Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for preparing carbamates, in particular aromatic carbamates, comprising a binary oxide having the formula L1-xMxO2, wherein L is a metal selected from the lanthanoid series and M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, metals from the lanthanoid series and metals from the actinoid series, and wherein x ranges from 0.01 to 0.05. The present invention also relates to a method for producing said catalysts and a method of utilizing said catalysts in the production of carbamates, in particular aromatic carbamates.

Abstract: A method comprising a) contacting a solvent, a carboxylic acid, and a peroxide-containing compound to form an acidic mixture wherein a weight ratio of solvent to carboxylic acid in the acidic mixture is from about 1:1 to about 100:1; b) contacting a titanium-containing compound and the acidic mixture to form a solubilized titanium mixture wherein an equivalent molar ratio of titanium-containing compound to carboxylic acid in the solubilized titanium mixture is from about 1:1 to about 1:4 and an equivalent molar ratio of titanium-containing compound to peroxide-containing compound in the solubilized titanium mixture is from about 1:1 to about 1:20; and c) contacting a chromium-silica support comprising from about 0.1 wt. % to about 20 wt. % water and the solubilized titanium mixture to form an addition product and drying the addition product by heating to a temperature in a range of from about 50° C. to about 150° C. and maintaining the temperature in the range of from about 50° C. to about 150° C.

Abstract: A condensation curable gel composition is the disclosed. The composition comprises: (i) at least one condensation curable silyl terminated polymer having at least one hydrolysable and/or hydroxyl functional group(s) per molecule; (ii) a cross-linker selected from the group of a silicone, an organic polymer, a monosilane or a disilane molecule which contains at least two hydrolysable groups per molecule; and (iii) a condensation catalyst selected from the group of titanates, zirconates or tin (II). The molar ratio of hydroxyl and/or hydrolysable group(s) in polymer (i) to hydrolysable groups from component (ii) is between 0.5:1 and 1:1 using a monosilane cross-linker or 0.75:1 to 3:1 using disilanes. The titanates and zirconates comprise M-OR functions where M is titanium or zirconium and R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group. The molar ratio of M-OR or tin (II) functions to the hydroxyl and/or hydrolysable groups in polymer (i) is comprised between 0.01:1 and 0.5:1.

Abstract: An epoxy dual cure resin useful for additive manufacturing of three-dimensional objects includes: (i) a photoinitiator; (ii) monomers and/or prepolymers that are polymerizable by exposure to actinic radiation or light; (iii) optionally, a light absorbing pigment or dye; (iv) an epoxy resin; (v) optionally, but in some embodiments preferably, an organic hardener co-polymerizable with the epoxy resin; (vi) optionally but preferably a dual reactive compound having substituted thereon a first reactive group reactive with said monomers and/or prepolymers that are polymerizable by exposure to actinic radiation or light, and a second reactive group reactive with said epoxy resin (e.g., an epoxy acrylate); (vii) optionally a diluent; (viii) optionally a filler; and (ix) optionally, a co-monomer and/or a co-prepolymer. Methods of using the same in additive manufacturing are also described.

Abstract: A method comprising a) contacting a solvent, a carboxylic acid, and a peroxide-containing compound to form an acidic mixture wherein a weight ratio of solvent to carboxylic acid in the acidic mixture is from about 1:1 to about 100:1; b) contacting a titanium-containing compound and the acidic mixture to form a solubilized titanium mixture wherein an equivalent molar ratio of titanium-containing compound to carboxylic acid in the solubilized titanium mixture is from about 1:1 to about 1:4 and an equivalent molar ratio of titanium-containing compound to peroxide-containing compound in the solubilized titanium mixture is from about 1:1 to about 1:20; and c) contacting a chromium-silica support comprising from about 0.1 wt. % to about 20 wt. % water and the solubilized titanium mixture to form an addition product and drying the addition product by heating to a temperature in a range of from about 50° C. to about 150° C. and maintaining the temperature in the range of from about 50° C. to about 150° C.

