Coal And Water Patents (Class 48/202)
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Patent number: 8507567Abstract: A system and method for producing Syngas from the CO2 in a gaseous stream, such as an exhaust stream, from a power plant or industrial plant, like a cement kiln, is disclosed. A preferred embodiment includes providing the gaseous stream to pyrolysis reactor along with a carbon source such as coke. The CO2 and carbon are heated to about 1330° C. and at about one atmosphere with reactants such as steam such that a reaction takes place that produces Syngas, carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2). The Syngas is then cleaned and provided to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor to produce Ethanol or Bio-catalytic synthesis reactor.Type: GrantFiled: April 12, 2011Date of Patent: August 13, 2013Assignee: Gyco, Inc.Inventor: Gary C. Young
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Patent number: 8475551Abstract: A method and apparatus is described for reformulating of an input gas from a gasification reaction into a reformulated gas. More specifically, a gas reformulating system having a gas reformulating chamber, one or more plasma torches, one or more oxygen source(s) inputs and control system is provided thereby allowing for the conversion of an input gas from a gasification reaction into a gas of desired composition.Type: GrantFiled: May 7, 2007Date of Patent: July 2, 2013Assignee: Plasco Energy Group Inc.Inventors: Andreas Tsangaris, Kenneth Craig Campbell, Mao Pei Cui, Geoffrey Dobbs, Douglas Michael Feasby, Zhiyuan Shen
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Patent number: 8460410Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and process for gasifying feedstock such as carbonaceous materials. The invention includes partial combustion of dry solids and pyrolysis of carbonaceous material slurry in two separate reactor sections and produce mixture products comprising synthesis gas. The invention employs one or more catalytic or sorbent bed for removing tar from the synthesis gas. The inventive system and process allow a gasification to be carried out under higher slurry feeding rate and lower temperature with the provision to manage the tar being produced, therefore to increase the conversion efficiency of the overall gasification.Type: GrantFiled: August 15, 2008Date of Patent: June 11, 2013Assignee: Phillips 66 CompanyInventors: Albert C. Tsang, Chancelor L. Williams, Max W. Thompson, David L. Breton
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Patent number: 8444725Abstract: Production of synthetic liquid hydrocarbon fuel from carbon containing moieties such as biomass, coal, methane, naphtha as a carbon source and hydrogen from a carbon-free energy source is disclosed. The biomass can be fed to a gasifier along with hydrogen, oxygen, steam and recycled carbon dioxide. The synthesis gas from the gasifier exhaust is sent to a liquid hydrocarbon conversion reactor to form liquid hydrocarbon molecules. Unreacted CO & H2 can be recycled to the gasifier along with CO2 from the liquid hydrocarbon conversion reactor system. Hydrogen can be obtained from electrolysis of water, thermo-chemical cycles or directly by using energy from carbon-free energy sources.Type: GrantFiled: September 11, 2007Date of Patent: May 21, 2013Assignee: Purdue Research FoundationInventors: Rakesh Agrawal, Navneet R. Singh
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Patent number: 8425636Abstract: In certain embodiments, a system includes a gasification system configured to output grey water. The system also includes a grey water zero liquid discharge (ZLD) system configured to receive the grey water and to generate a first stream of distillate. The grey water ZLD system comprises an ammonia stripping system. An amount of water into and out of the grey water ZLD system is approximately equal.Type: GrantFiled: November 12, 2009Date of Patent: April 23, 2013Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Sampath K. Bommareddy, Dinh-Cuong Vuong, James Scott Kain, Anil Dhansukh Amlani, Robert Henry Weed
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Patent number: 8419813Abstract: The invention relates to an integrated method of in-situ oxygen production, chemical looping combustion and gasification of liquid, solid or gaseous fuels allowing combustion of coal, petroleum coke and/or liquid hydrocarbons and notably heavy and/or extra heavy or bituminous residues for production of synthesis gas under pressure and/or energy.Type: GrantFiled: April 29, 2010Date of Patent: April 16, 2013Assignee: IFPInventors: Ali Hoteit, Florent Guillou, Arnold Lambert, John Roesler
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Patent number: 8409307Abstract: This invention is a process and system for providing hydrogen at a high level of reliability from a gasification system by integrating it with SMR. Carbonaceous feedstock such as petroleum coke or coal or biomass is gasified to co-produce SNG, fuel gas, hydrogen, power and steam in conjunction with hydrogen production through steam methane reforming. Carbon dioxide may also be recovered in this process. The integrated schemes are designed in a way that maximizes the reliability of production of high value products such as hydrogen through gasification and minimizes the impact of high natural gas prices on hydrogen production by SMR.Type: GrantFiled: August 22, 2007Date of Patent: April 2, 2013Assignee: Praxair Technology, Inc.Inventors: Raymond Francis Drnevich, Aqil Jamal
