Abstract: A golf club head having multiple structural columns is disclosed herein. A body comprises a face section, a sole section, and a crown or return section, and defines a hollow interior. Each of the structural columns extends from the crown or return section to the sole section within the hollow interior to reduce stresses placed on the face section during impact with a golf ball. The structural columns are all located within 1 inch of a rear surface of the face section measured along a plane normal to the center of the face, and are spaced a distance of 0.500 to 2.00 inch from one another within the hollow interior.

Abstract: A golf club head including a crown, a sole, a hosel, a face and a flexure. The flexure provides compliance during an impact between the golf club head and a golf ball, and is tuned to vibrate, immediately after impact, at a predetermined frequency. A slot is included in a portion of the golf club head and works with the flexure to further tune performance.

Abstract: A golf club head is described having a club head body having an external surface with a heel portion, a toe portion, a crown portion, a sole portion, and a front opening. The golf club head also includes a face insert support structure located at the front opening. The support structure includes a rear support member. The rear support member includes a support portion interior surface contour defining an apex point and an undercut distance in an undercut region within at least one major or minor plane. A non-undercut region is located in at least one major or minor plane intersecting the crown to face transition region.

Abstract: A golf club head including a crown, a sole, a hosel, a face and a flexure. The flexure provides compliance during an impact between the golf club head and a golf ball, and is tuned to vibrate, immediately after impact, at a predetermined frequency. A slot is included in a portion of the golf club head and works with the flexure to further tune performance.

Abstract: A ball striking device has a face with a striking surface and a body extending rearwardly from the outer periphery of the face. A channel extends across at least a portion of the sole, and includes a trough defined between front and rear edges and extending in a heel-toe direction. The body further includes a spacing portion that forms a generally flattened surface extending from the front edge to proximate the outer periphery of the face. The rear edge of the channel is spaced rearwardly a different distance from the outer periphery of the face at the center portion of the channel as compared to the heel portion and/or the toe portion. One or more stiffening ribs may also be provided rearwardly of the channel, to increase the stiffness of the sole.

Abstract: A ball striking device, such as a golf club, includes a head with a face having a ball-striking surface configured for striking a ball, a body connected to the face, and at least one channel in the ball-striking surface of the face. The region of highest COR response of the face is directionally enlarged toward the channel. Depending on the size, shape, and location of the channel, the face can be altered to provide greater COR response and increased energy transfer for impacts at specific locations on the face.

Abstract: A golf club head has a hollow therein and a head volume of not less than 350 cc. The head comprises a head main body and a substantially cup-shaped face member which are united with each other. The face member integrally includes a face portion having a club face for hitting a ball, and a turnback extending backwardly of the head from a peripheral edge of the club face. The inner surface of the face member is provided with a groove extending along the boundary of the turnback with the face portion. The face member is a press-formed part whose turnback is bent by press working.

Abstract: A golf club head has a hollow therein and a head volume of not less than 100 cc and less than 350 cc. The head comprises a head main body and a substantially cup-shaped face member which are united with each other. The face member integrally includes a face portion having a club face for hitting a ball, and a turnback extending backwardly of the head from a peripheral edge of the club face. The inner surface of the face member is provided with a groove extending along the boundary of the turnback with the face portion. The face member is a press-formed part whose turnback is bent by press working.

Abstract: A hollow golf club head comprises a face portion having a club face for hitting a ball, and a club face's perimeter region extending backwards from the face portion. The perimeter region is provided with at least one set of a front part extending backwards from the face portion to have a free rear end, and a rear part extending forwards to have a free front end. The front part and the rear part are overlapped with each other without being fixed to each other so that, relatively to the rear part, the front part is movable in the front-back direction of the club head when hitting a ball.

Abstract: A golf club incorporating a stress reducing feature including an aperture located on the crown or sole of the club head. The location and size of the stress reducing feature and aperture, and their relationship to one another, play a significant role in selectively improving the performance of the golf club head.

Abstract: An iron-type golf club incorporating a stress reducing feature, which may include an aperture. The location and size of the stress reducing feature and aperture selectively increase deflection of the face.

