Coal, Oil And Water Patents (Class 48/200)
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Patent number: 4078989Abstract: A process for the conversion of carbonaceous materials such as coal, tar sands or the like to clean liquid and gaseous fuels.Type: GrantFiled: May 11, 1976Date of Patent: March 14, 1978Assignee: Leas Brothers Development CorporationInventor: Arnold Marcel Leas
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Patent number: 4056483Abstract: In the production of a synthesis gas comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen, by a process comprising gasifying a solid fuel under a pressure of about 5-150 bars by a treatment with oxygen and water vapor to produce a water vapor-containing raw gas at a temperature of about 350.degree.-700.degree. C, the improvement which comprises further reacting the water vapor-containing raw gas under a pressure of about 5-150 bars with oxygen in a succeeding reactor to produce an intermediate product gas which leaves the reactor at a temperature between about 800.degree. C and 1400.degree. C, cooling the intermediate product gas, and freeing the intermediate product gas from sulfur compounds. A dust fuel and/or liquid hydrocarbon can be added to the raw gas as such or after prereaction with oxygen, the addition advantageously taking place in the succeeding reactor.Type: GrantFiled: July 12, 1976Date of Patent: November 1, 1977Assignees: Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft, Ruhrgas AktiengesellschaftInventors: Gerhard Baron, Herbert Bierbach, Carl Hafke, Gunter Pockrandt
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Patent number: 4007019Abstract: An improved continuous partial oxidation process for producing clean synthesis or fuel gas and by-product steam from a hydrocarbonaceous fuel feed is disclosed wherein hot gases from the process are simultaneously cooled and cleaned by direct contact with hydrocarbon oil. Thus, the effluent gas stream from the reaction zone of the gas generator is cooled and cleaned by discharging the gas stream directly into a relatively large body of hot liquid hydrocarbon immersion fluid. For example, the immersion fluid may be a dispersion of liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel such as petroleum oil and particulate carbon which is contained in a separate immersion vessel. A portion of the hot immersion fluid is continuously removed from the immersion vessel and cooled to a temperature in the range of about 300.degree. to 850.degree. F. but above the dew point of the water in the process gas stream in an external heat exchanger, such as a steam generator. High pressure by-product steam may be produced thereby.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 1975Date of Patent: February 8, 1977Assignee: Texaco Inc.Inventors: William L. Slater, George N. Richter, William B. Crouch, Lawrence E. Estabrook
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Patent number: 4007018Abstract: An improved continuous partial oxidation process for producing clean synthesis or fuel gas from a hydrocarbonaceous fuel feed is disclosed wherein hot gases from the process are simultaneously cooled and cleaned by direct contact with hydrocarbon oil. Thus, the effluent gas stream from the reaction zone of the gas generator is cooled and cleaned by discharging the gas stream directly into a relatively large body of hot liquid hydrocarbon immersion fluid. For example, the immersion fluid may be a dispserion of liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel such as petroleum oil and particulate carbon which is contained in a separate immersion vessel. A portion of the immersion fluid is continuously removed from the immersion vessel and is cooled in an external cooler to a temperature in the range of about 300 to 850.degree. F but above the dew point of the water in the process gas stream.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 1975Date of Patent: February 8, 1977Assignee: Texaco Inc.Inventors: William L. Slater, George N. Richter, William B. Crouch, Lawrence E. Estabrook
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Patent number: 4007017Abstract: An improved continuous partial oxidation process for producing clean synthesis or fuel gas from a hydrocarbonaceous fuel feed is disclosed wherein the effluent gas stream from the reaction zone of the gas generator is simultaneously cooled and cleaned by first discharging the gas stream directly into a relatively large body of hot liquid hydrocarbon immersion fluid contained in an immersion vessel, and second by scrubbing with by-product water obtained subsequently in the process in a nozzle scrubber. The process gas stream is optionally cooled and passed into a gas-liquid separator where any condensed by-product noxious water and any C.sub.5 -C.sub.10 liquid hydrocarbons are separated from each other and from the clean product gas stream. By-product noxious water is disposed of without polluting the environment by recycling a portion of it to the gas generator as the temperature moderator.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 1975Date of Patent: February 8, 1977Inventors: William L. Slater, George N. Richter, William B. Crouch, Lawrence E. Estabrook
