Abstract: A pasture grass substrate includes a dry material and water. The dry material includes pasture grasses, corncobs and rice brans. The weight ratio of the pasture grasses in the dry material is from 55% to 75%. The weight ratio of the corncobs in the dry material is from 20% to 30%. The weight ratio of the rice brans in the dry material is from 5% to 15%. The incubating methods of mushrooms are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for the production of a mature mycelium extract for sublingual mycelia rich tincture from cultured mushroom spores in a growth medium of cooked natural grains provides the growth medium for mushroom mycelia in a sterile container containing the growth medium, inoculation of the growth medium with mushroom spores into the sterile container to culture growth of mushroom mycelia, harvest a mycelia product and processing the mycelia after using ultrasonic extraction and the addition of food grade ingredients to form a mycelia-rich liquid that is ultimately processed to form a mycelium rich sublingual tincture.

Abstract: Provided is an activator for a growth medium used for artificial cultivation of mushrooms, and the activator is used in a growth medium for mushroom artificial cultivation and improves and stabilizes the yield. The activator for a mushroom growth medium includes, as antacid inorganic substances, aluminum, calcium, and magnesium. By changing the proportion of each element, the neutralization function is adjusted. By adding a small amount of the activator, an optimum cultivation pH for an intended type of mushroom is achieved, and the optimum cultivation pH can be maintained.

Abstract: A method of making a food source or medicinal composition and a mycotecture construction unit includes (a) cultivating a mycelium/substrate composite and edible mushrooms, and (b) manufacturing the mycotecture construction unit. A mycelium inoculum is formed of a preselected fungus and used to inoculate a substrate. Mycelium are grown in the inoculated substrate in a growing column and edible mushrooms are harvested from the mycelium, leaving a mycelium-substrate composite. The manufacture of the mycotecture construction unit includes placing the mycelium-substrate composite into a modular, reconfigurable press having a cavity with a predetermined shape; pressing the mycelium-substrate composite at a predetermined pressure; and heating the mycelium-substrate composite in a heating chamber.

Abstract: A monokaryotic mycelium sheet producing system for creating a sheet of monokaryotic mycelial material. The mycelium sheet producing system includes a culture unit, a spore stock unit, a plating unit, a section unit, a sub-plating unit, an expanding unit and a colonization unit. The culture unit prepares a monokaryon culture. The spore stock unit grows a plurality of fruit bodies in sterile laboratory conditions to create a spore stock. The plating unit performs a peroxide-based spore rescue and a plating process. The section unit is adaptable to section robust hyphae. The sub-plating unit sub-plates and expands the robust hyphae onto a spawn grain master. The expanding unit subsequently expands the spawn grain master into appropriate production of spawn volume. The colonization unit is adaptable to perform a subsequent colonization of mycelium substrate thereby creating a substantially defect free sheet of mycelium.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a cultivation method of morels and belongs to the technical field of cultivation of edible fungi. After nutrient contents that can be metabolized and utilized by morel mycelia are scientifically matched, sterilization treatment of exogenous nutrients is eliminated, and the exogenous nutrients are directly compressed for forming. Formed exogenous nutrient blocks and spawn is sowed and covered with soil, so as to realize a potential difference between “rich” and “poor” nutrients in a physical space. When the spawn germinate to form a mycelium network, the mycelia will enter a nutrient-rich exogenous nutrient area, secrete various extracellular enzymes to decompose and utilize these exogenous nutrient blocks, and transport them to a nutrient-poor mycelium network for storage, so as to complete nutrient assimilation and absorption, and reserve energy for later sexual reproduction.

Abstract: A delivery device and system to supplement CO2 in an underwater environment without the need for electricity or the use of compressed CO2. The device consists of a container containing a biological organism such as mycelium and including an exit portal for CO2 to enter the underwater environment. The device may also incorporate a separation device to delay and control the flow of CO2. The system requires the device to be held in place through a securing point in the underwater environment. The minimum requirements for the device are described, but in certain instances it will be preferably used with a double-bag or an outer shell housing to protect or aesthetically conceal the placement underwater. The use of this device and system to supplement carbon dioxide in water will span many industries and applications. It will assist with mosquito trapping. It will also supplement CO2 in underwater growing environments.

