Abstract: A development roller of an electric-photographic machine is manufactured by a method of mixing a base material of either NBR rubber or HYDRIN rubber, an electric conductive high-molecule-weight material to adjust an electric resistivity of the development roller, and peroxide as a cross-link agent cross-linking the base material and the electric conductive high-molecule-weight material in a three-dimensional structure, forming the development roller from a mixture of the base material, the electric conductive high-molecule-weight material, and peroxide, and irradiating the development roller with ultraviolet light to adjust a friction coefficient of a surface of the development roller. Accordingly, the development roller has characteristics of a low electric resistivity even with a single layer structure.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an anilox roller, in particular for a flexographic printing press, the anilox roller comprising a cylindrical core and a sleeve detachably held on the core and having at its surface an anilox layer with a grid pattern of pits, comprising the steps of

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a charge roller utilizes a foam rubber substance where epichlorohydrin oxide rubber and an acrylonitrile butadiene rubber are mixed at a ratio of 5:95, or utilizing a crosslinking rubber substance consisting of epichlorohydrin oxide rubber and acrylonitrile butadiene rubber having a polar low molecular polymeric characteristic, thus allowing the charge roller to maintain a low volume resistivity of 107 &OHgr;cm to 108 &OHgr;cm. As a result, the surface of a photosensitive drum can be charged by a minimum charging voltage, to thereby significantly reduce an amount of ozone. A method of manufacturing a charge roller employs peroxide as a cross linking agent for rapidly cross-linking molecular chains between an epichlorohydrin oxide rubber and acrylonitrile butadiene rubber forming a main composition of a foam rubber substance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a release agent donor roller, and methods and fusing systems which incorporate the donor roller, for applying a polymeric release agent to a fuser roller in an electrophotographic apparatus. The donor roller comprises a base member with a polymeric outer layer thereover comprising a silicone material with a controlled, relatively high swelling characteristic in the release agent, i.e., the layer has a swell in 300 cts poly(dimethylsiloxane) oil maintained at a temperature of 175° C. after 24 hours exposure of greater than 15% by weight. When operated in a fusing system, the donor roller exhibits relatively low toner contamination levels, even for relatively low melting polymer binder resins used in producing toners, such as polyester resins. The swell characteristic is still at an acceptable level such that the donor roller has adequate mechanical stability.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for obtaining a desired nip pressure distribution profile in the cross direction of a paper web. The paper web passes through a nip, the latter defined by at least one elastomer covered roll, the covered roll having polarizable particles or magnetic particles embedded therein. A plurality of spaced plates or spaced coils each generate a local field (respectively electric or magnetic) which acts upon individual spaced zones or regions along the covered roll. The field may thus be an electric field or a magnetic filed. The effect of the field is to change the effective modulus of the elastomer by acting on the particles. In turn, this action varies the nip pressure pulse as to exert a desired pressure at each of a plurality of spaced zones or regions on the paper web, to thus create or process a more uniform product in the nip. The method and apparatus can be used, for example, to improve web moisture profiles in the press section of paper machines.

Abstract: An ink supply roll is disposed inside a printing drum of a stencil printer and supplies ink to the inner peripheral surface of the printing drum. At least the surface layer of the ink supply roll is formed of a nonmetal material which is not larger than 100° in contact angle and not larger than ±5% in swelling ratio to an ultraviolet-curing monomer.

Abstract: Roll and process for producing roll including a hard roll core, and a resilient covering layer, including a matrix material, located on an outer side of the hard roll core. The matrix material includes a soft metal. The process includes producing a matrix material comprising a soft metal, and applying the soft metal matrix material onto an outer side of the hard roll core, thereby forming the resilient covering layer.

Abstract: An electrophotography roller incorporated in an image creating device by the electrophotography comprising a conductive shaft disposed along the center axis, a conductive elastic layer around the shaft, a surface layer on the conductive elastic layer formed concentrically. The JIS A hardness of the conductive elastic layer is 30° or less. The shear modulus of the conductive elastic layer measured in viscoelasticity under the condition of 20° C., 60% PH and 0.1 Hz is 4 105 Pa or more. The width of contact of the roller with another member is sufficiently ensured even under a low pressing pressure. The compression residual strain is small even after the roller is pressed against another member for a long time. If the roller is used as a development roller, a sharp image with less density unevenness due to the residual strain is created.

