Abstract: In a communication terminal that is capable of carrying out communications based on a plurality of communication standards, for example, a cellular phone, information representing a reception carrier frequency of a wireless channel being received by a cellular-phone functional block is output from a CPU to a contactless-IC-card-reader/writer functional block. In the contactless-IC-card-reader/writer functional block, a controller controls a switching circuit to switch a transmission carrier frequency being used so that harmonic components of an electromagnetic wave radiated from a coil antenna will not work as an electromagnetic-interference wave that affects reception sensitivity of the cellular-phone functional block.

Abstract: An apparatus and related method for matching antenna pattern to the mobile phone. The mobile phone includes an antenna, at least one radio frequency (RF) circuit and a diplexer for relaying signals of the RF circuits to the antenna. Each RF circuit has its own matching circuit, such that the antenna performance for receiving and transmitting signals can be independently adjusted without affecting each other.

Abstract: In a multi-band radio terminal apparatus, when communication frequency bands are switched, a reception intermediate frequency is selected to be equal to each other in respective communication frequency bands. As a result, the circuit arrangements of this multi-band radio terminal apparatus succeeding to the intermediate frequency signal circuit stage are commonly used in the respective communication frequency bands. While a local oscillator signal is produced by a voltage-controlled oscillator, a phase-locked loop, and a doubler, in a case where communication is established within a plurality of communication frequency bands, the transmission/reception frequency intervals are different from each other. A mixer for a reception system and a mixer for a transmission system are commonly used so as to convert the frequency of the local oscillator signal into a frequency existing between the communication frequency and the intermediate frequency.

Abstract: Microelectronic devices, methods of operating microelectronic devices, and methods of providing microelectronic devices are described. In one embodiment, a microelectronic device includes a microelectronic package which provides a housing within which integrated circuitry is received. An integrated circuit die is received within the microelectronic package and includes integrated circuitry formed thereon. The integrated circuitry comprises first transmit/receive circuitry configured to transmit and receive radio frequency signals. Second transmit/receive circuitry is provided, discrete from the first transmit/receive circuitry, and is contained within the microelectronic package. The second circuitry is configured to transmit and receive radio frequency signals, wherein the first and second transmit/receive circuitry are configured to establish wireless communication between one another within the microelectronic package.

Abstract: Calibration of a phase locked loop and applications thereof within a radio frequency integrated circuit begins by determining an intersection of an up current and down current produced by a charge pump within the phase locked loop. The RFIC then determines a reference voltage corresponding to the intersection, which varies from an ideal voltage of VDD/2 based on process variations. The RFIC then offsets a control voltage to the voltage control oscillator (VCO) of the phase locked loop based on the reference voltage. Accordingly, by determining the offset of the actual intersection from the ideal intersection, the control voltage to the VCO may be adjusted thereby calibrating the phase locked loop for more linear performance.

Abstract: A communication system extracts a received modulation frequency from baseband modulation. This frequency is used as a reference to control the output of a variable oscillator. The output of the variable oscillator may be used to generate a transmit upconversion frequency, and may also be used to perform a downconversion from IF to baseband during receive operations.

Abstract: According to the invention, a transmitter antenna selector switch 109 or a receiver antenna selector switch 111 is respectively connected between the first antenna 101a and the second antenna 101b and the transmitter 103 or the receiver 105. Transmission signals output from the transmitter 103 are supplied to either the first antenna 101a or the second antenna 101b in transmission, while reception signals are received from either the first antenna 101a or the second antenna 101b via the receiver antenna selector switch 111 in reception.

Abstract: The invention provides a communication semiconductor integrated circuit device (RF IC) capable of pulling in the frequency of a PLL circuit to a desired set frequency at high speed even in the case where a frequency settable range of the PLL circuit is wide without providing a current source other than a current source for charging and discharging in an normal operation. An oscillator as a component of a PLL circuit is constructed so as to be operative in a plurality of bands. In a state where a control voltage of the oscillator is fixed to a predetermined value, an oscillation frequency of the oscillator is measured in each of bands and stored in a storing circuit. A set value for designating a band supplied at the time of PLL operation is compared with the stored measured frequency value. From a result of comparison, a band to be actually used in the oscillator is determined, and a frequency difference between the maximum frequency of the selected band and the set frequency is obtained.

