Abstract: The invention relates to a batch for producing an unshaped refractory ceramic product, to a method for producing a fired refractory ceramic product, to a fired refractory ceramic product and to the use of an unshaped refractory ceramic product.

Abstract: There is a process for creating graphite free non-fired refractory products, which are molded using presses and which includes using a plurality of different binders. The binders comprise a first binder for binding grains of granulation between room temperature and 400° C., a second binder binding the grains of granulation between 300 and 900° C.; and a third binder binding granulations of the refractory materials that enter into ceramic binding at temperatures above 900° C. This process is for producing at least one of magnesia chromite bricks, magnesia spinel and spinel bricks, magnesia zirconia and magnesia zircon bricks, magnesia hercynite and magnesia galaxite bricks, dolomite, dolomite-magnesia, and lime bricks, forsterite and olivine bricks, magnesia forsterite bricks, magnesia pleonast bricks, magnesia bricks.

Abstract: In a carbon-containing refractory composed of a refractory aggregate, a carbon based raw material, and a carbon bond connecting between the refractory aggregate or the carbon based raw material, transition metal-containing nanoparticles having particle diameters of 1,000 nm or less and containing a transition metal are contained in the above-described carbon bond while being dispersed. When the carbon-containing refractory is heat-treated, flexible structures of carbon fiber-shaped textures having diameters of 50 nm or less are formed in the inside of a carbon bond and, thereby, an increase in strength, a reduction in modulus of elasticity, and a reduction in thermal expansion coefficient are facilitated. Therefore, a carbon-containing refractory exhibiting high thermal shock resistance, high abrasion resistance, and high corrosion resistance are provided.

Abstract: A high-chromia refractory, comprised of: about 60% to about 99% by weight of refractory grain, wherein the refractory grain is comprised of grains having about 20% to 100% by weight chromia; 0% to about 35% by weight of a fine particulate, the fine particulate selected from chromic oxide, alumina, ceria, yttria, lanthanum oxide, or combinations thereof; and about 1% to about 8% of a liquid resin or pitch.

Abstract: A composition with a Mohs hardness of at least 6.0, wherein said composition contains at least 30 weight percent of spinel crystals, at least 10 weight percent of glass, and less than 10 weight percent of ferrometalsilicate. The composition also contains particles with a particle size distribution such that at least about 95 weight percent of such particles are smaller than about 2.0 millimeters; at least about 70 weight percent of such particles have a particle shape that is either the blocky particle shape or the pyramidal particle shape. At least 20 weight percent of the spinel crystals are equiaxed spinel crystals; the weight/weight ratio of said spinel crystals to said glass is at least 1.2/1; the composition has a melting point in excess of 1440 degrees Celsius; and the composition has a density of from about 3.0 to about 4.5.

Abstract: A precursor composition for the production of granulated ceramic material, particularly for ceramic proppants, comprises 20 to 55% by weight of magnesium orthosilicate, 20 to 35% by weight of MgO, and 2.5 to 11% by weight of Fe2O3. The resulting lightweight proppant material shows high mechanical strength. To further decrease the specific density of the proppant, the formation of small pores can be increased by adding 0.3 to 2.4% carbon as a gas-forming agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fire resistant substance and to a method for producing a fire-resistant lining. The fire-resistant substance contains MgO sinter and up to 5 wt. % of a reducing agent selected from the group consisting of substances that contain carbon. The lining has several layers with decreasing quantities of reducing agents.

Abstract: The invention relates to free-flowing refractory castable material and castings produced therefrom. Refractory nonbasic and basic refractory castable materials have been known for a long time. The traditional refractory castable materials have thixotropic properties and must be lined sing vibration technology. In the past, free-flowing refractory castable materials were solely based on alumina raw materials. Attempts to produce an aqueous, highly concentrated basic suspension which would Coma the basis of free-flowing refractory castable materials failed to meet the requirements in terms of theological properties and a low degree of to hydration of the MgO-based materials. It is the aim of the invention to provide the above-mentioned refractory castable material for the monolithic lining or repair of high-temperature equipment and for the production of refractory castings. This is achieved by providing a fine-grained and a mixed fine and coarse-grained alternative.

