Abstract: A foldable survival stretcher is an apparatus that enables the user to carry an injured person without help from another person during emergencies. The apparatus is a practical stretcher that can be easily and quickly deployed so that the user can transport the injured person to safety in various emergency situations. The apparatus includes a stretcher canvas, a pair of pulling straps, a head-restraining band, a chest-retraining band, a pelvis-restraining band, and a feet-restraining pocket. The stretcher canvas is a resilient structure able to support the injured person while the user carries the injured person using the apparatus. The pair of pulling straps enables the user to carry the stretcher canvas like a backpack. The head-restraining band, the chest-restraining band, and the pelvis-restraining band help secure the injured person to the stretcher canvas. The feet-restraining pocket also helps secure the feet of the injured person to the stretcher canvas.

Abstract: A rescue litter relates generally to a person, animal, and provisions carrying apparatus for purposes of human or animal recovery and relief missions. The carrying apparatus has commonalities with portable beds. The rescue litter aids manually carrying a casualty. The rescue litter comprises a stretcher sheet. The rescue litter also comprises at least one strap along the stretcher sheet to support the weight of the casualty. The stretcher sheet comprises guides to direct progressive motion of the strap(s) from a strap holder on the stretcher sheet where the strap(s) is/are held, to a head end where the strap(s) is/are free to grasp.

Abstract: Described is a rollup evacuation sled that includes a bottom sheet, a foam mattress disposed above the bottom sheet, and a support sheet disposed above the mattress. A margin stack including the bottom sheet and the support sheet forms a sandwiched margin left side and a sandwiched margin right side. The sled may further include a plurality of spinal boards disposed between the bottom sheet and the mattress in the upper section of the bottom sheet. Wheel assemblies are mounted on each spinal board. The sled further includes a foot pouch coupled to the sandwiched margin left and right sides and dimensioned to substantially enclose feet and calves of a person lying on the support sheet. The foot pouch is configured to store a stack including the bottom sheet, mattress and the support sheet, when the stack is rolled up along a longitudinal direction from the head end.

Abstract: A tool-free light box is provided. Specifically, a top profile, a bottom profile, and vertical rod profiles are spliced on the periphery to form a closed frame. Each profile is provided with two or more hollow cavities, and each end portion of the profile is provided with two or more round holes. An inner wall of the profile is provided with a notch connected to a wiring profile, and a wire passes through a hollow cavity of the wiring profile. Two ends of the wire are connected to a conductive insertion hole, and the conductive insertion hole is embedded into an end portion of the wiring profile. A connector is arranged between the profiles, and the connector is provided with a protruding end. The protruding end is inserted into the hollow cavity of the profile, and a lug boss is arranged on the protruding end.

Abstract: Described is a bariatric version of foldup evacuation sled that includes a bottom sheet, a mattress disposed above the bottom sheet, and a support sheet disposed above the mattress. A margin stack including the bottom sheet and the support sheet forms a sandwiched margin left side and a sandwiched margin right side. The sled may further include a plurality of spinal boards disposed between the bottom sheet and the mattress. Wheel assemblies are mounted on each spinal board. The sled further includes a leg/torso cover coupled to the bottom sheet and dimensioned to substantially enclose legs and lower torso of the person when the leg/torso cover is folded upward over the person lying on the support sheet.

Abstract: A field stretcher (102) comprising a patient carrying portion (104), a region thereof being operable to form a patient retaining pocket (150) for retaining the patient on the stretcher, in use and wherein the field stretcher further comprises attachment means operable to allow attachment of a detachable base plate. The invention also extends to a detachable base plate (202) comprising attachment means (270) operable to allow attachment of the base place to the field stretcher, a sheltering means and a field stretcher assembly (302) and field stretcher kit of such.

Abstract: In accordance with one or more embodiments of the invention, a stand up device is presented, including a substantially ring-shaped grip portion, a height adjustment tube, a frame, a securing mechanism, and a plurality of legs. The stand up device provides additional support when installed with a mattress, and facilitates getting up from, and standing up from, a bed.

Abstract: An Easy Release Backboard Strap Clip is a stab lock type of clip mounted to a swivel. The clip may be squeezed to open the pads of the clip. The clip is utilized in a backboard in conjunction with backboard straps to retain, secure and restrain a patient being transferred into and out of an emergency medical vehicle. The clip provides an easy means of opening and closing the clip.