Abstract: A developing roller has a roller core, an electrically conductive layer provided on a circumferential surface of the roller core, and a covering layer provided on the outer circumferential surface of the conductive layer. The covering layer is formed by subjecting a reaction mixture containing a fluorine-containing polyol, a reactive silicone oil having an active hydrogen, and an isocyanate compound, to a reaction condition for reacting the fluorine-containing polyol and the reactive silicone oil with the isocyanate compound.

Abstract: A roller for office automation equipment which does not suffer from impairment of a cross-linking reaction or occurrence of a delay therein, is excellent in permanent set resistance and low-temperature bleedability, and permits achievement of a low hardness. A preferred roller for office automation equipment comprises a base rubber layer, an intermediate layer and a surface layer formed in this sequence on an outer peripheral surface of a shaft, wherein the base rubber layer is formed of a liquid rubber composition containing the following constituents (A) to (D): (A) a liquid rubber, derived from at least one of butadiene and isoprene, and having a structural unit (&agr;) having an alkenyl group on the side chain thereof; (B) a hydrosilyl cross-linking agent; (C) a hydrosilylation catalyst; and (D) a mineral oil containing not more than 0.31 wt. % sulfur.

Abstract: A paper-feeding roller, made of a cylindrical elastic material, which is used for a printing apparatus of ink jet type, with the paper-feeding roller mounted on a core, wherein a friction coefficient (&mgr;) of the paper-feeding roller is set not less than 1.5; and the following relationship is established among the friction coefficient (&mgr;) of the paper-feeding roller, a tensile elongation E (%) thereof, and a fracture-time strength T (MPa) thereof: 15>(E×T)/(&mgr;×100)≧5.

Abstract: A semiconductive roller forming an elastic layer on the outer circumference of a conductive shaft body, in which the elastic layer is an unfoamed body having the addition curing type liquid silicone rubber cured as a base polymer, and the ASKER C hardness of this unfoamed body is 10° to 50°. This semiconductive roller is used as a rotatable developing roller of an image forming apparatus such as a printer.

Abstract: A developing roller is provided with a roller core, an electrically conductive layer provided on a circumferential surface of the roller core, and a covering layer provided on the outer circumferential surface of the conductive layer. The covering layer has a thickness of 30 &mgr;m or less, but 0.1 &mgr;m or more, and has at least its surface region formed of a porous body.

Abstract: In a conductive rubber roller comprising a conductive support and a rubber layer, the rubber layer comprises (A) an epichlorohydrin rubber containing 40 mol % or more of ethylene oxide and (B) an acrylonitrile butadiene rubber component having an acrylonitrile content of 20% by weight or less, and the component (A) is in a proportion of 5 or more to less than 25 in weight ratio, based on the total weight of said components (A) and (B).

Abstract: A fuser member having a support metallic core and a layer of material formed over the metallic core, the layer includes composite material, including a high molecular weight reactive polyfunctional poly(C(1-6) alkyl)siloxane polymer; a cross-linked poly(dialkylsiloxane) incorporating an oxide, wherein the poly(dialkylsiloxane) has a weight average molecular weight before crosslinking of about 5,000 to 80,000; and a silane crosslinking agent.

Abstract: Continuous photo film includes a support of resin film having a back surface. A photosensitive layer of photographic emulsion is disposed on a surface of the support opposite to the back surface. A conveying roller conveys the continuous photo film. The conveying roller includes a roller body of metal. A hardness reinforcer layer is formed on a surface of the roller body by thermal spraying of ceramic or cermet, so that the roller body surface is prevented from being scratched or ground by the back surface of the film.

