Abstract: A device for training purposes or recreational activities using structures having a range of properties. The training device may include a board made of wood (or other material such as metal, rubber, plastic, or a combination thereof) and one or more suspension assemblies coupled to the bottom surface of the board. The assembly is adapted to be coupled to a longitudinal or a lateral slot on the board. The slots allow a user to longitudinally and laterally move the assembly without uncoupling it from the board, thereby allowing the user to easily position and re-position the assembly on the board to change the performance of the training device. Each of the assemblies may include an inflatable base having a polygon or circular shape. The base is for providing a cushioning effect when the board impacts the ground after a user performs an aerial maneuver.

Abstract: Mattresses including a chassis core including a rigid or semi-rigid base sheet; a plurality of flat springs spaced apart from one another in parallel rows, wherein each one of the plurality of flat springs comprises a first terminal end, a second terminal end, and a flexible arcuate member extending from the first terminal end to the second terminal end, and wherein a center of an arc defined by the arcuate member is fixedly attached to the rigid base sheet; a body support disk disposed on each one of the first and second terminal ends. The body support disk supports the load of an individual. In some embodiments, the body support disk is pivotably connected to each terminal end.

Abstract: An anti-bedsore bed may comprise a bed unit, a first bed body, and a second bed body. The bed unit has a first mattress, and a bottom portion is coupled on a bottom surface thereof. Moreover, the bottom portion comprises six supporting units evenly arranged into three sets at positions corresponding to a user's upper, middle and lower back, and each of the supporting units has a sliding block moveably mounted on an upper surface of the bottom portion. Furthermore, each of the sliding blocks has a supporting rod, and an abutting unit is pivotally connected to an upper end of the supporting rod. The supporting rods are configured to move upwardly in a preset time interval, and the abutting units are adapted to uplift a user's body to detach from the first mattress for a designed time, thereby achieving the anti-bedsore effect.

Abstract: A mattress assembly is described that permits the placement of a fitted sheet without lifting the mattress assembly. The mattress assembly includes a mattress substrate configured to rest on a surface or bed frame (i.e. box spring), and one or more notches configured to form recesses that accommodate a human hand and retain a fitted sheet. In some embodiments, the notches are located at the corners of the mattress substrate. In other embodiments, the notches can be continuous, forming a groove around the perimeter of the mattress substrate.

Abstract: A pocket spring core for a bedding or seating cushion comprises an array of pocket springs. The array of pocket springs comprises fully active springs (10) respectively enclosed in an associated pocket (35) of fabric. Each fully active spring (10) respectively has a central spiral portion (20) with at least one turn and defining a spring axis (13), an unknotted first end turn (21) defining a first end of the fully active spring (10), and an unknotted second end turn (22) defining an opposing second end of the fully active spring (10). Each fully active spring (10) has a rest shape in which the first end turn (21) and the second end turn (22) have a finite pitch angle, so that the first end turn (21) and the second end turn (22) contribute to a spring force of the fully active spring (10).

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of making a spring core (12) for a bedding or seating product (10). The spring core (12) has coil springs (26) having unknotted end turns (72, 74) made from high tensile strength wire. In each embodiment, the end turns (72, 74) of the coil springs (26) are generally U-shaped having one arcuate leg (76) longer than the other (78), the legs (76, 78) being joined by a connector (80) having an arcuate bump (81) therein. The springs (26) are oriented in the spring core (12) such that a long leg (76) of one end turn (72) abuts a short leg (78) of the adjacent end turn (72) prior to being wrapped in helical lacing wire (32). The high tensile wire enables the coil springs (26) to be manufactured using less wire than heretofore possible.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a bedding or seating product (10) having a spring core (12) comprising coil springs (26) having unknotted end turns (72, 74) made from high tensile strength wire. In each embodiment, the end turns (72, 74) of the coil springs (26) are generally U-shaped having one arcuate leg (76) longer than the other (78), the legs (76, 78) being joined by a connector (80) having an arcuate bump (81) therein. The springs (26) are oriented in the spring core (12) such that a long leg (76) of one end turn (72) abuts a short leg (78) of the adjacent end turn (72) prior to being wrapped in helical lacing wire (32). The high tensile wire enables the coil springs (26) to be manufactured using less wire than heretofore possible.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a bedding or seating product (10) having a spring core (12) comprising coil springs (26) having unknotted end turns (72, 74) made from high tensile strength wire. In each embodiment, the end turns (72, 74) of the coil springs (26) are generally U-shaped having one arcuate leg (76) longer than the other (78), the legs (76, 78) being joined by a connector (80) having an arcuate bump (81) therein. The springs (26) are oriented in the spring core (12) such that a long leg (76) of one end turn (72) abuts a short leg (78) of the adjacent end turn (72) prior to be wrapped in helical lacing wire (32). The high tensile wire enables the coil springs (26) to be manufactured using less wire than heretofore possible.