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Patent number: 8382867Abstract: Systems and methods for producing synthetic natural gas are provided. The method can include gasifying a carbonaceous feedstock within a gasifier to provide a raw syngas. The raw syngas can be cooled to provide a cooled raw syngas. The cooled raw syngas can be processed in a purification system to provide treated syngas. The purification system can include a flash gas separator in fluid communication with the gasifier and a saturator. The treated syngas can be converted to synthetic natural gas to provide steam, a methanation condensate, and a synthetic natural gas. The methanation condensate can be introduced to the flash gas separator.Type: GrantFiled: April 21, 2011Date of Patent: February 26, 2013Assignee: Kellogg Brown & Root LLCInventors: Siva Ariyapadi, Philip Shires
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Patent number: 8366795Abstract: Particulate compositions are described comprising a carbonaceous material, such as petroleum coke and/or coal, treated or otherwise associated with a gasification catalyst, where the catalyst is at least in part derived from a leachate from a biomass char, for gasification in the presence of steam to yield a plurality of gases including methane and at least one or more of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and other higher hydrocarbons are formed. Processes are also provided for the preparation of the particulate compositions and converting the particulate composition into a plurality of gaseous products.Type: GrantFiled: February 27, 2009Date of Patent: February 5, 2013Assignee: GreatPoint Energy, Inc.Inventors: Pattabhi K. Raman, Nelson Yee
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Patent number: 8303675Abstract: With a system for synthesis gas production, having a reactor as well as a gas cooler/purifier connected with it in terms of flow, a solution is supposed to be created, with which the most compact possible connection between reactor, on the one hand, and the gas cooler or purifier, on the other hand, is made possible, whereby heat expansions that occur due to different temperatures are absorbed. This is accomplished in that the connection between reactor (1) and gas cooler/purifier (7) is formed by a horizontal connection piece (5) having a throttle element (6) configured as a Venturi element.Type: GrantFiled: August 14, 2009Date of Patent: November 6, 2012Assignee: UHDE GmbHInventors: Lothar Semrau, Gregor Hock
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Patent number: 8298306Abstract: The invention provides a process that comminutes fuel solids in a steam-driven shear field, with controlled water content and catalyst, with gasification of the particles entrained in the vented steam. Unlike conventional gasification methods the invention requires no dioxygen to be present, and produces dry friable ash that has significant marketable value as a material in its own right.Type: GrantFiled: February 10, 2009Date of Patent: October 30, 2012Inventor: David Walker Taylor
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Patent number: 8277525Abstract: A high energy transport gas and a method to transport the high energy transport gas are used to increase the energy content of a pipeline and other vessels that are designed to carry natural gas under ambient conditions, in a compressed state or in a liquefied state. Methane and other gases are used as the feedstock, with methane from natural gas fields, coal beds or derived from hydrogen reacting with coal being primary energy sources. Also, this gas and method can provide an abundant source for hydrogen production, and the energy from hydrogen can be used for fuel cell applications that generate electricity and power motor vehicles. This gas and method are capable of increasing the energy capacity of current natural gas pipelines and other storage and transport vessels.Type: GrantFiled: August 2, 2004Date of Patent: October 2, 2012Inventor: Robert C. Dalton
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Patent number: 8268026Abstract: A method for controlling the synthesis gas composition obtained from a steam methane reformer (SMR) that obtains its feedstock as product gas directly from a steam hydro-gasification reactor SHR). The method allows control of the H2/CO syngas ratio by adjusting the hydrogen feed and the water content of feedstock into a steam hydro-gasification reactor that supplies the SMR. The steam and methane rich product gas of the SHR is generated by means of hydro-gasification of a slurry of carbonaceous material and water. The mass percentages of the product stream at each stage of the process are calculated using a modeling program, such as the ASPEN PLUS™ equilibrium process. By varying the parameters of solid to water ratio and hydrogen to carbon ratio, a sensitivity analysis can be performed that enables one determine the optimum composition of the slurry feedstock to the SHR to obtain a desired syngas ratio output of the SMR.Type: GrantFiled: July 16, 2007Date of Patent: September 18, 2012Assignee: The Regents of the University of CaliforniaInventors: Joseph M. Norbeck, Chan Seung Park, Arun Sk Raju
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Patent number: 8257454Abstract: An apparatus for thermochemical conversion of solid carbonaceous materials into fluid fuels using a fluid source of oxygen and an external source of concentrated radiation includes a reactor having a wall defining a cavity; a radiation inlet positioned in the wall for passing concentrated radiation into the cavity; and at least one inlet for introducing a fluid reactant flow of a source of oxygen and particles of carbonaceous material into direct exposure to the concentrated radiation in the cavity so as to heat and thermochemically convert the particles into fluid fuel. A process and system are also provided. The fluid source of oxygen is preferably steam and the carbonaceous material is preferably particles of petcoke.Type: GrantFiled: January 22, 2008Date of Patent: September 4, 2012Assignee: Intevep, S.A.Inventors: Philipp Haueter, Andreas Z'Graggen, Dominic Trommer, Aldo Steinfeld, Manuel Romero, Juan Carlos De Jesus, Domingo Rodriguez, Alfredo Morales, Julian Blanco
