Abstract: An improved process for the production of linear alternating polymer of carbon monoxide and at least one ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon comprises contacting the reactants in the presence of a catalyst composition formed from a palladium salt, a bidentate phosphorus ligand, and a tertiary monophosphine or a secondary phosphine oxide present in specified quantity.

Abstract: A catalyst used in a process for producing a .beta.-hydroxyester product or a .beta.-hydroxyaldehyde product from ethylene oxide, carbon monoxide, and, optionally, hydrogen, is disclosed. This process uses, as a catalyst, a catalyst comprising rhodium, ruthenium, and a Group Va promoter.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to concentrated water soluble organic salts of the lanthanides, particularly the cerium salts which are useful in the production of exhaust emission reduction catalysts. The preferred compositions comprise cerium acetate with gluconic acid and excess acetic acid.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to active compositions, such as adsorbents and catalysts, which comprise cuprous compounds dispersed on amorphous oxide or carbon macroporous supports. The compositions are prepared by impregnating cupric compounds on pretreated supports with the aid of an aqueous solution of an ammonium salt of a di- or polycarboxylic acid dispersant, such as ammonium citrate, followed by activation of the cupric compound or reduction of the cupric compound to the corresponding cuprous compound. Methods of synthesis and processes utilizing the compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to modified calcium-containng catalysts and the use thereof in the preparation of alkoxylation products, i.e., condensation reaction products of alkylene oxides and organic compounds having at least one active hydrogen. In another aspect of this invention, processes are provided for preparing modified calcium-containing catalysts for alkoxylation using calcium metal or a calcium-containing compound, e.g., calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide, as sources for the catalytically-active calcium and at least one divalent or polyvalent metal salt of an oxyacid as a modifier. In a further aspect of this invention, processes are provided for preparing alkoxylaton products that have beneficial, narrow molecular weight ranges using the modified calcium-containing catalysts.

Abstract: This invention relates to modified Group IIIB metal-containing bimetallic or polymetallic catalysts and the use thereof in the preparation of alkoxylation products, i.e., condensation reaction products of alkylene oxides and organic compounds having at least one active hydrogen. In another aspect of this invention, processes are provided for preparing the modified Group IIIB metal-containing bimetallic or polymetallic catalysts for alkoxylation using a Group IIIB metal or a Group IIIB metal-containing compound as sources for the catalytically-active Group IIIB metal. In a further aspect of this invention, processes are provided for preparing alkoxylation products that have beneficial, narrow molecular weight ranges using the modified Group IIIB metal-containing bimetallic or polymetallic catalysts.

Abstract: This invention relates to modified calcium-containing bimetallic or polymetallic catalysts and the use thereof in the preparation of alkoxylation products, i.e., condensation reaction products of alkylene oxides and organic compounds having at least one active hydrogen. In another aspect of this invention, processes are provided for preparing modified calcium-containing bimetallic or polymetallic catalysts for alkoxylation using calcium metal or a calcium-containing compound as sources for the catalytically-active calcium. In a further aspect of this invention, processes are provided for preparing alkoxylation products that have beneficial, narrow molecular weight ranges using the modified calcium-containing bimetallic or polymetallic catalysts.

Abstract: This invention relates to modified Group IIA metal-containing (other than calcium-containing) bimetallic or polymetallic catalysts and the use thereof in the preparation of alkoxylation products, i.e., condensation reaction products of alkylene oxides and organic compounds having at least one active hydrogen. In another aspect of this invention, processes are provided for preparing the modified Group IIA metal-containing bimetallic or polymetallic catalysts for alkoxylation using a Group IIA metal or a Group IIA metal-containing compound as sources for the catalytically-active Group IIA metal. In a further aspect of this invention, processes are provided for preparing alkoxylation products that have beneficial, narrow molecular weight ranges using the modified Group IIA metal-containing bimetallic or polymetallic catalysts.

Abstract: This invention relates to modified bimetallic or polymetallic (other than Groups IA, IIA and IIB metals) catalysts and the use thereof in the preparation of alkoxylation products, i.e., condensation reaction products of alkylene oxides and organic compounds having at least one active hydrogen. In another aspect of this invention, processes are provided for preparing the modified bimetallic or polymetallic catalysts for alkoxylation using a divalent or polyvalent metal or a divalent or polyvalent metal-containing compound as sources for the catalytically-active metal. In a further aspect of this invention, processes are provided for preparing alkoxylation products that have beneficial, narrow molecular weight ranges using the modified bimetallic or polymetallic catalysts.

Abstract: A catalyst useful for selectively converting a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen to a mixture of lower alkanols consisting essentially of a mixture of molybdenum sulfide, an alkali metal compound and a tantalum compound.