Abstract: A stackable wire core assembly for a bedding foundation which may be nestably stacked with numerous other such assemblies for transportation, thereby avoiding the need to compress and tie the assembly for shipping. The wire core assembly includes an upper wire grid, including a border wire and support wires extending between the ends of the border wire. Each support wire has resilient portions extending downwardly from the plane of the upper wire grid, each resilient portion having a flat bottom adapted to be secured to a wooden base frame and curved arms extending upwardly from opposed ends of the flat bottom.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a bedding or seating product (10) having a spring core (12) comprising coil springs (26) having unknotted end turns (72, 74) made from high tensile strength wire. In each embodiment, the end turns (72, 74) of the coil springs (26) are generally U-shaped having one arcuate leg (76) longer than the other (78), the legs (76, 78) being joined by a connector (80) having an arcuate bump (81) therein. The springs (26) are oriented in the spring core (12) such that a long leg (76) of one end turn (72) abuts a short leg (78) of the adjacent end turn (72) prior to be wrapped in helical lacing wire (32). The high tensile wire enables the coil springs (26) to be manufactured using less wire than heretofore possible.

Abstract: A mattress innerspring having coil-in-coil springs arranged in an array. Each coil-in-coil spring an outside helical coil and an inside helical coil, wherein the outside helical coil has a greater height and diameter than the inside helical coil, each coil having a dual spring rate between that of the outside helical coil and the combined spring rates of the outside and inside helical coils. The coil-in-coil springs may be pocketed or unpocketed in a mattress innerspring.

Abstract: A stackable wire core assembly for a bedding foundation which may be nestably stacked with numerous other such assemblies for transportation, thereby avoiding the need to compress and tie the assembly for shipping. The wire core assembly includes an upper wire grid including a border wire and support wires extending between the ends of the border wire. Each support wire has resilient portions extending downwardly from the plane of the upper wire grid, each resilient portion having a flat bottom adapted to be secured to a wooden base frame and curved arms extending upwardly from opposed ends of the flat bottom.

Abstract: A mattress carrier (1) comprising a first part (3) which comprises a support surface (2) for supporting a mattress which is positioned on top of the support surface (2) and a second part (4) supporting the first part (3), the first part (3) being resilient in height direction and partially compressible when subjected to a load, characterised in that the first part (3) comprises a resilient insert (11) and in that the resilient insert (11) comprises a reversibly compressible substantially diamagnetic material which is substantially air-permeable.

Abstract: Innerspring coils for innersprings for mattresses and other reflexive support structures, have generally helical coil bodies and at least one non-helical segment or step which extends between one or both axial ends of the coil body and one or both of the coil ends. The step or steps may be linear or non-linear, and parallel to or angularly disposed with respect to a longitudinal axis of the coil body. When located proximate to a coil end, the step extends out of the plane in which the coil end lies. One or more steps may alternatively be formed intermediate to helical turns of the helical coil body.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a bedding or seating product having a spring core comprising coil springs having unknotted end turns made from high tensile strength wire. In each embodiment, the end turns of the coil springs are generally U-shaped having one leg longer than the other, the legs being joined by an arcuate connector. The springs are oriented in the spring core such that a long leg of one end turn abuts a short leg of the adjacent end turn prior to be wrapped in helical lacing wire. The high tensile wire enables the coil springs to be manufactured using less wire than heretofore possible.

Abstract: A mattress spring structure (10) is provided with a strengthened central area (C) thereon to provide greater support for a user's body lumbar region when received thereon. The support is provided with a strengthening structure (30) having a continuous frame member (54) and a strengthening pattern (53). The continuous frame (54) encircles coil springs (12) over a major expanse of the mattress's central area (C); this frame is connected to mattress coils along the frames longitudinal (34, 36) and traverse (38, 40) segments. The strengthening pattern (53) has two metal bars (51, 52) arranged inside and connected to the continuous frame member (54). The strengthening pattern (53) may be connected to the spring coils (12) and contain additional metal straps (56, 59).