Abstract: A monokaryotic mycelium sheet producing system for creating a sheet of monokaryotic mycelial material. The mycelium sheet producing system includes a culture unit, a spore stock unit, a plating unit, a section unit, a sub-plating unit, an expanding unit and a colonization unit. The culture unit prepares a monokaryon culture. The spore stock unit grows a plurality of fruit bodies in sterile laboratory conditions to create a spore stock. The plating unit performs a peroxide-based spore rescue and a plating process. The section unit is adaptable to section robust hyphae. The sub-plating unit sub-plates and expands the robust hyphae onto a spawn grain master. The expanding unit subsequently expands the spawn grain master into appropriate production of spawn volume. The colonization unit is adaptable to perform a subsequent colonization of mycelium substrate thereby creating a substantially defect free sheet of mycelium.

Abstract: An entirely water-based, energy self-sufficient, integrated in-line waste management system is provided for comprehensive conversion of all organic fractions of municipal and wider community waste to fuels suitable for use in transportation, with all solid residues converted to high nutrition compost. The system is based on a combination of pre-treatment, involving alkaline hydrolysis and saponification; three-way separation of the pre-treated waste into different streams that are each directed to suitable further processing including fuel production; which includes biodiesel generation in a continuous-flow catalytic esterification unit, and anaerobic digestion to produce methane or other small molecule biofuel. Remaining solids are converted to compost in a quasi-continuous process.

Abstract: A method and a system for growing plants on multilayer principle in mobile gutter farming is described, whereby, in the process of growing plants planted in cultivation gutters, said plants are conveyed in cultivation layers present on top of each other in a cultivation space in a longitudinal direction of the cultivation space in one or opposite directions. The cultivation gutters and the plants contained therein, are treated in the cultivation space by means of a processing arrangement in a cultivation layer-specific manner, whereby the cultivation gutters and the plants contained therein are first of all conveyed by motion elements in each cultivation layer of the cultivation space in the longitudinal direction of the cultivation space in opposite directions and are treated by processing elements in each cultivation layer of the cultivation space separately, in a manner substantially independent of the other cultivation layers.

Abstract: Device for delivering at least a layer of compost and casing soil to a shelving for growing mushrooms, comprising a first conveyor, on which in a downstream direction are arranged a first hopper with a receiving opening for receiving compost and a dispensing opening for delivering a compost layer on the first conveyor and a second hopper with a receiving opening for receiving casing soil and a dispensing opening for delivering casing soil on the compost layer wherein at least one separator for separating in a direction perpendicular to the downstream direction at least two fractions of the layer of compost with casing soil.

Abstract: The present invention is a cannabidiol oral dosage form including predominantly or exclusively hemp pomace that has been co-fermented with a complex fungi, compounded as a tablet or formulated within a capsule. The dosage forms contain dietary fiber, important to activity as the desired delivery system, having a ratio of at least one part soluble dietary fiber to 30 parts insoluble dietary fiber, and delivers desirable/non hallucinogenic cannabinoids (CBD, CBG) in a ratio of 60:1 up to 120:1 to hallucinogenic cannabinoids (THC).

Abstract: A novel method of growing fungi is disclosed which uses an engineered artificial media and produces high density filamentous fungi biomats that can be harvested with a minimum of processing and from which fungal products such as antibiotics, proteins, and lipids can be isolated, the method resulting in lowered fungus cultivation costs for energy usage, oxygenation, water usage and waste stream production.