Abstract: In order to obtain a charging member which is free of problems such as bleeding of a conductive agent and environment dependency, has little voltage dependency, and can be preferably used in a charging system of impressing only a DC voltage, there is provided a charging member comprising an elastic layer, a resistance regulation layer provided on the elastic layer, and a skin layer provided on the resistance regulation layer, wherein the resistance regulation layer is formed by use of a resin composition prepared by blending an ion conductive substance having a molecular weight of 30 to 800 as a conductive agent into a low-resistance resin matrix having a resistance of 1×104 to 1×1010 &OHgr;·cm.

Abstract: A fixing apparatus for electrostatographic reproduction or digital printing comprising: (a) a core (b) a gudgeon friction welded to said core, the gudgeon consisting of through slots or holes in a shoulder of said gudgeon.

Abstract: A roller system having at least one operable roller unit, each roller unit having a roller, cylindrical in shape having a length and a diameter, the roller having a center aperture extending through the length of the roller and the roller being fabricated from a polymer, a shaft in the form of an elongate cylinder having a diameter sized to rotatably fit within the central aperture of the roller, the shaft further having a retention mechanism located upon the shaft ends and an elongate “U” shaped roller rack, the roller rack sized to extend the length of the roller and having a pair of upwardly extending ends located adjacent the ends of the roller, each end having an aperture sized to receive the respective shaft en and locate the shaft in a fixed location.

Abstract: A charging roll which is held in rolling contact with a photosensitive drum for charging the photosensitive drum. The charging roll includes an outermost layer formed of a resin composition containing a grafted carbon as an electrically conductive agent. The grafted carbon includes a carbon black and a polymer which is grafted on the carbon black so as to cover a surface of the carbon black.

Abstract: A semiconductive roller comprises a semiconductive elastic layer made of silicone rubber covering the circumference of a conductive shaft body, and a resin layer containing a hard film material is formed on the outer circumference of the elastic layer via a coupling agent layer.

Abstract: When rolling steel sheet and other rolled stock, rattling occurs in certain operating states. This results in reduced quality of the rolled stock and rejects as well as damage to the rolling mill. No improvement was achieved by placing brakes on the cylinders. Electronic monitoring is not a satisfying solution. Given that rattling is a self-starting oscillation, resistance sensors are coupled to the cylinders and/or the rolled stock in order to stabilize the self-starting oscillation modes, modes with negative damping, by means of additional damping. In the example illustrated in FIG. 4, cylinder-shaped, rotating dampers are coupled to the working cylinders. Concentric or disc-shaped layers made of steel and plastic such as those found in layered oscillation absorbers are most effective and adaptable. The arrangement of the working cylinder and the damper illustrated in FIG.

Abstract: A roller for office automation equipment which does not suffer from impairment of a cross-linking reaction or occurrence of a delay therein, is excellent in permanent set resistance and low-temperature bleedability, and permits achievement of a low hardness.

Abstract: A charge roller of the present invention includes a shaft, an elastic member affixed to the circumference of the shaft, and a plurality of spacers affixed to the elastic member. Assume that rising portions formed, when the circumference of the elastic member is ground during production, at axially opposite end portions of the elastic member each have a width of W mm in the axial direction. Then, the spacers each are positioned at a distance of at least W/9 mm from the end of the elastic member toward the center in the axial direction.

Abstract: An improved specialty paint finish roller comprising a conventional roller handle assembly having an axle portion, a roller tube and a naturally occurring sponge material secured around the roller tube. The roller tube is fabricated by slicing natural sponge in a manner to form essentially flat sponge pieces. One of the sponge pieces is then placed over a surface of a base material having an adhesive applied thereto, the sponge material thereby adhering to the base material. The sponge/base material is then cut lengthwise into an adhesive and is then wound about the surface of the roller member, the adhesive then being allowed to dry. The elongated tube member is then cut to predetermined sizes, the resulting roller tube being joined to the roller handle assembly. Using a natural sponge as the paint applicator produces a natural design, each roller being unique such that a unique design is applied to an interior wall.