Abstract: The embodiments described and claimed herein are a restraint system for securing a wheeled mobility device and its occupant in a vehicle. In one embodiment, occupant restraints and an anchor point are provided. The occupant restraints are connected directly to the anchor point, while the anchor point is on a frame of the wheeled mobility device and is adapted for connection to the vehicle for securing the wheeled mobility device and its occupant to the vehicle. With this configuration, occupant loads during an accident will bypass the gurney and occupant head excursions can be reduced.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an apparatus resembling a rescue backboard for the extrication of individuals in scenarios wherein the individual requires attention, such as medical attention. In particular, the invention surrounds an apparatus and method providing a board which permits folding for increased stowage, and directional arrest features which assist in extricating a victim from a water-borne environment by preventing the victim from sliding back into the water after partial extrication.

Abstract: A hunting chair is provided. The hunting chair includes a seat, a seat support structure coupled to the seat at an angle, and a back support. The seat support structure consists of two legs and at least one cross rail connecting the two legs. The back support is positioned between the two legs above the seat.

Abstract: A spinal immobilization board (1) comprising a support body (2) adapted to support the torso and the head of a person; at least one apical anchoring strap (5) configured to secure the head of the person; and an anchoring belt (9) configured to secure a portion of the torso of the person. The board (1) further comprises a gripping means (11) comprising a first and a second lifting handle (12, 13) that are arranged in a respective perimeter portion of the board (1) and extend outwardly from the board. The first and second lifting handles (12, 13) are active on a portion of the board (1) adapted to be arranged near the armpits of the person in a handling condition of the board (1).

Abstract: A stretcher including a flexible base panel sized to support a person lying thereon during a rescue or extrication operation. The base panel includes a header end and an opposite footer end, and further includes a plurality of securement straps coupled to the base panel to help restrain the injured person and prevent further injury that may be caused such as by having the person roll off the sides of the stretcher. The disclosure further relates to a method of deploying the stretcher to access and remove an injured person from a confined area to provide treatment.

Abstract: A compact, portable sled for transporting a person comprises a flexible panel, sheet portions and strapping. The flexible panel has head and foot portions, first and second sides, a sled length, and a sled width. The flexible panel is constructed of a wear resistant material for dragging over rough terrain. The sheet portions made of limp material that is less resistant to wear than the flexible panel. One sheet portion is attached to and extends laterally outward from the first side of the flexible panel. Another sheet portion is attached to and extends laterally outward from the second side of the flexible panel. The flexible panel and sheet portions are collapsible to a compact configuration and expandable from the compact configuration to a use configuration in which the person may be received on the sled for transporting. The strapping is used to secure the person in the sled.

Abstract: A strap for carrying a human body comprises a plurality of longitudinal fixing straps arranged in parallel and at intervals, a plurality of transverse fixing straps arranged in parallel and at intervals and a plurality of securing pieces. Each longitudinal fixing strap overlaps with each transverse fixing strap, each securing piece respectively connects a longitudinal fixing straps and a transverse fixing straps, two ends of each longitudinal fixing strap are adjustably connected to form a loop, and two ends of each transverse fixing strap adjustably connected to form a loop. The strap further comprises a bearing bed arranged between the longitudinal fixing straps, each transverse fixing strap is superposed on the bearing bed, one side of which is defined as a bearing surface, and the longitudinal fixing strap and the transverse fixing strap to form loops on the bearing surface.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an apparatus resembling a rescue backboard for the extrication of individuals in scenarios wherein the individual requires attention, such as medical attention. In particular, the invention surrounds an apparatus and method for the extrication of an individual requiring medical attention from a water-borne environments.

Abstract: A reconfigurable portable load bearing structure which can be configured into an extended load bearing configuration or a collapsed configuration, comprising of a first, second and third plurality of rail segments that are each rotatably coupled together and a plurality of support segments or pads which are configured to selectively couple and latch into one of a plurality of positions on said first, second and third plurality of rail segments.

