Coal, Oil And Water Patents (Class 48/200)
  • Patent number: 4078989
    Abstract: A process for the conversion of carbonaceous materials such as coal, tar sands or the like to clean liquid and gaseous fuels.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 11, 1976
    Date of Patent: March 14, 1978
    Assignee: Leas Brothers Development Corporation
    Inventor: Arnold Marcel Leas
  • Patent number: 4056483
    Abstract: In the production of a synthesis gas comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen, by a process comprising gasifying a solid fuel under a pressure of about 5-150 bars by a treatment with oxygen and water vapor to produce a water vapor-containing raw gas at a temperature of about 350.degree.-700.degree. C, the improvement which comprises further reacting the water vapor-containing raw gas under a pressure of about 5-150 bars with oxygen in a succeeding reactor to produce an intermediate product gas which leaves the reactor at a temperature between about 800.degree. C and 1400.degree. C, cooling the intermediate product gas, and freeing the intermediate product gas from sulfur compounds. A dust fuel and/or liquid hydrocarbon can be added to the raw gas as such or after prereaction with oxygen, the addition advantageously taking place in the succeeding reactor.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 12, 1976
    Date of Patent: November 1, 1977
    Assignees: Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft, Ruhrgas Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Gerhard Baron, Herbert Bierbach, Carl Hafke, Gunter Pockrandt
  • Patent number: 4007019
    Abstract: An improved continuous partial oxidation process for producing clean synthesis or fuel gas and by-product steam from a hydrocarbonaceous fuel feed is disclosed wherein hot gases from the process are simultaneously cooled and cleaned by direct contact with hydrocarbon oil. Thus, the effluent gas stream from the reaction zone of the gas generator is cooled and cleaned by discharging the gas stream directly into a relatively large body of hot liquid hydrocarbon immersion fluid. For example, the immersion fluid may be a dispersion of liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel such as petroleum oil and particulate carbon which is contained in a separate immersion vessel. A portion of the hot immersion fluid is continuously removed from the immersion vessel and cooled to a temperature in the range of about 300.degree. to 850.degree. F. but above the dew point of the water in the process gas stream in an external heat exchanger, such as a steam generator. High pressure by-product steam may be produced thereby.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 22, 1975
    Date of Patent: February 8, 1977
    Assignee: Texaco Inc.
    Inventors: William L. Slater, George N. Richter, William B. Crouch, Lawrence E. Estabrook
  • Patent number: 4007018
    Abstract: An improved continuous partial oxidation process for producing clean synthesis or fuel gas from a hydrocarbonaceous fuel feed is disclosed wherein hot gases from the process are simultaneously cooled and cleaned by direct contact with hydrocarbon oil. Thus, the effluent gas stream from the reaction zone of the gas generator is cooled and cleaned by discharging the gas stream directly into a relatively large body of hot liquid hydrocarbon immersion fluid. For example, the immersion fluid may be a dispserion of liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel such as petroleum oil and particulate carbon which is contained in a separate immersion vessel. A portion of the immersion fluid is continuously removed from the immersion vessel and is cooled in an external cooler to a temperature in the range of about 300 to 850.degree. F but above the dew point of the water in the process gas stream.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 22, 1975
    Date of Patent: February 8, 1977
    Assignee: Texaco Inc.