Abstract: A reinforced structure is disclosed which includes a structural component as well as a reinforcing part that is arranged in a cavity of the structural component. The reinforcing part can include a support part and a connection, the support part being arranged in the cavity such that a distance between the support part and the structural component at a position of the structural component with a higher probability of deforming under a force load from outside on the structural component is shorter than at a position of the structural component with a lower probability of deforming under a force load from the outside.

Abstract: A golf club head incorporating a stress reducing feature including at least one sole located stress reducing feature located at least partially on the sole. The location, curvature, and size of the sole stress reducing feature, and their relationship to one another, and other club head engineering variables, improve the performance of the club head.

Abstract: A golf club head including a crown, a sole, a hosel, a face and a flexure. The flexure provides compliance during an impact between the golf club head and a golf ball, and is tuned to vibrate, immediately after impact, at a predetermined frequency.

Abstract: A golf club head includes a head body that has a recess part at a front portion thereof, a face plate that is in a plate shape and arranged in the recess of the head body, a front surface of the face plate being for hitting a ball, and an elastic body that is made of an elastically deformable material and intervenes between the head body and the face plate, the elastic body being fixed to the head body and the face plate so that the face plate is slidable in the recess with respect to the head body. A hardness of the material of the elastic body is ranged between Shore A Hardness 10 and Shore D Hardness 80 (inclusive), and a front side elastic body arrangement surface of the head body to which the elastic body is fixed is not parallel to the front surface of the face plate.

Abstract: A golf club head according to the present invention includes a face portion, a sole portion, and a crown portion. The face portion has a central region, a toe region arranged on the toe side with respect to the central region in the toe-heel direction, and a heel region arranged on the heel side with respect to the central region in the toe-heel direction. The central region is formed with a higher thickness than the toe region and the heel region. The toe region and the heel region have multiple reduced-thickness portions that are arranged at intervals in the toe-heel direction and extend from the sole portion side to the crown portion side.

Abstract: A golf club providing improved golf ball launch conditions is disclosed herein. The golf club includes a face component and a sole comprising an elongated recess disposed proximate the face component. The elongated recess preferably is tube shaped, and preferably has an opening with a smaller width than an innermost surface of the elongated recess. The elongated recess may be a separate piece that is permanently affixed within an opening in the sole. Some embodiments of the golf club also comprise a cover affixed to the sole and at least partially covering the opening of the elongated recess, while other embodiments comprise a filler material disposed within the elongated recess or between the elongated recess and an internal surface of the face.

Abstract: A golf club includes a hollow head 6, a shaft 8, and a grip 10. The head 6 includes a face f6. The face f6 includes a thick portion T1. The thick portion T1 includes a thick portion center point Ec. A face height at the position of the thick portion center point Ec is defined as H1, and the height of the thick portion center point Ec is defined as H2. H2/H1 is equal to or greater than 0.55. The face f6 preferably further includes secondary thick portions T2 and T3 thinner than the thick portion T1, and thin portions T4 and T5 thinner than the secondary thick portions T2 and T3. The thick portion T1 and the secondary thick portions T2 and T3 preferably form a sloped thick portion Ts extending from the upper side of a heel to the lower side of a toe.

Abstract: A golf club head is described having a club head body having an external surface with a heel portion, a toe portion, a crown portion, a sole portion, and a front opening. The golf club head also includes a face insert support structure located at the front opening. The support structure includes a rear support member. The rear support member includes a support portion interior surface contour defining an apex point and an undercut distance in an undercut region within at least one major or minor plane. A non-undercut region is located in at least one major or minor plane intersecting the crown to face transition region.

Abstract: Golf club and golf club head structures include an inner wall or backstop arranged behind a ball striking surface of the golf club head and defining a gap between the inner wall and a rear surface of the ball striking surface. In some arrangements, the size of the gap may vary along a heel-to-toe length of the inner wall or backstop. For instance, the size of the gap may gradually increase from a first end of the inner wall toward a central region of the inner wall, and may gradually decrease from the central region toward a second end of the inner wall. In some examples, the inner wall or backstop may be connected to the golf club head, for instance, at a first end and/or a second end.