Abstract: Horticulture systems and methods including an air handling rack system comprising frame supply and return plenums, an input diffusion assembly physically supported by and fluidically coupled to the frame supply plenum, and a plant support tray assembly physically supported by and fluidically coupled to the frame return plenum. The input diffusion assembly is configured to direct a supply airflow flowing through the frame supply plenum downwardly from an underside thereof. The plant support tray assembly is positioned below the at least one input diffusion assembly to form an environmental cultivation chamber therebetween. The rack system is configured to direct the supply airflow through the environmental cultivation chamber from the input diffusion assembly to the plant support tray assembly past one or more plants positioned on a support side of the plant support tray assembly and into the frame return plenum as a return airflow.

Abstract: A growth medium for fungus is obtained by: (a) treating a mixture of lignocellulosic biomass and water with at least one oxidizing agent and steam at a temperature in a range of from about 130 C to about 220 C for a period from about 5 seconds to about 10 hours; (b) periodically measuring a pH of the mixture for substantially an entire duration of the treating step; and (c) as necessary, based on the pH of the mixture measured in step (b), adjusting the pH of the mixture into a range of from about pH 4.5 to about pH 7.5 by adding abase to the mixture. A method for producing the growth medium for fungi and a method for cultivating fungi are also provided.

Abstract: The method of making a compressed biocomposite body includes compressing a mass of biocomposite material comprised of discrete particles and a network of interconnected glucan-containing mycelia cells in the presence of heat and moisture into a compressed body having a density in excess of 18 pcf. Compression may take place batch wise in a press or continuously in a path of narrowing cross-section defined by a series of heated rollers.

Abstract: A cap assembly for a cultivation bottle for growing mushrooms is provided. The cap assembly (10) includes a bottle fitting member (20) configured to fit onto a mouth part (54) of the cultivation bottle (50) and a bowl-shaped member (30) configured to be placed on the bottle fitting member. The cap assembly being connected to the bottle prior to fruiting such that the mushrooms grow up through the mouth of the bottle and the attached cap assembly. The bowl-shaped member being separable from the bottle and attached bottle fitting member to facilitate harvesting of the mushroom fruiting bodies and removal of a section of the elongated hard tip portion.

Abstract: The process for producing mycelium biomaterial provides fresh oxygen to the growing mycelium biomaterial while removing waste heat and waste carbon dioxide by forced aeration through large volumes of material. In a first phase of fungal expansion, humidified air at a programmed temperature is passed upwardly and through a fungal inoculated substrate of discrete particles to allow the fungal inoculum to expand and dominate the substrate. Nutrient is added to the inoculated mixture and a second phase of fungal expansion is performed wherein humidified air at a programmed temperature is passed upwardly and through the nutrient enriched fungal inoculated substrate to allow the fungal inoculum to bond the discrete particles into a self-supporting biocomposite. The process and apparatus of the invention allows for the processing of grown materials bound by mycelium at depths of greater than 6? and particularly in the range of from 24? to 28?.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method to prepare a myceliated high-protein food product, which includes culturing a fungi an aqueous media which has a high level of plant protein, for example at least 20 g protein per 100 g dry weight with excipients, on a dry weight basis. The plant protein can include pea, rice and/or chickpea. The fungi can include comprises Lentinula spp., Agaricus spp., Pleurotus spp., Boletus spp., or Laetiporus spp. After culturing, the material is harvested by obtaining the myceliated high-protein food product via drying or concentrating. The resultant myceliated high-protein food product may have its taste, flavor, or aroma modulated, such as by increasing desirable flavors or tastes such as meaty, savory, umami, popcorn and/or by decreasing undesirable flavors such as bitterness, astringency or beaniness. Deflavoring and/or deodorizing as compared to non-myceliated control materials can also be observed. Also disclosed are myceliated high-protein food products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for growing mushrooms, comprising a shelving, arranged for supporting beds for holding compost, said beds for holding compost wherein the beds are placed at a mutual distance above each other characterized in that the beds are movable between at least a first position, wherein a second bed supported above a first bed at least partially impedes the accessibility of the first bed in a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first bed extends and a second position in which at least a larger part of the first bed is free approachable from a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first bed extends than in the first position.