Abstract: A catalyst composition is provided which comprises at least one specified metal salt of a weak acid and a zinc salt of a weak acid or an iron salt of a weak acid. A process for preparing a N-halothio-sulfonamide-modified terpolymer of ethylene, an alpha olefin and a diene utilizing the catalyst is also provided. The catalyst is a selective catalyst in this process.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the partial oxidation of a polymethylbenzene to the corresponding aromatic polycarboxylic acid, which process comprises contacting in a reaction zone said polymethylbenzene with molecular oxygen in the presence of an oxidation catalyst comprising at least one heavy-metal compound, said heavy-metal compound being acetate free, a source of bromine, and a non-metal acetate compound, the concentration of acetate in the reaction zone being employed to control the rate of oxidation and the selectivity of oxidation.There is also provided the catalyst that is employed in the process.

Abstract: A catalyst for addition polymerization comprising:(a) an (initiator) first component of Formula (I):MX(Y.sub.n)Z.sub.p (I)whereinM is Si, Ge or Sn;n is O or an integer, and p is an integer such that (n+p)=3;X is a radical ##STR1## where Q and Q.sup.1 are each independently N, P or As;Q.sup.2 is O, S, NR or PR where R is C.sub.1-4 alkyl;R.sup.1 is H or optionally substituted hydrocarbyl; andR.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently optionally substituted hydrocarbyl, or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together are optionally substituted aliphatic hydrocarbadiyl;all such R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 being inert in the process conditions of the present invention;Y is A or OA where A is optionally substituted hydrocarbyl inert in the process conditions of the present invention, or trialkylsilylalkyl; andZ is independently any group as definedd for Y, or an organic polymer radical comprising further MXY.sub.n moieties; orp is 2 andZ.sub.2 is a group Z.sup.1 .sub.2 of the formula --OSiR.sup.5 R.sup.8 O-- where R.sup.5, R.sup.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a composition comprising an isocyanate-reactive compound and a catalyst comprising a bismuth carboxylate and a zirconium carboxylate, wherein the catalyst is present in an amount sufficient to catalyze a reaction with the isocyanate-reactive compound and a polyisocyanate. Also disclosed is a process for preparing a composition, which comprises contacting an isocyanate-reactive compound with a polyisocyanate, in the presence of an effective amount of a catalyst comprising a bismuth carboxylate and a zirconium carboxylate, under reaction conditions sufficient to form a composition containing at least one urethane group.

Abstract: Improved three-way catalysts for use in converting the exhaust gases from internal combustion engines include ceria supported by an alumina or other metal oxide and the ceria in the freshly prepared catalysts is in the form of crystallites having a size less than 50 .ANG. as measured by X-ray diffraction.

Abstract: Silica supports for use in the production of catalysts for olefin polymerization, in particular where the surface is substantially free from reactive hydroxyl groups, comprise (RCOO).sub.2 Mg deposited on the surface of the silica and/or groups of the general formula R(CO.sub.2 MgO).sub.n linked to surface silicon atoms, where R is a hydrocarbon radical and n=1 to 6. Such supports are suitable for the production of stereospecific catalysts of high activity in the polymerization of olefins especially propylene.

Abstract: The present patent application relates to stable, finely-dispersed, aqueous single-component silicone catalysts which have been obtained by combining a silicone dispersion which is free to essentially free of lower monohydric alcohols and has been prepared in a conventional manner in the presence of long-chain liquid alcohols having 6 to 18 carbon atoms and with the use of known epoxyamine prepolymers as emulsifiers with a separately prepared, conventional nonionic or cationic dispersion of organometallic compounds.In addition, a process for the preparation of this emulsion and the use thereof are described.The catalysts according to the invention are distinguished by not having a flashpoint or having a flashpoint above 65.degree. C. and nevertheless having excellent stability, in particular mechanical stability.

Abstract: Curable mixtures comprisinga) at least one epoxy resin containing on average more than one 1,2-epoxy group per molecule,b) at least one cyclic carboxylic anhydride,c) an adduct of a zinc salt of a C.sub.6 -C.sub.18 carboxylic acid with a tertiary amine, andd) optionally a filler and/or further conventional modifiers have a long pot life without impairment of the brief curing time at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: An oxidation process is provided for converting dixylylpropane to isopropylidene bis(phthalic acid) in good yields with minimal by-product production, especially trimellitic acid production. The oxidation process employs an oxidation catalyst that includes zirconium as well as cobalt, manganese, and bromine.

