Abstract: A core bladder is disclosed. The core bladder a body, a skeletal load-support matrix, and a valve. The body defines a fluid-receiving cavity. The skeletal load-support matrix is disposed within the fluid-receiving cavity. The valve is supported by the body. The valve is configured to permit fluid communication with the fluid-receiving cavity to selectively arrange the body in one of a compact deflated state and an expanded inflated state. An exercise assembly including the core bladder is also disclosed.

Abstract: A centrifugal exercise device for performing rotator cuff exercises. The device comprises a hand grip, a freely rotating pivot shaft extending from the upper end of the grip, and a flexible, semi-rigid cable extending through an intermediate portion of the pivot shaft at a location spaced longitudinally from the upper end of the grip. A shorter inner terminal portion of the cable extends from one side of the pivot shaft, while a longer weighted portion of the cable extends from the other side of the pivot shaft with a weighted member secured to its end.

Abstract: A block plate apparatus system, comprising: at least one block plate; a plurality of stackable blocks, wherein the at least block plate is fastened to the plurality of stackable blocks to form a unified stack. The block plate apparatus system is usable for making exercise more safe and efficient, for example by effectuating the movement of a plurality of stackable blocks as one unit.

Abstract: An upper limbs training device includes a housing, a sleeve ring, and a spinning mass. The housing includes two casings and an annular rail. The casings surround a space. The annular rail is fixed in the space. The sleeve ring is rotatably disposed on the annular rail. The spinning mass includes two shaft portions located at a first and second insertion hole portion of the sleeve ring. Each casing includes a first, second and third protrusion portion. In each casing, the first protrusion portion is located between the second and third protrusion portion. Two recesses are respectively formed between the first and second protrusion portion and between the first and third protrusion portion. The first protrusion portions form a base portion. The annular rail is mounted on the base portion. The second protrusion portions form a first grip portion. The third protrusion portions form a second grip portion.

Abstract: A rotation mechanism of a wrist exerciser is provided. The rotation mechanism includes a sleeve ring, a spinning mass, and a driving assembly. The sleeve ring is rotatable along an annular groove. The sleeve ring includes an annular body and a mount component. The annular body has a first mount portion and a first insertion hole respectively located at two opposite sides of the annular body. The mount component has a second mount portion and a second insertion hole. The second mount portion of the mount component is engaged with the first mount portion. Two shaft portions of the spinning mass are respectively and rotatably located in the first insertion hole and the second insertion hole, allowing the spinning mass to be rotatable. The driving assembly includes a stator fixed to the mount component and a rotor mounted on the spinning mass.

Abstract: An aqua-resistance exercise device includes an elongate member, a strap, fasteners, and one or more fins. The elongate member includes an engagement portion, a shaft extending from the engagement portion, and a handle to be gripped by a user. The fasteners are provided to the engagement portion of the elongate member and an inner side of the strap to releasably attach the strap to the engagement portion of the elongate member. The one or more fins are adapted to be received on the strap, and the fasteners releasably secure the strap to the engagement portion of the elongate member to thereby releasably secure the fins to the elongate member.

Abstract: Disclosed is a rehabilitation training apparatus. The rehabilitation training apparatus includes a pair of first tracks formed parallel to each other along first axis, a second track disposed on the pair of first tracks, and moving along the first axis, and formed along second axis, a hand holder disposed on the second track, and moving along the second track, and on which at least one of hand and arm of a user is held, a stopper for a track disposed on the pair of first tracks for limiting a movement range of the second track, and a stopper for a holder disposed on the second track for limiting a movement range of the second pair of first tracks, wherein the first axis and the second axis are disposed with an inclination.

Abstract: A sensory tool, therapy putty, board, and method for using same. The sensory tool provides for self-regulation, fine motor dexterity, and grip strengthening through a series of imprints and features on its surface(s) that when pressed into resistive putty allows for impressions to be made. When this tool is combined with therapy putty it can be used to strengthen muscles, simulate functional tasks, and provide graded resistance that reinforces the sensorimotor experience to facilitate muscle memory and motor learning.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a gravity balancing device for a rehabilitation robot arm, and belongs to the field of rehabilitation robots. The gravity balancing device includes a shoulder joint connecting member, an upper arm connecting member and a gravity balancing assembly; the shoulder joint connecting member and the upper arm connecting member are pivotally connected according to the human body bionic structure to simulate the rotational movement of the upper arm of the human body around the shoulder joint; the gravity balancing assembly includes a plurality of springs, wire ropes and guide pulleys, the wire ropes connect the springs to the shoulder joint connecting member and the upper arm connecting member, the spring tension is used to balance the gravity of the arm, and the guide pulleys are used to change the force directions of the wire ropes, thereby saving space and making the device structure more compact.