Abstract: A monokaryotic mycelium sheet producing system for creating a sheet of monokaryotic mycelial material. The mycelium sheet producing system includes a culture unit, a spore stock unit, a plating unit, a section unit, a sub-plating unit, an expanding unit and a colonization unit. The culture unit prepares a monokaryon culture. The spore stock unit grows a plurality of fruit bodies in sterile laboratory conditions to create a spore stock. The plating unit performs a peroxide-based spore rescue and a plating process. The section unit is adaptable to section robust hyphae. The sub-plating unit sub-plates and expands the robust hyphae onto a spawn grain master. The expanding unit subsequently expands the spawn grain master into appropriate production of spawn volume. The colonization unit is adaptable to perform a subsequent colonization of mycelium substrate thereby creating a substantially defect free sheet of mycelium.

Abstract: A planting method for morels is disclosed, including the following steps of: (1) preparing spawn; (2) flipping the spawn; (3) managing the humidity; and (4) fruiting for harvesting. The planting method is simple, is easy to learn and promote, has a high yield, and requires few spawn, thereby reducing planting costs and product costs.

Abstract: The method of growing a biopolymer material employs incubation of a growth media comprised of nutritive substrate and a fungus in containers that are placed in a closed incubation chamber with air flows passed over each container while the chamber is maintained with a predetermined environment of humidity, temperature, carbon dioxide and oxygen. The air flows may be directed parallel or perpendicularly to the surfaces of the growth media.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for growing mushrooms, including beds for holding compost and a shelving arranged for supporting the beds for holding compost. The beds are placed at a mutual distance above each other. The beds are movable between at least a first position, wherein a second bed supported above a first bed at least partially impedes the accessibility of the first bed in a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first bed extends, and a second position in which at least a larger part of the first bed is free approachable from a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first bed extends than in the first position. The shelving includes at least one portal. The portal includes at least two essentially vertical stands connected by at least one beam that extends from a first stand to the second stand. At least two beds are movably supported by the at least one beam.

Abstract: A method of inoculating a tree with an ectomycorrhizal fungus is disclosed. The method comprises contacting at least one non-terrestrial adventitious root of the tree with the ectomycorrhizal fungus under conditions suitable for inoculation of the at least one non-terrestrial adventitious root by the ectomycorrhizal fungus. Methods of cultivating the ectomycorrhizal fungus are also disclosed as well as systems and devices for same.

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement for cultivation of horticultural products, more specifically mushrooms. A first and a second rack are arranged adjacent and aligned with each other, providing a working space therebetween. Each rack comprises support structures arranged at support heights for supporting cultivation packages at a plurality of heights. The support heights are aligned with each other. The arrangement comprises moving means for moving packages from the first to the second rack or back, via the working space. Cultivation packages can be supported such that at most a single package is supported at each of the aligned support heights. This enables the packages to be alternatingly supported in either the first or the second rack across the support heights. The arrangement further includes an operator platform within the working space which is moveable in a vertical direction to enable working at different heights.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing mushrooms, comprising the steps of: i) providing a tray having a first surface and an opposite second surface and comprising a plurality of depressions in the first surface, the inner surfaces of the depressions defining receptacles open to the first surface for holding a mushroom growth medium and the outer surfaces of the depressions defining protrusions extending out from the second surface, ii) filling each receptacle at least partially with a mushroom growth medium, iii) applying a foil or sheet to the first surface so as to close each receptacle, iv) pasteurizing the mushroom growth medium, v) inoculating the growth media with mushroom spawn by injecting the mushroom spawn through the foil or sheet into the mushroom growth medium, vi) incubating the growth medium for allowing a mushroom mycelium to form in the mushroom growth medium, vii) at least partially removing or opening the foil or sheet above the receptacles to allow mushrooms to grow to pro

Abstract: Provided is a food composition which include a myceliated high-protein food product and methods to make such compositions, which are mixtures of myceliated high-protein food products and other edible materials. A food composition includes dairy alternative products, ready to mix beverages and beverage bases; extruded and extruded/puffed products; sheeted baked goods; meat analogs and extenders; baked goods and baking mixes; granola; and soups/soup bases. Food compositions also include texturized plant protein which can be used for making meat-structured plant protein meat analog or meat extender products. The food compositions have reduced undesirable flavors and reduced undesirable aromas due to use of myceliated high-protein food products as compared to use of similar high-protein material that is not myceliated.

