Abstract: The disclosure provides a method of relaying a transmission between a source device and a destination device in a wireless communication network where one or more unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in a plurality of UAVs have been activated to relay the transmission between the source device and the destination device. The method includes calculating a sum of SNRs associated with the one or more UAVs and determining whether the sum of the SNRs is less than a predetermined threshold. The method further includes, when the sum of the SNRs is less than the predetermined threshold, determining whether there is at least one UAV in the plurality of UAVs that has not been activated to relay the transmission. Also, the method includes, when there is at least one UAV that has not been activated to relay the transmission, activating one of the at least one UAV to relay the transmission.

Abstract: A building environmental sensor includes a sensing element for collecting measurements of environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, light, sound or the absence or presence of gas. The sensor will: (a) detect that a data collection device is within a communication range of the sensor; (b) generate a data stream that includes the data that the sensor collected; (c) transmit the data stream to the first data collection device; (d) determine that a communication link between the sensor and the first data collection device was lost before the first data stream was fully transmitted; (e) detect that a second data collection device is within the communication range of the sensor; (f) generate a second data stream that includes the remaining data; and (g) transmit the second data stream to the second data collection device.

Abstract: A wireless communication system includes relay communication devices including a target device; and a communication device. Each relay communication device includes: a first control unit acquiring, based on a wireless signal including origination information received from each of the target device and another relay communication device, signal intensity information relating to a signal intensity of the wireless signal; and a data adding unit adding the signal intensity information, time information, and its own identification information to the origination information, to update the origination information; and a communication unit broadcasting the updated origination information.

Abstract: An approach is described for a user equipment (UE) comprising a transceiver configured to enable wireless communication with a second UE and a wireless device and a processor communicatively coupled to the transceiver. The processor is configured receive, from the second UE, an end-to-end (E2E) quality of service (QoS) requirement of an E2E connection between the second UE and the wireless device, wherein the E2E connection includes a first hop between the UE and the second UE and a second hop between the UE and the wireless device. The processor is further configured to obtain a first hop link condition and a second hop link condition; split the E2E QoS requirement into a first hop QoS requirement and a second hop QoS requirement based on the first hop link condition and the second hop link condition; and transmit, using the transceiver, the first hop QoS requirement to the second UE. The wireless device is a third UE or a base station.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A first user equipment (UE) may transmit a request for a base station to establish a wireless communication link between the first UE and a second UE via an assisting device (AD) associated with an assisting node (AN). The first UE may receive first control signaling from the base station including an indication for the first UE to perform a directional learning procedure with the AN in response to the request, and may transmit an uplink message including an indication of a completion of the directional learning procedure. The first UE may receive second control signaling from the base station indicating a set of resources for performing a link configuration procedure between the first UE and the second UE, and may communicate with the second UE via the AD of the AN based on the second control signaling.

Abstract: A data transmission method of a source node in a cooperative communication system includes: performing a beamforming to a relay node; transmitting data to the relay node; performing a beamforming to a destination node; and transmitting data to the destination node.

Abstract: A wireless mesh network of nodes includes at least one relay node, the at least one relay node being configured to receive a first signal, the first signal corresponding to a first symbol comprised in a data frame, the first symbol having a first symbol duration s; and to generate and transmit a second signal, the second signal corresponding to the first signal. The first signal and the second signal are modulated such that a sum of the first signal and the second signal is capable of being received and demodulated by at least one relay node so as to obtain a sum of symbols including the first symbol and the second symbol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transmission apparatus and reception apparatus for parallel data streams. The present specification discloses a wireless stream transmission apparatus comprising: an encoder for dividing an inputted picture into multiple areas and performing, for each area, encoding so as to generate a bitstream including a header and data; a DS generating unit for removing or modifying at least a portion of headers related to the multiple areas into compact headers, and combining, with the data, at least the remaining headers which have not been removed or the compact headers so as to generate a data stream for each area; and a communication unit for packing the data stream so as to generate a packet, and transmitting, on the basis of wireless communication, the packet to a wireless stream reception apparatus. By using modified headers in applications where real time is important, it is possible to reduce a traffic burden and satisfy low-latency requirements.

