Abstract: A method of generating an output signal comprises receiving an input signal, mixing the input signal with a reference signal having a reference frequency to obtain an intermediate frequency signal having an intermediate frequency, filtering the intermediate frequency signal using a filter having a filter characteristic that is configured according to the intermediate frequency and performing frequency translation on the filtered intermediate frequency signal to obtain the output signal.

Abstract: To solve a problem that unless all of a plurality of AICH signature states are correctly decoded, the contents of reception results cannot be recognized and the error rate of signature decoding will be high. In this embodiment, a base station uses, out of a signature combination, the signature of at least one predetermined position to indicate information containing a preamble reception result and uses the signature of a position other than the predetermined position to indicate a transmission profile information number of an uplink channel for notification to a user equipment. Thus, the error rate related to reception results can be reduced as compared with the case where a single signature combination is used to notify all pieces of information.

Abstract: A dual-band transceiver is disclosed. In one embodiment, the system includes a first mixer circuit that generates a first signal having a first frequency that is within a first predefined frequency range. The system also includes a second mixer circuit that generates a second signal having one of a second frequency that is within a second predefined frequency range and a third frequency that is within a third predefined frequency range, and wherein each of the first mixer circuit and the second mixer circuit are used for at least two frequency bands.

Abstract: Provided is a discrete filter capable of increasing degree of freedom of design including a DC gain. A sampling mixer (100) includes: a control signal generation unit (104) which generates a control signal including an SO signal; a Ch (6) which successively integrates reception signals sampled by an LO signal frequency as discrete signals; a plurality of Cr (7, 8) which successively integrate discrete signals at a timing based on the control signal; Cb (15) which alternately integrates the discrete signals successively integrated by the respective Cr (7, 8); and a gain control capacitance unit (110) which has gain control capacitors (44, 45, 46) connected in parallel to the respective Cr (7, 8) and integrating the discrete signal and a reset switch (47) for resetting the discrete signal of the gain control capacitors (44, 45, 46) integrated in the past, upon connection between one end of Cr (7) and Cb (15).

Abstract: The present invention is a dramatically enhanced RF link for low-data-rate applications (1-100 bps), using one or more transmitters to communicate with one or more receivers, at dramatically enhanced ranges. The receiver of the present invention can rapidly search, detect, and lock in on narrow band signal transmissions, that may be present in a much larger frequency band and which may be changing frequency during the duration of the message. These receivers enable ultra-low noise floor detection of longer range, more highly attenuated, signal transmissions, by decreasing the receiver bandwidth.

Abstract: A front end and a high frequency receiver (1) provided therewith are described, which front end comprises a quadrature low noise amplifier (2-1, 2-2) as a low noise amplifier. A high isolation between local oscillators (6-1, 6-2) and quadrature mixers (3-1, 3-2) is achieved thereby, reducing a DC offset at mixer outputs (7, 8). The quadrature low noise amplifier may be implemented as a differential class AB cascade arrangement of MOST or FET semiconductors (15). A low distortion receiver (1) having a high linearity is the result.

Abstract: A receiver circuit includes a low noise amplifier (LNA) 1 to which a received signal is input, a mixer 2 for mixing an output of the LNA and a local signal, a first low-pass filter 3 for receiving an output of the mixer, and a composite amplifier in which a fixed gain amplifier 4, a high-pass filter 5, and a gain control amplifier 6 are connected in this order from the input side. An output of the first low-pass filter is input to the fixed gain amplifier. The gain of the fixed gain amplifier is 0 dB or more. The maximum gain of the gain control amplifier is 0 dB or less. The receiver circuit can suppress a transient response due to DC voltage fluctuations, even if the gains are changed while signals are received in a communication mode that performs continuous reception.

Abstract: An electronic chip has a data input for receiving an input digital data signal with a data frequency, a plurality of switches, and a logic circuit operatively coupled with both the plurality of switches and the data input. The logic circuit controls the switches to be in one of a DAC mode or a mixer mode. The DAC mode causes the switches to convert the input digital data signal into a DAC analog signal having about the data frequency. The mixer mode, however, causes the switches to convert the input digital data signal into a mixed analog signal having a mixer frequency that is higher than the data frequency.

Abstract: A receiver for receiving an amplitude modulated (AM) signal may include a first and a second detector for detecting the maximum and minimum envelope values, respectively, of the received AM signal and an equalizer for periodically equalizing the maximum and minimum envelope values. A method for receiving an AM signal may include unidirectionally increasing a first output signal up to the maximum envelope value, unidirectionally decreasing a second output signal down to the minimum envelope value, and periodically equalizing the first and the second output signals.