Abstract: A multiple-mode multiple band transceiver is disclosed. Some embodiments include a multiple-channel transmitter including a plurality of selectable transmit-channel components, the plurality of selectable transmit-channel components sharing at least one element coupled to a modulator, the plurality of selectable transmit channel components forming at least first and second transmit channels configured to generate radio-frequency signals using at least a first and a second multiple-access modulation technique, and a first switch configured to enable at least one of the first and second transmit channels to transmit a communication signal using at least one of the first and the second multiple-access modulation techniques.

Abstract: A quadrature tranceiver has a transmitter, a receiver, and a common local oscillator. With the transmitter switched off and the receiver switched on, a DC-error in the receiver is nulled in servo loops in in-phase and a quadrature receiver paths. After settling, the servo loops provide output values that are freed of the DC-error. DC-nulling output values are then sampled and stored. After sampling, the servo loops are opened. Thereafter, the transmitter is switched on while inputting a fixed signal to the transmitter, and DC-signals injected into in-phase and quadrature paths of the transmitter are adjusted until the opened servo loops provide the same output signal as obtained at the end of the DC-nulling. Corresponding values of the injected DC-signals are then stored as transmitter calibration values.

Abstract: A dual frequency band transceiver (10) is provided adapted to be operated into different transmission frequency bands. A control unit (8) controls a switching (6) between a first transmission frequency band FC1 and a second transmission frequency band FC2, wherein the control unit (8) changes correspondingly and simultaneously to the switching (6) in the first transmission frequency band FC1 and the second transmission frequency band FC2 between a first and a second channel bandwidth. The first and the second channel bandwidth satisfies the following equation: n*BC1=m*BC2, wherein BC1 and BC2 are the first and the second channel bandwidth, respectively, and n and m are an integer values starting with 1.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) integrated circuit (IC) includes a local oscillation module, analog radio receiver, analog radio transmitter, digital receiver module, digital transmitter module, and digital optimization module. The local oscillation module is operably coupled to produce at least one local oscillation. The analog radio receiver is operably coupled to directly convert inbound RF signals into inbound low intermediate frequency signals based on the local oscillation. The digital receiver module is operably coupled to process the inbound low IF signals in accordance with one of a plurality of radio transceiving standards to produce inbound data. The digital transmitter is operably coupled to produce an outbound low intermediate frequency signal by processing outbound data in accordance with the one of the plurality of radio transceiving standards. The analog radio transmitter is operably coupled to directly convert the outbound low IF signals into outbound RF signals based on the local oscillation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a transceiver apparatus that permits miniaturization even when the antenna thereof is an unbalanced circuit and the transmitter circuit section and receiver circuit section thereof are balanced circuits.

Abstract: In a multi-band radio terminal apparatus, when communication frequency bands are switched, a reception intermediate frequency is selected to be equal to each other in respective communication frequency bands. As a result, the circuit arrangements of this multi-band radio terminal apparatus succeeding to the intermediate frequency signal circuit stage are commonly used in the respective communication frequency bands. While a local oscillator signal is produced by a voltage-controlled oscillator, a phase-locked loop, and a doubler, in a case where communication is established within a plurality of communication frequency bands, the transmission/reception frequency intervals are different from each other. A mixer for a reception system and a mixer for a transmission system are commonly used so as to convert the frequency of the local oscillator signal into a frequency existing between the communication frequency and the intermediate frequency.

Abstract: A communication system for communicating CDMA and GSM transmit and receive RF information signals through one or more antennas is disclosed. The communication system is comprised of a transmitting unit, a receiving unit, and at least one antenna. The transmitting unit modulates and upconverts a transmit baseband information signal to generate a CDMA transmit RF information signal and a GSM transmit RF information signal. The receiving unit downconverts and demodulates a CDMA receive RF information signal and a GSM receive RF information signal to generate a receive baseband information signal. One or more antennas are coupled to the transmitting unit and receiving unit for transmitting the CDMA transmit RF information signal and the GSM transmit RF information signal, and receiving the CDMA receive RF information signal and the GSM receive RF information signal.

Abstract: It is not possible to display image data exchanged between portable terminals with different output capabilities. The data processing control apparatus processes processing object data based on the output capability of an output device capable of outputting the processing object data such as image data, and outputs to the output device the processed data that is the processed processing object data. Therefore, the processing object data was converted to the data adapted for the output capability of the output device so that the output device can output any processing object data.