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Patent number: 8252073Abstract: A novel tar-free gasification process and system is disclosed that involves the partial combustion of recycled dry solids and the drying of a slurry feedstock comprising carbonaceous material in two separate reactor zones in a two stage gasifier, thereby producing mixture products comprising synthesis gas. The synthesis gas produced from the high temperature first stage reaction zone is then quenched in the second stage reaction zone of the gasifier prior to introduction of a slurry feedstock. The temperature of the final syngas exiting the second stage reaction zone of the gasifier is thereby moderated to be in the range of about 350-900° F., which is below the temperature range at which tar is readily formed, depending upon the type of carbonaceous feedstock utilized.Type: GrantFiled: December 10, 2009Date of Patent: August 28, 2012Assignee: Phillips 66 CompanyInventors: Albert C. Tsang, David L. Breton
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Patent number: 8197565Abstract: A system of the interrelated chemical engineering processes that continuously and simultaneously gasify and utilize of an organic-inorganic raw material or municipal solid waste (MSW) and completely or entirely decompose and transform said raw material, synthesize synthetic gas (syngas) and water steam gas mixture, and melt inorganic materials that are made further treatment and correspondingly processed into following consumable and fully marketable materials or products: syngas fuel, electricity, methanol or gasoline, chemical materials, glassy slag and concrete/road filling materials, multi-metal alloy and cast metal goods, greenhouse made green mass, and hot water; said system of chemical engineering processes does not need or use fossil fuel and electric power supplied from external sources; and said system of processes excludes an emission of nitrogen oxide, carcinogenic, and hazardous gases, and air pollutant particles, excludes production of ash or secondhand waste, and makes unsubstantial a carbon diType: GrantFiled: March 31, 2008Date of Patent: June 12, 2012Inventors: Anatoliy Rokhvarger, Vladimir Boyko
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Patent number: 8182771Abstract: A system comprising a multi-stage reactor. The multi-stage reactor may include a water gas shift (WGS) reactor and a sour methanation reactor configured to generate methane without prior removal of acid gas. Furthermore, the multistage reactor may be a single unit having both the WGS reactor and the methanation reactor.Type: GrantFiled: April 22, 2009Date of Patent: May 22, 2012Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Arnaldo Frydman, Ke Liu
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Patent number: 8114177Abstract: Continuous processes are provided for converting a carbonaceous feedstock comprising biomass containing alkali metal, non-biomass components, and at least one gasification catalyst including an alkali metal recovered from solid char, into a plurality of gaseous products including methane and at least one or more of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and other higher hydrocarbons.Type: GrantFiled: February 27, 2009Date of Patent: February 14, 2012Assignee: Greatpoint Energy, Inc.Inventors: Edwin J. Hippo, Pattabhi K. Raman
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Patent number: 8105403Abstract: A novel method of combining the CTL fuel plant and IGCC electrical plant by sharing the systems of coal intake, coal preparation, gas separation, and water units is described herein. This configuration allows for the combined facility to offer advantages in efficiencies of production, operational flexibility, scalability, and reliability by a multi-path integration of the processing units.Type: GrantFiled: September 15, 2008Date of Patent: January 31, 2012Assignee: Rentech, Inc.Inventors: Joseph A. Regnery, Richard O. Sheppard
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Patent number: 8088188Abstract: A system and process for gasifying carbonaceous feedstock with staged slurry addition in order to prevent the formation of tar that causes deposition problems. Dry solid carbonaceous material is partially combusted, then pyrolyzed along with a first slurry stream comprising carbonaceous material in two separate reactor sections, thereby producing mixture products comprising synthesis gas. The second slurry stream comprising particulate carbonaceous material is fed to a drying unit downstream of a heat recovery zone along with the mixture product exiting the heat recovery zone The resulting final temperature of the second stage mixture products and dried particulate carbonaceous material is between 450° F. and 550° F., a temperature range that is typically not conducive to the emission of heavy molecular-weight tar species.Type: GrantFiled: April 1, 2011Date of Patent: January 3, 2012Assignee: ConocoPhillips CompanyInventors: David L. Breton, Albert C. Tsang, Max W. Thompson
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Publication number: 20110314736Abstract: The invention relates to a treatment chain for thermochemically converting a wet biomass feed (1) by gasification, which comprises a device (4) for gasifying the feed (3), and a reactor (9) for steam conversion of the CO, which includes water supply means (10), for delivering a syngas (17) having a defined H2/CO ratio, a drying chamber (2) into which the wet feed (1) is injected prior to its subsequent treatment in the gasification device (4), this drying chamber (2) being supplied with a hot gas (15) withdrawn downstream from the gasification device (4) and recycled by pressurizing means (13) into the drying chamber (2).Type: ApplicationFiled: December 23, 2008Publication date: December 29, 2011Applicant: Total Raffinage MarketingInventor: Pierre Crespin