Abstract: Systems and methods of generating water for growing or vitally supporting plants, fungi, and/or aquatic animals are provided herein. The systems include a water generating unit that utilizes process fluid produced by plant transpiration or fungus respiration to generate water. Nutrients may be added to the water through hydroponic and aquaponic systems, then provided back to the plants in a closed loop. The systems may be monitored, optimized, and controlled remotely.

Abstract: A cultivation bag assembly for the cultivation of microbes, fungi and other organisms includes an inner bag for containing a food substrate and an organism to be cultivated. At least one wall of the inner bag is constructed of a layer of water-vapor permeable material. An outer bag of the assembly has first and second walls formed from gas impermeable layers. At least one of the first and second walls of the outer bag has a gas filter patch to allow the passage of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases into and out of the interior of the inner bag to facilitate incubation of the organism within the interior of the inner bag. The inner bag and outer bag are coupled together at a first end of each of the inner bag and outer bag.

Abstract: Disclosed is a chemical-physical method of producing mushrooms enriched with biologically active substances including steps of isolation and pre-seeding development of the mycelium of a desired fungal species, maturation of the substrate, mycelium sowing and incubation with development of fungal primordia under conditions controlled and assisted by machines and processors designed to adjust temperature, humidity and radiation, development of carpophores, their collection and treatment with pulsed light in order to stimulate the production of vitamin D2. Physical treatment includes exposing the environment to electromagnetic fields (EMF) during all the previous steps the collection, and chemical treatment includes adding the substrate with egg powder.

Abstract: A mycelium growth bed for optimal production of pure mycelium or a pure mycelium composite with controlled or predictable properties, the bed comprising a tray, a conveying platform, a permeable membrane, a substrate, a porous material and a lid. The permeable membrane is positioned on the conveying platform within the tray. The substrate is positioned on the permeable membrane and the porous material is positioned on top of the substrate. The system provides a configuration having a substrate weight to surrounding space volume ratio between 0.5 and 5.0 g/cc, an air volume (surrounding space) to substrate volume between 0.01 and 1.0, and an air volume (surrounding space) to substrate area is between 0.5 and 5 cc/cm, wherein the CO2 concentration is held above 3%, the relative humidity is held above 40% and the O2 concentration is held below 20% in steady state conditions to produce leather-like mycelium without fruiting bodies.

Abstract: A culture of the Agaricus bisporus strain B12998 is provided, the culture of the strain B12998 having been deposited under the NRRL Accession Number 50902. Other embodiments include a hybrid strain of Agaricus bisporus having BP-1 as one parent and an OW, SW, HW or experimental BW strain as a second parent. Still other embodiments include a hybrid strain of Agaricus bisporus having strain B12998 as at least one parent. Methods are provided for obtaining offspring including homokaryotic lines from select hybrid strain cultures of Agaricus bisporus, as well as methods and processes for producing hybrid mushroom cultures. A method of mushroom strain development is further provided.

Abstract: A method for commercially growing mushrooms includes the steps of: placing a layer of compost in a bed; laying a polymer sheet over the layer of compost; placing a layer of peat over the sheet; growing a crop of mushrooms in the first layer of peat; harvesting the crop of mushrooms; removing the polymer sheet and the layer of peat from the sheet; placing a replacement polymer sheet and layer of peat over the sheet; and growing a replacement crop of mushrooms. Mushrooms grown according to the method are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of producing a fertiliser composition, the method comprising: (a) providing a composition comprising an amino compound; (b) contacting the composition provided in step (a) with a composition comprising carbon dioxide; and (c) adding a composition comprising cellulosic fibres to the mixture obtained in step (b).