Abstract: The present invention is a support apparatus for an attendant manually transporting an individual from a first rest surface to a second rest surface, the support apparatus including a flexible planar element with a thickness dimension, the flexible planar element having a first end portion and an opposing second end portion, and a first side margin portion and an opposing second side margin portion, that all combine to form a peripheral portion of the flexible planar element. Further included is a flexible annular beam that is disposed on the peripheral portion, the beam having a short beam dimension thicker than the flexible planar element thickness dimension, wherein operationally the beam helps give a degree of stiffness to the flexible planar element and helps to provide a grasping handhold for the attendant along the peripheral portion.

Abstract: An emergency stretcher carries a patient and comprises an upper part, for the torso and head of the patient, and a lower, for the legs of the patient, that can be adapted and configured for use in accordance to different types of injuries suffered by injured patients or those that need medical assistance such that the patient may be immobilized and carried in a much safer way.

Abstract: A patient evacuation sled has a bottom plastic sheet and a foam layer disposed thereabove. At least one spinal board is disposed between the bottom sheet and the foam layer, and a patient support plastic sheet is disposed above the foam layer. The bottom sheet, the foam layer, and the patient support sheet form a sandwiched portion configured to underlie a patient; peripheral edge portions of the bottom sheet and the patient support sheet are coupled together with substantially no foam layer therebetween. Plural horizontal straps are disposed substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the sled, and are coupled to the peripheral edge portions, and configured to, when tightened, at least partially enclose said patient in a cylindrically shaped cocoon. Plural wheel assemblies are coupled to each spinal board, at least a portion of each wheel assembly extends through corresponding holes in the bottom sheet.

Abstract: A method of mounting a spinal rod extension includes accessing at least a portion of an existing spinal rod. The method also includes removing a locking cap from an existing pedicle screw that secures the existing spinal rod. The method also includes placing a connector portion of the spinal rod extension through a screw head of the existing pedicle screw. The method further includes using a connector to secure the connector portion to the existing spinal rod.

Abstract: A support apparatus (e.g., stretcher, back board, etc.) with double roller assembly. The apparatus includes a main frame, a first housing containing at least one wheel (e.g., gear, pulley, sprocket, roller) around which a first sheet and/or a second sheet is coiled. The opposite ends of the sheets are coupled to vertically- and horizontally-displaced lead and trail rollers in the double roller assembly, one sheet for each roller. The apparatus further includes a second housing containing at least one wheel around which a chain or belt is disposed. One or both ends of the chain/belt is coupled to the double roller assembly. In operation, a patient is positioned within the main frame, and the sheets extend underneath the patient. The belt/chain mechanism can also help urge extension of the sheets. When the sheets are fully extended underneath the patient, the patient is fully supported and can be transported.

Abstract: A reconfigurable portable load bearing structure which can be configured into an extended load bearing configuration or a collapsed configuration, comprising of a first, second and third plurality of rail segments that are each rotatably coupled together and a plurality of support segments or pads which are configured to selectively couple and latch into one of a plurality of positions on said first, second and third plurality of rail segments.

Abstract: A spinal rod extension includes a rod portion, a connector portion, a lip, and a connector. The connector portion is mounted to the rod portion. The connector portion is configured for insertion through a screw head of an existing pedicle screw that is used to secure an existing spinal rod. The lip is mounted to the rod portion, and is configured to engage at least a portion of an end of the existing spinal rod. The connector is configured to secure the connector portion to the existing spinal rod.

Abstract: A harness system for a patient transport apparatus. The harness system comprises one or more harness assemblies. Each harness assembly comprises a flexible restraint member formed of a coated fabric and comprising one or more joints in which stitches join sections of the coated fabric. Covers are attached to the coated fabric over the stitches to provide a barrier to outside contaminants and to ease cleaning of the flexible restraint member.

Abstract: The wheeled litter-sifting cart is a device that is adapted to store containers of cat litter as well as to sift out used cat litter for disposal of waste and potential re-use of cat litter. The wheeled cart is mobilized via a plurality of wheels that are affixed to a cart frame. The cart frame includes a bottom deck, intermediate deck, and a top deck. The bottom deck, the intermediate deck, and the top deck are all parallel with respect to one another, and are equally spaced elevationally, speaking. The top deck includes a first opening adjacent to a second opening. A hinged sifter is attached to the top deck in between the first opening and the second opening. In use, a first bucket is aligned underneath the first opening, a second bucket is aligned underneath the second opening, and soiled cat litter is sifted via the hinged sifter.