Abstract: This invention is directed to offer a customizable, cost effective, and comfortable soft gripping solution for patients with chronic disabilities, such as diabetic neuropathy, allowing the patients to function independently and perform routine daily tasks. A soft robotic gripper has been developed with one or more inflatable systems actuated by aft to assist a user to grip an object. The main body of the gripper bends with air actuation while the fingertip actuation helps functionality in the extremities. The gripper is further enhanced by adding sensors that integrate feedback for sensitivity to touch, conformability, and grip ability. The modular design modifications allow for gripper adjustments as the disease progresses or rescinds. The gripper also works as a training aid for routine physical therapy exercises. Data collected by a microprocessor can also help learn more about these chronic diseases and use artificial intelligence to customize treatment regimens for individual patients.

Abstract: A personal transportation vehicle. The personal transportation vehicle provides an outer and inner shell having a rotor assembly supported between. The inner shell defines a compartment, which in turn houses an input system that controls an electromagnetic drive system. The electromagnetic drive system includes electromagnets that can generate a magnetic field. A sensor detects motion of the rotor assembly and stabilizes the inner shell. A controller controls states of each electromagnet depending on a position of the rotor assembly and an input from the input system. The electromagnets of the electromagnetic drive system cooperatively cause the personal transportation vehicle to move.

Abstract: In one example, a muscle exercise device includes a first arm, and a second arm rotatably connected to the first arm, and the second arm and first arm are movable to cooperatively define a recess. The muscle exercise device also includes a resistance element configured to reside in the recess and be compressed between the arms.

Abstract: A bimanual arm trainer that provides therapeutic bimanual repetitive exercise to improve upper body movement and flexibility has a top support that is elevated relative to a ground surface. The trainer further includes: (a) first and second arm holders that are pivotable relative to the top support; and (b) first and second arm holder housings that are pivotably coupled to the top support and can be moved into a plurality of different positions and locked in place in one of the plurality of different positions relative to the top support. The first arm holder is pivotably coupled to the first arm holder and the second arm holder is pivotably coupled to the second arm holder. A reciprocating translation mechanism operatively connects the first and second arm holders such that the motion of one of the first and second arm holders is mirrored in the other of the first and second arm holders.

Abstract: A finger joint driving device is provided on a hand and causes a finger joint to be turned. The finger joint driving device includes a first base portion that is mounted on the hand, a first link portion that is turnably provided on the first base portion, a second link portion that is turnably provided on the first link portion, a second base portion that is mounted on the end side of a finger from the first base portion in the hand and is provided on the second link portion so as to relatively approach with respect to and to be separated from the first base portion, and a driving unit that drives the second link portion to be turned.

Abstract: A finger joint driving device includes a first base portion that is mounted on an index finger, a pressure sensor that is provided between the first base portion and the index finger when the first base portion is mounted on the index finger, and a contact portion that is provided between the pressure sensor and the index finger and comes in contact with the pressure sensor in the mounted state. In addition, durometer hardness of the contact portion which is measured based on JIS K 6253 is equal to or greater than 50.

Abstract: A wearable power assistive device for hand rehabilitation includes a hand brace having an external platform and an internal platform connected to and spaced inwardly from the external platform. Five finger assemblies are adjustably mounted on and extending from the distal end of the external platform. Each finger assembly includes a proximal follower assembly for a metacarpophalangeal joint. Five motors are used to actuate the five finger assemblies respectively. Each motor is mounted in close proximity to the external platform and has one end connected to the external platform and another end coupled to its proximal follower assembly by a ball joint in order to facilitate transfer of force and minimize mechanical stress on the other parts of the device.