Abstract: A transmitter/receiver combination system and a transmission signal canceling method for use in a wireless communication system using a single common antenna are provided. The system includes a circulator for receiving an original transmission signal from the transmitter, transmitting the received transmission signal to an antenna without a signal loss, and transmitting a reception signal received from the antenna to other ends without a signal loss, and a transmission signal canceller for dividing the transmission signal input in an attenuated form as much as a predetermined magnitude via the circulator together with the reception signal into two paths, producing two is phase inverted transmission signals with the same magnitude and delay time as those of the original transmission signal, and recombining the produced two transmission signals with each other, to thereby canceling the transmission signal and transmitting only the reception signal to the receiver.

Abstract: A preferred embodiment of the invention advantageously provides a method for integrating a plurality of radio systems in a unified transceiver structure and the device of the same. According to this general embodiment of the invention, all components for the necessary communication protocols of a device are determined by selecting the operation ranges of the components and designing a mechanism to adjust the operation parameters of the shared components for conforming to the utilized communications system. Therefore, only one radio frequency (RF) module is required for a communications device having a plurality of communication systems. An end user can advantageously carry a single and compact wireless device for various communications systems.

Abstract: A wideband radio transceiver system that features a wideband RF section and a flexible and scalable baseband signal processing section. The transceiver system architecture has configurable baseband processing to process signals for multiple communication protocol standards, or multiple instances of the same communication protocol standard, that operate over the same frequency band. Optional additional features include a transmit carrier suppressor and transmit interference canceller to suppress the effects of a transmit signal on receive signal processing when signals are being transmitted and received simultaneously.

Abstract: In a multi-band radio terminal apparatus, when communication frequency bands are switched, a reception intermediate frequency is selected to be equal to each other in respective communication frequency bands. As a result, the circuit arrangements of this multi-band radio terminal apparatus succeeding to the intermediate frequency signal circuit stage are commonly used in the respective communication frequency bands. While a local oscillator signal is produced by a voltage-controlled oscillator, a phase-locked loop, and a doubler, in a case where communication is established within a plurality of communication frequency bands, the transmission/reception frequency intervals are different from each other. A mixer for a reception system and a mixer for a transmission system are commonly used so as to convert the frequency of the local oscillator signal into a frequency existing between the communication frequency and the intermediate frequency.

Abstract: A system and method for simultaneous transmission and receival where the received signal is downconverted in a downconverting unit by using a portion of the transmitted modulated signal as LO for the downconversion. The downconversion is performed to an intermediate frequency signal having a frequency equal to the difference between the frequency of the transmitted signal and the frequency of the received signal. There is provided a common antenna for transmitting and receiving, and a duplex filter in front of the antenna to separate the transmitted signal and the received signal with the transmitter data on the transmitter side having been applied to a modulator. In front of the duplex filter on the transmitter side is provided a power amplifier. On the receiver side there is, in addition, provided a demodulator to permit withdrawal of user data for the user on the receiver side.

Abstract: A multi-mode bidirectional communications device including a diplexer having a high-pass filter, a low-pass filter, and a notch filter selectively coupled to the low-pass filter. The notch-filter is selectively coupled to the low-pass filter in response to an indicium of a desired spectral region.

Abstract: A radio-frequency (RF) apparatus includes front-end circuitry. The front-end circuitry includes a filter circuitry and an impedance matching circuitry. The filter circuitry has a differential output that has an output impedance. The filter circuitry filters signals outside a signal band of interest. The impedance matching network has a differential input coupled to the output of the filter circuitry. The impedance matching network also has a differential output coupled to a signal processing circuitry. The signal processing circuitry has an input impedance. The impedance matching network matches the input impedance of the signal processing circuitry to the output impedance of the filter circuitry.

Abstract: An intermediate frequency amplifier for wireless communication applications has the same receive path and transmit path through an off-chip filter. The intermediate frequency amplifier circuit includes a first amplifier and a second amplifier. The second amplifier includes a gain control circuitry. The second amplifier provides gain control for both the receive mode and for the transmit mode of operation. The IF amplifier can be used in a variety of communication applications, including cordless telephones, cellular phones, PHS phones, wireless modems, radios, and other devices.

Abstract: A transceiver circuit is disclosed for use in radio frequency communication systems. The circuit includes a transmitter circuit, a receiver circuit and a local oscillator circuit. The local oscillator circuit includes at least one oscillator input signal having a frequency that is a non-integer multiple of the transmission frequency of the radio frequency communication system. The oscillator input signal is used to produce a transmitter local oscillator signal and a receiver local oscillator signal.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus which provides a part of an additional interface in the power module and makes connection to an external device through the power module. The body of the apparatus is made to be lightweight and miniaturized. If installation of another interface is necessary, this can be realized by changing the power module.