Abstract: A lower sheet has lower front and rear edges separated by a lower length. The lower sheet has lower left and right edges separated by a lower width. Lateral straps are stitched to the lower sheet parallel with the lower front and rear edges. Longitudinal straps are stitched to the lower sheet parallel with the lower left and right edges. The longitudinal straps include an edge strap adapted to lie flat for receiving and discharging a patient and elevated for carrying the patient. An upper sheet has upper front and rear edges. A hard plastic sheet is removably received between the upper sheet and the lower sheet.

Abstract: A device to position a patient in a selected body position, such as a Trendelenburg or flexed position, on an operating table. The device includes a board, shoulder supports removably coupled to and extending substantially perpendicular from the board, and a cushioning mat positioned to lie between the patient and the board and the shoulder supports when the patient is placed on the device. A locking mechanism removably couples the shoulder supports to the board to allow the cushioning mat to lie flat when the shoulder supports are decoupled from the board and thereby selectively provide access to a neck and shoulders of the patient when the patient is placed on the device.

Abstract: A field stretcher comprising a subject transporting portion, the subject transporting portion comprising a region capable of forming a subject retaining compartment for retaining a subject positioned within the subject transporting portion, is disclosed and described. A method of transporting a subject generally horizontally, is provided, the method comprising providing a field stretcher comprising a subject transporting portion, positioning a subject in the subject transporting portion, and drawing at least a portion of the subject transporting portion about at least a portion of the subject.

Abstract: An apparatus, system and kit for transporting a non-ambulatory person comprising: a sheet assembly for enclosing the non-ambulatory person. The sheet assembly having a generally rectangular shape with sides and ends, a base layer, an upper layer, one or more straps; and a plurality of rigid plates disposed between said base and upper layers functioning to protect the non-ambulatory person being transported by a rescuer(s) from impacts, as these may occur in carrying, dragging, or otherwise moving from one location to another. A kit be configured with a satchel with quantities of sheet assemblies, which also can be varied in different sizes, and placed in the satchel, a drag harness, securing straps, and additional trauma supplies as may be required in a rescue operation.

Abstract: Lightweight inexpensive sleds, made of tough plastic or similar material, are disclosed for transporting injured people or inert loads. Tensile towing forces applied to a strap are distributed to avoid tearing the sled body.

Abstract: A portable stretcher for carrying a subject that includes a support member for supporting a subject's body made of a flexible material; carrying straps connected to opposite sides of the support member at a back side thereof, for allowing manually carrying the stretcher; and at least two sets of handles each set comprising at least one handle, wherein each of the handles connects to the support member. The stretcher is configured for carrying the subject in a sitting posture by having at least two carriers wearing the carrying straps and also in a laying posture, in which the subject horizontally lays over the support member by having the carriers carry the laying subject by using the handles.

Abstract: A litter comprising two arm shafts. The first arm shaft being the lock receiving frame arm and having a first locking member and a locking shaft having a second locking member. The second and first members interact to releasably retain the two arm shaft adjacent one another. Strap retaining means, each interacting with a strap, are place separately along the first arm shaft. The second arm shaft is a strap receiving arm with at least one ratchet dimensioned to receive a strap. A one torque limiter prevents each strap from being tightened beyond a preset tension point. A ratchet shaft, with a handle, is within the second arm shaft and in rotatable connection with each ratchet. Each arm shaft has a lockable handle rotatable around each end, able to rotate to serve as handles or legs.

Abstract: A system related to providing a rescue sled vehicle to move an injured or wounded person from a hostile ‘battlefield condition’ environment to a safer environment for medical triage. The rescue sled comprises flexible hinged sections allowing for serpentine movement as well as vertical flexible movement to assist in rescue operations needing extraction from almost any type of structure or environment, particularly narrow areas and/or sloped ground/stairs. Further, the rescue sled is single rescuer carryable while providing the rescuer hands-free operation during entrance and exit operations.

Abstract: A field stretcher comprising a subject transporting portion, the subject transporting portion comprising a region capable of forming a subject retaining compartment for retaining a subject positioned within the subject transporting portion, is disclosed and described. A method of transporting a subject generally horizontally, is provided, the method comprising providing a field stretcher comprising a subject transporting portion, positioning a subject in the subject transporting portion, and drawing at least a portion of the subject transporting portion about at least a portion of the subject.