Abstract: A hand rehabilitation device includes a base having an arm support. A first actuator is mounted to the base and includes a first output end. A second actuator is connected to the first output end of the first actuator and includes a second output end. A handle is connected to the second output end. One of the first and second output ends rotates about an axis. The other of the first and second output ends reciprocates in a direction.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a pneumatic sock exercise device utilizing pneumatic resistance transmitted to a user by a pneumatic sock capable of slidable movement within a pneumatic conduit or a pneumatic conduit structure configured to be removably interfaced with a source of airflow. The pneumatic conduit may include hollow cylinders, pipes, tubes, hoses, or ducts. The pneumatic sock is a tubular structure made of a flexible material that includes various aspects and features. When an embodiment is interfaced with the source of airflow, the pneumatic sock enables airflow within the pneumatic conduit or pneumatic conduit structure to oppose the user and his/her movement of the sock in either direction (with or against airflow) during exercise. Some embodiments may include an extension means and/or an anti-friction means to extend the range of movement of the pneumatic sock. The same or other embodiments may include a housing including a pneumatic conduit structure.

Abstract: An apparatus for the local and/or remote rehabilitation and functional evaluation of the right and/or left hand of a user includes: a number of gym tools for the execution of hand exercises, each gym tool including a mechanical part, a sensor for the transformation of measured physical parameters into electrical signals; a user interface, configured to guide the user in the use of the gym tools, and providing feedbacks to the sequence of user actions; a first processing unit, configured to manage the apparatus functions, signal processing, storing and forwarding information on the measured physical parameters to at least one external device; a short-range communication module, configured to allow a real-time close-distance control of the apparatus; a wide-range communication module, configured to allow the connection to at least one long-distance tele-monitoring system.

Abstract: The present invention provides method and apparatus to perform combined cognitive and motor rehabilitation on a computerized non-portable system or on single portable device. A patient can play a variety of games that require the patient to perform a variety of memory exercises which involve physical exertion. The activities of the patient are monitored with pattern analysis software which provides feedback to the patient. The feedback can include voice synthesis, video guidance, progression messages etc. Patient data obtained while the patient is performing each of the memory exercises is stored locally on a database module and then uploaded to a cloud server. A remote psychologist/psychiatrist monitors the patient by logging into the same cloud, and updating cognition exercises. The same therapist can have live chats with the patient for further interaction and coaching.

Abstract: In general, an exercise device includes a handle having a first end and a second end. A curved member is coupled to the first end of the handle. A movable member is coupled to the curved member, with the movable member configured to travel along a length of the curved member, where the movable member has a first portion and a second portion, and the second portion is configured to move relative to the first portion. An elongate member has a first end and a second end, and the first end of the elongate member is coupled to the second portion of the movable member. A weight is coupled to the second end of the elongate member.

Abstract: A glove including a dorsal panel having a finger region. The dorsal panel includes an array of four finger regions and each finger region having at least two weights coupled thereto in a longitudinally spaced relationship to each other. The dorsal panel includes a thumb region spaced and orientated away from the finger region. The thumb region includes a weight coupled thereto. The glove includes a weight coupled to the finger region of the dorsal panel. The weight includes a sealed pocket having heavy grains. The weight is not selectably removable. The glove includes a palmar panel coupled to the dorsal panel and thereby forming a cavity therebetween. The palmar panel includes a slick surface.

Abstract: An improved finger exerciser to exercise each finger individually by depressing directly against the resistance of a spring. Embodiments are described wherein the device includes an electronic controller in operative communication with individual finger exercise elements to sense exercise parameters and provide tactile feedback to a user. In embodiments, the disclosed finger exerciser is configured to communicate sensed measurements to an integrated controller and/or a mobile device, such as a distance each finger is pressed, speed, response time, repetition count, and so forth. In embodiments, the exerciser is configured to provide tactile feedback, such as vibration, to a user via the finger pads. The finger exerciser may receive communications from an integrated controller and/or mobile device to activate a tactile stimulator.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus includes a cable that is extracted from a housing when the extraction force is sufficient to rotate a drum that is rotatably mounted within the housing. A brake material is sandwiched between the drum and at least one tension band to provide adjustable resistance to rotation of the drum. A knob is rotated to adjust tension in the at least one tension band without affecting tension in the brake material. Indicia associated with rotation of the knob show changes in the resistance level as the knob rotates through more than one complete revolution relative to the housing.