Abstract: The invention concerns a mattress spring structure that includes multiple spring assemblies. Each spring assembly comprises an array of open-ended spring coils. The spring assemblies are arranged in superimposed relationship with the individual spring coils of the respective assemblies registering in vertical alignment with one another. A membrane extends between each pair of superimposed assemblies and the assemblies are connected to one another to form a unitary structure.

Abstract: The invention concerns inner spring assemblies for mattresses, typically bed mattresses. The invention proposes an inner spring assembly having open-ended coil springs arranged in first rows and second rows transverse to the first rows and a connecting arrangement which connects the coil springs to form a unitary assembly. For ease of manufacture all the coil springs in the assembly are of the same hand, those in the first rows are oriented similarly to all other springs in the same first row and in at least some of the second rows there are springs which are oriented oppositely to other coil springs in the same second row.

Abstract: A mattress spring structure (10) is provided with a strengthened central area (C) thereon to provide greater support for a user's body lumbar region when received thereon. The support is provided with a strengthening structure (30) having a continuous frame member (54) and a strengthening pattern (53). The continuous frame (54) encircles coil springs (12) over a major expanse of the mattress's central area (C); this frame is connected to mattress coils along the frames longitudinal (34, 36) and traverse (38, 40) segments. The strengthening pattern (53) has two metal bars (51, 52) arranged inside and connected to the continuous frame member (54). The strengthening pattern (53) may be connected to the spring coils (12) and contain additional metal straps (56, 59).

Abstract: An innerspring assembly comprising at least two sets of coil springs. In one embodiment, a first set of coil springs has a first elevation, a second set of coil springs has a second elevation different from the first elevation, and wherein one of the first and second sets of coil springs is compressed upon initial loading of the innerspring assembly, and wherein each of the first and second sets of coil springs is compressed upon continued loading of the innerspring assembly. In another embodiment, a first set of coil springs is pre-loaded to a first compressed state and a second set of the coil springs is pre-loaded to a second compressed state that exhibits a different degree of firmness relative to the first compressed state. In yet another embodiment, a first set of the coil springs has a barrel-shaped outer profile while a second set of the coil springs has an hourglass-shaped outer profile.

Abstract: A mattress construction with a stranded wire spring is disclosed. The stranded wire spring can be designed with the same performance characteristic as a conventional single strand coil spring, but at a lower manufacturing and material cost.

Abstract: A bedding or seating product comprises a pocketed spring assembly having a plurality of parallel strings of springs joined to each other. Each of said strings of springs comprises a row of interconnected pockets, each of the pockets containing at least one spring encased in a fabric pocket. Some of the pockets contain two coil springs, an outer spring and an inner spring, the inner spring extending between the end turns of the outer spring and being wound generally coaxially with the outer spring. The end turns of the inner and outer coil springs are adjacent one another.

Abstract: A spring cushion assembly, particularly for mattresses, comprises a plurality of spring coils aligned with one another in parallel linear spring coil rows and parallel linear spring coil columns perpendicular to the spring coil rows, each spring coil being of a configuration producing a tendency to incline laterally when compressed, with each spring coil row and each spring coil column comprising spring coils oriented relative to one another to incline in opposing directions for counteracting the tendency of the spring coils to incline.

Abstract: A method of making low density spring interior assemblies having rectangular arrays of spring positions, some of which are occupied by individual coil springs and some of which are empty, is provided. Preferably, the array is formed of rows of alternating springs and empty positions laced to similar rows offset from each other in a staggered arrangement so that spaces and springs alternate both transversely and longitudinally. Preferably the springs are unknotted. The assemblies are automatically formed on a system that includes at least one coil former, at least one conveyor, a transfer station or mechanism and a spring interior assembly machine. A coil former forms and loads springs individually onto a conveyor. The transfer station transfers rows of coils to the assembly machine, which laces rows of coils together in the array.

Abstract: A bedding or seating product comprising a spring core made up of a plurality of parallel strings of springs joined to each other. Each of the strings of springs comprises a row of interconnected pocketed coil springs. The pocket of fabric surrounding each of these coil springs is divided into at least two subpockets by at least one line of attachment of opposite sides of the fabric to each other. Each of these subpockets contains one portion of the coil spring, thus resulting in a multilayered product.