Abstract: A method comprising a) contacting a solvent, a carboxylic acid, and a peroxide-containing compound to form an acidic mixture wherein a weight ratio of solvent to carboxylic acid in the acidic mixture is from about 1:1 to about 100:1; b) contacting a titanium-containing compound and the acidic mixture to form a solubilized titanium mixture wherein an equivalent molar ratio of titanium-containing compound to carboxylic acid in the solubilized titanium mixture is from about 1:1 to about 1:4 and an equivalent molar ratio of titanium-containing compound to peroxide-containing compound in the solubilized titanium mixture is from about 1:1 to about 1:20; and c) contacting a chromium-silica support comprising from about 0.1 wt. % to about 20 wt. % water and the solubilized titanium mixture to form an addition product and drying the addition product by heating to a temperature in a range of from about 50° C. to about 150° C. and maintaining the temperature in the range of from about 50° C. to about 150° C.

Abstract: Disclosed is a supported catalyst for the preparation of vinyl acetate monomer, a process for preparing the supported catalyst in tablet or pellet form, and a catalytic process for the manufacturing vinyl acetate using the supported catalyst. Specifically, it is shown that catalyst performance shows a strong dependence on the crush strength of the tableted or pelletized alumina support used in the process to make the catalyst, and that the crush strength of the catalyst is closely related to the porosity of the support. Catalyst activity and selectivity can be enhanced by tailoring the crush strength of the support.

Abstract: Disclosed are powder coating compositions that include a polymeric aromatic product of an aromatic isocyanate manufacturing process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalyst system for reducing nitrogen oxides, which comprises a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst and an SCR catalyst, wherein the nitrogen oxide storage catalyst consists of at least two catalytically active washcoat layers on a supporting body, wherein a lower washcoat layer A contains cerium oxide, an alkaline earth compound and/or alkali compound, as well as platinum and palladium, and an upper washcoat layer B, which is arranged over the washcoat layer A, contains cerium oxide, platinum and palladium, and no alkali compound and no alkaline earth compound. The invention also relates to a method for converting NOx in exhaust gases of motor vehicles that are operated by means of engines that are operated in a lean manner.

Abstract: Disclosed are powder coating compositions that include a polymeric aromatic product of an aromatic isocyanate manufacturing process.

Abstract: This invention concerns a process for the production of vinyl esters of carboxylic acids with 3 to 20 carbon atoms, via vinylation in the presence of palladium (Pd) catalyst in combination with copper (Cu) as co-catalyst stabilized by organic salts in the presence of ethylene and air or oxygen.

Abstract: Methods for forming an interconnected network of solid material and pores, with metal residing only at the air/solid interface of the interconnected network structure are described. In certain embodiments, nanoparticle decorated sacrificial particles can be used as sacrificial templates for the formation of a porous structure having an interconnected network of solid material and interconnected network of pores. The nanoparticles reside predominantly at the air/solid interface and allow further growth and accessibility of the nanoparticles at defined positions of the interconnected structure. SEM and TEM measurements reveal the formation of 3D interconnected porous structures with nanoparticles residing predominantly at the air/solid interface of the interconnected structure.

Abstract: A process is provided for forming a fuel or a fuel intermediate from two fermentations that includes feeding an aqueous solution comprising a fermentation product from a first bioreactor to a second bioreactor and/or a stage upstream of the second bioreactor, which also produces the fermentation product. The aqueous solution may be added at any stage of the second fermentation and/or processing steps upstream from the second bioreactor that would otherwise require the addition of water. Accordingly, the product yield is increased while fresh/treated water usage is decreased.

Abstract: Provided herein are processes for preparing estolides and estolide base oils from fatty acid reactants utilizing catalysts. Further provided herein are processes for preparing carboxylic esters from at least one carboxylic acid reactant and at least one olefin.

Abstract: Materials and methods for converting brown grease to useful diesel fuel are described. One material is a palladium catalyst on a silicon/carbon support. A method comprises flowing fresh hydrogen over a reaction of diluted brown grease on a palladium/carbon catalyst.