Abstract: A roller includes a metal core, a cylinder including polyurethane, and a conductive adhesive between the metal core and the cylinder. The polyurethane includes a solid solution of a transition metal halide salt and includes less than 5% of salt by weight. The transition metal halide salt provides the polyurethane with a uniform conductivity and a uniform resistivity of between 1012 ohm-cm and 105 ohms-cms.

Abstract: A conductive roll for an electrophotographic apparatus, which eliminates deposition unevenness onto the roll surface, inhibits occurrence of non-uniform roll resistance value, and gives a satisfactory image free from density unevenness. The surface of the conductive roll is corona-treated by arranging the conductive roll oppositely to, and in parallel with a discharging electrode, and impressing a voltage onto the electrode while rotating the conductive roll. With the conductive roll subjected to a corona treatment of the roll surface, deposition unevenness onto the roll surface is eliminated, a uniform roll resistance value is maintained throughout the entire surface even after use for a long period of time, thus permitting maintenance of stable properties.

Abstract: The present invention provides an elastic body having a small volume change caused by the change in temperature, a roller having a small change in outer diameter thereof caused by an increase in temperature of the roller during operation, a manufacturing method therefor, and a heating and fixing device which can maintain a constant processing speed. The roller has an elastic layer formed by curing a silicone rubber material containing at least expanded resin microballoons, wherein, when the roller is placed in a vacuum chamber in which atmospheric pressure is reduced to 0.001 MPa or less over 2 minutes, the roller has a gas permeability indicating the recovery characteristic where an increased amount of the thickness of the elastic layer after 10 minutes from the start of evacuation is two-thirds or less of the maximum increased amount of the thickness of the elastic layer during a 10 minutes period from the start of evacuation.

Abstract: A roller comprising a roller core and a roller covering being composed of an elastomer or elastic plastic material is characterized in that the elastomer or elastic plastic material of the roller covering cadditionally comprises fluorinated polyolefin. Preferably, from 0.2 to 25% by weight of a fluorocarbon plastic, in particular of polytetrafluoroethylene powder or fiber, is incorporated into the roller coating material to improve the ink-repellent properties of the roller covering. In one embodiment, the fluorinated polyolefin is employed in the form of a fibrous material, e.g. a web or the like, provided with the coating material and wrapped around the roller to form a surface layer.

Abstract: A semiconductive rubber roller used in a printer of a photocopying machine, which is an elongated integral body consisting of a shaft of a metal, a semiconductive foamed rubber layer on and around the shaft and a semiconductive solid, i.e. non-foamed, silicone rubber layer on and around the foamed rubber layer. Unexpected improvements can be obtained in the performance and durability of the roller when the silicone rubber forming the solid silicone rubber layer contains low molecular weight organopolysiloxane molecules having a degree of polymerization not exceeding 20 in an amount not exceeding 1.0% by weight and by providing the surface of the semiconductive solid silicone rubber layer with a covering layer which may be a coating layer of a resinous coating composition or a skin layer having a modified nature by a chemical or physical treatment such as ultraviolet irradiation.

Abstract: This invention provides a roller member including a metallic core roller and an unshrinkable sleeve which is heat-welded onto the surface of the roller, which sleeve is formed from an elastomer material and has a Young's modulus of 120-200 MPa. The roller member exhibits enhanced durability, as well as improved cleaning characteristics and charge-imparting or charge-eliminating characteristics.

Abstract: A process for producing a resilient roll having a hard roll core (such as a metal) and a resilient covering layer. In forming the covering layer, a radially inner connecting layer is applied to the roll core and a radially outer functional layer is applied to the connecting layer. In addition, in forming the connecting layer and/or the functional layer, glass fibers and carbon fibers are wound simultaneously onto the roll core, the mixture ratio of glass fibers to carbon fibers being between about 60/40 and 90/10. A roll has an inner connecting layer and an outer functional layer comprising a mixture of glass fibers and carbon fibers, which are embedded in a matrix material and are distributed uniformly over the length of the roll. The mixture ratio of glass fibers to carbon fibers is between about 60/40 and about 90/10.

Abstract: A material for coating an imaging member comprising: a crosslinked poly(dialkylsiloxane), zirconium silicate and optional T-resin.