Abstract: A server network accepts asynchronous notification messages from multiple application servers and efficiently routes notification messages in the form of notification taps to a user device, which can operate in a low power mode. The user device may or may not be a cellular device. The server network maintains states for the user devices in terms of identifiers useful for routing. A network server proximate to the user device registers the identifiers useful for routing the notifications. When the server network receives a notification from a source application, the proximate network server determines a routing based on the registration and sends a notification tap to the user device. The user device can obtain notification content sourced by the source application. The user device can delegate the role of receiving notification taps to a delegate device, where the delegate device may have wall-power and/or a wired or wireless network connection.

Abstract: An architecture to reduce or eliminate uplink interference induced by aerial user equipment (UE) when aerial UE is introduced into groups of terrestrial based UE operating in terrestrial fourth generation (4G) long term evolution (LTE), fifth generation (5G) networks. A method can comprise determining a number of terrestrial based user equipment impacted by uplink interference caused by uplink transmissions associated with aerial user equipment, wherein the aerial user equipment and the terrestrial based user equipment are controlled by serving cell equipment; determining an enclosed area that bounds the number of terrestrial based user equipment; and initiating a carrier aggregation process on the aerial user equipment, wherein the carrier aggregation divides the uplink transmissions associated with the aerial user equipment over a group of serving cell equipment included in the enclosed area.

Abstract: A process for determining frequency allocations for efficient spectrum management and reuse, in communication between multiple users of moving platforms and ground stations using directional antennas, comprises: (a) generating a preferential ranking list; and (b) repeatedly recalculating desirable frequency allocations for communication between platforms and stations according to said preferential ranking list and user-to-user interference data.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and an apparatus. UE establishes a connection to a home access gateway by using CPE, the home access gateway sends configuration information of a first link and configuration information of a second link to the CPE, and sends the configuration information of the second link to the UE. The first link is a link between the CPE and the home access gateway, the second link is a link between the CPE and the UE, the configuration information of the first link is used to indicate quality of service QoS information of the first link, and the configuration information of the second link is used to indicate QoS information of the second link. The UE and the CPE ensure, based on respective configuration information, QoS of UE service data transmitted on the first link and the second link.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. The described techniques leverage user equipment (UE) functionality to repeat wireless signals received from a base station to one or more other UEs and received from one or more other UEs to the base station. The repeating UE receives, during a transmission time interval reserved for one of uplink communication or downlink communication, a signal from a first device. The UE operates in a time division duplex network. The UE routes the signal, via a radio-frequency (RF) transmission path from an RF receive chain of the UE to an RF transmit chain of the UE. The UE retransmits the signal to a second device during the transmission time interval.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for wireless communication. The apparatus includes processing circuitry: configured to receive a relay establishment request from a source communication device; configured to acquire historical energy information and current energy information about a candidate communication device as a relay candidate, and to determine one or more relay communication devices to be used as a relay based on the acquired information; and configured to send information about the relay establishment to the one or more relay communication devices, the source communication device, and a destination communication device.

Abstract: A communication device includes transmitting means for transmitting a signal in one or more frequency bands of a frequency channel including a plurality of frequency bands, identifying means for identifying occupancy of the plurality of frequency bands, and control means for controlling transmission power for transmitting the signal from the transmitting means, on the basis of an identification result obtained by the identifying means.

Abstract: Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) nodes communicate with one another in half-duplex mode. Such a multiplexing of the communications of the IAB node requires simultaneous execution of a “mobile terminal” function and of a “base station” function by the IAB node. However, these two functions are not synchronised with one another, resulting in a lack of temporal alignment between the data communicated with the parent node and the data communicated with the child node, which causes interference that negatively impacts the quality of the communications between the different IAB nodes involved. Existing solutions suffer from long data processing times and are expensive. Accordingly, a time offset is introduced during the processing of the data by the child node, in order to take into account the lack of synchronisation between the “mobile terminal” function and the “base station” function of the current node.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for connecting a user equipment to electronic devices. The method includes receiving, for a connection to an electronic device, a first broadcast message transmitted by the electronic device according to a first communication mode, wherein the first broadcast message includes information indicating whether the electronic device supports a connection to the electronic device according to at least one of the first communication mode or a second communication mode that is different from the first communication mode; determining whether the electronic device supports the connection to the electronic device according to at least one of the first communication mode or the second communication mode based on the information; and establishing the connection to the electronic device according to the first communication mode or the second communication mode based on a result of the determining.