Abstract: A process for preparing a high molecular weight heteraromatic polyester or copolyester is disclosed. A process for preparing a high molecular weight heteroaromatic polyester or copolyester includes the steps of: (a) processing comonomers by mixing together to form a homogeneous solution (1) at least one heteroaromatic dicarboxylic acid having 2-12 carbon atoms or a diester or an acid anhydride derived therefrom, or a mixture thereof; (2) at least one alcohol having 2 to 12 carbon atoms and at least two hydroxyl functionalities; and (3) optionally aromatic or aliphatic dicarboxylic acids or diesters or acid anhydrides derived therefrom; (b) converting the paste/solution obtained in step a) into an esterification product containing at least one diester or at least one oligoester formed from the at least one heteroaromatic dicarboxylic acid and the at least one alcohol; and (c) polycondensing/copolycondensing the reaction product obtained from step b) under reduced pressure.

Abstract: A process for producing methyl methacrylate, the process comprising contacting reactants comprising methacrolein, methanol and an oxygen-containing gas, under reaction conditions in the presence of a solid catalyst comprising palladium, bismuth and at least one third element X, where X is selected from the group consisting of P, S, Sc, V, Ga, Se, Y, Nb, Mo, La, Ce, and Nd, wherein the solid catalyst further comprises a support selected from at least one member of the group consisting of silica, alumina, calcium carbonate, active carbon, zinc oxide, titanium oxide and magnesium oxide.

Abstract: A lean NOx trap for the treatment of exhaust gas emissions, such as the oxidation of unburned hydrocarbons (HC), and carbon monoxide (CO), and the trapping and reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) is disclosed. Nitrogen oxide storage catalysts can comprise a layer on a substrate including ceria-alumina particles having a ceria phase present in a weight percent of the composite in the range of about 20% to about 80% on an oxide basis, an alkaline earth metal component supported on the ceria-alumina particles, wherein the CeO2 is present in the form of crystallites that are hydrothermally stable and have an average crystallite size less than 130 ? after aging at 950° C. for 5 hours in 2% O2 and 10% steam in N2.

Abstract: A catalyst for the treatment of exhaust gas emissions is disclosed. The catalyst can comprise ceria-alumina particles having a ceria phase present in a weight percent of the composite in the range of about 20% to about 80% on an oxide basis, an alkaline earth metal component supported on the ceria-alumina particles, wherein the CeO2 is present in the form of crystallites that are hydrothermally stable and have an average crystallite size less than 160 ? after aging at 950° C. for 5 hours in 2% O2 and 10% steam in N2.

Abstract: A chelated hydroprocessing catalyst exhibiting low moisture is obtained by heating an impregnated, calcined carrier to a temperature higher than 200° C. and less than a temperature and for a period of time that would cause substantial decomposition of the chelating agent.

Abstract: A method for regenerating a Cu-BTC material includes: impregnating a Cu-BTC adsorbed with guest molecules in an acidic proton solvent or in a steam environment thereof, and filtering the Cu-BTC material, to obtain a solid; impregnating the solid in a non-acidic organic solvent or a steam environment thereof, and finally filtering, washing and drying the solid, to complete the generation of the Cu-BTC material.

Abstract: A process for regenerating a silica-supported depleted alkali metal catalyst is described. The level of alkali metal on the depleted catalyst is at least 0.5 mol % and the silica support is a zero-gel. The process comprises the steps of contacting the silica supported depleted alkali metal catalyst with a solution of a salt of the alkali metal in a solvent system that has a polar organic solvent as the majority component. A re-impregnated catalyst prepared by the process of the invention any comprising a silica zero-gel support and a catalytic metal selected from an alkali metal in the range 0.5-5 mol % on the catalyst, wherein the surface area of the silica support is <180 m2/g is also described. The invention is applicable to a process for preparing an ethylenically unsaturated acid or ester comprising contacting an alkanoic acid or ester of the formula R1—CH2—COOR3, with formaldehyde or a suitable source of formaldehyde.

Abstract: A chelated hydroprocessing catalyst exhibiting low moisture is obtained by heating an impregnated, calcined carrier to a temperature higher than 200° C. and less than a temperature and for a period of time that would cause substantial decomposition of the chelating agent.

