Abstract: A differential with a differential action limiting mechanism includes a differential mechanism D for distributing the drive force of an internal combustion engine inputted into a differential case 28 to a left-hand axle shaft 13 and a half shaft 11 which continuously connects to a right-hand axle shaft for output therefrom and friction clutches 44L, 44R for limiting differential rotations of the left-hand axle shaft 13 and the half shaft 11 relative to the differential case 28. An actuator A for generating an engagement force for bringing the friction clutches 44L, 44R into engagement is provided outside a housing 14 for accommodating therein the differential case 28, whereby an engagement force generated by the actuator A is transmitted to the friction clutches 44L, 44R via the half shaft 11.

Abstract: A motor power train which includes a reducer for amplifying motor drive torque, a differential device with a clutch mechanism and a differential gear unit to allocate the drive torque to wheels, and a casing for housing them. The reducer includes a first shaft as an input shaft; a second shaft to which the drive torque is transmitted form the first shaft; a first reduction gear set with a first gear on the first shaft and a second gear on the second shaft; and a second reduction gear set with a third gear on the second shaft and a fourth gear provided on the clutch mechanism of the differential device. The fourth gear and a large-diameter portion of the differential gear unit are offset in axial position without overlapping.

Abstract: An improved differential lock is self-setting. A movable lock member is driven to reciprocate between two hydraulic chambers at a speed which increases when there is increasing relative movement between a shaft and differential case. As the movable lock member increases its speed, the resistance to further movement of the lock member due to the hydraulic fluid increases. Preferably, the movable lock member has a pin received in a cam groove in the shaft, and another pin received at an axial groove in the case. The movable lock member is thus constrained to rotate with the case, and is caused to reciprocate as the pin moves within the cam groove in the shaft. A fluid passage through the lock member allows fluid to move between the opposed hydraulic chambers. However, a valve closes this passage as the movable lock member increases its speed. As the passage is restricted, the hydraulic fluid resists further movement of the lock member.

Abstract: A differential mechanism includes a clutch pack disposed outside said differential case and has a first set of clutch plates splined onto one of said axle shafts and a second set of clutch plates splined onto a housing sleeve, wherein the housing sleeve circumscribes said axle shaft. A control mechanism comprising an actuator actuates the clutch pack. The housing sleeve is splined to a trunnion portion of the differential case. This device simplifies and reduces the cost of the original assembly and/or the optional mounting of a controlling or limiting device associated with a differential mechanism whose output elements are connected to coaxial wheel shafts.

Abstract: A limited slip differential includes a friction clutch mechanism, an electromagnetic coupling, and a camming mechanism disposed between the friction clutch mechanism and the electromagnetic coupling. The camming mechanism converts shearing forces within the electromagnetic coupling to an axial force applied to engage the clutch mechanism. The camming mechanism includes annular discs having axially inclined ramps, and a roller bearing for movement along the ramps to provide for variable spacing between the annular discs, wherein increased spacing is used to apply the axial force.

Abstract: A differential gear that can switch from differential movement state to limited differential movement has: a pair of pressure rings 12 in a differential case 11 able to move in the direction of the axles but unable to rotate relatively; clutches 16 on opposite sides of the pressure rings 12 that limit differential movement between the left and right axles 1 by limiting the relative rotation of the differential case 11 and side gears 15; the pressure rings 12 are urged so as to decrease the clearance 17 between the pressure rings 12 but the clearance is increased by relative rotation torque between the pinion shaft 13 and differential case 11 in a differential state.

Abstract: An inter-axle differential capable of preventing a skid to achieve stable travel is provided. For this purpose, the inter-axle differential apparatus includes an inter-axle differential (13), an inter-axle differential lock (21), at least one rotation detector of a first rotation detector (27) for detecting rotational frequency of a transmission output shaft (24), a second rotation detector (28) for detecting rotational frequency of a front output shaft (25) of the inter-axle differential, and a third rotation detector (29) for detecting rotational frequency of a rear output shaft (26) of the inter-axle differential, and a controller (20) for detecting a sign of a skid occurring to driving wheels (2, 4) based on at least any one of the rotational frequency detected by the rotational detector and a rate of change with time of the detected rotational frequency and for outputting a differential lock signal to the inter-axle differential lock.

Abstract: An axle disconnect device for use in an all wheel drive vehicle. The axle disconnect device includes a one-way overrunning clutch and a spring contacting the clutch. A spline locking ring contacts the spring on an end opposite of the clutch. A friction dog spline engages the surface of the spline locking ring while a differential ramp ring contacts the friction dog spline. The axle disconnect device also includes a cover ramp engaging the differential ramp ring.