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Patent number: 8083817Abstract: An entrained bed gasifier for operation with particulate or liquid fuels is provided. A reaction chamber defined by a cold screen and a quenching chamber connected to the reaction chamber using a crude gas and slag outlet, wherein at least the cold screen is enclosed by a pressure-resistant pressure mantle. The annular gap between the cold screen and pressure jacket may be filled with a fluid, for example, water or heat transfer oil. A rough pressure equalization between the gasification chamber and the annual gap may be guaranteed using a connection between the annular gap and the quenching chamber or the crude gas line, hence the pressure in the gasification chamber normally remains slightly higher than in the inner water jacket.Type: GrantFiled: September 24, 2008Date of Patent: December 27, 2011Assignee: Siemens AktiengesellschaftInventors: Volker Kirchhübel, Friedemann Mehlhose, Manfred Schingnitz, Heidrun Toth
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Publication number: 20110289846Abstract: A process is provided where a waste stream is directed to an evaporator that produces a vapor having volatile compounds. The vapor including the volatile compounds is directed through a vapor scrubber that contacts the volatile compounds with a scratching solution. The scrubbing solution reacts with the gaseous volatile compounds in the vapor such that the volatile compounds pass from a vapor state into the scrubbing solution and form volatile compounds in the liquid scrubbing solution. The scrubbing solution is collected and recycled.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 25, 2010Publication date: December 1, 2011Applicant: HPD, LLCInventors: William A. Shaw, Mitchell Adam Edwards, Jeffrey Dean Brosdal
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Publication number: 20110289847Abstract: A gasifier waste stream from a gasification process is directed to a solids separator. A portion of the suspended solids in the waste stream is removed in the solids separator, producing slag and fly ash and a grey water effluent. The grey water effluent is directed to one or more ceramic membranes which remove at least portions of the remaining suspended solids in the grey water. Permeate from the ceramic membrane is directed to an evaporator located downstream from the ceramic membrane for further concentration. Placing the ceramic membrane upstream from the evaporator reduces fouling and plugging in the evaporator that would otherwise occur due to the suspended solids in the grey water.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 25, 2010Publication date: December 1, 2011Applicant: HPD, LLCInventors: William A. Shaw, Stanton R. Smith
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Patent number: 8002855Abstract: A reactor is proposed for entrained flow gasification for operation with pulverized or liquid fuels, with an externally cooled draft tube protecting the slag discharge outlet. An outlet of the draft tube remains above a water line of a sump of the reactor and is formed from Molybdenum, an alloy featuring molybdenum, Tantalum or an alloy featuring Tantalum.Type: GrantFiled: July 1, 2008Date of Patent: August 23, 2011Assignee: Siemens AktiengesellschaftInventors: Matthias Köhler, Joachim Lamp
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Publication number: 20110197712Abstract: A system of coal gasification and direct ironmaking which is effective in attaining both heat recovery in a coal-based direct ironmaking process and a reduction in equipment investment in a coal gasification process. The system is characterized by being equipped with: a waste heat boiler (16) for recovering heat of gas exhausted from a coal gasification furnace; a heater (7) provided in exhaust gas lines (1a and 1b) of a heat reduction furnace (1) in the coal-based direct ironmaking process and superheating the steam generated by and exhausted from the waste heat boiler (16); and a superheated steam line (23) for supplying the steam superheated by the heater (7) as an oxidant to the coal gasification furnace (10).Type: ApplicationFiled: September 25, 2009Publication date: August 18, 2011Applicant: Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.)Inventors: Masataka Tateishi, Masahiro Motoyuki
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Patent number: 7988754Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for producing ultra clean liquid fuel from abandoned mine waste. A feedstock is prepared from water and coal mine waste having relatively high ash (non-carbonaceous matter) content. Foundry slag is added to the feedstock as a fluxant to adjust the melting behavior of the ash in the feedstock. Preferably, the fluxant is blast furnace slag provided in a particle size of less than about 150 ?m and is provided in an amount sufficient to lower the melting point of the ash in the feedstock by at least about 200° F. The feedstock is admitted with a flow of oxygen into a pressurized chamber of an entrained flow gasifier in which the feedstock and oxygen are heated to produce a synthetic gas from a coal component of the feedstock and molten slag from the ash and fluxant components of the feedstock. The molten slag is of a viscosity to freely flow out of the gasifier through an exit port in the bottom of the gasifier.Type: GrantFiled: January 4, 2008Date of Patent: August 2, 2011Inventor: John W. Rich, Jr.