Abstract: Ethylene glycol and propylene glycol may be made by hydrogenolysis of a polyol comprising the steps of reacting a polyol with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenolysis catalyst. The hydrogenolysis comprises nickel, one or more promoter, and one or more support. The promoter is selected from bismuth, silver, tin, antimony, gold, lead, thallium, cerium, lanthanum, and manganese. The support is selected from zirconia and carbon. A zirconia support comprises a zirconia textual promoter, which is selected from Cr, Mo, W, Nb, Ce, Ca, Mg, La, Pr, Nd, Al, and P. If the support comprises carbon, then the promoter is selected from bismuth and antimony. In another embodiment, if the support comprises carbon, then both the promoter is selected from bismuth and antimony, and the catalyst comprises copper. In another embodiment, the catalyst additionally comprises copper.

Abstract: The invention relates to catalyst compositions including at least one catalyst compound and at least one continuity additive such as poly-oxo-metal carboxylate compound and their use in the polymerization of olefins.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a shell catalyst that is suitable for producing vinyl acetate monomer (VAM). The invention further relates to a shell catalyst that is obtainable by the method according to the invention and to the use of the shell catalyst according to the invention for producing VAM.

Abstract: Adducts comprising a MgCl2, an alcohol ROH in which R is a C1-C10 hydrocarbon group, present in a molar ratio with MgCl2 ranging from 0.5 to 5 and less than 15% wt, based on the total weight of the adduct, of a metal salt of an aliphatic carboxylic acid having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A chelated hydroprocessing catalyst exhibiting low moisture is obtained by heating an impregnated, calcined carrier to a temperature higher than 200° C. and less than a temperature and for a period of time that would cause substantial decomposition of the chelating agent.

Abstract: Disclosed is a halide-free catalyst system and method for oxidizing toluene to form benzoic acid in benzoic acid solvent. The catalyst system contains Co, at least one of Zr and Hf, and an alkali metal basic salt.

Abstract: The Cu- and Ti-containing composition of the present invention contains titanium oxide including rutile-crystal-type titanium oxide, and a divalent copper compound, wherein the rutile-crystal-type titanium oxide exhibits the most intense diffraction peak attributed to rutile-type titanium oxide having a full width at half maximum of 0.65° or less, in a Cu—K? line X-ray diffraction pattern, which is obtained by plotting intensity of diffraction line with respect to diffraction angle 2?. The composition exhibits excellent anti-viral property under light and in the dark, and excellent organic compound degradability under light.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of noble metal carboxylate compounds, in which a noble metal is digested with at least one metal salt in a container and the digestion mass is dissolved in a carboxylic acid and the metallic ions introduced by the metal salt are separated from the resulting solution by means of oxalate or an oxalate derivative.

Abstract: A silanol condensation catalyst including at least the zirconium metal salt expressed by Formula (I) below (wherein n is an integer from 1 to 3; each R1 is a hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 16 carbons; and each R2 is a hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 18 carbons. A heat-curable silicone resin composition for sealing optical semiconductors includes 100 parts by mass of a polysiloxane containing two or more silanol groups in the molecule; from 0.1 to 2,000 parts by mass of a silane compound containing two or more alkoxy groups that are bonded to a silicon atom in the molecule; and a zirconium metal salt expressed by Formula (I). A sealed optical semiconductor is formed by sealing a LED chip by applying the heat-curable silicone resin composition to the LED chip, heating the LED chip, and curing the heat-curable silicone resin composition.

Abstract: An exhaust gas-purifying catalyst includes a substrate, and a catalytic layer facing the substrate and including a precious metal, alumina, an oxygen storage material, and a sulfate of an alkaline-earth metal having an average particle diameter falling within a range of 0.01 to 0.70 ?m, the average particle diameter being obtained by observation using a scanning electron microscope. Another exhaust gas-purifying catalyst includes a substrate, and a catalytic layer formed on the substrate using slurry containing a precious metal, alumina, an oxygen storage material, and a sulfate of an alkaline-earth metal having an average particle diameter falling within a range of 0.01 to 0.70 ?m, the average particle diameter being obtained by observation using a scanning electron microscope.