Abstract: A method is for reducing a DC component of an input signal transposed into baseband and being generated by a first frequency transposition stage starting from an initial signal and from a transposition signal. The method includes amplifying the transposed input signal in a first amplifier. The first amplifier receives at a DC offset compensation input, a compensation signal extracted from an output signal of a second amplifier subjected to a compensation of a offset DC voltage of the second amplifier. The method also included alternating between receiving at an input of the second amplifier, a first auxiliary signal from an auto-transposition of a transposition signal in a second frequency transposition stage and a second auxiliary signal from a transposition of the initial signal in the second frequency transposition stage with the transposition signal.

Abstract: A wireless communication system includes: a filter; and a semiconductor chip including a signal processing integrated circuit having an amplifier, wherein a main surface of the semiconductor chip is provided with a plurality of electrode terminals along an edge portion thereof; wherein the amplifier has a transistor including a control electrode, a first electrode through which a signal is outputted, and a second electrode to which a voltage is applied; wherein the control electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode of the transistor are connected to the electrode terminals, respectively; and wherein none of wirings are arranged between the electrode terminals and placements of the control electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode, making space between the electrodes and the electrode terminals narrow.

Abstract: A system is provided. The system comprises a transform domain radio receiver comprising a plurality of reconfigurable processing paths coupled to a radio frequency signal input, each reconfigurable processing path implementing a down converter, a low-pass filter, and an integrator and wherein a frequency selectivity of the processing path is reconfigurable. The system also comprises a control unit to configure a frequency selectivity of the plurality of parallel reconfigurable processing paths.

Abstract: An adapter for RF front end processor chip wherein the RF front end processor chip includes a low noise amplifier which is used to receive a RF filter signal so as to generate a first signal. An adapter is used to receive a first signal so as to induce and generate a second signal and a third signal which is electrically reverse. Then a frequency mixer of the RF front end processor chip is used to receive the second signal and the third signal and a resonant signal, the second signal and the third signal are used to generate a medium frequency signal. Wherein, adapter includes a primary measured coil.

Abstract: A radio-frequency integrated circuit chip package has N integrated patch antennas, N being at least one. The package includes a cover portion with N generally planar patches, and a main portion coupled to the cover portion. The main portion in turn includes at least one generally planar ground plane spaced inwardly from the N generally planar patches and parallel thereto. The ground plane is formed without any coupling apertures therein. The main portion also includes N feed lines spaced inwardly from the N generally planar patches and parallel thereto, and spaced outwardly from the generally planar ground plane and parallel thereto. Furthermore, the main portion includes at least one radio frequency chip coupled to the feed lines and the ground plane. The cover portion and the main portion cooperatively define an antenna cavity, and the N generally planar patches and the chip are located in the antenna cavity. The package is formed without reflectors. Fabrication techniques are also described.

Abstract: A circuit and method for tracking a local oscillator signal frequency in an RF tuner, for tuning input RF signals. The RF tuner includes a frequency-dependent impedance generator that generates a frequency-dependent impedance at the input by rejecting unwanted input RF signals and shunt feeding back the desired signal to the input. The desired signal frequency is centered at the local oscillator signal frequency. The frequency-dependent impedance generator is used with an amplifier circuit to generate a tracking amplifier, the frequency-dependent amplifier gain of which tracks the local oscillator signal frequency.

Abstract: A wireless IC device includes a wireless IC chip, a power supply circuit board upon which the wireless IC chip is mounted, and in which a power supply circuit is provided, the power supply circuit includes a resonant circuit having a predetermined resonant frequency, and a radiation pattern, which is adhered to the underside of the power supply circuit board, for radiating a transmission signal supplied from the power supply circuit, and for receiving a reception signal to supply this to the power supply circuit. The resonant circuit is an LC resonant circuit including an inductance device and capacitance devices. The power supply circuit board is a multilayer rigid board or a single-layer rigid board, and between the wireless IC chip and the radiation pattern is connected by DC connection, magnetic coupling, or capacitive coupling.