Abstract: In accordance with a first aspect of the present disclosure, a communication device is provided, comprising: an ultra-wideband (UWB) communication unit configured to set up a UWB communication channel with a first external communication device; a further communication unit configured to set up a further communication channel with a second external communication device; an antenna configured to be selectively used by the UWB communication unit and the further communication unit; wherein the UWB communication unit is operatively coupled to the further communication unit, and wherein the further communication unit is configured to grant the UWB communication unit access to said antenna in response to receiving a request from the UWB communication unit. This aspect represents a solution to the problem of how to facilitate avoiding that UWB ranging rounds fail in a co-existence system.

Abstract: A support has a first surface and a second surface, and directions of normal vectors of the first surface and the second surface pointing outside are different from each other. A first antenna is provided on the first surface, and a second antenna is provided on a second surface. A radio frequency signal received at the first antenna is transmitted through a transmission line to the second antenna, and a radio frequency signal received at the second antenna is transmitted through the transmission line to the first antenna. The first antenna, the second antenna, and the transmission line are configured such that the directivity of the first antenna is different from the directivity of the second antenna.

Abstract: A system described herein may provide a technique for the generation of one or more models indicating positions and/or attributes of objects within an environment, such as a warehouse, a facility, a data center, etc. The models may be generated by measuring radio frequency (“RF”) metrics or other metrics within the environment over time. The environment may include mobile antenna apparatuses providing wireless coverage to wireless devices within the environment. The mobile antenna apparatuses may be moved within the environment based on the positions of objects within the environment (e.g., as indicated by the one or more models) and the positions of one or more wireless devices that connect to one or more of the mobile antenna apparatuses.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for transmitting a signal by a first user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the method comprising the steps of: receiving, by the first UE, information indicating a first interference from at least one second UE; receiving, by the first UE, information indicating a second interference and information on an SNR from a third UE; and when a condition is satisfied, transmitting, by the first UE, the signal to the third UE, wherein the first interference is an interference to the at least one second UE, which is caused by the first UE, the second interference is an interference to the third UE, which is caused by the first UE, and the condition is based on at least one of the first interference, the second interference, and the SNR.

Abstract: A method for detecting a channel occupancy time declared by an interfering device in a wireless communication system includes (a) receiving a first radio frequency (RF) transmission from a base station at a user equipment (UE) device, (b) detecting failure to receive a second RF transmission from the base station at the UE device, and (c) in response to detecting the failure to receive the second RF transmission from the base station, causing the UE device to operate in a sleep mode. Another method for detecting a channel occupancy time declared by an interfering device in a wireless communication system includes (a) receiving a first RF transmission from a base station at a UE device, (b) detecting, at the UE device, an interfering RF transmission, and (c) in response to detecting the interfering RF transmission, causing the UE device to operate in a sleep mode.

Abstract: A communication device includes a donor receiver that receives a plurality of first beam of input radio frequency (RF) signals. The communication device further includes a service transmitter that transmits a plurality of second beam of RF signals in a first radiation pattern to a user equipment (UE). The communication device further includes control circuitry that detects an amount and a direction of reflected RF signals at the donor receiver. The control circuitry applies polarization to the plurality of second beam of RF signals and calibrates the polarization to minimize the reflected RF signals at the donor receiver. A second radiation pattern is generated for the plurality of second beam of RF signals and communicated to the UE based on the calibrated polarization.

Abstract: Provided are a neighboring relationship establishment method, a wireless relay and a network side node. The neighboring relationship establishment method includes: establishing a neighbor list for the first wireless relay, the neighbor list including at least one neighbor relay of the first wireless relay, the neighbor relay being a wireless relay whose signal quality detected by the first wireless relay meets a predetermined condition; and establishing an interface between the first wireless relay and the neighbor relay.

Abstract: A communication terminal capable of at least millimeter-wave communication and microwave communication is provided. The communication terminal includes a repeater that relays communication between a first communication terminal and a second communication terminal by using millimeter-wave communication. Such a communication terminal is capable of maintaining good millimeter-wave communication between terminals.

Abstract: A method for use in a wireless node configured to receive a wireless signal includes receiving, using a first set of physical resources, a first wireless signal including an indicator descriptive of a transmission power used by a second wireless node when transmitting the wireless signal on a second set of physical resources, and receiving, using the second set of physical resources, the wireless signal using an Automatic Gain Control, AGC, configuration, wherein the AGC configuration is determined based on the indicator. The disclosure further relates to a wireless node performing the method.