Abstract: A sintered material includes a polycrystalline substance of MgAl2O4 and/or Al2O3; and 3 to 90 weight percent of Cr2O3 and/or CeO2. Furnace material, furnace wall block, high temperature protection tube, and high temperature protecting member are made of such sintered material, and have higher heat resistance and corrosion resistance.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a novel ceramic composite that has not only excellent dynamic characteristics, but also good electromagnetic characteristics, typified by dielectric characteristics, and the present invention relates to a ceramic composite, characterized in that an oxide having a perovskite structure which includes as raw materials lead and/or an alkaline earth metal is dispersed in a ceramic matrix, and in the above-mentioned ceramic composite, preferably the ceramic matrix is MgO, MgAl.sub.2 O.sub.4, or ZrO.sub.2, and also, preferably in the above-mentioned ceramic composite, the perovskite structure oxide particles are covered with MgO, MgAl.sub.2 O.sub.4, or ZrO.sub.2, and the ceramic matrix is Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.

Abstract: A pulverulent fiber-reinforced spray mix is disclosed in which about 0.02 to 0.3 wt. % of flexible, thermoset polymer fibers resistant to decomposition at a temperature up to about 400.degree. F. are added for each 100 wt. % of other solids in the mix to form a mix which both avoids formation of mat-like structures in the dry hopper of refractory spray apparatus and provides a sprayed lining that is resistant to cracking and peeling during dry-out and preheat. The invention also comprises sprayable compositions formed by admixing water with the mix.

Abstract: An electrochemical process for producing unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds from unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds and for extracting oxygen from a gas containing N.sub.2 O, NO, NO.sub.2, SO.sub.2, or SO.sub.3 is described. The process is characterized by the use of mixed metal oxide materials having a perovskite structure represented by the formula:A.sub.s A'.sub.t B.sub.u B'.sub.v B".sub.w O.sub.xwherein A represents a lanthanide or Y, or a mixture thereof; A' represents an alkaline earth metal or a mixture thereof; B represents Fe; B' represents Cr or Ti, or a mixture thereof; and B" represents Mn, Co, V, Ni, or Cu, or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: A metal-impregnated refractory product of this invention has high slag attack, gas attack, and spalling resistances and is used in various types of molten metal treatment vessels. A material of refractory particles mainly consisting of MgO or Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 is formed and heated by a suitable method to obtain a porous material body containing at least 4 vol % of open pores. A metal or an alloy mainly consisting of at least one type of a metal selected from the group consisting of iron, chromium, and nickel is impregnated in the porous material body at a ratio of 25 vol % or more of the open pores. The metal is filled in pores present in a region from the surface to at least a predetermined depth. The metal-impregnated refractory product can withstand various high-temperature damages and can be stably used over a long time period.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are provided for breaking the glass components of articles comprised of glass and nonglass components and liberating the glass components from the nonglass components by subjecting the articles to controlled vibrations sufficient to break the glass without breaking the nonglass components. The apparatus is a vibratory device having a screen deck and a plate deck. The screen deck has holes through which the broken glass falls to the plate deck. The nonglass components remain on the screen deck. Thereafter, the nonglass components are removed by one or more of a variety of means. The glass may be further processed by cleaning, rinsing and further crushing to size the glass pieces. Glass of different types may optionally be separated by taking advantage of the differences in specific gravities between glass types.

Abstract: A refractory composition, particularly for application as a dry vibratable refractory for forming the wearable, disposable monolithic lining coating the permanent lining of a tundish or ladle used in molten metal casting processes is disclosed. The composition contains a refractory aggregate, a first bonding agent actuatable at temperatures in the range of from about 300.degree. F. to about 1000.degree. F. to cause the formation of interparticle bonds between aggregate particles, at least one second bonding agent actuatable at temperatures in the range of from about 1000.degree. F. to about 2500.degree. F. to cause further formation of interparticle bonds between aggregate particles, and, optionally, clay. The use of both first and second bonding agents enables installation of the refractory in hot practice, in which vessel preheat temperatures of up to about 2500.degree. F. are utilized.