Abstract: This disclosure describes a dual inductor circuit, which may be particularly useful in a mixer of a wireless communication device to allow the mixer to operate for two different frequency bands. The dual inductor circuit comprises an inductor-within-inductor design in which a small inductor is disposed within a large inductor. The two inductors may share a ground terminal, but are otherwise physically separated and independent from one another. Terminals of the inner inductor, for example, are not tapped from the outer inductor, which can reduce parasitic effects and electromagnetic interference relative to tapped inductor designs. The independence of the inductors also allows the different inductors to define different resonance frequencies, which is desirable.

Abstract: A programmable antenna assembly includes a configurable antenna structure, a configurable antenna interface, and a control module. The configurable antenna structure includes a plurality of antenna elements that, in response to an antenna configuration signal, are configured elements into at least one antenna. The configurable antenna interface module is coupled to the at least one antenna and, based on an antenna interface control signal, provides at least one of an impedance matching circuit and a bandpass filter. The control module is coupled to generate the antenna configuration signal and the antenna interface control signal in accordance with a first frequency band and a second frequency band such that the at least one antenna facilitates at least one of transmitting and receiving a first RF signal within the first frequency band and facilitates at least one of transmitting and receiving a second RF signal within the second frequency band.

Abstract: In order to provide a variable gain amplifier of enhanced linearity and wide variable gain range, an AM-modulated signal reception circuit in which the noise of an input portion is reduced so as to improve the follow-up characteristic of an AGC circuit, and an AM-modulated signal detection circuit which produces an output precisely corresponding to a peak value envelope, the variable gain amplifier comprises a differential input amplifier which includes transistors T1 and T2 (in FIG. 8) constituting a differential pair, and a constant current circuit Is operating as an absorption current circuit of the transistors T1 and T2, and a variable impedance which is connected between the sources of the respective transistors T1 and T2, wherein the gain of the differential input amplifier is made variable by variably controlling the value of the variable impedance.

Abstract: A hybrid on-chip-off-chip transformer includes an off-chip winding section and an on-chip winding section. The off-chip winding section is coupled to produce a first electromagnetic signal from a reference source. The on-chip winding section is coupled to derive a second electromagnetic signal from the first electromagnetic signal when the on-chip winding section is with in a proximal coupling distance of the off-chip winding section.

Abstract: Disclosed is a demodulation circuit for demodulating an IF signal which is input via an antennal and then over-sampled at a sampling rate four times a frequency of a baseband signal, the demodulation circuit including a mixer for converting the IF signal down to a baseband signal using a coefficient corresponding to either sine values or cosine values, a DEMUX for dividing the down-converted baseband signal into a plurality of signals, and a PPF having a plurality of sub-filters for filtering the divided signals input from the DEMUX and a plurality of adders for operating the output signals of the sub-filters. As a result, the demodulation circuit can be realized in a small hardware size and is capable of reducing power consumption.

Abstract: A receiver circuit which can suppress a voltage amplitude appearing on a transmission line. The receiver circuit, coupled to a first and a second transmission lines which transmit information by using currents, includes a first and a second current sources, a first and a second conversion sections which convert currents which flow respectively therein to voltages, a first transistor whose source is coupled to the first current source and to the first transmission line, and whose drain is coupled to the first conversion section, and a second transistor whose source is coupled to the second current source and to the second transmission line, and whose drain is coupled to the second conversion section. The gate and the drain of the first transistor are respectively coupled to the drain and the gate of the second transistor.

Abstract: Provided are a method, system, and device directed to a receive path for a node in a communication system such as a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system. In one aspect, the receive path includes a filter operable in multiple modes and configurable to have different bandwidths in the various modes of operation. For example, in one mode, the filter samples a DC component while configured to have a relatively wide bandwidth. As another example, the filter may be operated in another mode to hold the sampled DC component while the filter is configured to have a zero or close to zero bandwidth. As yet another example, the filter may be operated in still another mode to filter received signals and cancel the sampled DC offset from the received signals while configured to have a relatively narrow bandwidth. Additional embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: When a closed loop transmission diversity control is performed by controlling the phase of the transmission signals from the plurality of antennas according to feedback information noticed by the mobile station to transmit the signals, an antenna verification on-off control unit 370 controls the on-off of an antenna verification process of estimating the phase of the transmission signals from the plurality of antennas according to the information about the channel of the signals transmitted in the uplink from the mobile station to a radio base station. Thus, depending on the channel type (for example, a packet channel, a voice channel, etc.), the on-off control is performed on the antenna verification process, thereby performing easier and more appropriate control and improving the quality of a channel.