Abstract: An electronically controlled locking differential assembly including a friction clutch assembly provided within a differential case for selectively restricting differential action. The friction clutch assembly is actuated by a selectively controllable actuator including an electrical motor externally mounted to an axle housing, a reduction gearing and a drive screw adapted to axially displace a pusher block when the drive motor is actuated. The pusher block is integrally secured to a clutch actuating sleeve adapted to slide within a differential case trunnion coaxially to the side gear. The actuating sleeve is provided to apply a clutch loading force to an actuator plate. When the drive motor is actuated by a signal from a control unit, the rotary motion of the drive screw is transmitted to the actuator plate via the pusher block and the actuating sleeve, thereby actuating the friction clutch assembly and locking the differential.

Abstract: An enclosed axle differential lock is provided which includes an axle carrier assembly within which is a bearing having a bearing cap. A differential housing rotates, supported by the bearing, with a pinion gear and a side gear each rotating in the differential housing and meshing together. An axle is driven by the side gear. A clutch may be used to lock the differential housing and the axle together. The clutch includes a first clutch element fixed to the differential housing and a second clutch element splined on the axle and axially movable thereon, the second clutch element having a first disengaged position in which the first clutch element and the second clutch element are substantially disconnected, and a second engaged position in which the first clutch element and the second clutch element are substantially drivingly connected. An actuator is integrally disposed in the bearing cap which urges the second clutch element from the first disengaged position to the second engaged position.

Abstract: A driving force transmitting device for a vehicle includes a drive mode-shifting mechanism which is disposed in the final drive gear-set of a vehicle. The drive mode-shifting mechanism includes a first rotating member, a second rotating member, a third rotating member, and a movable member. The movable member is movable between a first position in which the first and second rotating members are disconnected to effect the two-wheel-drive mode, a second position in which the first and second rotating members are connected to effect differential-free four-wheel-drive mode, and a third position in which the second and third rotating members are connected to effect the differential-lock four-wheel-drive mode.

Abstract: A limited slip differential for vehicular applications that eliminates chattering noise from the differential while maintaining seal integrity. This is accomplished by the use of a differential casing that includes at least a pair of fluid seals isolating a first chamber for bathing the respective differential components in a fluid lubricant appropriate to the contained components. A fluid lubricant, such as one containing a friction modifier is particularly suitable for the array of friction plates and pads of a disk pack, but can be detrimental to sealing elements, such as about the pinion gear. The separate chambers allows for the use of different fluid lubricants.

Abstract: A limited slip differential includes a friction clutch mechanism, an electromagnetic coupling, and a camming mechanism disposed between the friction clutch mechanism and the electromagnetic coupling. The camming mechanism converts shearing forces within the electromagnetic coupling to an axial force applied to engage the clutch mechanism. The camming mechanism includes annular discs having axially inclined ramps, and a roller bearing for movement along the ramps to provide for variable spacing between the annular discs, wherein increased spacing is used to apply the axial force.

Abstract: A differential gear mechanism includes a rotatable case driven by torque from an engine, a differential gear set housed in the case for differential distribution of the torque to a pair of output axes, comprising a first clutch, an annular plunger movable in a direction of the rotation axis and an annular electromagnetic actuator for actuation of the plunger in the direction of the rotation axis. The case further comprises a second clutch being slidable in the direction of the rotation axis and the second clutch is actuated by the plunger so as to be engaged with the first clutch.

Abstract: A locked differential for motor vehicles including, for each of oppositely positioned axles for wheels of a vehicle, an axle coupler, and a driver, each being co-axially aligned with a respective axle, a plurality of teeth on each respective axle, a plurality of teeth on respective mutually facing faces of each respective coupler and driver for effecting an interlocking drive coupling therebetween, a transverse driving shaft extending between the respective drivers and arranged to effect rotation drive against the respective drivers, a resilient device extending between the drivers to urge these apart and toward an interlocking engagement with their respective couplers, and a device providing a camming interrelationship between the respective drivers such that, with relative rotation between the two drivers, the effect, at least as a result from one respective relative direction, will result in the two drivers being urged toward each other against the opposite pressure of the resilient device so as to release

Abstract: An electronically controlled axle assembly having an electronically controllable valve secured to the differential case to control pressure within a hydraulically actuated clutch pack there within. The clutch pack operates to selectively couple a pair of shafts.

