the second downlink signal to the second feed 70.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for radiolocation using time differences of arrival. The method includes receiving transmit timestamps from a set of wireless stations of a wireless network. Each station transmits at least once. The transmit timestamp uses a local timestamping clock to indicate when a station transmitted a packet. The method further includes receiving sets of timestamped captured samples from each station that receives one of the transmitted packets. The times of arrival of each packet at each station are determined from the received sets of timestamped captured samples, and, the relative positions of the stations are determined from the determined times of arrival and the received transmit timestamps. The transmitting by the stations is in a round robin manner one station after the other, and several round robins may be used to mutually calibrate local clocks. Also an apparatus for inclusion in a station of a wireless network.

Abstract: A spacecraft may include a receive antenna, a transmit antenna having an antenna attitude adjuster, and a spacecraft attitude adjustor. The spacecraft may have a nominal orientation in which a yaw axis of the spacecraft, a roll axis of the spacecraft, and the radiator panels are substantially parallel to Earth's equatorial plane, in which the pitch axis of the spacecraft is substantially parallel to Earth's polar axis, in which the Nadir vector is in a yaw-pitch plane of the spacecraft, and in which the transmit antenna and receive antenna are oriented at angle ?nom. The antenna attitude adjustor and the spacecraft attitude adjustor may correct an attitude of the transmit antenna to maintain a desired degree of the receive antenna and the transmit antenna steered toward a coverage region on Earth's surface.

Abstract: A repeater and method for an ATSC terrestrial digital TV broadcasting service.

Abstract: A method and system for communicating satellite digital radio program information for multiple satellite channels is provided. The method includes the steps of providing multiple satellite signals, and providing multiple data frames in each of the satellite signals. The method also includes the steps of providing frame synchronization symbols in each of the data frames, such that the frame synchronization symbols occurring in the satellite signals do not overlap in time with each other. The method also includes the steps of providing multiple data slots within each of the data frames, and providing satellite program information in at least one of the data slots in each data frame. The multiple data slots are positioned within each data frame relative to the frame synchronization symbol of that data frame, such that the data slots containing satellite program information in the multiple satellite signals do not overlap in time with each other.

Abstract: Methods, systems and apparatus for ground-based beamforming of a satellite communications payload (200) within a satellite communications network (100). An embodiment of the invention comprises a satellite (11) communicatively coupled to at least one gateway (12) via a feeder link (13) and further coupled to a plurality of user terminals (16), each communicatively coupled with the satellite by a user link (17). A ground based beam forming system (400) measures and corrects amplitude and phase errors of a plurality of return path signals (452) traveling from the user terminals (16) via the satellite (11) to the at least one gateway (12), and measures and corrects amplitude and phase errors of a plurality of forward path signals (457) traveling from the at least one gateway (12) via the satellite (11) to the user terminals (16).

Abstract: The invention relates to a controlling apparatus configured to: search for at least one predetermined conversion function, check a system time of at least one radio protocol, define a common multiradio reference time, convert the system time of at least one radio protocol to the common multiradio reference time with the at least one conversion function and process control commands in the common multiradio reference time, and/or convert the common multiradio reference time to the system time of at least one radio protocol with the at least one conversion function and process control commands in the system time.

Abstract: A satellite radiotelephone system includes a space-based component, a plurality of ancillary terrestrial components, and a plurality of radiotelephones. The space-based component is configured to provide wireless radiotelephone communications using satellite radiotelephone frequencies. The plurality of ancillary terrestrial components include a plurality of ancillary terrestrial component antennas configured to provide wireless radiotelephone communications using at least one of the satellite radiotelephone frequencies in a radiation pattern that increases radiation below the horizon compared to above the horizon. The plurality of radiotelephones are configured to communicate with the space-based component and with the plurality of ancillary terrestrial components. Each radiotelephone also includes a GPS signal processor and a GPS mode filter that is configured to suppress energy at (1575.42??) MHz, where 0<??16.42 MHz. Related radiotelephones and methods are also discussed.