Abstract: Methods and systems for dynamically tuning and calibrating an antenna using antenna hopping are disclosed. In this regard, in a wireless device comprising an antenna that is configurable into a plurality of configurations, determining a subset of the configurations, where each configuration of the subset enables received signal strength above a threshold for a wireless channel, may be determined. During a time interval in which the wireless device is receiving signals on the wireless channel, the antenna may be configured to sequentially utilize each configuration of the subset. During the time interval, a plurality of samples of the wireless channel may be generated, where each of the samples corresponds to a different one of the configurations of the subset. The plurality of samples may be aggregated. The aggregated samples may be processed to recover information communicated on the wireless channel.

Abstract: A passive wireless receiver to receive an input signal and passively process the input signal to generate an output signal. An embodiment of the receiver includes an input circuit, a dynamic switching circuit, and a switch signal generator. The input circuit is configured to receive an input signal and produce a first output signal. The input circuit includes a passive network configured to condition the input signal. The dynamic switching circuit is configured to perform frequency translation on the first output signal. The switch signal generator is configured to drive the dynamic switching circuit to activate and deactivate the dynamic switching circuit at a sampling frequency that is controlled and stabilized by a frequency control circuit.

Abstract: A direct conversion satellite tuner is fully integrated on a common substrate. The integrated tuner receives an RF signal having a plurality of channels and down-converts a selected channel directly to baseband for further processing. The integrated tuner includes on-chip local oscillator generation, tunable baseband filters, and DC Offset cancellation. The integrated tuner can be implemented in a completely differential I/Q configuration for improved electrical performance. The entire direct conversion satellite tuner can be fabricated on a single semiconductor substrate using standard CMOS processing, with minimal off-chip components. The tuner configuration described herein is not limited to processing TV signals, and can be utilized to down-convert other RF signals to an IF frequency or baseband.

Abstract: A frequency mixer device is provided with a mixer circuit having an input cell that amplifies an input signal and a switching cell that mixes the amplified input signal with a switching signal and outputs a multiplied signal, and a DC offset compensator that detects the input level of the input signal and outputs a compensation signal based on that detection signal, the compensation signal being supplied to the mixer circuit so as to compensate a DC offset included in the multiplied signal. The compensation signal that the DC offset compensator outputs is added to the output signal of the input cell so as to compensate the DC offset. Low frequency noise included in the compensation signal is converted to a frequency near that of the switching signal, and does not range over the desired waveband of the mixer output.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for detecting an output power level of an optical receiver, in order to hold output signal levels constant over changing input optical levels. A photodetector detects an optical signal, and a current from the photodetector is applied an amplifier. The amplifier may be either a differential trans-impedance amplifier, or a dual trans-impedance amplifier coupled to a differential output amplifier. An output of the amplifier is applied o a signal detector, wherein an output signal of the signal detector is an indication of an output power level of the optical receiver.

Abstract: The frequency of an RF signal to be transmitted is modulated at the transmitting unit, and the modulation information is used by the receiving unit to filter out any unwanted noise. The modulation information may be used to retrieve associated filter coefficients that are used by the receiver to filter out the noise. Accordingly, for each transmit frequency, a multitude of filter coefficients stored in a memory are applied by the receiver to filter out the noise. The filtering operation may be performed after the received signal is downconverted from an RF to an audio signal.

Abstract: Provided are a receiving circuit including a balun circuit and a notch filter, and an operating method thereof. The receiving circuit includes a transformer, a notch filter, and a mixer. The transformer converts a single input signal to a differential input signal using a first tap. The notch filter blocks a specific frequency band of the single input signal by connecting a second tap with the first tap of the transformer using a condenser.

Abstract: Controllable operational transconductance power amplifier (controllable power OTA) including an input stage receiving a differential input signal (Ovin) and deriving therefrom first (i1) and second (i2) low power current signals being coupled to first (ccs1) and second (ccs2) current controlled output current sources being arranged in class B push pull configuration. To obtain an effective gain control while securing power efficiency and linearity, the overall gain of the power OTA is controlled by varying the gain or transconductance of the input stage (c15) and by the use of means for bi-directionally rectifying said first (i1) and second (io) low power current signals and providing in mutual alternation power amplification of said first (i1) and second (i2) low power current signals into first (I01) and second (Io2) mutually exclusive high power current output signals, which are supplied through a current summer to a current output (I0) of said linear power amplifier.