Abstract: A wrist exercise device includes a housing having circular portions, a grip handle extending across an inner area of each circular portion of the housing, with both ends of each grip handle being rotatably engaged in a circular direction with the circular portion of the housing, and a spring positioned within each circular portion of the housing. The elastic force of the spring between the grip handle and the housing is increased when the grip handle rotates in any direction.

Abstract: A therapeutic exercise device includes an elongated, hollow tube having a sleeve slidably and rotatably mounted thereon. The sleeve is held on the tube by a pair of opposing retainers, each having a rounded end cap attached thereto. Either cap is removable to expose an interior chamber for receiving a desired number of weighted cylinders that vary the overall weight of the tube. Accordingly, a user loads the chamber with a desired number of weighted cylinders and grasps the tube with one hand. The sleeve is grasped and reciprocally rotated with the other hand to exert the hand, wrist and forearm muscles.

Abstract: Embodiments of a spring collar are provided for removably securing a disc weight to the sleeve of a barbell, as are embodiments of a magnetic spring collar attachment and associated methods. In one embodiment, the spring collar includes a resilient wire form having a permanent magnet mounted thereto. The spring collar includes a coiled body having a central aperture, and first and second radial arms extending from the coiled body. The first and second radial arms can be moved toward one another to increase the diameter of the central aperture and permit a user to slide the coiled body over the sleeve. The permanent magnet enables a user to removably secure the spring collar to a ferromagnetic surface when the spring collar is not in use.

Abstract: An exercise device for exercising the grip muscles of the hand and auxiliary muscles used in gripping by simultaneous isometric exercise of the hand muscles while exercising other muscles isotonically.

Abstract: A gymnastic tool (1) is formed by at least two impermeable external walls (2, 3) which are each concave shaped and provided with respective edges (4,5). The at least two impermeable walls (2, 3) are mutually fixed together by a connector (6), the gymnastic tool having at least one inner cavity.

Abstract: A system for extending a finger of a hand comprises structural elements configured to be inserted into a flexed finger and capable of providing a controllable force to extend the finger. In some embodiments, structural elements comprise a cam connected to a spacer, the spacer connected to a first strut, and a second strut holding a loading assembly, an end piece and a spring. The loading assembly compresses or relaxes the spring, which exerts a variable force on the end piece, which rotates the cam and the first strut about an extension angle. When the extension angle is minimal, the first and second struts are substantially parallel. A method of extending a finger of a hand substantially fixed in a flexed position comprises inserting a system comprising structural elements into the finger and thereafter providing a force to extend the finger and maintaining the force for a period of time.

Abstract: A disc holder dock includes a top cover having an opening for a driving wheel. The top cover has a cradle area for docking a gyroscopic wrist exerciser. The top cover further has a guide vane for directional guiding of the gyroscopic wrist exerciser. The top cover has a top cover sidewall. A middle frame mounted to the top cover. The driving wheel is mounted to the middle frame. The driving wheel is connected to the middle frame by a support. A lower plate is for holding a disc. The lower plate has a lower plate upper side and a lower plate lower side. The lower plate further includes a disk storage area.

Abstract: The invention concerns an exercise apparatus including a movable implement, the implement consisting of a number of movable parts that are mutually connected with at least one further movable part, where the apparatus is a mobile unit, and where the apparatus further includes a base. The new feature of the apparatus according to the invention is that an implement in the form of at least one set of discs consisting of at least a first and a second movable disc is connected to the base, where the first movable disc in a set of discs is rotatably connected to the base via a first rotary connection, and where the second movable disc in the set of discs is rotatably connected to the first disc. The apparatus may furthermore include more than two movable discs, for example three, four, five or more discs. By joining the individual movable parts in this way, free movement of the individual discs is achieved in this way, the individual discs obviously being dependent on the movements and actions of the other discs.

Abstract: A finger weight that is functional. A normal sized, weighted sphere is attached to an end of a cylinder-shaped body. The weighted sphere and body has a hard particulate material to provide a resistance transfer through the body. A flattened surface and groove are provided in both the implement and the assistive implement. The flattened surface of the implement of the body half distant from the sphere is cinctured in the groove by an adhesive resinous strip to the non-palmar surface of the distal finger digit. The flattened surface along the entire length of the assistive implement is cinctured in the groove by an adhesive resinous strip to the proximal interphalangeal joint. The operation of the finger weight is extending and flexing the distal finger digit while restricting the extending and flexing of the proximal interphalangeal joint.