Abstract: A system for positioning a patient on a treatment couchtop for SBRT is provided. The system includes a patient support panel and at least one positioning/fixation component for releasable mounting on the patient support panel at a desired position to immobilize a portion of the patient's body. The patient support panel includes a pair of longitudinally extending side rails having a series of longitudinally spaced indexing apertures for receipt of a locking bar for mounting a positioning/fixation component thereon at a discrete index position. The at least one positioning component includes a pair of clamping mechanisms for releasably securing that component to the side rails at any longitudinal position along the side rails.

Abstract: An evacuation sled for non-ambulatory patients preferably including a sheet having a plurality of handholds disposed about the left and right side edges of the sheet, each handhold comprising an opening with a reinforcement above the opening. A plurality of patient retention straps are coupled to the sheet and are configured to secure a patient in the sheet when the sheet is curved upward about the patient. A pull strap is coupled through a head of the sheet and is configured to permit a person to drag the patient strapped to the sheet. Preferably, a foot strap is affixed to the head pull strap and coupled to the foot of the sheet. The foot strap is configured to cause, when tension is applied to the head pull strap, at least one portion of the plastic sheet foot to raise upward and at least partially enclose the feet of the patient.

Abstract: A flat backboard for an injured person to lie upon is supported between two rigid support poles. The support poles are connected at each end of the stretcher to each other by an elevated support assembly. The support assembly has a handlebar structure and a mount assembly; this mount assembly has a central axle, around which the handlebar assembly fits, allowing for the handlebars to rotate without the mount assembly or the backboard rotating. When the holder of the handlebars generates a rocking motion, the central shaft rotates in the mount assembly, such that the weight of the injured person is supported by the mount assembly, but the rocking motion is not communicated to the mount assembly or the backboard.

Abstract: An evacuation sled for non-ambulatory patients preferably includes a plastic sheet having a plurality of handholds disposed about left and right side edges of the sheet, each handhold comprising an opening with a plastic reinforcement above the opening. A plurality of patient retention straps are coupled to the plastic sheet and are configured to secure a patient in the plastic sheet when the plastic sheet is curved upward about the patient. A pull strap is coupled through a head of the plastic sheet and is configured to permit a person to drag the patient strapped to the plastic sheet. Preferably, a foot strap is affixed to the head pull strap and coupled to a foot of the plastic sheet. The foot strap is configured to cause, when tension is applied to the head pull strap, at least one portion of the plastic sheet foot to raise upward and at least partially enclose the feet of the patient.

Abstract: A field stretcher comprising a subject transporting portion, the subject transporting portion comprising a region capable of forming a subject retaining compartment for retaining a subject positioned within the subject transporting portion, is disclosed and described. A method of transporting a subject generally horizontally, is provided, the method comprising providing a field stretcher comprising a subject transporting portion, positioning a subject in the subject transporting portion, and drawing at least a portion of the subject transporting portion about at least a portion of the subject.

Abstract: An inflatable body includes an elongate chamber delimited by two substantially parallel main walls and defining at least a portion of a base suitable for holding a person laid down thereon, the chamber being extended, integrally, on both sides of the base, beyond a transition area where the main walls are close to each other, by two raised lateral strips extending along at least the base portion, so as to laterally flank the person, wherein the main walls are braced by a plurality of drop stitch links, and at the location of the transition area, the inflatable body has seams bringing the main walls together, thereby causing a fold between the base and each of the raised lateral strips, with the seams being covered by a sealed lining wall.

Abstract: A rescue device is configured to permit rapid evacuation of a casualty by easily attaching to a casualty. The rescue device includes a shell comprising a cavity and mechanically coupled to shoulder straps which can secure the shell to the casualty. An attachment strap is mechanically coupled to the shell which can secure the shell to the casualty holding the shell in place. A lower carrying surface can be deployed from the shell that can support the casualty. There are handles mechanically coupled to the shell and handle bars mechanically coupled to the lower carrying surface in order to permit easily carrying the casualty to safety.

Abstract: A strokes litter victim harness includes a harness, a plurality of connectors, and a stokes litter. The harness is adjustably attached with the stokes litter by the plurality of connectors. The harness, which includes a bottom panel, a top leg panel, a left leg opening, and a right leg opening, provides the necessary support to the victim's body when the victim is transported from one location to another. Many different straps of the harness allow the operator of the stokes litter victim harness to adjust the left leg opening, the right leg opening, and other related spacing so that the victim can be secured within the harness.