Abstract: A box spring or other cushioning member for laying a mattress thereon which has a padded fabric cover over the upper wall and peripheral side walls to present a finished appearance and to provide protective padded surfaces for those handling such box springs or other cushioning members. The padded fabric cover is releasably secured to the box spring or other member, and it includes an upper fabric panel as well as a padded fabric peripheral side wall panel whose upper peripheral edge is sewn to the peripheral edge of the upper fabric panel. The padded fabric peripheral side wall panel extends outwardly and downwardly from the upper fabric panel and terminates in a free peripheral edge which overhangs the lower wall of the box spring or other member.

Abstract: A bed coil spring unit comprises a plurality of joined and interconnected spring cell units and a method of manufacturing the same. Each spring cell unit comprises a plurality of coil springs within long legs which long legs are used to form the coil springs. Each spring cell unit has a generally vertical axis. The coil springs which make up each spring cell unit are positioned symmetrically about the central axis. The plurality of coil springs in each spring cell unit conveniently numbers four(4).

Abstract: Described is a spring core for a mattress, consisting of a multiplicity of identically shaped spiral springs with in each case two end rings lying diametrically opposite each other, which change to a spring coil part arranged centered between them, whereby the end rings are shaped approximately circular and consist essentially of two assembly legs, one transition leg and one additional leg and are opened on one side, whereby the leg lying opposite the respective open side of the upper or lower end ring is bent radially outward with respect to the longitudinal axis of the spring.

Abstract: An innerspring structure for a mattress comprises a plurality of outer coils extending generally parallel with each other to collectively form top and bottom face surfaces of the innerspring structure. One or more of the outer coils has an inner coil of preferably similar shape wound within and generally coaxially with the respective outer coil. Helical lacing wire wraps adjacent end turns of the inner and outer coaxially aligned coils together to form reinforced coil units in an area of the innerspring structure to increase the firmness of an area of the mattress utilizing the invention. Helical lacing wire connects the coils of the structure together and connects the end turns of peripheral coils to a border wire surrounding the periphery of the structures at the top and bottom face surfaces.

Abstract: A spring interior comprising a plurality of longitudinally extending bands of springs disposed side by side and connected together by helical lacing wires in the top and bottom faces of the bands. Each band of springs comprises a single length of wire formed into a plurality of substantially vertical coil springs interconnected by interconnecting segments of wire located alternately in the top and bottom faces of the bands. The endmost coil springs of each row are interlaced for the length of the coil with the next adjacent coil of the same row such that the axes of the last two coils in each row are substantially coaxial.

Abstract: A spring interior comprising a plurality of longitudinally extending bands of springs disposed side by side and connected together by helical lacing wires in the top and bottom faces of the bands. Each band of springs comprises a single length of wire formed into a plurality of substantially vertical interconnected by interconnecting segments of wire coils of springs located alternately in the top and bottom faces of the bands. Each interconnecting segment comprises a longitudinally extending bridging portion and a transversely extending padding support structure. The padding support structure is angled upwardly away from the top face of the band and downwardly away from the bottom face of the band so as to impart initial softness and subsequent increased firmness to the spring interior when the spring unit is vertically compressed.

Abstract: An adjustable coil seat is provided which utilizes the combination of a plurality of parallel rows of sinuous springs which are connected at opposite ends of the frame, at least one row of tapered conical coil springs in transverse relation to the sinuous springs and positioned in supporting relationship under the sinuous springs at a location between the ends of the sinuous springs, and a rigid cross-support beam structure which supports the bottom end of the tapered coiled springs. The cross support structure may be of adjustable height to vary pretension of the spring mechanism.

Abstract: A bent wire spring module embodying a clamp element at the upper end interengageable with the cross wire of a grid frame without requiring the formation of deviations in the cross wire to which it is attached.

Abstract: A spring assembly wherein there is a rectangular border wire and there are coils disposed in spaced, parallel rows within the border wire. The coils in the rows of coils lap and are connected by helices of wire. The helices of wire connect the adjacent rows of coils, and the coils adjacent the border wire are connected thereto by a helix of wire.

Abstract: A spring assembly for mattresses, innersprings, and the like. The assembly comprises rows of coils, each row comprising a continuous length of wire formed into a plurality of coils interconnected by Z-shaped wire segments alternately disposed at the top and bottom of the coils. Adjacent rows of coils are connected by helical wire wound through overlapping sections of the Z-shaped wire segments. The overlapping connected sections are straight, flat offset sections located on opposite sides of each coil with the center of each overlapped section being located in a common diametral plane of the coil so that complete compression of the coil does not result in the coil being pulled laterally, twisted and distorted.