Abstract: A dual ball ramp actuator having a control ring acting with a pressure plates to supply an axial clutch clamping force to a differential clutch assembly where the ball ramp paths follow overlapping eccentric grooves that can be actuated in both the forward and reverse directions. The dual ramp feature doubles the effectiveness and sensitivity when compared to a single ramp system. The overlapping eccentric ball ramps increase (effectively double) the angular travel distance while reducing the ramp angle (in half). The forward and reverse feature provides clutch actuation in both the forward and reverse directions. The dual ramp, 3-piece sandwich construction permits the central control ring to roll up on two sets of balls on each side. This structure doubles the axial travel available to compress a disc pack and lock up the differential with the same ball ramp angle when compared to a single ramp system involving only two ramp plates.

Abstract: A differential device for 4WD vehicles having a reduced size and capable of being produced at lower costs makes it possible to select between a 2WD state, a differential-free 4WD state, and a differential-locked 4WD state. The differential device includes a differential case, a side gear, a hub, and a switching mechanism which establishes and interrupts a connection between each of the differential case, the side gear, and the hub. The switching mechanism includes, among other possible features, a first sleeve, a second sleeve which is separate from the first sleeve, and a pin. A sole actuator moves the second sleeve between first, second and third positions to establish the 2WD state, the differential-free 4WD state, and the differential-locked 4WD state.

Abstract: A method of controlling torque transfer from a torque input source to an outlet source in which an electronically controllable magnetorheological fluid-based torque limiting device is coupled to either a differential pinion gear, a side gear, both the differential pinion gear and side gear, or both side gears of a differential assembly. By introducing current through electronically controllable magnetorheological fluid-based torque-limiting device during a turning or spin-out condition, and thereby increasing the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid within the torque limiting device, the amount of torque that is transferred to the output source through the differential assembly can be controlled.

Abstract: Differential gears are provided with which adequate differential motion limiting action is obtained even under heavy loading, and which is capable of appropriately switching between a differential motion condition and a differential motion limiting condition.

Abstract: A driving force transmitting device for a vehicle includes a drive mode-shifting mechanism which is disposed in the final drive gear-set of a vehicle. The drive mode-shifting mechanism includes a first rotating member, a second rotating member, a third rotating member, and a movable member. The movable member is movable between a first position in which the first and second rotating members are disconnected to effect the two-wheel-drive mode, a second position in which the first and second rotating members are connected to effect differential-free four-wheel-drive mode, and a third position in which the second and third rotating members are connected to effect the differential-lock four-wheel-drive mode.

Abstract: An axle assembly including a housing in which is mounted a transmission, axle shafts and a differential assembly including drive gears engaged to the axle shaft and at least one planet gear mounted on a shaft and engaged to the drive gears. The differential assembly includes a friction member on the shaft for engaging the planet gear.

Abstract: A method of controlling torque transfer from a torque input source to an outlet source in which an electronically controllable magnetorheological fluid-based torque limiting device is coupled to either a differential pinion gear, a side gear, both the differential pinion gear and side gear, or both side gears of a differential assembly. By introducing current through electronically controllable magnetorheological fluid-based torque-limiting device during a turning or spin-out condition, and thereby increasing the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid within the torque limiting device, the amount of torque that is transferred to the output source through the differential assembly can be controlled.

Abstract: A differential case has therein a bevel gear type differential mechanism, difference limiting main and pilot clutches, and a cam mechanism for increasing engagement force of the pilot clutch to be transmitted via a transmission member for actuation of the main clutch. Vehicular axles inserted in the differential cases are connected to torque-outputting side gears with circlips for removal prevention thereof and a thrust block to fill a space therebetween. The circlips and the thrust block are applied from the outside through apertures formed in the differential case and the transmission member.

Abstract: A locking assembly for a differential of a motor vehicle, wherein corresponding drive axle shafts of the motor vehicle may be selectively positioned between a locked and an unlocked position by activation of a positioning assembly which is preferably, but not exclusively, a manual shifter mechanism. In the locked position, the differential locking assembly serves to interlock the corresponding axle shafts, such that the drive wheels associated therewith rotate in a synchronous manner, rather than relative to one another at different speeds. A locking gear assembly comprises a first locking gear, formed on one side gear of the differential and a second locking gear, formed on a locking member, wherein manipulation of the positioning assembly selectively positions the first and second locking gears into and out of intermeshing engagement with one another.