Abstract: A transmitter-receiver circuit is provided with a band pass filter which extracts a desired frequency component from a receiving signal and a low pass filter which removes an unnecessary frequency component from a transmitting signal. In the transmitter-receiver circuit, the band pass filter and the low pass filter are formed in the same chip so that a variation of impedance elements becomes the same, and a frequency adjustment signal, which is generated in a digital circuit, to adjust band pass characteristics of the band pass filter is commonly used for the adjustment of a variation of the band pass filter. Therefore, by sharing the configuration for detection and adjustment of the variation, it is possible to reduce size of the circuit and make a cut-off frequency of the low pass filter constant, thereby generating a stable transmitting signal.

Abstract: A system handles both reception signals collected via an antenna and transmission signals generated by a communication station for transmission via the antenna. The system includes a cryostat, a receive path carrying the reception signals and disposed in the cryostat, and a transmit path carrying the transmission signals. The receive path and the transmit path are coupled between the system and the antenna and between the system and the communication station. Accordingly, the receive path is duplexed with the transmit path such that the front-end system has a first single input/output connection for coupling the front-end system to the antenna and a second single input/output connection for coupling the front-end system to the communication station.

Abstract: An apparatus and system is provided for coupling an ethernet switch to communication link(s) in a communication network without requiring the disconnection and reconnection of the communication link(s). A module is configured to accommodate components of an ethernet switch, and can be modularly introduced into a communication rack and quickly engaged with rack-mounted mating connectors which are coupled to the communication link(s).

Abstract: In a multi-band radio terminal apparatus, even when communication frequency bands are switched, a reception intermediate frequency is selected to be equal to each other in the respective different communication frequency bands. As a result, the circuit arrangements of this multi-band radio terminal apparatus succeeding to the intermediate frequency signal circuit stage are commonly used in the respective communication frequency bands, and can be made simple.

Abstract: In a multi-band radio terminal apparatus, when communication frequency bands are switched, a reception intermediate frequency is selected to be equal to each other in respective communication frequency bands. As a result, the circuit arrangements of this multi-band radio terminal apparatus succeeding to the intermediate frequency signal circuit stage are commonly used in the respective communication frequency bands. While a local oscillator signal is produced by a voltage-controlled oscillator, a phase-locked loop, and a doubler, in a case where communication is established within a plurality of communication frequency bands, the transmission/reception frequency intervals are different from each other. A mixer for a reception system and a mixer for a transmission system are commonly used so as to convert the frequency of the local oscillator signal into a frequency existing between the communication frequency and the intermediate frequency.

Abstract: Downlink and uplink frequencies in a wireless access system are time-shared by adjacent sectors, but remain dedicated to downlink or uplink transmission and may utilize FDD-only bandwidth within the MMDS spectrum. TDD wireless access equipment need only be modified by introducing a frequency change at the normal TDD guard point, with respective downlink or uplink periods for adjacent sectors offset to form overlapping frames. Cyclo-stationary processing, block equalization, and burst timing coordination allow the boundary between downlink and uplink portions of both frames to be set dynamically, improving spectral efficiency. Fast frequency switching within an allotted physical slot enables synchronization of time-sharing the dedicated frequencies to be maintained among sectors and cells.

Abstract: A frequency synthesizer for a radio terminal with which a dual-band and/or dual-mode switchover is possible in a simple manner. The frequency synthesizer has a double phase-locked loop with a high-frequency portion and an intermediate-frequency portion, each with one divider and one counter in a feedback branch. There is at least one memory for holding a plurality of divider values for the counter in the intermediate-frequency portion. The counter in the high-frequency portion is coupled to the memory in such a way that when a new divider value is written into the counter of the high-frequency portion, an associated divider value from the memory is written into the counter of the intermediate-frequency portion. In this way, the frequency generated by the intermediate-frequency divider is adapted to the frequency generated in the high-frequency portion in such a way that the requisite operating frequencies of each active mobile radio system are set automatically.

Abstract: In radiocommunication apparatus, two downconverters (41, 42) for use in reception system each heterodyne their respective received RF signal to an intermediate frequency. One of the downconverters employs a local signal generated by a synthesizer (19), and the other employs a signal obtained by dividing the frequency of the local signal by a factor of N. Two upconverters (161, 162) for use in transmission system each convert their respective input transmit signal to a transmit RF signal. One of the upconverters employs a local signal generated by the synthesizer (19) and the other employs a signal obtained by dividing the frequency of the local signal by a factor of N.