Abstract: A method for genetic transformation of edible mushrooms is provided relating to the technical field of genetic transformation of Agaricus bisporus, enoki mushroom and shiitake. The disclosed method for genetic transformation of Agaricus bisporus includes: inoculating Agaricus bisporus liquid mycelia into a foxtail-millet-grain culture medium, and pre-culturing them at 20-25° C. until Agaricus bisporus mycelia grow on surfaces of foxtail millet grains. This method uses the foxtail millet grains as an attachment matrix, and during the pre-culturing and co-culturing, the culture substrate is shaken up every day. The method for genetic transformation of enoki mushroom or shiitake includes: inoculation of enoki mushroom mycelia or shiitake mycelia, activated culturing of agrobacterium, and agrobacterium infecting a foxtail millet grain-enoki mushroom mycelium matrix or a foxtail millet grain-shiitake mycelium matrix.

Abstract: The invention is an important innovation in mushroom culture in which not only are mycelia beneficially grown on the novel combination of a grain (or seed) and an herb, in the preferred embodiment of the invention the mycelial mass is grown in a co-fermentation with all of a grain (or seed), an herb and a juice.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for a mobile rig configured to control a photoperiodic response of a photoperiodically sensitive plant subject (e.g., a short-day plant) planted in an open field. The mobile rig includes a support structure; wheels; and light sources attached to the support structure at a position for emitting light on an upper surface of the photoperiodically sensitive plant subject. The mobile rig includes or is coupled to a control circuit having processing circuitry configured to cause the mobile rig to navigate across an open field having the photoperiodically sensitive plant subject planted therein and selectively illuminate the photoperiodically sensitive plant subject using the light sources attached to the mobile rig, for instance, during nighttime hours in a wavelength range between approximately 250 nm and approximately 800 nm to control the photoperiodic response of the photoperiodically sensitive plant subject planted therein.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions, devices, and methods to prevent and recover from detrimental effects of alcohol consumption, including significant undesirable symptoms of a hangover consciously felt by the alcohol consumer, as well as those that may not be consciously experienced. The present technology comprehensively targets multiple negative effects of hangovers. In one aspect, a composition includes dihydromyricetin (DHM); and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). The composition may further include Prickly Pear Extract, Milk Thistle, Ginger Root, Vitamins B, C, and E, electrolytes, and/or sugars.

Abstract: Disclosed are biodegradable insulation materials comprising a structural scaffold; and at least one temperature resilient fungus. Also disclosed are methods of making and using biodegradable insulation materials comprising a structural scaffold; and at least one temperature resilient fungus. For example, disclosed are methods of insulating an infrastructure comprising administering the disclosed biodegradable insulation materials to an infrastructure.

Abstract: The composite material is comprised of a substrate of discrete particles and a network of interconnected mycelia cells bonding the discrete particles together. The composite material is a made by inoculating a substrate of discrete particles and a nutrient material with a preselected fungus. The fungus digests the nutrient material over a period of time sufficient to grow hyphae and to allow the hyphae to form a network of interconnected mycelia cells through and around the discrete particles thereby bonding the discrete particles together to form a self-supporting composite material. In another embodiment, the fungus is allowed to grow as a fruiting body out of the substrate and within an enclosure to completely fill the enclosure to form a self-supporting structure.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions, devices, and methods to prevent and recover from detrimental effects of alcohol consumption, including significant undesirable symptoms of a hangover consciously felt by the alcohol consumer, as well as those that may not be consciously experienced. The present technology comprehensively targets multiple negative effects of hangovers. In one aspect, a composition includes dihydromyricetin (DHM); and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). The composition may further include Prickly Pear Extract, Milk Thistle, Ginger Root, Vitamins B, C, and E, electrolytes, and/or sugars.

Abstract: A method for artificial cultivation of Ophiocordyceps sinensis fruiting bodies. The method comprises: inoculating Ophiocordyceps sinensis into a sterile rice medium, cultivating at 9-13° C. for 40-60 days, after the medium is covered with mycelia, performing low-temperature induction at 1-8° C. for 60-80 days to develop a fruiting body primordium, and transferring the cultivation to 11-16° C. till harvest of the fruiting bodies. The method requires no low-oxygen environment, which can reduce cultivation cost; it only needs 3-4 months from induction to harvest of fruiting bodies: the rice medium for use has a low cost, which is suitable for commercial cultivation of Ophiocordyceps sinensis fruiting bodies.