Abstract: A limited slip differential includes a friction clutch mechanism, an electromagnetic coupling, and a camming mechanism disposed between the friction clutch mechanism and the electromagnetic coupling. The camming mechanism converts shearing forces within the electromagnetic coupling to an axial force applied to engage the clutch mechanism. The camming mechanism includes annular discs having axially inclined ramps, and a roller bearing for movement along the ramps to provide for variable spacing between the annular discs, wherein increased spacing is used to apply the axial force.

Abstract: A wheel differential having an improved differential lock assembly is provided. The differential includes a differential housing and a differential cage rotatably supported on the differential housing by a set of bearings. The differential also includes a clutch assembly having a first member fixed to the differential cage and a second member configured to receive an axle half shaft extending from the differential cage for rotation with the axle half shaft. Finally, the differential includes an improved differential lock assembly that selectively shifts the first and second clutch members into engagement to prevent relative rotation between the differential cage and axle half shaft. The lock assembly includes a shift chamber that is supported on an outer race member of the set of bearings. The shift chamber may be formed within a bearing cap that is coupled to the differential housing and disposed about at least a portion of the bearing set.

Abstract: A differential gear provided for differentially connecting a pair of axles. A pair of side bevel gears are fixed onto the respective axles. A bevel pinion engages with both the side bevel gears. A pinion shaft rotatably supports the bevel pinion therearound while the pinion shaft is applying a certain brake force onto the bevel pinion. An input gear is provided with a through hole, in which the pinion shaft is disposed. A lock member is provided for selectively bringing one of the side bevel gears into non-relatively rotatable connection with the input gear.

Abstract: An outer rotational member has an inner wall surface and an outer wall surface. An inner rotational member is arranged inside the outer rotational member. Friction-clutch means is provided between the inner rotational member and the outer rotational member and is fastened by a thrust force. An oil lubricates at least the friction-clutch means. An oil space intervenes between the inner rotational member and the outer rotational member. Seal means seals the oil in the oil space. A first oil reservoir is recessed on the inner wall surface of the outer rotational member toward a side of the outer wall surface side.

Abstract: A differential gear assembly has a friction clutch for variably restricting differential action. A simple hydraulic piston mechanism is used to amplify the axial force generated by the electric coil and mechanical ball ramp mechanism. The hydraulic system consists of an annular primary piston in contact with the clutch pack, and a multiple set of secondary pistons are attached to the unrestrained ball ramp race. Hydraulic fluid fills the cavity between the primary and secondary pistons. This system provides force multiplication proportional to the surface areas of the respective piston faces.

Abstract: A differential assembly having a limited slip device with a mechanism to adjust the preload of a clutch pack. The differential assembly includes a differential case with pinion and side gears disposed therein. The clutch pack is disposed between at least one of the side gears and the differential case to retard relative rotation there between. An adjustment collar is disposed between the clutch pack and the differential case to adjust the preload of the clutch pack. Elongated slots are formed through the differential case to provide external access to spanner slots formed in the adjustment collar. A tool may be inserted through the elongated slots to engage the spanner slots and selectively rotate the adjustment collar to adjust the preload.

Abstract: A novel arrangement of an electronically controlled limited slip differential assembly including a friction clutch assembly provided within a differential case for selectively restricting differential action. The friction clutch assembly is contained between a separation plate fixed to the differential case and axially spaced from a side gear, and a thrust collar splined to one of axle shafts and movable in axial direction in order to actuate the friction clutch assembly. The friction clutch assembly includes alternating inner friction plates splined to the thrust collar, and outer friction plates non-rotatably coupled to the differential case. The friction clutch assembly is actuated by a selectively controllable actuator including an electrical motor, a reduction gearing and a ball-and-ramp actuator adapted to axially displace the thrust collar in response to rotation of the electrical motor. The differential assembly provides both limited slip and open differential capabilities.

Abstract: A locking differential including a differential carrier or housing 1 closed by a flange cap 2 engaging locking gear 2A, the housing 1 and flange cap 2 supporting side gears 10 and 11 which mesh with pinion gears 12 supported by cross shafts 8 and 9, the cross shafts engaging mounting holes in the housing 1, each pinion gear having an even number of teeth, and each side gear having a number of teeth which is a multiple of two where two pinions are at 180° to each other, three where three pinion gears are at 120° to each other, four where three or four pinion gears are at 90° to each other, or five where five pinions are at 72° to each other, the locking means further including a clutch gear 5 which slidably engages the locking gear 2A and the teeth on side gear 10 in the locked position, the cross shafts 8 and 9 being in a fixed relationship to the locking gear 2A.