Abstract: A patient lifter is provided which includes a pair of side members with a patient support extending therebetween. Arcuate front supports extend from a first end of each side member and the inside bend of each arcuate front support generally faces the patient support. A handle at a second end of the side members facilitates a lift. As the lift begins, a first mechanical advantage is effected by the patient being relatively close to a fulcrum of the lifter. Large vertical travel by the lifting force results in relatively little vertical travel by the patient. As the lift progresses, and the one doing the lift is in a better position to exert additional lifting force, the fulcrum shifts to provide a second, lower, mechanical advantage, but the patient moves further in the vertical direction relative to the vertical travel of the handle.

Abstract: An evacuation mattress comprises an integral mattress including a mattress interior, a mattress top face sheet, four mattress side face sheets, and a bottom sheet. The bottom sheet forms both the mattress bottom face sheet and an evacuation bottom sheet. The integral evacuation mattress also includes a top evacuation sheet configured to be deployed over a patient who is disposed above the mattress top face sheet. The integral evacuation mattress further includes securing structure configured to secure the top evacuation sheet to the patient and the integral mattress. Transport structure is also included in the integral evacuation mattress and is configured for a person to drag the secured patient and integral mattress from a hospital.

Abstract: A stretcher including a flexible base panel sized to support a person lying thereon during a rescue or extrication operation. The base panel includes a header end and an opposite footer end, and further includes a head-supporting region and a body-supporting region. The head-supporting region is sized to support the head and shoulders of the person and the body-supporting region is sized to support a human torso. The stretcher further includes a securement strap extending from the head-supporting region along one side of the base panel and crossing over to the body-supporting region at the other side of the base panel. The securement strap extends diagonally across the shoulder and torso of the person to arrest the shoulder and limit sliding movement of the person toward the header end of the panel.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an example patient movement apparatus and methods for its use enable an EMS crew to load a patient disposed in an ambulance chair and/or in an ambulance stretcher into an ambulance, unload the patient from the ambulance, and otherwise move the patent within the ambulance, for example, from the ambulance chair to the ambulance stretcher. The patient movement apparatus may comprise a patient cradle in which a patient is wrapped, a loading ramp that spans between ground level and the level of the floor of the rear of the ambulance, a winch secured within the rear of the ambulance and having a retractable winch cable, an articulating arm secured within the rear of the ambulance and having a pulley to accommodate the winch cable, and/or one or more cable guides secured within the rear of the ambulance and that accommodate the winch cable.

Abstract: A stretcher pad comprises a mattress; a cuff fixed to an upper surface of the mattress; and a belt assembly arranged for securing one of a child and an infant being wrapped in the cuff; wherein a recess is formed in the mattress for accommodating at least part of the belt assembly; and a pouch is arranged on the mattress so as to cover the recess.

Abstract: A patient positioning device provided to position, protect and secure a patient on a support surface for transfer to another support surface or for preparation for surgery. The positioning device includes a sheet with a first and second flexible substrate coupled to the sheet's top surface. The first and second flexible substrates may be padded. These substrates are capable of wrapping around an adjacent arm of the patient creating a wrapped engagement. This wrapped engagement may pad, protect, secure and elevate the arms from injury caused by pressure imparted thereon during surgery or transport. This positioning device may be lifted or slid from one support surface to another. Optionally, a third and fourth flexible substrate capable of wrapping around an adjacent arm of the patient creating a second wrapped engagement may be used for additional securing. Optionally, an inflatable support may be used with the device to aid when sliding or translating the device 10 with the patient thereon.

Abstract: A stretcher including a flexible base panel sized to support a person lying thereon during a rescue or extrication operation. The base panel includes a header end and an opposite footer end, and further includes a head-supporting region and a body-supporting region. The head-supporting region is sized to support the head and shoulders of the person and the body-supporting region is sized to support a human torso. The stretcher further includes a securement strap extending from the head-supporting region along one side of the base panel and crossing over to the body-supporting region at the other side of the base panel. The securement strap extends diagonally across the shoulder and torso of the person to arrest the shoulder and limit sliding movement of the person toward the header end of the panel.