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Publication number: 20110179712Abstract: A method of operating a gasification facility includes channeling steam into a grinding mill via a flow control device and a conduit. The method also includes mixing carbonaceous fuel, preheated water, and steam within the grinding mill, to form a preheated coal slurry stream.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 22, 2010Publication date: July 28, 2011Inventors: Pradeep S. Thacker, Aaron John Avagliano, Judeth Helen Brannon Corry, Lorena Yossette Sullivan
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Patent number: 7968006Abstract: Methods and apparatus may permit the generation of consistent output synthesis gas from highly variable input feedstock solids carbonaceous materials. A stoichiometric objectivistic chemic environment may be established to stoichiometrically control carbon content in a solid carbonaceous materials gasifier system. Processing of carbonaceous materials may include dominative pyrolytic decomposition and multiple coil carbonaceous reformation. Dynamically adjustable process determinative parameters may be utilized to refine processing, including process utilization of negatively electrostatically enhanced water species, process utilization of flue gas (9), and adjustment of process flow rate characteristics. Recycling may be employed for internal reuse of process materials, including recycled negatively electrostatically enhanced water species, recycled flue gas (9), and recycled contaminants.Type: GrantFiled: October 6, 2008Date of Patent: June 28, 2011Assignee: Thermo Technologies, LLCInventors: Dennis E. J. Johnson, Grigori A. Abramov, Richard A. Kleinke, Marcus A. Wiley
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Patent number: 7959829Abstract: A system and process for gasifying carbonaceous feedstock with staged slurry addition in order to prevent the formation of tar that causes deposition problems. Dry solid carbonaceous material is partially combusted, then pyrolyzed along with a first slurry stream comprising carbonaceous material in two separate reactor sections, thereby producing mixture products comprising synthesis gas. The second slurry stream comprising particulate carbonaceous material is fed to a drying unit downstream of a heat recovery zone along with the mixture product exiting the heat recovery zone. The resulting final temperature of the second stage mixture products and dried particulate carbonaceous material is between 450° F. and 550° F., a temperature range that is typically not conducive to the emission of heavy molecular-weight tar species.Type: GrantFiled: December 17, 2009Date of Patent: June 14, 2011Assignee: ConocoPhillips CompanyInventors: David L. Breton, Albert C. Tsang, Max W. Thompson
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Patent number: 7955403Abstract: Systems and methods for producing synthetic natural gas are provided. The method can include gasifying a carbonaceous feedstock within a gasifier to provide a raw syngas. The raw syngas can be cooled to provide a cooled raw syngas. The cooled raw syngas can be processed in a purification system to provide treated syngas. The purification system can include a flash gas separator in fluid communication with the gasifier and a saturator. The treated syngas can be converted to synthetic natural gas to provide steam, a methanation condensate, and a synthetic natural gas. The methanation condensate can be introduced to the flash gas separator.Type: GrantFiled: May 8, 2009Date of Patent: June 7, 2011Assignee: Kellogg Brown & Root LLCInventors: Siva Ariyapadi, Philip Shires
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Patent number: 7951350Abstract: A process and system for producing an effluent gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen is presented. The process includes introducing a fuel gas including a hydrocarbon and a reformer gas into a reactor system. The reformer gas may include steam, CO2, or a mixture thereof. Under steam reforming temperatures and pressures, the gases are reacted in the presence of reactant solids. The reaction process produces a carbon monoxide and hydrogen containing effluent, which may be withdrawn from the reactor system.Type: GrantFiled: January 26, 2007Date of Patent: May 31, 2011Assignee: West Biofuels, LLCInventor: Donald Taylor
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Patent number: 7947095Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for gasifying carbonaceous material, the apparatus including a gasification reactor, to which oxygen-containing primary gas and secondary gasification gas are introduced, whereby a portion of the material to be gasified is gasified to product gas, residual carbon contained in the fly ash extracted from the product gas is combusted in a cyclone combustor, and the exhaust gas from the cyclone combustor is guided to above the bottom level of the gasification reactor to act as secondary gasification gas.Type: GrantFiled: May 15, 2006Date of Patent: May 24, 2011Assignee: Foster Wheeler Energia OyInventors: Juha Palonen, Jorma Nieminen, Katriina Nieminen, legal representative