Abstract: Techniques for improved wireless ranging are provided. A first communication from a first client device is received at a first network device. A predefined minimum distance is determined for the first access point, where the predefined minimum distance corresponds to a distance at which the vertical location of the first network device causes time of flight ranging techniques to result in inaccurate location estimations. A first distance of the first client device from the first network device is estimated. Upon determining that the first distance of the first client device is below the predefined minimum distance, ToF ranging requests from the first client device are declined.

Abstract: A communication system includes an earth station configured to receive a downlink transmission from a satellite and transmit an uplink transmission to the satellite. The communication system further includes a server in operable communication with the earth station, a beacon detector in operable communication with the server, an access point configured to operate within a proximity of the earth station, and a beacon transmitter disposed within close proximity to the access point. The beacon transmitter is configured to transmit a beacon signal to one or more of the server and the beacon detector. The beacon signal uniquely identifies the access point. The server is configured to implement a measurement-based protection scheme with respect to at least one of the downlink transmission and the uplink transmission.

Abstract: A gunshot detection system takes advantage of existing fire alarm system infrastructure by tapping a fire alarm communication network for a fire alarm system. Gunshot sensor units and/or a gunshot detection control panel receive power from the fire alarm communication network via tap units and/or tap wires, which provide electrical connectivity between the fire alarm communication network and the devices of the gunshot detection system. At the same time, the gunshot detection devices communicate via wireless links to an ancillary high-speed network. The gunshot sensor units can communicate with the fire alarm control panel via the fire alarm communication network. Even more comprehensive integration with the fire alarm system involves a hybrid gunshot detection and fire alarm control panel for controlling devices of both the gunshot detection system and the fire alarm system. Hybrid gunshot sensor units include fire detection elements such as smoke sensors and/or fire notification elements.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally describe user interfaces related to time. In accordance with embodiments, user interfaces for displaying and enabling an adjustment of a displayed time zone are described. In accordance with embodiments, user interfaces for initiating a measurement of time are described. In accordance with embodiments, user interfaces for enabling and displaying a user interface using a character are described. In accordance with embodiments, user interfaces for enabling and displaying a user interface that includes an indication of a current time are described. In accordance with embodiments, user interfaces for enabling configuration of a background for a user interface are described. In accordance with embodiments, user interfaces for enabling configuration of displayed applications on a user interface are described.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a power adjustment method, a terminal, and a storage medium. The method includes: sending, by a terminal, an uplink resource request by using a power of a; if the terminal receives no resource allocation signaling within a predetermined time after the uplink resource request is sent, sending, by the terminal, the uplink resource request again by using a power of b1, wherein b1 is greater than a. Embodiments of the present invention may improve communication efficiency.

Abstract: Methods and devices are described for polar encoding and decoding control information that has been modulated based on one or more identifiers of the transmitter and/or receiver. Some embodiments describe scrambling sequence design for multi-mode block discrimination on control information blind detection and decoding. Separate scrambling masks may be applied to disparate bit fields within a coded DCI message, wherein each of the scrambling masks is derived from a user equipment (UE)-specific identifier, a UE group identifier, or a base station identifier. Frozen bits of the polar code may be used to encode and transmit hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgment messaging for early retransmission of unsuccessful downlink messages. A tiered process of UE identification may be employed to improve a balance between early termination of the decoding process and success of the UE identification process.

Abstract: Technology for a diversity bi-directional repeater is disclosed. The diversity bi-directional repeater can include a first interface port, a second interface port, a 1st first-direction signal amplification and filtering path communicatively coupled between the first interface port and the second interface port, and a 1st second direction signal amplification and filtering path communicatively coupled between the first interface port and the second interface port. The diversity bi-directional repeater can further include a third interface port, a fourth interface port, a 2nd first-direction signal amplification and filtering path communicatively coupled between the third interface port and the fourth interface port, and a 2nd second direction signal amplification and filtering path communicatively coupled between the third interface port and the fourth interface port.

Abstract: In one implementation, a universal translator device for translating protocols, the device includes one or more peripheral device interfaces through which communication from one or more peripheral devices is received using any of a plurality of protocols; a protocol translator that is (i) preconfigured with translation mappings to translate between each possible permutation of the plurality of protocols and (ii) programmed to translate, using the translation mappings, signals received from the peripheral devices into at least one target protocol; and a wireless interface that is configured to transmit wireless signals in the target protocol, the wireless signals having been translated into the target protocol by the protocol translator.