Abstract: A catalyst composition including a solution of at least one member selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal carboxylate and an alkaline earth metal carboxylate in a solvent which is nonreactive with the isocyanate groups of a polyisocyanate.

Abstract: An exhaust gas-purifying catalyst includes a substrate, and a catalytic layer facing the substrate and including a precious metal, alumina, an oxygen storage material, and a sulfate of an alkaline-earth metal having an average particle diameter falling within a range of 0.01 to 0.70 ?m, the average particle diameter being obtained by observation using a scanning electron microscope. Another exhaust gas-purifying catalyst includes a substrate, and a catalytic layer formed on the substrate using slurry containing a precious metal, alumina, an oxygen storage material, and a sulfate of an alkaline-earth metal having an average particle diameter falling within a range of 0.01 to 0.70 ?m, the average particle diameter being obtained by observation using a scanning electron microscope.

Abstract: A method for applying a washcoat suspension to a support structure. To provide coatings with largely uniform thickness starting from washcoat suspensions, the method uses a device (10) set up to produce, by means of a process gas (40), a fluid bed of support structures in which the support structures circulate elliptically or toroidally, the method comprising the steps of: a) charging the device (10) with support structures and producing a support-structure fluid bed by means of a process gas (40), wherein the support structures circulate in the fluid bed elliptically or toroidally, preferably toroidally; b) impregnating the support structures with a washcoat suspension by spraying the support structures circulating elliptically or toroidally in the fluid bed with the washcoat suspension; c) drying the support structures sprayed with the washcoat suspension; and d) optionally calcining the support structures loaded with the solids contents of the washcoat suspension.

Abstract: Described herein is a catalyst precursor composition comprising at least one metal from Group 6 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, at least one metal from Groups 8-10 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, and a reaction product formed from (i) a first organic compound containing at least one amine group and at least 10 carbon atoms or (ii) a second organic compound containing at least one carboxylic acid group and at least 10 carbon atoms, but not both, wherein the reaction product contains additional unsaturated carbon atoms, relative to the first or second organic compound, wherein the metals of the catalyst precursor composition are arranged in a crystal lattice, and wherein the reaction product is not located within the crystal lattice. A process for preparing the catalyst precursor composition is also described, as is sulfiding the catalyst precursor composition to form a hydroprocessing catalyst.

Abstract: A precipitated film and the fabricating method thereof are disclosed. The precipitated film includes a supporting layer having columnar crystals, and a functional layer formed on the supporting layer and having granular crystals. The precipitated film is fabricated by phase-changing one of two aqueous solutions, which are able to react with each other to form a solid precipitate inherently, into solid-state and then reacting with the other aqueous solution to form the precipitated film by a precipitation reaction.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of a composition comprising a metal complex in an oily organic matrix, the latter being at the same time able to promote the formation of the complex. Said process also envisages that the complex, once formed, is not separated from said oily organic matrix, but the resulting composition is used as such, as having observed that the performances of the complex present therein is thus improved.

Abstract: A method for preparing suspension of inorganic nanoparticles is described herein. The method includes mixing a dispersing medium (102) with a dispersant (104) and a metal oxide powder (106) to form a primary mixture (110), the dispersant (104) being selected based on interaction energy of the dispersant (104) with respect to the dispersing medium (102) and the metal oxide powder (106). The method further includes grinding the primary mixture (110) to obtain a suspension (116), wherein at least the dispersant (104) is added to the primary mixture (110) during the grinding after predetermined time intervals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Ziegler-Natta catalyst, and more specifically to a Ziegler-Natta catalyst for olefin polymerization which may use a compound of Formula 3 as an internal electron donor to obtain polymers with high activity, wide molecular weight distribution and low content of fine particle.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for polynuclear manganese cluster compounds, methods of making, methods of use, method of producing hydrogen and oxygen from water, and the like.