Abstract: Receiver circuits using nanotube based switches and logic. Preferably, the circuits are dual-rail (differential). A receiver circuit includes a differential input having a first and second input link, and a differential output having a first and second output link. First, second, third and fourth switching elements each have an input node, an output node, a nanotube channel element, and a control structure disposed in relation to the nanotube channel element to controllably form and unform an electrically conductive channel between said input node and said output node. The receiver circuit can sense small voltage inputs and convert them to larger voltage swings.

Abstract: A receiver for a wireless magnetic resonance imaging system comprises a pair of substantially identical notch filters (22, 23) each having an input and output and first and second 90 degree hybrid couplers (21, 24). The notch filters are coupled together at each input and output by the first and second 90 degree hybrid couplers respectively.

Abstract: A circuit is provided comprising detector circuitry, calculating circuitry, and determining circuitry. The detector circuitry is figured to generate an I data signal magnitude value of a sampled I data signal and a Q data signal magnitude value of a sampled Q data signal. The calculating circuitry is configured to calculate a phase shift angle ?I between first and second equal and constant or substantially equal and constant envelope constituents of the sampled I data signal and to calculate a phase shift angle ?Q between first and second substantially equal and substantially constant envelope constituents of the sampled Q data signal. The determining circuitry is configured to determine in-phase and quadrature amplitude information of the substantially equal and substantially constant envelope constituents of the sampled I signal and to determine in-phase and quadrature amplitude information of the first and second substantially equal and substantially constant envelope constituents of the sampled Q signal.

Abstract: A receiver includes a multiphase mixer that multiplies a received radio signal by multiphase local signals the number of which is the same as an integer having a first prime factor and a second prime factor different from the first prime factor, and generates first multiphase baseband signals the number of which is the same as the integer, a first processing circuit that suppresses common modes for first multiphase signal groups formed by dividing the first multiphase baseband signals into groups of signals the number of which is the same as the first prime factor, and generates second multiphase baseband signals, and a second processing circuit that suppresses common modes for second multiphase signal groups formed by dividing the second multiphase baseband signals into groups of signals the number of which is the same as the second prime factor, and generates third multiphase baseband signals.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of controlling a receiver. A group identifier or modulation and coding scheme is sent in a physical layer header. This group identifier or modulation and coding scheme, or both, determine whether the corresponding physical layer frame should be fully demodulated and decoded. If it is not necessary to fully demodulate and decode the physical layer frame, the receiver may disable its demodulator, decoder, or both. This results in a power savings. A hub device sends the group identifier or modulation and coding scheme in the physical layer header. This allows receivers that are not addressed by the group identifier, or modulation and coding scheme, to disable at least a portion of their circuitry. Disabling at least a portion of circuitry saves power consumption and dissipation. The hub device may also send control messages to tell the receiver which group identifiers, or modulation and coding schemes, they should respond to.

Abstract: A baseband processing module for use within a Radio Frequency (RF) transceiver includes a downlink/uplink interface, TX processing components, a processor, memory, RX processing components, and a turbo decoding module. The RX processing components receive a baseband RX signal from the RF front end, produce a set of IR samples from the baseband RX signal, and transfer the set of IR samples to the memory. The turbo decoding module receives a set of IR samples from the memory, forms a turbo code word from the set of IR samples, turbo decodes the turbo code word to produce inbound data, and outputs the inbound data to the downlink/uplink interface. The turbo decoding module performs metric normalization based upon a chosen metric, performs de-rate matching on the set of IR samples, performs error detection operations, and extracts information from a MAC packet that it produces.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and methods for recovering a sub-carrier signal from a multiplexed signal having an embedded pilot tone signal. The recovery system includes circuitry for recovering a pilot signal from the received multiplexed signal, for generating a frequency-doubled signal from the recovered pilot signal, and for phase-shifting the frequency-doubled signal by a pre-determined phase difference from the embedded pilot tone signal. Another recovery system includes circuitry for recovering a pilot signal from the received multiplexed signal, for phase-shifting the pilot signal by a pre-determined phase difference from the embedded pilot tone signal, and for generating a frequency-doubled signal from the phase-shifted signal.

Abstract: A mixer comprises a differential input circuit that is configured to receive an input signal. The mixer comprises a tank circuit including a tuning capacitor arranged in parallel with an inductor. A resonant frequency of the inductor and tuning capacitor is substantially centered around a predetermined frequency of the input signal. The mixer comprises a mixer circuit that communicates with the differential input circuit and that is configured to receive first and second current signals and a second input signal. The mixer circuit is configured as a Gilbert cell double-balanced switching mixer for generating a differential mixer output signal as a product of the first and second current signals and the second input signal.