Abstract: An apparatus for passive extension and flexion of at least one finger of a patient with an upper arm unit, a lower arm unit, and at least one connective line. The apparatus is configured such that elbow extension of the patient promotes finger flexion. This is accomplished by taking advantage of the geometry of the arm, where the distance from a point on the patient's humeral area to the patient's fingers is greater when the patient's arm is in extension than when it is in flexion. In one aspect, the upper arm unit is configured to connect to a portion of the patient's arm between the patient's elbow and shoulder and the lower arm unit is configured to connect to a portion of the patient's arm intermediate the patient's hand and elbow.

Abstract: An exercise device (10) is provided with a twist cap (14) spaced apart from a base cap (12) with a resistance assembly (52) therebetween. The resistance assembly (52) includes a spring (20), a rotating member (26) that rotates with the twist cap (14), and a translating member (30) threadably engaged to the rotating member (26) and configured to variably deform the spring (20) due to rotation of the twist cap (14) in order to adjust the resistance level. An annularly pleated sidewall (16) and a vent means (18) may be included to provide a further resistance means. The exerciser compresses the twist cap (14) towards the base cap (12) to experience both compressive and bending resistance.

Abstract: A weighted wrist band or wrist cuff utilized during sport training or exercise. The weighted wrist band includes a gel mold provided with a plurality of metallic chips therein to be inserted into a pouch within the weighted wrist band. The weighted wrist band includes a first section, a second section and an offset cuff section provided between the first section and the second section. The upper edge of the offset cuff section is spaced below the upper edge of the first section and the second section, thereby resulting in the offset cuff section being offset from the first and second sections. This configuration would prevent any contact of the weighted wrist band with any sports implement during training or exercise.

Abstract: A new weighted ball exercise device is disclosed. The ball has handles connected to covers located on opposite sides of the ball. The handles rotate 360 degrees clockwise or counterclockwise. The handles alleviate stress on the user's wrists and provide a firm grip. The ball has an internal weight storage compartment or weight drawer that may be opened to permit adding or removing weights of various sizes and weights. The compartment can be axially located between the covers, and be locked and unlocked by action of spring-loaded button mechanism. In another embodiment, the ball has opposing rotatable covers with handles and grips. Weights are removably insertable into one or more recessed compartments located about the ball's outer surface, and may be radially spaced apart. A kettle bell handle attachment can be inserted into the outer surface to permit conversion of the ball to a kettle ball device.

Abstract: An interactive device includes a housing and a finger ladder held within the housing and having a number of parallel rungs. Each rung includes at least one sensor. A display system, which may include panels attached to either side of the ladder, produce sounds and/or images when the rungs of the ladder are contacted sequentially. Alternately, the display system may be integral with the finger ladder. The sounds and/or images may produce a song or a familiar sequence, such as the alphabet. The sequential activation of the sensors results in the development of both gross and fine motor skills, for example, in children, persons with developmental differences, and persons needing physical or occupational therapy.

Abstract: A wrist training apparatus includes a housing, a rotation component disposed in the housing, a signal emission assembly and a counter. The rotation component includes a shaft and an annular wrapper wrapping the shaft and including an outer and inner surfaces and receptacle hole extending from the outer to the inner surfaces. A hole wall of the receptacle hole includes a stopper part. The signal emission assembly is disposed in the receptacle hole and includes a holding cover disposed in the receptacle hole and including a first holding structure in the receptacle hole and a second holding structure protruding from the inner surface and a signal emission device. The first and second holding structures are leaned against the stopper part and inner surface respectively. The signal emission device is disposed in the holding cover. The counter is disposed in the housing and senses signals from the signal emission device.

Abstract: Described here are devices and methods for strengthening the thenar muscles of the hand. Generally, a device comprises a base shaped to be held in the hand, a thumb rest having a hinge attached to the base such that one end of the thumb rest can be pivoted relative to the base, and an elastic member attached to the base and the thumb rest, which resists the pivoting motion of the thumb rest relative to the base. The user can place the device in his or her hand, and place his or her thumb on the thumb rest. When the user presses the thumb rest toward the base with his or her thumb, the elastic member supplies a force resisting the pressing motion, which exercises the thenar muscles.