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Patent number: 3998606Abstract: In a method and apparatus for manufacturing reducing gas by utilizing a slag-tap type furnace wherein a solid carbonaceous substance such as coal and coke is charged into the furnace through the top thereof, steam and oxygen or oxygen-rich air are blown into the furnace through a tuyere at the hearth, the gas produced is discharged from the furnace top and the ash components of the ash substance are discharged from the furnace bottom as a molten slag, a liquefied high calorie substance such as heavy oil, asphalt and plastics is blown into a region of the furnace in which the solid carbonaceous substance is heated to a temperature of from 600.degree. to 1200.degree. C. thus increasing the heat quantity of the gas produced. The efficiency of the furnace can be improved by separating low temperature volatile substances from the gas produced and admitting the separated low temperature volatile substances into the furnace together with steam and oxygen or oxygen-rich air.Type: GrantFiled: April 19, 1974Date of Patent: December 21, 1976Assignee: Nippon Kokan Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Tsuneo Miyashita, Shoichiro Ohzeki, Toshio Nayuki
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Patent number: 3998609Abstract: Production of a gas suitable for use as a fuel or for conversion into a fuel and simultaneous production of a gas saturated with steam suitable for use as feed to a shift conversion zone.Type: GrantFiled: October 1, 1975Date of Patent: December 21, 1976Assignee: Texaco Inc.Inventors: William B. Crouch, William L. Slater, Warren G. Schlinger
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Patent number: 3972690Abstract: A process for the gasification of oil containing finely dispersed solids, e.g., oil from tar sands, by partial combustion in a hollow reactor is disclosed in which process the gaseous oxidant is introduced into the reactor under flow conditions characterized by a relatively large axial velocity component as compared with the tangential flow component resulting in a relatively long flame.Type: GrantFiled: August 27, 1975Date of Patent: August 3, 1976Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: George VAN Os
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Patent number: 3963457Abstract: An improvement in the Koppers-Totzek coal gasification system comprises the step of adding cool and clean recycle gas to the product gas as it leaves the gasifier unit, thereby eliminating the use of water sprays to quench the product gas.Type: GrantFiled: November 8, 1974Date of Patent: June 15, 1976Assignee: Koppers Company, Inc.Inventor: Martin Hess
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Patent number: 3951617Abstract: Production of clean fuel gas having a high heating value by means of two interconnected free-flow noncatalytic partial oxidation gas generators. All of the particulate carbon produced in the effluent gas stream from both generators is recovered and burned as a portion of the feedstock in gas generator two to maximize the methane yield in gas generator one. At least a portion of the cooled and cleaned effluent gas from gas generator 2 is recycled to gas generator 1 as the temperature moderator. The cooled, cleaned, and purified effluent gas stream from gas generator one has a minimum heating value of 400 BTU/SCF and a minimum methane content of 5.0 mole % (dry basis).Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 1974Date of Patent: April 20, 1976Assignee: Texaco Inc.Inventor: William B. Crouch
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Patent number: 3945942Abstract: A partial oxidation burner and process for the manufacture of synthesis gas, reducing gas and other gas mixtures substantially comprising H.sub.2 and CO. A hydrocarbon, oxygen-rich gas and, optionally, H.sub.2 O or some other temperature moderator are introduced into the reaction zone of a synthesis gas generator in which, by partial oxidation at an autogenous temperature in the range of about 1700.degree. to 3500.degree.F. and a pressure in the range of about 1 to 250 atmospheres, said synthesis, fuel, or reducing gas is produced. For example, a hydrocarbon is introduced into the reaction zone by way of the inner assembly of a novel multitube burner, and a mixture of oxygen-rich gas and steam is passed through a coaxial conduit disposed about the outside of said inner assembly. Said inner assembly comprises a central conduit of circular cross-section, having a plurality of parallel open-ended tubes extending downstream from the exit end of said central conduit and in communication therewith.Type: GrantFiled: October 30, 1972Date of Patent: March 23, 1976Assignee: Texaco Development CorporationInventors: Charles P. Marion, Blake Reynolds