Abstract: Embodiments of a communications system with multiple active scattering devices to service multiple users either indoor or outdoor over same spectrum in a communication network and a method for the system are generally described herein. Signals streams for transmission to users in spoke-and-hub configurations will utilize multiple active scattering devices. Three categories of operational concepts are presented: (1) multiple scattering devices arranged geometrically bundled together to function as active mirrors or retro-directive repeaters, (2) distributed man-made scattering devices placed to enhance channel bandwidth in between a hub and a common service area via frequency re-use, and (3) organizing distributed active scattering devices by remote beamforming for servicing a small common coverage area indoor or outdoor with enhanced bandwidth.

Abstract: Uplink leveling systems and methods for a distribution antenna are provided. An uplink leveling system includes at least one communication path between a base station point of interface and a remote antenna unit. A broadband measurement detector is communicatively coupled to measure signal power in the at least one communication path at the base station point of interface. A signal measurement receiver is communicatively coupled to measure signal power in the at least one communication path. A test signal generator is configured to generate a test signal in the at least one communication path in an uplink. At least one controller is configured to level the communication path in the uplink direction based at least in part on measurements by the broadband measurement detector and the signal measurement receiver in response to the generated test signal by the test signal generator.

Abstract: It is provided a method for determining a relationship between a first node and at least one second node each serving one different or the same wireless communication network, the method comprising the steps of detecting pilot contamination; and determining a relationship between the first node and at least one of the second nodes based on the detected pilot contamination.

Abstract: A communication method, first communication apparatus, and chipset included in a first communication apparatus function to receive from a base station first information indicating that the base station supports a relay apparatus configured to relay traffic between the base station and another communication apparatus, transmit to the base station, after receiving the first information from the base station, second information indicating that the first communication apparatus is the relay apparatus, and transmit to the base station, by the first communication apparatus, third information indicating expected data amount of the first communication apparatus. Abase station is configured to transmit the first information to the first communication apparatus, thereafter receive the second information, and receive the third information.

Abstract: A method of operating a repeater comprises detecting a synchronization signal from a received communication signal, identifying a time division duplex (TDD) switching pattern based on a power change of the communication signal over time and switching an uplink operation and a downlink operation of the repeater based on the detected synchronization signal and the TDD switching pattern.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for deploying tasks in a satellite network. In the method for deploying tasks in a satellite network, a utility function is determined by constructing a task processing delay model and a traffic model; a fitness degree of each individual is determined according to the utility function, and an individual with a highest fitness degree is put into a next-generation population; a probability that each of the plurality of individuals is selected is determined according to the fitness degree; a crossover operation and a mutation operation are performed on the individual according to the probability, to obtain a crossover individual and a mutation individual respectively; an available crossover individual and an available mutation individual are put into a next-generation population, to perform a repeated iteration and complete population updating; an optimal task deployment location table is output; and satellite network task deployment is completed.

Abstract: A volume-based earbud switching method is applied to a wearable device. The wearable device includes: a first earbud and a second earbud; The method includes: obtaining a first volume of the first earbud and a second volume of a second earbud; calculating a first power consumption speed of the first earbud and a second power consumption speed of the second earbud; and determining an earbud switching policy between the first earbud and the second earbud according to the first and the second power consumption speeds; and sending an earbud switching command to an electronic device connected with the wearable device according to the earbud switching policy, wherein the earbud switching command is used to direct the electronic device to execute switching between the first earbud and the second earbud.

Abstract: Systems and methods for obtaining data for Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) events caused by interfering signals, such as radar signals, in mobile WiFi wireless communication networks on airplanes. The systems and methods utilize wireless access points (WAPs) on in-flight entertainment systems on airplanes to detect DFS events, and obtain DFS event data. The DFS event data is transmitted to a ground system which is configured to utilize the DFS event data to generate DFS messages which allow a WAP on another airplane to avoid the interfering signals that caused the DFS event. The ground system transmits the DFS messages to other airplanes which use the information in the DFS message to configure a WAP to avoid DFS events. The ground system may also be configured to analyze and generate a 3D DFS map which can be used to generate radio channel plans to avoid DFS events.

Abstract: This application provides a communications method, apparatus, and system, aiming to improve a capacity of a 5G network. The system includes a first access network device, a second access network device, a terminal, and an RN, where the terminal is connected to the first access network device by the RN, the terminal is further connected to the second access network device, the terminal receives signaling and/or data from the second access network device, and the terminal further receives data from the first access network device by the RN. This application relates to the field of communications technologies.