Abstract: A golf club head including a crown, a sole, a hosel, a face, and a flexure. The flexure provides compliance during an impact between the golf club head and a golf ball, and is tuned to vibrate, immediately after impact, at a predetermined frequency. In addition to the above, the golf club head in accordance with the present invention may also have flexures on or around the striking face portion to further improve performance.

Abstract: A golf club head including a crown, a sole, a hosel, a face and a flexure. The flexure provides compliance during an impact between the golf club head and a golf ball, and is tuned to vibrate, immediately after impact, at a predetermined frequency.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an iron-type golf club head having a body and at least one weight disc having a first diameter, the body having a sole with a first recess, which comprises a first bore having a second diameter, a second bore having a third diameter, and a shelf located between the first bore and the second bore, the first diameter is smaller than the second diameter and greater than the third diameter, the first bore is sized to receive the at least one weight disc, the at least one weight disc rests against the shelf, and the at least one weight disc is secured within the first bore. The sole may further comprise second, third, and fourth recesses, each of which may have a first bore, a second bore, and a shelf.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an iron-type golf club head having a body with at least one sole pocket and a cap sized to at least partially close the sole pocket. The pocket is bounded on one side by a face plate, which is only partially affixed to the body via welding, and may be completely or partially filled with the cap. The cap, which can be made of multiple materials having different densities, is located within the pocket such that one or more gaps are disposed between the cap and the sidewalls of the pocket.

Abstract: Golf club heads with slit features are described herein. Other embodiments and related methods are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: Embodiments of golf club heads and methods to manufacture such a golf club heads are generally described herein. In some embodiments, the golf club head may include a ball-striking face and a protective aluminum oxide layer coupled to the ball-striking face of the golf club head. The protective aluminum oxide layer is associated with a hardness that is greater than that of the ball-striking face. In further embodiments, golf club heads may include a top portion and at least one of a plurality of interchangeable alignment indicia coupled thereto, which are configured to guide the golf club head relative to a golf ball.

Abstract: A novel material comprising collections of prepreg plies and a variable thickness core material such as sheet molding compound or metal, methods of forming said material, and golf clubs comprising said material are disclosed herein. Golf club heads having faces made of multiple materials, including a composite layer at least partially sandwiched between two metal layers, are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: A novel material comprising collections of prepreg plies and a variable thickness core material such as sheet molding compound or metal, methods of forming said material, and golf clubs comprising said material are disclosed herein.

Abstract: A golf club head with a club head body having an external surface with a heel portion, a toe portion, a crown portion, a sole portion, and a front opening is described. A face insert support structure is located at the front opening. The support structure includes a peripheral member and a rear support member. The rear support member has a front surface and a rear surface. A face insert is attached at the front opening and closes the front opening of the body. An undercut fill structure is attached to a portion of the rear surface of the rear support member.

Abstract: An iron type golf club head includes: a main body portion having a face surface and a sole surface; a backward bulging section provided at a lower back section of the main body portion, the bulging section including: an upper surface side recess formed to extend downward from the upper surface of the backward bulging section; and a lower surface side recess formed to extend upward from the lower surface of the backward bulging section; and a hosel portion connected to the main body portion, wherein the upper surface side recess and the lower surface side recess are overlapped at least in part with each other in the perspective side view of the head when viewed from the toe side of the iron type golf club head.

Abstract: A golf club head includes a body defining an interior cavity. The body includes a sole positioned at a bottom portion of the golf head, a crown positioned at a top portion, and a skirt positioned around a periphery between the sole and crown. The body has a forward portion and a rearward portion. The club head includes a face positioned at the forward portion of the body. The face defines a striking surface having an ideal impact location at a golf club head origin. Embodiments include club heads for a fairway wood that at least one of a high moment of inertia, a low-center-of-gravity, a thin crown and a high coefficient of restitution.