Abstract: A limited slip differential assembly 100. The differential assembly 100 includes first and second housing portions 104, 106 which are formed by use of a flow-forming or spin-forming process and which respectively include an integrally formed splined inner surface 154, 156. The integrally formed splined inner surfaces 154, 156 are used to mate with clutch plates 146 which cooperate with clutch plates 144 to form clutch packs 150, 152. The novel splined engagement of clutch plates 146 and surfaces 154 and 156 provide improved durability, stiffness and torque capacity relative to prior designs.

Abstract: A differential drive that includes a rotatably driven differential housing supported in a housing. The differential drive further includes a differential gear set arranged and supported in the differential housing. The differential drive also includes a torque distribution device adjacent to a differential gear set. The torque distribution device connects a differential side shaft gear with one side shaft. The torque distribution device is arranged to control the torque between a front axle and a rear axle of a motor vehicle.

Abstract: An over-running clutch assembly comprises an outer race having a cylindrical inner surface and an inner race having a cammed outer surface coaxial with the cylindrical inner surface and defining a gap therebetween and a roller clutch disposed within the gap; a biasing element to bias the roller clutch to a disengaged position; and an actuator to selectively overcome the biasing element to engage the roller clutch and lock the outer race and inner race and prevent relative rotation between the outer race and inner race.

Abstract: The present invention provides a differential gear that can switch properly from a differential movement state to a limited differential movement state.

Abstract: A differential drive that includes a rotatably driven differential housing supported in a housing. The differential drive further includes a differential gear set arranged and supported in the differential housing. The differential drive also includes a torque distribution device adjacent to a differential gear set. The torque distribution device connects a differential side shaft gear with one side shaft. The torque distribution device is arranged to control the torque between a front axle and a rear axle of a motor vehicle.

Abstract: A compact braking assembly in an axle for an industrial vehicle comprising, within an internal body (10) which extends in an arm (18), supported in a rotatable manner (in 16, 17) a casing (14) of a differential (15) provided with a first set of disks (20, 21), with a second set of disks (46, 47) also positioned between the casing (14) and said arm (18) of the axle, with a piston (41) acting on the first set of disks (20, 21), operated by a fluid fed from a respective duct (43), which axially moves a ring (44), distributor of an operating force of the piston (41), in which the piston (41) successively positions the first set of disks (20, 21) in a pack acting as a differential lock, subsequently positioning the second set of disks (46, 47) in a pack acting as a service brake thanks to the presence of a pre-established preloaded elastic element (24).

Abstract: A differential drive that includes a rotatably driven differential housing supported in a housing. The differential drive further includes a differential gear set arranged and supported in the differential housing. The differential drive also includes a torque distribution device adjacent to a differential gear set. The torque distribution device connects a differential side shaft gear with one side shaft. The torque distribution device is arranged to control the torque between a front axle and a rear axle of a motor vehicle.

Abstract: Limited slip motor vehicle differential assemblies having a suitable high-shear strength, non-hardening, material which selectively resists slip or differentiation between the axle shafts and the differential housing, between the differential side gears and the differential housing, and/or between the differential side gears and the differential pinion gears when slip or differentiation occurs between two motor vehicle wheels mounted on the same axle. Such an arrangement provides some level of torque to each motor vehicle wheel at all times. The amount of resistance to slip or differentiation between the two motor vehicle wheels can be adjusted as desired by selecting an appropriate high-shear strength, non-hardening, material to provide the desired level of resistance to slip or differentiation between the two motor vehicle wheels in the motor vehicle differential assembly.

Abstract: A removable support of motor vehicle differential side gear that facilitates machining which is added after the internal features of a two-piece motor vehicle differential case have been machined to position and support a motor vehicle differential side gear in the two-piece motor vehicle differential case and preclude gear movement therein. The removable motor vehicle differential side gear support is preferably fabricated from a structurally sound material, such as steel, and has a configuration similar to a washer. The removable motor vehicle side gear support is preferably removably secured to the two-piece motor vehicle differential case by, for example, mechanical fasteners, such a plurality of threaded bolts which pass through a corresponding plurality of clearance openings in the removable motor vehicle side gear support and are received in and secured in a corresponding plurality of internally threaded openings in the two-piece motor vehicle differential case.