Abstract: The technologies described herein are generally directed toward communicating resource information to a local manager of a group of user equipment devices, for allocation of resources to the group. According to an embodiment, a system can comprise a processor and a memory that can store executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, facilitate performance of operations. The operations can include selecting a first group of resources for a group of user equipment devices. The operations can further include communicating, to a first user equipment device of the group of the user equipment devices, first information corresponding to the first group of resources, the first user equipment device being a first local manager of the group, that communicates second information corresponding to a second group of resources, based on the first information, to respective other user equipment devices of the group, other than the first user equipment device.

Abstract: Systems and associated methods for reducing Doppler shifts in the broadband signals between Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and ground stations are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a method for reducing the Doppler shift of wireless signals includes estimating a velocity of the UAV based on a Global Positioning System (GPS) or an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) of the UAV and calculating the Doppler shift of an upload (UL) wireless signal based on the velocity of the UAV. The method further includes predistorting a frequency of the UL wireless signal at the ground station to reduce the Doppler shift at a UAV receiver (RX) and transmitting the UL wireless signal from a ground station transmitter (TX) to the UAV RX. In some embodiments, calculating the Doppler shift of the UL wireless signal is performed at the ground station.

Abstract: One or more elements of a communication system receives a first indicator that a first wireless device is within a first coverage area of a first access node and is also within a second coverage area of a second access node. The first access node and the second access node are both configured to provide a multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) operating mode. The communication system determines a first number of wireless devices attached to the first access node that are utilizing the MU-MIMO operating mode. The communication system identifies the first wireless devices as being configured as a relay node. The communication system, based on the first number meeting a first threshold, instructs the first wireless device to attach to the second access node.

Abstract: A method for a wireless network, including a node and a first device covered by the node, the node acting as serving node for the first device, and the first device transmitting first data to the node over a first link, includes determining presence of a second device covered by the node, the second device transmitting second data to a serving node over a second link, determining radio quality of the first link, determining radio quality of the second link, and determining radio quality of a third link between the second device and the first device. If the radio quality of the third link is higher than the radio quality of the second link, the second device transmits the second data to the first device over the third link and the first device retransmits, over the first link, the second data to the node.

Abstract: A transport vehicle system includes transport vehicles each including a transport-vehicle-side communication unit, and a system controller including a controller-side communication unit to transmit a command in a predetermined order to any one of the transport vehicles as a destination and receiving a report from the transport vehicle being the destination. When receiving a command addressed to itself from the controller-side communication unit, the transport-vehicle-side communication unit transmits a report to the controller-side communication unit when a predetermined waiting time elapses after receiving the command. Meanwhile, the transport-vehicle-side communication unit transmits an interrupt request to the controller-side communication unit within a waiting time when intercepting a command addressed to another transport vehicle from the controller-side communication unit during a predetermined event in itself.

Abstract: Some embodiments of an emergency radio frequency (RF) repeater system includes a remotely adjustable conveyance characteristic between multiple antenna nodes and a repeater. Optionally, the characteristic may be adjusted independently for each node. Optionally, adjusting the conveyance characteristic after installation of system hardware simplifies system installation and/or facilitates precise balancing of conveyance and/or improves system performance. A conductive riser cable optionally carries multiple channels, for example including an RF signal and/or a communication/control signal and/or data and/or electrical power between system components. For example, the riser may carry a command to the adjustable coupler, to adjust a coupling factor between an antenna node and the riser. Optionally the riser includes a coaxial cable and/or is fire resistant. Optionally, portable transmitter location is estimated from received signal characteristics measured at nodes at different locations.

Abstract: In a mobile communication system using a mobile-type radio relay apparatus that forms a plurality of cells toward the ground or the sea while moving in an upper airspace, a deterioration in communication quality, which is caused by a Doppler shift of a reception signal due to a relative movement of a radio relay apparatus with respect to a terminal apparatus of each of a plurality of cells or a feeder station on the ground or on the sea, is suppressed. The communication system comprises a mobile-type radio relay apparatus that is disposed movably by flying in an upper airspace, forms a plurality of cells from an antenna at a predetermined altitude toward the ground or the sea, and performs a radio communication with a terminal apparatus located in each of the plurality of cells.