Abstract: A golf club head including a club face constructed from a low modulus material for maximizing driving distance potential and a perimeter flange having a mass reducing configuration for preventing adverse influences to the center of gravity and the moment of inertia of a golf club head including the club face.

Abstract: A golf club (40) having a club head (42) with a face component (60), an aft body (61), and a sound modifying sole and crown design is disclosed herein. The face component, which may be composed of a metal material, (60) has a striking area portion (72) and a return portion (74). The aft-body (61), which may be composed of a non-metal material such as composite or thermoplastic material, is composed of a crown portion (62) and a sole portion (64). The sound modifying design, which may include deep pockets or pillars extending from the sole portion (64) to the crown portion (62), alters the sound of the golf club head (42) when it impacts a golf ball.

Abstract: A golf club head including a crown, a sole, a hosel, a face and a flexure. The face is configured to provide varying stiffness while minimizing the change in thickness across the face. The flexure provides compliance during an impact between the golf club head and a golf ball.

Abstract: Golf club-heads are disclosed that have a body and a face plate. Exemplary club-heads are hollow metal-wood club-heads. The face plate is attached to the front of the body and has obverse and reverse surfaces, and a peripheral zone, toe zone, heel zone, upper zone, lower zone, and central zone. The reverse surface defines in the central zone a recess surrounded by a substantially annular ridge. The reverse surface also defines in the toe zone and heel zone respective horizontal flanking recesses. The reverse surface also defines in the upper zone and lower zone respective vertical flanking recesses. The maximal thickness of the annular ridge is greater than the respective thicknesses of the central recess and flanking recesses, and the respective thicknesses of the flanking recesses are no greater than the thickness of the central recess.

Abstract: A golf club with a multi-material face is disclosed herein. More specifically, the golf club head in accordance with the present invention has a striking face that forms a pocket, wherein the pocket is filled with a secondary material having a lower density to improve the performance of the golf club head. The multi-material face disclosed in accordance with the present invention may generally have a characteristic time slope of greater than about 5 and less than about 50, wherein the characteristic time slope is determined based on the various data points collected according to the United States Golf Association's (USGA's) Characteristic Time (CT) test.

Abstract: A golf club head with an improved sweet spot, defined as a portion of the striking face that has at least 99.7% of the maximum ballspeed is disclosed herein. More specifically, the present invention discloses a golf club head with a significantly circular sweet spot that encompasses at least about 1.5% of the total striking face. A golf club head in accordance with the present invention may generally have a improved face geometry with an elliptical factor of greater than about 0.5, a beveled transition portion around the striking face of the golf club head, a variable face thickness region with decreases thickness, or even a tilted bulge and roll radius all helping improve the performance of the golf club head.

Abstract: A hollow golf club incorporating a stress reducing feature including at least a toe located stress reducing feature or a heel located stress reducing feature at least partially located on the skirt of the golf club head. The location and size of the stress reducing feature and their relationship to one another play a significant role in selectively increasing deflection of the face.

Abstract: A golf club having variable face to body transition is disclosed herein. More specifically, the present invention relates to a golf club head having an indented transition region that helps facilitate the transition of thickness variation from the striking face to a rear aft body. The indented transition region may be located on the crown, the skirt, or the sole, and achieves improved performance by achieving an increased thickness reduction slope.

Abstract: Golf club heads include at least one part having a side wall extending completely around the golf club head, wherein the side wall ends at an edge (a free end) that defines an open side of the part. An interior surface of this side wall has a draft angle of ?1° or more as it extends to its edge. In some club heads, the interior surface of at least one club head part will be shaped so that the interior surface does not converge as the side wall of that part extends to its edge. For some club head parts, the planar cross sectional area defined inside the interior surface of the part will either stay the same or get larger as one moves to the part edge. By avoiding or limiting features of negative draft angles, converging interior surfaces, and/or smaller cross sectional areas on interior surfaces of a part, manufacturing and tooling may be simplified.