Abstract: A digital signal processing circuit for field programmable radio frequency communications system including a digital controlled numerical controlled oscillator (NCO), dual digital signal conditioning circuits, and dual mixer circuits. The various circuits are responsive to digital commands for configuring the digital signal processing circuit to function with a variety of signaling schemes or waveforms. When configuring for angle modulation, a single conditioning and mixer is used and the modulating digital input signal is up converted to the center frequency of the NCO by the conditioning circuit and applied to an offset input of the NCO.

Abstract: The output of a fixed frequency local oscillator is multiplied in frequency by a frequency multiplier and used in the mixer of the first down-conversion stage of a heterodyne receiver. Receiver channel selection and tuning takes place at IF by means of a PLL, the phase detector for the receiver PLL being used also as the phase detected for the transmitter tracking loop PLL. The multiplied local oscillator output is also used in the mixer of the transmitter tracking loop.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses for down-converting and up-converting an electromagnetic signal. In embodiments, the invention operates by receiving an electromagnetic signal and recursively operating on approximate half cycles of a carrier signal. The recursive operations can be performed at a sub-harmonic rate of the carrier signal. The invention accumulates the results of the recursive operations and uses the accumulated results to form a down-converted signal. In embodiments, up-conversion is accomplished by controlling a switch with an oscillating signal, the frequency of the oscillating signal being selected as a sub-harmonic of the desired output frequency. When the invention is being used in the frequency modulation or phase modulation implementations, the oscillating signal is modulated by an information signal before it causes the switch to gate a bias signal. The output of the switch is filtered, and the desired harmonic is output.

Abstract: A transceiver with a receive/transmit fast switch function according to the invention is disclosed. In the transceiver, a frequency generator is used to generate a carrier signal which is fed into a transmitter and a receiver. Furthermore, a frequency transfer circuit and a frequency synthesizer are used to generate first, second and third local oscillation signals which are fed into the transmitter and the receiver. When transmitting a signal, the transmitter receives the carrier signal and the first local oscillation signal. The carrier signal is up converted by a mixer and then transmitted by the antenna. Inversely, when receiving a signal, the receiver receives the signal from the antenna, the receive signal is down converted in coordination with the second and third local oscillation signals and then outputted. Moreover, the receive signal can be demodulated into an FSK signal by a discriminator.

Abstract: A transceiver for use in universal mobile telecommunication systems is specified which exhibits an intermediate frequency in a range from 0 to 0.5 megahertz at the receiver end and an intermediate frequency of 190 megahertz at the transmitting end. The configuration described enables it to be operated with frequency duplex division (FDD), time duplex division and FDD variable duplex frequency. When a network operator is only provided with a narrow bandwidth, the configuration described can be operated in a particularly energy-saving manner due to the fact that only one local oscillator is needed for the first and second mixers. In this case, the transmit intermediate frequency of 190 megahertz can be adjusted by +/−5 or +/−10 megahertz. The configuration described can be highly integrated in a simple manner.

Abstract: A system and method for providing a field configurable radio frequency communication system including an intermediate frequency digital signal processing circuit therefor. The intermediate frequency digital signal processing circuits includes digital transmitter and receiver circuit paths, a digital baseband circuit, control registers and an interface circuit. The transmitter and receiver circuit paths and the baseband circuits include digital processing circuits that are configurable by commands provided to the control register via the interface circuit to select the transmitter or receiver mode of operation, to select the signaling scheme of waveform employed, to configure the signal processing functions of the transmitter or receiver circuit paths, and to select the use of any of a plurality a baseband signal processing functions.

Abstract: A circuit and method for reducing local oscillator frequency transmission in a homodyne, or direct conversion, radio transceiver using I/Q modulation/demodulation minimizes local oscillator leakage to the antenna and its subsequent reception by the receiver by interfacing I/Q input signals to the modulator in a controlled manner so as to increase isolation during reception by presenting high impedance states to the I/Q modulator input terminals during reception thereby nulling the carrier during reception.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for implementing a transceiver, in which method radio-frequency signals are transmitted and received with a transceiver for communicating information. A radio-frequency signal received at a receiving stage is subjected to at least a first filtering step, in which a desired receiving signal is separated from the signal with a filter. A signal to be transmitted at a transmission stage is subjected to at least a second filtering step, in which a desired transmission signal is separated from the signal with a filter, to be transmitted. In the method, the same filter is used at least partly in said first and second filtering steps.