    Inventors: William L. Slater, George N. Richter, William B. Crouch, Lawrence E. Estabrook
  • Patent number: 4007017
    Abstract: An improved continuous partial oxidation process for producing clean synthesis or fuel gas from a hydrocarbonaceous fuel feed is disclosed wherein the effluent gas stream from the reaction zone of the gas generator is simultaneously cooled and cleaned by first discharging the gas stream directly into a relatively large body of hot liquid hydrocarbon immersion fluid contained in an immersion vessel, and second by scrubbing with by-product water obtained subsequently in the process in a nozzle scrubber. The process gas stream is optionally cooled and passed into a gas-liquid separator where any condensed by-product noxious water and any C.sub.5 -C.sub.10 liquid hydrocarbons are separated from each other and from the clean product gas stream. By-product noxious water is disposed of without polluting the environment by recycling a portion of it to the gas generator as the temperature moderator.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 22, 1975
    Date of Patent: February 8, 1977
    Inventors: William L. Slater, George N. Richter, William B. Crouch, Lawrence E. Estabrook
  • Patent number: 3998606
    Abstract: In a method and apparatus for manufacturing reducing gas by utilizing a slag-tap type furnace wherein a solid carbonaceous substance such as coal and coke is charged into the furnace through the top thereof, steam and oxygen or oxygen-rich air are blown into the furnace through a tuyere at the hearth, the gas produced is discharged from the furnace top and the ash components of the ash substance are discharged from the furnace bottom as a molten slag, a liquefied high calorie substance such as heavy oil, asphalt and plastics is blown into a region of the furnace in which the solid carbonaceous substance is heated to a temperature of from 600.degree. to 1200.degree. C. thus increasing the heat quantity of the gas produced. The efficiency of the furnace can be improved by separating low temperature volatile substances from the gas produced and admitting the separated low temperature volatile substances into the furnace together with steam and oxygen or oxygen-rich air.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 19, 1974
    Date of Patent: December 21, 1976
    Assignee: Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha
    Inventors: Tsuneo Miyashita, Shoichiro Ohzeki, Toshio Nayuki
  • Patent number: 3998609
    Abstract: Production of a gas suitable for use as a fuel or for conversion into a fuel and simultaneous production of a gas saturated with steam suitable for use as feed to a shift conversion zone.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 1, 1975
    Date of Patent: December 21, 1976
    Assignee: Texaco Inc.
    Inventors: William B. Crouch, William L. Slater, Warren G. Schlinger
  • Patent number: 3972690
    Abstract: A process for the gasification of oil containing finely dispersed solids, e.g., oil from tar sands, by partial combustion in a hollow reactor is disclosed in which process the gaseous oxidant is introduced into the reactor under flow conditions characterized by a relatively large axial velocity component as compared with the tangential flow component resulting in a relatively long flame.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 27, 1975
    Date of Patent: August 3, 1976
    Assignee: Shell Oil Company
    Inventor: George VAN Os
  • Patent number: 3963457
    Abstract: An improvement in the Koppers-Totzek coal gasification system comprises the step of adding cool and clean recycle gas to the product gas as it leaves the gasifier unit, thereby eliminating the use of water sprays to quench the product gas.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 8, 1974
    Date of Patent: June 15, 1976
    Assignee: Koppers Company, Inc.
    Inventor: Martin Hess
  • Patent number: 3951617
    Abstract: Production of clean fuel gas having a high heating value by means of two interconnected free-flow noncatalytic partial oxidation gas generators. All of the particulate carbon produced in the effluent gas stream from both generators is recovered and burned as a portion of the feedstock in gas generator two to maximize the methane yield in gas generator one. At least a portion of the cooled and cleaned effluent gas from gas generator 2 is recycled to gas generator 1 as the temperature moderator. The cooled, cleaned, and purified effluent gas stream from gas generator one has a minimum heating value of 400 BTU/SCF and a minimum methane content of 5.0 mole % (dry basis).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 18, 1974
    Date of Patent: April 20, 1976
    Assignee: Texaco Inc.
    Inventor: William B. Crouch
  • Patent number: 3945942
    Abstract: A partial oxidation burner and process for the manufacture of synthesis gas, reducing gas and other gas mixtures substantially comprising H.sub.2 and CO. A hydrocarbon, oxygen-rich gas and, optionally, H.sub.2 O or some other temperature moderator are introduced into the reaction zone of a synthesis gas generator in which, by partial oxidation at an autogenous temperature in the range of about 1700.degree. to 3500.degree.F. and a pressure in the range of about 1 to 250 atmospheres, said synthesis, fuel, or reducing gas is produced. For example, a hydrocarbon is introduced into the reaction zone by way of the inner assembly of a novel multitube burner, and a mixture of oxygen-rich gas and steam is passed through a coaxial conduit disposed about the outside of said inner assembly. Said inner assembly comprises a central conduit of circular cross-section, having a plurality of parallel open-ended tubes extending downstream from the exit end of said central conduit and in communication therewith.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 30, 1972
    Date of Patent: March 23, 1976
    Assignee: Texaco Development Corporation
    Inventors: Charles P. Marion, Blake Reynolds