Abstract: A ball striking device, such as a golf club, includes a head with a face having an outer surface configured for striking a ball, a body connected to the face, an elongated, inwardly recessed channel located on the body and extending across a portion of the body, and an insert mounted within the channel. The insert includes a resiliently deflectable base member that engages the channel to retain the insert within the channel and a rigid outer member connected to the base member and forming at least a portion of the outer surface of the insert, where the outer member is made from a different material than the base member. Additionally, the insert has an outer surface that is substantially flush with at least one immediately adjacent surface of the body.

Abstract: A ball striking device, such as a golf club, includes a head with a face having an outer surface configured for striking a ball, a body connected to the face, an elongated, inwardly recessed channel located on the body and extending across a portion of the body, and an insert mounted within the channel. The insert includes a resiliently deflectable base member that engages the channel to retain the insert within the channel and a rigid outer member connected to the base member and forming at least a portion of the outer surface of the insert, where the outer member is made from a different material than the base member. Additionally, the insert has an outer surface that is substantially flush with at least one immediately adjacent surface of the body.

Abstract: A hollow golf club incorporating a stress reducing feature having a shield serving to lessen the visual impact of the stress reducing feature, reduce the likelihood of debris from entering the stress reducing feature, and reduce the likelihood of damage to the stress reducing feature, while adding rigidity to a portion of the stress reducing feature and still allowing the stress reducing feature to selectively increase the deflection of the face.

Abstract: A ball striking device, such as a golf club head, includes a face having a ball striking surface configured for striking a ball and a body connected to the face and extending rearwardly from the face. The body has an impact-influencing structure in the form of a channel positioned on at least one surface of the body. A majority of a force generated by impact with a ball is absorbed by the impact-influencing structure, and a majority of a response force generated by the head upon impact with the ball is generated by the impact-influencing structure. The face may have increased stiffness as compared to existing faces, and may include a stiffening structure to create the increased stiffness, such as a porous or cellular stiffening structure.

Abstract: A club head comprising a deflection mechanism located at an interface of a front portion and a body portion. The deflection mechanism is configured so that the front surface is able to deflect toward the body portion at a top end of the club head and about a bottom end of the club head. The deflection mechanism comprises a groove located between the front surface and the crown surface. The deflection mechanism comprises at least one deflection feature that is located in the groove and comprises a step portion and a riser portion. The step portion comprises a step portion first side and a step portion second side opposite the step portion first side. The riser portion comprises a riser portion first side and a riser portion second side opposite the riser portion first side.

Abstract: A head for a ball striking device, such as a golf club head, includes a face member having a face with a striking surface configured for striking a ball and a rear surface opposite the striking surface, a weight member connected to the face member behind the rear surface of the face member, and a resilient member positioned between the weight member and the face member. The resilient member is connected to the rear surface of the face member to connect the weight member to the face member. The resilient member is compressible to permit energy and/or momentum to be transferred between the weight member and the face member through the resilient member during impact, including an off-center impact on the striking surface. Momentum transferred from the weight member to the face member during an off-center impact may reduce energy loss and twisting of the face on impact.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a golf club head comprising a body having a crown, a sole, a front wall and a hosel, wherein the body defines a hollow interior. The golf club head further comprises a center of gravity adjustment assembly wherein the center of gravity adjustment assembly is positioned within the hollow interior of the body, and allows the center of gravity of the golf club head to be adjusted by at least 0.050 inch, preferably along a vertical axis.

Abstract: A golf club head with a multi-material face is disclosed herein. The layers of the multi-material face are preferably attached to the club head using adhesive and mechanical methods.

Abstract: A golf club head including a crown, a sole, a hosel, a face and a flexure. The flexure provides compliance during an impact between the golf club head and a golf ball.

Abstract: A golf club head includes a club body including a heel portion, a sole portion, a toe portion, a top-line portion, and a face portion. In some embodiments, the face portion has an ideal striking location and at least one channel defined in the face. In some embodiments, the golf club head has a striking face and at least one channel defined in the striking face. In some embodiments, the golf club head has an ideal striking location and at least one non-ideal striking location.