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Patent number: 7932298Abstract: A system and method for producing syngas from the CO2 in a gaseous stream, such as an exhaust stream, from a power plant or industrial plant, like a cement kiln, is disclosed. A preferred embodiment includes providing the gaseous stream to pyrolysis reactor along with a carbon source such as coke. The CO2 and carbon are heated to about 1330° C. and at about one atmosphere with reactants such as steam such that a reaction takes place that produces syngas, carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2). The Syngas is then cleaned and provided to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor to produce Ethanol or Bio-catalytic synthesis reactor.Type: GrantFiled: November 14, 2008Date of Patent: April 26, 2011Assignee: GYCO, Inc.Inventor: Gary C. Young
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Patent number: 7922782Abstract: A high efficiency gasification process for converting carbonaceous solids to methane and apparatus for its practice are described. The process includes reacting steam and carbonaceous solids comprising ash in the presence of alkali metal catalyst in a gasification reactor to produce combustible gases and char particles comprising ash and alkali metal catalyst constituents, treating a stream of such char particles in an alkali metal catalyst recovery system to recover the catalyst constituents as alkali metal compounds, and recycling such recovered compounds.Type: GrantFiled: June 1, 2006Date of Patent: April 12, 2011Assignee: Greatpoint Energy, Inc.Inventor: Atul C. Sheth
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Patent number: 7909899Abstract: Method and apparatus for generating a low tar, renewable fuel gas from biomass and using it in other energy conversion devices, many of which were designed for use with gaseous and liquid fossil fuels. An automated, downdraft gasifier incorporates extensive air injection into the char bed to maintain the conditions that promote the destruction of residual tars. The resulting fuel gas and entrained char and ash are cooled in a special heat exchanger, and then continuously cleaned in a filter prior to usage in standalone as well as networked power systems.Type: GrantFiled: June 28, 2006Date of Patent: March 22, 2011Assignee: Community Power CorporationInventors: James P. Diebold, Arthur Lilley, Kingsbury III Browne, Robb Ray Walt, Dustin Duncan, Michael Walker, John Steele, Michael Fields, Trevor Smith
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Patent number: 7883682Abstract: A process for gasification is provided for a non-catalytic, two-stage gasification process for gasification of a carbonaceous material. The reactor system generally comprises combustion in a first reaction zone and combustion in a second reaction zone.Type: GrantFiled: February 20, 2009Date of Patent: February 8, 2011Assignee: ConocoPhillips CompanyInventors: Roland Schmidt, Robert W. Morton
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Publication number: 20110023362Abstract: An entrained bed gasifier for operation with particulate or liquid fuels is provided. A reaction chamber defined by a cold screen and a quenching chamber connected to the reaction chamber using a crude gas and slag outlet, wherein at least the cold screen is enclosed by a pressure-resistant pressure mantle. The annular gap between the cold screen and pressure jacket may be filled with a fluid, for example, water or heat transfer oil. A rough pressure equalization between the gasification chamber and the annual gap may be guaranteed using a connection between the annular gap and the quenching chamber or the crude gas line, hence the pressure in the gasification chamber normally remains slightly higher than in the inner water jacket.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 24, 2008Publication date: February 3, 2011Inventors: Volker Kirchhübel, Friedemann Mehlhose, Manfred Schingnitz, Heidrun Toth
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Patent number: 7842110Abstract: Various processes and systems are disclosed for converting carbonaceous materials into a product gas stream. For instance, the product gas stream may be endothermically converted to a gas through a steam reforming process. The present invention is directed to various methods and systems for increasing throughput and efficiency of the system. Further, the present invention is also directed to sulfur removal methods and systems from a gas stream.Type: GrantFiled: September 10, 2003Date of Patent: November 30, 2010Assignee: Thermochem Recovery International, Inc.Inventors: Momtaz N. Mansour, Ravi Chandran
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Patent number: 7842108Abstract: A method and device for the gasification of solid fuels such as bituminous coal, lignite coal, and petroleum coke in the flue stream with an oxidizing medium containing free oxygen, by partial oxidation at pressures between atmospheric pressure and 80 bar and at temperatures between 1,200 and 1,900 degrees. The fuel is gasified by pneumatic metering of pulverized fuel, gasification reaction in a reactor with cooled reactor chamber contour, quencher cooling, crude gas scrubbing, and partial condensation.Type: GrantFiled: February 16, 2006Date of Patent: November 30, 2010Assignee: Siemens AktiengesellschaftInventors: Bernd Holle, Manfred Schingnitz, Norbert Fischer