Abstract: A reconfigurable baseband filter for use in a multimode communication system is disclosed. One or more filter elements can each be configured as a plurality of sub-elements. The value of each of the filter elements can be varied by switching between at least two of the plurality of sub-elements. Switching noise within a desired passband can be reduced by switching at a rate that is greater than the desired passband. The switching noise in the passband can be further reduced by pseudo-randomly switching between the sub-elements. The filter can use a delta-sigma modulator to generate a pseudo-random switching signal.

Abstract: A method for driving a ground reference to a signal path, a control circuit for driving a ground reference on a signal path, and a mobile device are described.

Abstract: Various embodiments are directed to removing interfering signals in a broadband radio frequency (RF) receiver by implementing a silicon tuner arranged to replicate high quality factor (Q) performance without the advantages of using high Q components available for module tuners. In one or more embodiments, tuned filter elements within a broadband silicon tuner are reused to maximize the attenuation of unwanted signals while minimizing induced undesirable channel ripple. In various implementations, a number of tuned passive inductor/capacitor filter elements are combined as required such that filter elements for an unused frequency band are reconfigured to provide attenuation of and enhanced immunity to unwanted signals. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: A method for processing wireless information is disclosed and may include performing by one or more circuits within a single-chip multi-band RF receiver, the one or more circuits comprising a filter, generating at least one control signal based on a signal strength of a baseband frequency signal generated by the one or more circuits within the single-chip multi-band RF receiver. A bandwidth of the filter may be adjusted using the generated at least one control signal. The generated baseband frequency signal may be filtered utilizing the bandwidth adjusted filter. A frequency response signal of the filter may be determined using a reference frequency signal. An attenuated reference frequency signal may be generated by attenuating the reference frequency signal. The attenuated reference frequency signal may be compared with the frequency response signal. The at least one control signal may be generated based on the comparison.

Abstract: Methods and systems for a single-ended input low noise amplifier (LNA) with differential output are disclosed and may include configuring the LNA and/or a balun on a chip for single-ended or differential mode, which may function as a load for the LNA. A frequency response and gain of the LNA may be configured via switched capacitors and resistors, which may include CMOS transistors. A transition frequency, and thus impedance matching and matching network gain, may be tuned via configurable gate-source capacitors. A received signal may be filtered via a surface acoustical wave (SAW) filter. The LNA may be impedance matched with an input device via the transition frequency tuning and off chip inductors and/or capacitors. The LNA may be configured for single-ended or differential input mode via switches outside of a signal path to the LNA and reverse isolation may be enabled via a cascode device.

Abstract: Parallel search circuit for a medical implant receiver. The circuit includes a radio frequency receiver that receives a first set of contents of a band of channels. The circuit also includes a processing circuit coupled to the radio frequency receiver to process in parallel a second set of contents of a plurality of channels of the band of channels and to detect a signal in the band of channels.

Abstract: A receiver IC provided with a SAW-based oscillator with an external SAW device. The receiver IC comprises an oscillating circuit. The oscillating circuit comprises an inverter stage, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a resistor. The inverter stage has input and output terminals respectively coupled to two ends of the external SAW device. The first and second capacitors are respectively coupled between the input/output terminal and a ground. The resistor is coupled between the input and output terminals of the inverter stage.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave (SAW) expander based transmitter and correlator based receiver comprises SAW devices that perform expander or correlator functions based on the types of signals inputted to the SAW devices. The SAW devices incorporate chirp with adaptive interference and programmable coding capabilities. The SAW devices and method of operating the devices allow the implementation of very low power radios that overcome problems with temperature drift, lithography constraints and interference and jamming suffered by prior art implementations.

Abstract: A transmitter IC provided with a SAW-based oscillator with an external SAW device. The transmitter IC comprises an oscillating circuit. The oscillating circuit comprises an inverter stage, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a resistor. The inverter stage has input and output terminals respectively coupled to two ends of the external SAW device. The first and second capacitors are respectively coupled between the input/output terminal and a ground. The resistor is coupled between the input and output terminals of the inverter stage.

Abstract: A radio receiver comprises a processing unit configured to subject a received radio signal to signal switching. A control unit is configured to output a control signal indicative of information related to the signal switching. A channel estimator is coupled to an output of the processing unit and configured to provide channel parameters based on the control signal received from the control unit.