Abstract: The present variety of mushroom plant named ‘HOKSY 10gokin’ was cultivated by the gathering and repeated breeding of Shiitake mushrooms having dominant traits, which has good qualitative character and appearance, a white stem of high quality, and enhanced cultivation. This edible mushroom is exquisite in stability, reproducibility and uniformity when being produced.

Abstract: Provided is a method for cultivating low potassium leafy vegetables at high yield without causing growth failure due to potassium deficiency in hydroponics. Cultivation is performed using a hydroponic solution containing a very small amount of potassium in the late cultivation period of low potassium leafy vegetables, thereby keeping the potassium content low at the time of harvest and also allowing the leafy vegetables to be stably harvested at high yield without causing potassium deficiency.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a bag packing mechanism for mushroom cultivation, which comprises two clamping seats, transport means, air duct, pumping means and push rod. Transport means supply collar. Air duct descends through the collar and extends into a bag from the opening of the bag, the two clamping seats clamp the top portion of the bag to close to the outer periphery of the air duct, the pumping means sucks the top portion, the two clamping seats open, the push rod is lowered to push down the collar to put on the top portion, the pumping means blow to open the top portion, the push rod is further lowered to fold the top portion down, the air duct and putter rise, and then complete the automation of packaging job.

Abstract: A mushroom compost leveling apparatus includes a panel with a bottom edge where the panel is vertically suspended in a mushroom compost receptacle leaving a gap between the bottom edge and the floor of the receptacle. The panel reciprocates from side to side as mushroom compost is conveyed under the panel. Optionally, the panel includes vanes extending outwardly from a first face surface, and a rake outwardly and downwardly extending from the panel at or near the bottom edge. Optionally, a pair of wheels are mounted for rotation either to the first face of the panel or to a rail of a frame to be isolated from the panel, and the wheels each include paddles that push compost toward the side edges of the mushroom compost receptacle as the wheels are rotated. Optionally, the leveling apparatus is removably attached to sleeves depending over sidewalls of the compost receptacle, and a roller assembly is removably attached to such sleeves downstream of the leveling apparatus.

Abstract: A self-supporting composite body comprising a substrate of discrete particles and a network of interconnected mycelia cells extending through and around the discrete particles and bonding the discrete particles together is characterized in being stiff and in having a density of greater than 18 pounds per cubic foot (pcf). The method of making the composite body includes compressing a mass of biocomposite material comprised of discrete particles and a network of interconnected mycelia cells in the presence of moisture into a compressed body having a density in excess of 18 pcf. Compression may take place batch wise in a press or continuously between a pair of movable endless conveyors.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the process combines a fraction (up to 15%) of a lignocellulose substrate with supplemental nutritional material and hydrates the fraction to a moisture content of from 40% to 70% by weight. The hydrated substrate fraction is heat processed to remove ambient bioburden (yeast, mold, bacteria) and to maintain the hydrated substrate fraction in an aseptic condition. Thereafter, the hydrated substrate fraction is inoculated with a fungus and incubated to obtain a myceliated substrate which is then reduced into discrete particles. The remaining fraction of the substrate is combined with water and then combined with the discrete particles of myceliated substrate and incubated to obtain a second myceliated substrate which is then reduced into discrete particles. The second myceliated substrate is combined with supplemental nutritional material and incubated to obtain a third myceliated substrate composed of at least 10% mycelium.

Abstract: A method for producing a recyclable molded product is provided. The method includes injecting a coffee ground amalgam into a mold, injecting the coffee ground amalgam with a mycelium, incubating the molded coffee ground amalgam injected with the mycelium for a period of time, and dehydrating the molded coffee ground amalgam injected with the mycelium at a set temperature.