Abstract: A refractory composition is disclosed which consists essentially of sized refractory aggregate including at least 10%, based on the total weight of the composition, MgO containing grain having at least 50% MgO and passing a 5 mesh screen, from about 0.1 to about 1.5%, on the dehydrated basis, of chrome sulfate or sodium sulfate, from about 0.1 to about 1.5% of an organic acid or salt thereof; and up to about 1.1% of a plasticizer.

Abstract: A rebonded, fused brick resulting from burning a mix consisting essentially of a fused magnesite chrome grain, a fused chrome-magnesite grain or mixtures thereof, and a chrome ore having a Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 /(Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 +Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3) ratio of at least about 1.15, a maximum silica content of about 3.85, and an Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 content of less than about 25% by weight.

Abstract: Porous ceramic greenware comprising finely divided ceramic filler, finely divided metal, and polyolefin controls shrinkage in fired shape. In a preferred embodiment the metal and ceramic filler are bound together with the clean burning polyolefin and a plasticizer. After molding the mixture into the final shape, the plasticizer is removed to introduce porosity into the shaped article. Next the article is heated to decompose the polyolefin which can exit as a gas through the pore openings. Finally, the article is fired to a high temperature to oxidize the metal to metal oxide which becomes sintered with the ceramic filler particles to form a sintered porous article where the oxidized metal bonds the filler particles together in the desired shape.

Abstract: A high chromia refractory composite has been developed with improved thermal shock resistance and containing about 5-30 wt. % of unstabilized ZrO.sub.2 having a temperature-dependent phase change resulting in large expansion mismatch between the ZrO.sub.2 and the chromia matrix which causes microcracks to form during cooling in the high chromia matrix. The particle size preferably is primarily between about 0.6-5 microns and particularly below about 3 microns with an average size in the order of 1.2-1.8 microns.

Abstract: Increased fire resistant gypsum board core formulations and plaster fireproofing formulations are provided by incorporating calcium sulfate anhydrite into the formulations. Particularly fire resistant effects are achieved with a fibrous form of calcium sulfate anhydrite, and with blends of calcium sulfate anhydrite II in particulate or fibrous form. Optionally, the formulations may contain either small amounts of textile glass fiber, wollastonite or vermiculite.

Abstract: Carbon bonded refractory brick containing 1 to 6% by weight liquid thermosetting resin binder consisting of polyhydroxydiphenyl resin and a curing agent and the balance being refractory aggregate.

Abstract: A cold setting sand for moulds and cores comprises a refractory filler and an acid, wherein the acid used is organic acid with the dissociation constant of 10.sup.-5 to 10.sup.1, with the components being contained therein in the following amounts, in percent by weight:______________________________________ refractory filler from 95 to 99 organic acid from 1 to 5.

Abstract: A refractory shape having improved resistance to erosion in metal melting vessels and high modulus of rupture, comprising an anhydrous refractory material, an anhydrous organic binder, from 0.3% to about 30% finely divided elemental carbon having a particle size ranging from 0.01 to about 1 mm, and from 0.3% to about 10% particulate elemental magnesium, based on the weight of the refractory shape. Addition of both elemental carbon and elemental magnesium results in a synergistic improvement in slag erosion resistance.

Abstract: Gunning mixes and other magnesia-based refractory compositions are disclosed which include up about to 10% by weight sulfamic acid as a binder. Sulfamic acid reacts readily with periclase grain and, when employed with boric acid and ceramic sintering aids forms an excellent binder system.

Abstract: Substantially non-aqueous, plastic, high magnesium oxide refractory compositions are disclosed. The materials remain fluid over prolonged storage times, providing for easy workability and require no addition of water prior to use.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a foundry sand and the foundry sand composition which consists in mixing magnesium silicate and an arylsulphonic acid in aqueous medium as the binder.