Abstract: To develop a Fenton reaction catalyst that can maintain divalent iron stably for a long period of time, can utilize trivalent iron or metallic iron, which is an inexpensive iron-supplying source, by converting into divalent iron, and is harmless to the human body and the environment, provided is a Fenton reaction catalyst, including, as an active component, a reaction product obtained by mixing a specific reducing organic substance (e.g., ascorbic acid, a polyphenol-containing plant component, or a plant dry distillation liquid component) with an iron-supplying source at a predetermined ratio in the presence of water. Also provided are a sterilization method, a pollutant degradation method, and a luminescence method based on chemiluminescence, which involve using the Fenton reaction catalyst.

Abstract: Processes for producing mixed alcohols from mixed olefins and the catalyst systems for making such alcohols are provided. Additionally, processes for producing fuel compositions having mixed alcohols prepared from mixed olefins are also provided as embodiments of the present invention. The catalyst systems include a dual phase catalyst system that includes a water soluble acid catalyst and a solid acid catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed are procatalyst compositions having an internal electron donor which include a substituted phenylene aromatic diester and optionally an electron donor component. Ziegler-Natta catalyst compositions containing the present procatalyst compositions exhibit high activity and produce propylene-based olefins with broad molecular weight distribution.

Abstract: The present invention provides trimerization catalyst compositions and methods to produce a polyisocyanurate/polyurethane foam using such trimerization catalyst compositions. The catalyst composition is the contact product of at least one ?,?-unsaturated carboxylate salt and at least one second carboxylate salt.

Abstract: Catalyst compositions for use in forming polyurethane products include a gelling catalyst, a trimerization catalyst, and a cure accelerator. The gelling catalyst is a tertiary amine, mono(tertiary amino) urea, bis(tertiary amino) urea, or a combination of any of these. Any known trimerization catalyst may be used. The cure accelerator may be a diol having at least one primary hydroxyl group, and having from five to 17 chain backbone atoms chosen from carbon, oxygen, or both between the hydroxyl groups, provided that at least five of the backbone atoms are carbon. Alternatively or in addition, the cure accelerator may be a polyol having three or more hydroxyl groups, at least two of which are primary, and having molecular weights between 90 g/mole and 400 g/mole. Delayed initiation of the polyurethane-forming reaction and/or reduced demold time for producing the polyurethane part can be obtained by using these catalyst compositions.

Abstract: Aqueous and substantially crystalline iron oxide nanoparticle dispersions and processes for making them are disclosed. The nanoparticle size and size distribution width are advantageous for use in a fuel additive for catalytic reduction of soot combustion in diesel particulate filters. Nanoparticles of the aqueous colloid are transferred to a substantially non-polar liquid comprising a carboxylic acid and one or more low-polarity solvents. The transfer is achieved by mixing the aqueous and substantially non-polar materials, forming an emulsion, followed by a phase separation into a substantially metal-free remnant polar phase and a substantially non-polar organic colloid phase. A method for rapid and substantially complete transfer of non-agglomerated nanoparticles to the low polarity phase in the presence of an organic amine, and a rapid phase separation of the substantially non-polar colloid from a remnant aqueous phase, are provided.

Abstract: Provided is an alumina-based sulfur recovery catalyst as well as its preparation method, characterized in that the catalyst has a specific surface area of at least about 350 m2/g, a pore volume of at least about 0.40 ml/g, and the pore volume of pores having a pore diameter of at least 75 nm comprises at least about 30% of the pore volume. The alumina-based catalyst according to present invention is made from flashed calcined alumina, pseudoboehmite and optionally, a binder. The present invention further relates to an use of the alumina-based sulfur recovery catalyst and a method for recovering sulfur by using this catalyst.

Abstract: A catalyst unit is described comprising a cylinder with a length C and a diameter D, wherein said unit has five holes arranged in a pentagonal pattern extending longitudinally therethrough, with five flutes running along the length of the unit, said flutes positioned equidistant adjacent holes of said pentagonal pattern. The catalyst may be used particularly in steam reforming reactors.