Abstract: The system provides an exercise device where resistance is provided by one or more of gyroscopic forces, centrifugal forces, magnetic forces, torus forces symmetric field physics, electro-mechanical forces, mass shaping, frequency dynamics, etc. In one embodiment, a handheld device with an internal flywheel is provided. The flywheel is spun up to a desired speed and provides a gyroscopic resistance to movement in a particular direction relative to the orientation of the device. By holding the device in a particular orientation and attempting to move the device against the gyroscopic effect, resistance is provided for exercising. The device itself is relatively light so that the resistance exists principally when the device is being moved. In one embodiment, the rate of rotation of the flywheel can be controlled via an on-board control so that the resistance can be increased or decreased during exercise movement.

Abstract: An exercise device for exercising hand, wrist, arm, and upper body muscles having adjustable force resistance and a force setting indicator. The exercise device includes a housing, a first handle connected to one end of the housing, a second handle connected to the opposite end of the housing, an inner spring disposed inside the housing, and an outer spring disposed inside the housing. The outer spring is connected to the inner spring and encases the inner spring. An adjuster knob disposed on the second handle and coupled to the inner spring and configured to adjust a tension of the inner spring and compression of the outer spring.

Abstract: A hand exercise device comprising a base with a generally planar surface, and at least one string held at a substantial angle of inclination with respect to the planar surface of the base. The hand exercise device can be adapted to perform hand exercises that involve applying a pushing force to move the string such that the string is in contact with the planar surface of the base. The hand exercise device can be modified to include a plurality of strings of different thicknesses held at a substantial angle of inclination to facilitate variable exercise resistance. The hand exercise device can benefit patients by increasing grip strength, improving hand function, and/or alleviating joint pain.

Abstract: A kit of components of a multi-functional group of hand/forearm exercise tools wherein each tool permits the user to strengthen one or more muscles associated with the hand/forearm of the user, and/or to increase radial and ulnar deviation and forearm pronation and supination, or permits the user to mimic a functional task, such as turning a door knob, opening a bottle cap, inserting and turning a key, turning and tightening a nut, and turning and tightening a bolt.

Abstract: An apparatus worn on the hands to prevent the formation of a conventional fist and instead promote the optimal posture/position for making a structurally superior fist—the A-Fist in the CoreFIST Training Method. The apparatus and method aligns the fingers to create Correct Bone Alignment through the fingers, hands, wrists, arms & shoulders enabling the user to throw harder, more powerful punches with less chance of injury. The Method for using such apparatus helps align the bones of the fingers and hands to engage in more effective punching/striking and walking/running exercise as well as many traditional calisthenics.

Abstract: A hand, wrist, arm and fingers therapy and exercising device which includes a push bar pivotally connected to a base and a wrist support portion. The push bar is moveable between a neutral position, an extended position and a stretching position. The push bar includes finger cams at the end thereof for exercise of the fingers.

Abstract: An exercise device comprises a pair of outer handles and an inner, central disk, rotatable relative to the handles. The disk includes at least a pair of orifices formed therein or therethrough. At least one tether or cord extends between the handles and through the orifices in the central disk. Manipulation of the handles by a user results in cyclic spinning of the disk.

Abstract: A gyroscopic wrist exerciser has a transparent plastic housing and a gyroscopic rotor mounted on an axle rotating on a primary axis of rotation about the axle. Ends of the axle are extended into a circumferential housing groove disposed on an inside surface of the transparent plastic housing to rotate in a secondary axis of rotation about the circumferential groove to provide precession of the gyroscopic rotor. A permanent magnet cooperating with a coil produces an electric current proportional to the speed of the rotor. A microcontroller connected to and powered by the coil has three separate outputs, namely a first output, a second output and a third output which receive degrees of voltage depending upon an input voltage from the coil. A first LED chip, a second LED chip, and a third LED chip are connected to the microcontroller at the three outputs.

Abstract: A cylindrical gear ring assembly is provided for use as a decorative wearable ornamental device useable as a ring or other piece of jewelry, a toy, and a therapy tool, and more specifically to a ring with a rotatable mechanism comprising movable cylinders which rotate against gear mechanisms and method of using the same.

Abstract: A new weighted exercise ball is disclosed in the present invention. The ball has handles on each side of the ball which rotate 360 degrees clockwise or counter clockwise. The handles alleviate stress on the wrists and provide a firm grip. The ball has inner compartments that slide outward and allows for the entry of weights of various sizes.