Abstract: A development roller for developing a latent electrostatic image to a visible toner image with toner, including a surface layer which contains a guanamine-skeleton-containing compound.

Abstract: A roll for smoothing a web, a process for making the roll and a process of repairing the roll. The roll includes a roll core having an outer surface. A covering layer is disposed on the outer surface of the roll core. The covering layer has an inner surface and an outer surface. The covering layer includes an elastic matrix material. The elastic matrix material includes a mixture of at least one thermosetting plastic and at least one thermoplastic. The process of making includes providing a roll core having an outer surface, forming an elastic covering layer including at least one thermosetting plastic and at least one thermoplastic, and applying the covering layer to the outer surface of the roll core. The process of repairing includes heating an elastic covering layer made from an elastic matrix material which comprises at least one thermosetting plastic and at least one thermoplastic, and allowing any markings in a surface of the covering layer to be filled.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for glazing a material web so as to influence or control the transparency of a material web. The material web is guided through at least one nip which is formed by a roller having an elastic covering made, in particular of a plastic reinforced with fibers or appropriate fillers, and an opposing roller. In one embodiment, a primary orientation of the fibers in the covering is selected as a function of the desired glazing result. In another embodiment, the roller surface has uniform nonhomogeneous hardness distribution over a substantial portion of its rolling surface.

Abstract: Calender and process for operating the calender, calender roll and process for forming the calender roll, and a coating for the calender roll. The calender includes at least one calender roll body, and an elastic coating coupled to the at least one calender roll body. The elastic coating includes a colorant to change a color of the elastic coating depending upon a temperature of the elastic coating. The calender roll includes an elastic coating with a colorant, and the elastic coating is adapted to change color depending upon a temperature of the elastic coating. The process for forming the calender roll includes forming an elastic coating that includes a colorant, whereby the elastic coating changes color depending upon a temperature of the elastic coating, and applying the elastic coating to a calender roll body.

Abstract: A roller is provided. The roller includes a ceramic body, an aluminum member attached to the ceramic body, and a shaft attached to the aluminum member.

Abstract: Printing rollers and sleeves for printing rollers can be provided with a high quality top coat composition which can improve various properties such as solvent resistance, cut resistance, and thermal stability (with respect to dimensional stability and hardness stability), and reduce manufacturing time and costs. A polyurethane top coat composition is used with filler present in an amount of from about 15-70% by weight of the coating. The coatings may also include a low density, high hardness foam underlayer which can be applied without a molding operation.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) for conveying abrasive web (16) of indeterminate length, such as photographic media, has first and second closely spaced rollers (12, 14) with at least one of the rollers (12, 14) having a polymeric/inorganic composite media bearing surface (70). The abrasive web or media (16) is disposed between a nip (18) defined by the close spacing between the rollers (12, 14) and is in moving contact with the polymeric/inorganic composite media bearing surface (70) while being conveyed through the nip (18).

Abstract: A toner supply roll including a cylindrical soft polyurethane sponge structure which is integrally formed on a metal shaft and which has a hardness of not higher than 350 g, a network of cells, and a skin layer having openings which are open in its outer circumferential surface and which communicate with respective radially outermost ones of the cells located adjacent to the skin layer, wherein the openings have a size of 100-800 &mgr;m, and a total area percent of at least 20% of the total area of the outer circumferential surface of the skin layer, and the sponge structure has a plurality of helical protrusions formed on the outer circumferential surface of the skin layer so as to extend helically about an axis of the sponge structure, the helical protrusions being arranged in a circumferential direction of the sponge structure, so as to form a plurality of helical recesses each interposed between adjacent ones of the helical protrusions, so that helical protrusions and recesses cooperate to define a toothe

Abstract: In a fusing assembly for fixing toner to a receiver and having a fuser roller and a pressure roller forming a fixing nip, a metering roller, a polymeric release agent is applied to the metering roller and a release agent donor roller for receiving polymeric release agent from the metering roller and applying it to the surface of the fusing roller, the release agent donor roller comprising an outer layer including a silicone material selected so that its swelling in 1000 cts poly(dimethylsiloxane) is less than 6% by weight.