Abstract: A differential gear provided for differentially connecting a pair of axles. A pair of side bevel gears are fixed onto the respective axles. A bevel pinion engages with both the side bevel gears. A pinion shaft rotatably supports the bevel pinion therearound while the pinion shaft is applying a certain brake force onto the bevel pinion. An input gear is provided with a through hole, in which the pinion shaft is disposed. A lock member is provided for selectively bringing one of the side bevel gears into non-relatively rotatable connection with the input gear.

Abstract: A limited slip differential assembly comprising a differential case and two side gears rotatably supported within the differential case. Each of the side gears provided with a pre-loaded clutch pack mounted on a hub portion of the side gear. A lock ring is permanently pressed on the hub portion of the side gear adjacent the clutch pack for retaining the clutch pack in a predetermined pre-loaded condition, thus forming a side gear/clutch pack assembly which may be pre-assembled as a pre-loaded self-contained module before the various components of the differential assembly are assembled in the differential case.

Abstract: A differential assembly including a casing which rotates about a first axis, the casing having an internal cavity; an elongate cylindrical cross pin which rotates with the casing about the first axis, the cross pin extending along a second axis through the cavity, the second axis substantially perpendicular to the first axis; at least one pinion gear disposed within the cavity and about the cross pin, the pinion gear rotatable about the second axis; and a pair of side gears disposed within the cavity and in meshed engagement with the pinion gear, the side gears rotatable about the first axis. A cross pin retention element is disposed about the cross pin. The cross pin and the retention element are fixed against substantial relative movement therebetween along the second axis, and the retention element is disposed adjacent the pinion gear. The movement of the retention element relative to the casing along the second axis is restricted, whereby the cross pin is retained in the casing.

Abstract: A limited slip differential for use with an automotive vehicle comprising differential gearing including a pair of differential side gears, one side gear being connected to each of two axle shafts for vehicle traction wheels, a differential carrier housing supporting differential pinions engageable with the side gears, the differential carrier being connected drivably through a drive shaft to the vehicle engine, first and second clutches connecting the differential carrier with each side gear, a mechanical cam mechanism for transferring a clutch-engaging force from the carrier to each of the clutches, thereby establishing a mechanical torque bias in the differential mechanism, and a clutch spring acting on each clutch to partially engage the clutches whereby the clutch-engaging force increases as a function of engine throttle position at a first rate for low engine throttle settings and at a higher rate for advanced engine throttle settings.

Abstract: A differential apparatus for transmitting a driving force from a pinion gear supported on an input shaft to a pair of axle output shafts includes a differential case, a ring gear, and a spider gear assembly. The differential case is made from a single piece and includes a longitudinally extending central bore that defines a longitudinal axis. The differential case includes a plurality of longitudinal slots extending along an inner surface of the central bore. A ring gear is supported by the differential casing and is rotatable about the longitudinal axis by the pinion gear connected to the input shaft. The ring gear is preferably welded to the differential casing. The differential apparatus also includes a spider member that has a central body portion with a plurality of legs extending radially outwardly from the body portion. A spider gear is supported on each of the legs. The differential case can be used with either a standard differential or a limited slip differential.

Abstract: An improved differential incorporates gear teeth profiles which result in a force on the differential pinion gears directed radially inwardly. Thus, the gears are forced onto the differential spider, and need not be supported in the differential case. The invention thus allows the elimination of the differential case.

Abstract: A flow control valve for regulating the flow across an orifice to eliminate the effects of viscosity changes throughout a range of temperatures for the hydraulic fluid. The valve includes a base with an orifice and a slide valve element that registers with the orifice and that is movable by a double, helix-wound, bimetallic spring. The bimetallic spring extends linearly in the direction of motion of the slide valve element so that its effective length will change a predictable amount for a given temperature change, thereby progressively changing the size of the orifice as the spring moves the slide valve element to which it is connected.

Abstract: The present invention aims at realizing with a simple structure a differential gear capable of arbitrarily producing a difference in speed of rotation between output side rotary members. When a difference in speed of rotation occurs between drive shafts 3 and 4, if clutches 12 and 17 are disconnected, a first input side sun gear 8 and a first output side sun gear 9 are allowed to rotate at arbitrary speed ratios independently of each other due to the rotation and the revolution of first planetary gears 10, besides a second input side sun gear 13 and a second output side sun gear 14 are allowed to rotate at arbitrary speed ratios independently of each other due to the rotation and the revolution of second planetary gears 15. When the first clutch 12 for example is brought into connection, the revolution of the first planetary gears 10 is controlled.