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Publication number: 20100293918Abstract: A method of operating an integrated gasification combined cycle power generation system is provided. The method includes compressing air in an adiabatic air compressor to produce a compressed heated air stream, heating a nitrogen stream using the compressed heated air stream to produce a heated nitrogen stream and a cooled compressed air stream, and channeling the cooled compressed air stream to an air separation unit.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 22, 2009Publication date: November 25, 2010Inventors: George Morris Gulko, Pradeep S. Thacker, Paul Steven Wallace
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Patent number: 7758663Abstract: A method and system for producing synthesis gas in which a carbonaceous material and at least one oxygen carrier are introduced into a non-thermal plasma reactor at a temperature in the range of about 300° C. to about 700° C. and a pressure in a range of about atmospheric to about 70 atmospheres and a non-thermal plasma discharge is generated within the non-thermal plasma reactor. The carbonaceous material and the oxygen carrier are exposed to the non-thermal plasma discharge, resulting in the formation of a synthesis gas in the non-thermal plasma reactor.Type: GrantFiled: February 14, 2006Date of Patent: July 20, 2010Assignee: Gas Technology InstituteInventors: Iosif K. Rabovitser, Serguei Nester, Bruce Bryan
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Patent number: 7744665Abstract: A method and device for the gasification of solid fuels such as bituminous coal, lignite coal, and petroleum coke in the flue stream, with an oxidizing medium containing free oxygen by partial oxidation at pressures between atmospheric pressure and 80 bar, and at temperatures between 1200 and 1900° C., consisting of the process steps of pneumatic metering for pulverized fuel, gasification in a flue stream reactor with cooled reaction chamber contour, partial quenching, cooling, crude gas scrubbing, and partial condensation.Type: GrantFiled: March 7, 2006Date of Patent: June 29, 2010Assignee: Siemens AktiengesellschaftInventors: Bernd Holle, Manfred Schingnitz, Norbert Fischer
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Patent number: 7736400Abstract: A method and system for producing product gases in which a carbonaceous material and at least one oxygen carrier are introduced into a non-thermal plasma reactor at a temperature in the range of about 300° C. to about 700° C. and a pressure in a range of about atmospheric to about 70 atmospheres and a non-thermal plasma discharge is generated within the non-thermal plasma reactor. The carbonaceous material and the oxygen carrier are exposed to the non-thermal plasma discharge, resulting in the formation of a product gas in the non-thermal plasma reactor, which product gas comprises substantial amounts of hydrocarbons, such as methane, hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide.Type: GrantFiled: June 12, 2006Date of Patent: June 15, 2010Assignee: Gas Technology InstituteInventors: Iosif K. Rabovitser, Serguei Nester, Bruce Bryan
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Patent number: 7736401Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the gasification of carbonaceous materials in the form of solid particles. The inventive method comprises the following steps consisting in: heating a gaseous mixture formed by a feed gas and water vapor in a heater (1); bringing the particles of the carbonaceous materials into contact with the heated gaseous mixture in a pressurized gasification reactor (2), with the formation of a raw reaction gas and unburnt ash; separately supplying the heater with (i) water vapour and (ii) the aforementioned feed gas; taking separate samples from the heater of the gaseous mixture (at point 13) and of part of the feed gas in the dry state (at point 16); and injecting into the gasification reactor said dry feed gas and a gas forming therewith a fuel mixture in the ash.Type: GrantFiled: November 15, 2005Date of Patent: June 15, 2010Inventor: Jacques Ribesse
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Publication number: 20100088959Abstract: The invention relates to a gasification reactor (1) and associated method for the entrained-flow gasification of solid fuels under pressure. The reactor essentially consists of a pressure vessel (4) that can be cooled and an inner jacket (7) that is equipped with a heat shield. At least one crude gas outflow (8) is located at the upper end of the cylindrical pressure vessel and at least one bottoms withdrawal outlet (30) is located at the lower end, the pressure vessel having at least enough space for a moving bed (13), an entrained flow (11) that circulates internally above the surface of the moving bed and a buffer zone (3) situated above said entrained bed.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 7, 2008Publication date: April 15, 2010Applicant: TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAT BERGAKADEMIE FREIBERGInventors: Bernd Meyer, Peter Seifert, Steffen Krzack, Sirko Ogriseck, Hardy Rauchfuss, Mathias Rieger, Michael Trompelt, Stefan Guhl