Abstract: Full-duplex, coherent transceivers are provided which can directly interface between exisiting data interface modules (e.g., cable modems) and wireless cable providers to facilitate the flow of high-speed downlink communication signals and high-speed uplink data signals. Currently, a speed bottleneck is formed between consumers and various communication resources (e.g., the internet) by low transfer rates of telephones and conventional modems. This bottleneck is removed by transceivers of the invention. The transceiver structure prevents frequency inversion and reduces cost because it can form the required interface without requiring additional interface modules.

Abstract: An amplifier system for electrical or physical quantities such as voltage or sound converts the quantity in a transducer to a differential phase shift of a high carrier frequency which is an analog equivalent of the quantity and multiplies the differential phase shift by conversion to a low frequency and frequency doubling back to the carrier frequency in successive stages by means of digital logic circuits.

Abstract: This invention relates to a bidirectional frequency translator apparatus and method in which transmit and receive spectra are simultaneously produced at both a low frequency port and a high frequency port of a mixer. The method involves receiving a first transmit signal at a low frequency port of a first mixer and up-converting the first transmit signal with the mixer to produce an up-converted first transmit signal at a high frequency port of the mixer. Simultaneously a receive signal is received at the high frequency port and is down-converted at the mixer to produce a down-converted receive signal at the low frequency port. The receive signal is injected at the high frequency port while extracting the up-converted first transmit signal from the high frequency port.

Abstract: An AGC amplifier control circuit applying for both transmission and reception which the quantity of data memorizing in a memory is decreased and the address of the memory is simplified is provided. The AGC amplifier control circuit provides RF attenuators controlled in hysteresis and these RF attenuators are driven at the next gain renewing time of AGC amplifiers and provides attenuation controllers outputting the information whether the RF attenuators have a fixed attenuation quantity or not. In this construction of circuit, memories memorize the control voltage data of the gain of the AGC amplifiers with the relation of desired outputs, at the time when the RF attenuators are driven and have a fixed attenuation quantity, data conversion circuits convert the data to make the gain of the AGC amplifiers increase corresponding to these attenuation quantities.

Abstract: A microwave transmitter/receiver module has a package that includes a high-frequency circuit board and an electromagnetically narrowed space. A semiconductor chip is mounted on the circuit board and is contained in the electromagnetically narrowed space. The electromagnetically narrowed space has a cutoff frequency that is higher than a carrier frequency for microwave communication. A receiver antenna pattern is formed on the top surface of the package and is electromagnetically connected to the semiconductor chip through a first slot. A transmitter antenna pattern is formed on the top surface of the package at a different position from the receiver antenna pattern and is electromagnetically connected to the semiconductor chip through a second slot. Since the antenna patterns are on the top surface of the package, the proper performance thereof is secured and the package is compact.

Abstract: This invention relates to a radio transceiver operable in multiple modes. The transceiver is operable, in one embodiment, to communicate with digital and analogue modulation format cellular radio systems. The handset utilizes a novel frequency plan and architecture to enable a minimum level of complexity for dual-moe operation. The frequency plan preferably uses two local oscillators 1LO, 2LO to general all the required frequencies for both the digital and analogue modulation format transceivers, derived from a single reference crystal oscillator. A radio architecture is used to enable switchable dual-mode operation with maximum commonality of functional blocks to facilitate silicon integration.

Abstract: This invention identifies a process for determining the performance of radio frequency (RF) links in the Army's Enhanced Position Reporting System (EPLRS) with a high level of statistical confidence. The method includes determining a statistical difference between a mean propagation loss for an EPLRS RF link based on measured RF propagation loss and TIREM calculated RF propagation loss, establishing a margin of error based on said statistical difference to arrive at a confidence level of the RF propagation loss, determining a computed S/N based on the confidence level, for the benign and jamming case, and determining a PCOM value based on the computed S/N value.

Abstract: A first local signal required for a downconverter of a reception system and an upconverter of a transmission system in a first band is generated by a synthesizer for generating a variable high frequency local signal. A second local signal required for a downconverter of a reception system and an upconverter of a transmission system in a second band is generated by mixing a signal generated by an oscillator for generating a signal at a relatively low fixed frequency with the first local signal using a mixer and filtering the result using a high-pass filter.