Abstract: A box spring comprises a rectangular base frame, a wire grid, and a plurality of parallel rows of coil springs supporting the grid atop the base frame. Each row of coil springs is made from a single continuous length of wire in which adjacent coils are interconnected by an interconnecting segment of the wire. Each interconnecting segment is in the form of a generally diagonally extending bar having substantially parallel end portions interconnected at the center by an offset section, which offset section is formed by rotating the offset section relative to the parallel end portions while the end portions are restrained against rotation.

Abstract: A bedding mattress, including a spring assembly having top and bottom parallel surfaces, padding over the top and bottom surfaces, and an upholstered covering completely encasing said spring assembly and padding. The spring assembly comprises multiple parallel rows of coil springs, each row of which is formed from a single continuous length of wire with each row containing a plurality of coils interconnected by connector segments. The rows of coils are interconnected by helical springs extending parallel to the rows and alternately wound around endmost turns of coils in a pair of adjacent rows of coils. The connector segment which interconnects the coils of each row comprises a generally diagonally extending connector bar having parallel end portions connected at the center by an offset section, which offset section is formed by rotation of the offset section relative to the end portions of the connector bar while the end portions of the connector bar are restrained against rotation.

Abstract: A spring coil has an open-ended terminal convolution which is connected to the body of the coil through a gradient arm. The gradient arm can be readily varied in length in manufacture to alter the compression and thereby the firmness of the spring coil. Offset portions are advantageously formed on terminal convolutions with a major straight part which is outwardly spaced from minor straight parts. This provides a three point engagement for the offset portion when connected to a border wire with a border wire helical spring. The offset portions of the spring coils have inside and outside shoulders adjacent their ends. The pitch of cross-helicals which join overlapped offset portions is chosen so that a cross-helical simultaneously engages the outside shoulders of one of a pair of overlapped offset portions to firmly hold the spring coil against rotation. The cross-helical preferably also catches the inside shoulders of the other overlapped portion to additionally hold that spring coil against rotation.

Abstract: A bedding foundation comprising a lower base frame, an upper wire grid and a plurality of novel spring elements interposed between the base frame and the wire grid. Each of the spring elements comprises two discrete lengths of spring wire, each of which has a center portion and two free end portions. The center portions of the discrete lengths of wire are twisted about one another to form an elongated, vertically oriented center portion of the spring element from which there extend a pair of upper spring arms and a pair of lower spring arms, the spring arms being formed by the free end portions of the two discrete lengths of spring wire.

Abstract: A spring element for bedding and furniture which can be constructed in a simple manner but will not tend to come apart in ordinary use. The spring element includes a laterally extending pair of parallel wires and a longitudinally extending pair of parallel wires atop the laterally extending wires. The pairs of wires are welded to one another at their crossing points to form a seat for engaging the open top loop of a coil spring, and the ends of the wires are connected to a framework. Each longitudinally extending wire has a depressed portion between the crossing points extending beneath the laterally extending wires. The top loop of the spring is snapped into engagement with the pairs of wires, so that the top loop is sealed above the depressed portions of the longitudinally extending wires and beneath the laterally extending wires and so that the top of the free end portions of the top loop is biased against the bottom of one of the laterally extending wires.

Abstract: A bedding foundation box spring having novel double twist coil springs interconnecting a wooden base frame and a top wire grid. The coil springs each comprise a single length of wire having a middle section located in a diametral plane of one end convolution of the spring and a pair of spring arms coiled in the same rotational direction from opposite ends of the middle section. Each of the spring arms is formed into a helix of varying pitch which terminates in a free end of the spring arm. The free ends of the two spring arms of each coil are located on opposite sides of the end convolution of the coil and are secured to the wire grid. The novel coils are manufactured by inserting a straight length of wire through a stationary pair of forming dies and a mandrel located between the dies. With the middle of the straight length of wire located in the mandrel, the mandrel is then simultaneously rotated and moved axially while the ends of the length of wire are pulled through the stationary forming dies.

Abstract: A coil spring unit having a series of coil springs connected together in column and row matrix configuration, the end loops of the coil springs being open loops that terminate in free ends, i.e., the end loops of the coil springs not being closed and knotted. The coil spring assembly method comprises forming a series of coil spring rows, each row being formed from a single continuous length of spring wire. Each intermediate spring within a row has an adjacent coil spring on one side directly connected at one end of that intermediate spring, and an adjacent coil spring on the other side directly connected at the other end of that coil spring, through use of connector sections that are part of the single continuous length of spring wire used to form that row. The pre-formed rows thereafter are connected in matrix form. After the rows have been connected in matrix configuration, the connector sections are selectively cut between adjacent springs on both sides of each intermediate spring.