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Publication number: 20100058664Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing coal gas, including: feeding raw material pulverized coal and a high temperature gasification agent (7) into a coal gas producer (a) for reaction to produce coal gas; performing heat exchange between the coal gas coming out of the coal gas producer and a gasification agent to produce the high temperature gasification agent (7); performing heat exchange between the coal gas, after performing heat exchange with the gasification agent, and water to produce vapor (4), wherein the vapor (4) is a component of the gasification agent; and outputting the coal gas after further dust removal and desulfuration which has performed heat exchange with the water.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 13, 2009Publication date: March 11, 2010Applicants: KEDA INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD., KEDA(MAS) INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.Inventor: ZHIPING XIE
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Patent number: 7638070Abstract: Methods and apparatus may permit the generation of consistent output synthesis gas from highly variable input feedstock solids carbonaceous materials. A stoichiometric objectivistic chemic environment may be established to stoichiometrically control carbon content in a solid carbonaceous materials gasifier system. Processing of carbonaceous materials may include dominative pyrolytic decomposition and multiple coil carbonaceous reformation. Dynamically adjustable process determinative parameters may be utilized to refine processing, including process utilization of negatively electrostatically enhanced water species, process utilization of flue gas (9), and adjustment of process flow rate characteristics. Recycling may be employed for internal reuse of process materials, including recycled negatively electrostatically enhanced water species, recycled flue gas (9), and recycled contaminants.Type: GrantFiled: October 6, 2008Date of Patent: December 29, 2009Assignee: Thermo Technologies, LLCInventors: Dennis E. J. Johnson, Grigori A. Abramov, Richard A. Kleinke, Marcus A. Wiley
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Publication number: 20090249691Abstract: Apparatus for gasifying a solid fuel that supplies a solid fuel such as coal by dry condition to a gasification furnace of an entrained-bed type is constructed so as to be able to collect the char discharged from the gasification furnace and re-supply the char to the furnace without using a lock hopper and without changing the char into slurry form. The char discharged from the gasification furnace along with produced gases 53 produced in the gasification furnace is brought into contact with water by a gas cooler 9 and collected. After being dehydrated by a dehydrator 10, the collected char is loaded into a mill 2 or a raw-coal bunker 1. For loading into the raw-coal bunker 1, the char is dried by a drying machine 14, preferably, after the dehydration. According to the present invention, a mixture of the collected char and water can be re-supplied to the gasification furnace without using a lock hopper or a dry feeder.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 1, 2006Publication date: October 8, 2009Applicants: HITACHI, LTD., ELECTRIC POWER DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD., BARCOCK-HITACHI K.K.Inventors: Toru Akiyama, Fumihiko Kiso, Shinji Tanaka, Hirofumi Okazaki, Fumihiko Hanayama, Kazunori Sato, Takahiro Nishida, Hiroshi Takezaki, Akio Ueda, Makoto Takeda
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Publication number: 20090235587Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for producing syngas utilizing heat from thermochemical conversion of a carbonaceous fuel to support decomposition of at least one of water and carbon dioxide using one or more solid-oxide electrolysis cells. Simultaneous decomposition of carbon dioxide and water or steam by one or more solid-oxide electrolysis cells may be employed to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide. A portion of oxygen produced from at least one of water and carbon dioxide using one or more solid-oxide electrolysis cells is fed as a controlled flow rate in a gasifier or combustor to oxidize the carbonaceous fuel to control the carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide ratio produced.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 24, 2008Publication date: September 24, 2009Applicant: Battelle Energy Alliance, LLCInventors: Grant L. Hawkes, James E. O'Brien, Carl M. Stoots, J. Stephen Herring, Michael G. McKellar, Richard A. Wood, Robert A. Carrington, Richard D. Boardman