Abstract: A semiconductive roller has an electrically conductive shaft, a roller provided on the shaft formed of silicone rubber with carbon contained therein. The silicone rubber is also added olefin oil and zinc oxide. A method is used for manufacturing a semiconductive roller formed of an electrically conductive shaft. The method includes carrying out a first vulcanization where the semiconductive roller is shaped into a roller and carrying out a second vulcanization where the semiconductive roller is heated at 200° C. for substantially four hours.

Abstract: A tungsten carbide surface is finished to an RMS surface roughness of about 25 nm (1.0 microinch) or less by abrasion using diamond grit particles. The tungsten carbide surface is abraded by a sequence of grit particle-containing abrasive members, such as abrasive films, pastes, or slurries, at least one of the members having an average grit particle diameter of about 2 &mgr;m or less. The finish is enhanced by oscillating the abrasive member back and forth over the tungsten carbide surface. A different speed is used for at least two consecutive films in the series, thereby generating scratches at different angles which can be distinguished. A superfinish, corresponding to a lack of visible scratches at 100× magnification, can be obtained by abrading the tungsten carbide surface with a diamond slurry or paste having grit particles with an average diameter of about 1 &mgr;m or less.

Abstract: A fuser member having a support metallic core and an outer layer of material formed over the metallic core, the outer layer including composite material, including a silicone T-resin; a crosslinked poly(dialkylsiloxane), wherein the poly(dialkylsiloxane) has a weight average molecular weight before crosslinking of about 5,000 to 80,000; and an aryl silane crosslinking agent.

Abstract: A roller for electrophotography is made from a mixture of polyurethane, polydiene, polyether diol, a first conductive filler and a second conductive filler which catalyzes oxidation of the polydiene. The first conductive filler comprises hexahalogenated acetylacetonates. The roller has a very high outer surface electrical resistance from baking the roller to oxidize the polybutadiene. The charge roller is achieved at low production cost and functions well with charging by a DC potential and AC overlay.

Abstract: A conductive roll available at low cost and superior both in moldability and compression set and having small dispersion or fluctuation in electrical resistance includes a shaft and a base rubber layer formed on a peripheral surface of the shaft, the base rubber layer formed of a composition containing the following components (A) to (C): (A) a liquid polymer having a structural unit (.alpha.) derived from at least one of butadiene and isoprene and having an alkenyl group in a side chain thereof; (B) a hydrosilylation crosslinking agent; and (C) a hydrosilylation catalyst. In the conductive roll the alkenyl group of the structural unit (.alpha.

Abstract: A conductive roll to be used as a developing roll, a charging roll, a transfer roll or the like in an electrophotographic apparatus such as a copying machine, a printer or a facsimile, of the present invention comprises a base rubber layer formed on a peripheral surface of a shaft, an intermediate layer formed on a peripheral surface of the base rubber layer, and a surface layer formed on a peripheral surface of the intermediate layer, the surface layer being composed of a resin composition comprising:(A) a silicone-grafted acrylic polymer which comprises repeating units represented by the following general formula (1), wherein an acrylic polymer portion of the silicone-grafted acrylic polymer exclusive of a structural portion derived from a siloxane has a glass-transition temperature of -35 to 30.degree. C.:--(Y).sub.k -- --(Z).sub.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a magnetic roll for use in an electrophotographic printing machine of the type having an electrostatic latent image recorded on a photoconductive member is provided. The method includes the steps of placing a shaft in a mold cavity and molding a core in the mold cavity with the shaft in the cavity. The core defines a pocket on the periphery of the core. The method further includes the step of attaching a magnet to the pocket.

Abstract: A fuser member having improved toner offset release and wear characteristics. The outermost layer comprises a fluoroelastomer with thermally conductive fillers which are surface treated with a coupling agent that is interactive with the fluoroelastomer and with a release agent which may, optionally, be used on the surface of the fluoroelastomer layer.