Abstract: A spring core comprises a plurality of coil springs 10 each made of a single, continuous piece of wire having two open ended final windings 11 which are approximately U-shaped. The coil springs are held together by spiral shaped connecting elements 30 enclosing the straight lateral arms 12, 13 of the final windings.

Abstract: A bed spring assembly and a supporting rectangular steel frame structure incorporating leg supports, the frame structure including cross beams which in certain embodiments are prestressed in tension or compression to obtain maximum load support without sagging and wherein the springs of the spring assembly are directly fastened to hooks or eyes formed on the cross beams. The invention also discloses round and square corner frame constructions and an attachment if the spring assembly upholstery to either metal frame by providing a hem with a wire threaded therein in the lower edge portion of the skirt of the fabric and pinning the edge portion about the wire to the metal frame or in another embodiment by providing flanges about the lower edge of the frame to which the fabric is clamped.

Abstract: A core spring assembly combines the use of rows and/or columns of round coil springs with rows and/or columns of rectangular torsion bar coil springs, all interconnected in a top plane by a welded wire grid so as to create a spring core assembly for a bedding mattress or box spring. In one preferred form, the rectangular torsion bar coil springs are located about the periphery of the spring assembly while in another embodiment the rectangular torsion bar coil springs are all located in the center one-third of the spring assembly so as to increase the firmness of that center section of the unit.

Abstract: A spring assembly for mattresses, innersprings, and the like. The assembly comprises longitudinal rows of coils, each row comprising a continuous length of wire formed into a plurality of coils interconnected by Z-shaped wire segments alternately disposed at the top and bottom of the coils. Adjacent rows of coils are connected by longitudinally extending helical lacing wires wound through overlapping Z-shaped wire segments. By lacing the rows of coils longitudinally, the spacing between adjacent coils may be varied in selected longitudinal sections of the unit so as to vary the coil count and thus the firmness of selected areas of the assembly, as for example the center section. Furthermore, by so lacing the rows of coils, a single set-up of forming and assembly machine may be used to manufacture various widths of mattresses, as for example, twin, double or queen and king size units.

Abstract: A chair or similar article of furniture is disclosed in which a plurality of individually adjustable spring members are incorporated into the chair structure so that specific areas of the chair may be adjusted to conform to or correctively support portions of the body of the person placed in the chair.

Abstract: A mattress box spring and method of assembly comprising a plurality of substantially conical coil springs rigidly fastened at the spring ends of lesser diameter to a support frame such that the spring end coils of greater diameter lie in a substantially common plane, a wire mesh coated with elastomeric material overlying the end coils in the common plane with the spring end coils being unattached or free-floating with respect to the mesh and with respect to each other, and a cloth cover or pad disposed over the mesh and having a periphery attached to the frame to hold the assembly together. Preferably, the diameter of each spring end coil lying in the common plane is greater than the corresponding spring height. The coating on the wire mesh, which preferably is of latex material, provides enhanced frictional contact between the mesh and springs, and also deadens rattling between the opposing spring and mesh surfaces.

Abstract: A coil spring assembly for mattresses and box springs in which the coil springs are arranged in lengthwise and crosswise rows in the assembly with the outermost coil springs in each of the rows and in the middle rows extending lengthwise and crosswise of the spring assembly being formed of coil springs of greater firmness than the coil springs immediately adjacent the outermost rows and the middle rows but in which the number of rows formed of coil springs of greater firmness is at least equal to if not greater than the number of rows of coil springs of less firmness.

Abstract: An improved single cone coil spring and an improved box spring assembly made from the improved single cone coil springs. The box spring assembly comprises a base frame, a series of the improved small diameter single cone coil springs and a welded wire grid, the coil springs being connected at their bottom ends to the base frame and connected at their top ends to the welded wire grid. The coil springs are established in a plurality of rows and columns throughout the box spring assembly, at least one transverse wire and at least one longitudinal wire of the wire grid span all coil springs within each row and column, respectively. Further, a supplemental transverse wire is positioned between adjacent coil spring rows, and is of a length equal to at least one of the coil springs' transverse wires adjacent thereto. All crossover points of all the grid's transverse and longitudinal wires are welded to establish the welded wire grid.