Abstract: Zinc carboxylate catalysts for the copolymerization of carbon dioxide and epoxides are prepared by the reaction of zinc oxide with glutaric or adipic acid in an aprotic reaction solvent. Azeotropic distillation may be used to separate the water-solvent phase from the reaction mixture, or the catalyst may be separated from the reaction mixture by filtration and drying, generally without the need for repeated washings to remove active hydrogen atom sources. Examples of aprotic reaction solvents are toluene, dibutyl ether, anisole and ethyl benzoate.

Abstract: An improved process for making a bismuth carboxylate is disclosed which generally comprises (A) heating an anhydrous reaction mixture comprising a carboxylic acid or anhydride, bismuth metal, and hydrazine to a temperature of from about 80.degree. C. up to, but not including, the temperature of decomposition of any reactant, hydrazine, or the desired bismuth carboxylate, (B) bubbling an oxygen-containing gas through the reaction mixture during (A), and (C) removing water formed during (B) from the reaction mixture. Bismuth carboxylate compositions are also disclosed which contain at least 70 equivalents of a bismuth carboxylate derived from at least one carboxylic acid or anhydride having from about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, the composition having a viscosity of not more than 1000 centipoise at 25.degree. C.

Abstract: Metal drier moderated to provide compositions of extended pot life by at least one molybdenum compound. Coating compositions of free radical polymerizable compounds and moderated metal drier exhibit lower propensity to yellowing when they are cured.

Abstract: A catalyst prepared by (a) impregnating a catalyst carrier with an aqueous solution of a palladium salt and a salt of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of copper, lead, ruthenium and rhenium in an amount corresponding to 90 to 95% of the water absorption of the carrier, (b) treating the impregnated carrier with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal salt in an amount corresponding to 120 to 500% of the water absorption of the carrier to precipitate water-insoluble compounds of palladium and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of copper, lead, ruthenium and rhenium on the carrier, (c) treating the metal compounds-deposited carrier with a reducing agent to convert the compounds to the corresponding metals, and (d) further supporting an alkali metal acetate on the carrier, had a high catalytic activity for the reaction of forming allyl acetate by reacting propylene, acetic acid and oxygen in the gas phase, and the selectivity to allyl acetate is very high and the life of thi

Abstract: A plywood-patching composition is provided based on a non-cellular polyurethane elastomer prepared by reacting a polyether or polyester polyol with a polyisocyanate in the presence of a catalytic amount of a co-catalyst system comprising an organo-bismuth compound, preferably a bismuth salt of a carboxylic acid, and at least one organo-metallic compound, preferably a metal salt of a carboxylic acid, wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of zinc, antimony and lithium and wherein the bismuth and metal are present in an effective mole ratio; and process for preparing same. The catalysts utilized are relatively non-toxic, yet they promote rapid polymerization with essentially no foaming for a wide variety of non-cellular polyurethane elastomeric applications, particularly in plywood-patch applications where even small amounts of foaming are deleterious to the properties thereof.

Abstract: A novel catalyst system, a process for using the novel catalyst system, and a product made from the process is described. The novel catalyst system is specific for producing polyethylene terephtalate made from reacting terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, wherein the catalyst system includes antimony; cobalt and/or zinc, and at least one of zinc, magnesium, manganese or calcium. The antimony is generally present from about 150 ppm to about 650 ppm. The cobalt and/or zinc is usually present from about 5 ppm to about 60 ppm, and the zinc, magnesium, manganese or calcium, as the third component, is generally present from about 10 ppm to about 150 ppm. The amounts of all catalyst components are based on the theoretical yield of the polymer. Using the novel catalyst system to produce PET drastically reduces the polymerization time without sacrificing color and clarity of the polymer produced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions containing phosphonitrile chlorides and/or compositions thereof containing reaction products which accelerate the condensation and/or equilibration of organo(poly)siloxanes, halogen-free organic solvents and solubilizers and the use of such compositions in the condensation and/or equilibration of organo(poly)siloxanes.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a zinc-containing solid catalyst prepared by contacting zinc oxide with an organic dicarboxylic acid in the presence of or in the absence of an organic solvent under a mechanical pulverization treatment is provided. The catalyst is in a good pulverized state and exhibits a high catalytic activity for polymerization of carbon dioxide with an epoxide to obtain a polyalkylene carbonate.

Abstract: A process for the production of methanol comprising contacting a gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen with a catalytic system, obtainable by combination of:component (a): a substantially dry nickel formate,component (b): water in a predetermined amount in relation to the nickel formate amount and,component (c): an alcoholate derived from an alkali metal or from an alkaline earth metal, and activation the combined components,and a catalyst system to be used in this process.Preferably the molar ratio between nickel formate and water is in the rate from 1:3.5 to 1:1 and more preferably from 1:3.0 to 1:1.5.

Abstract: A process is provided for regenerating metallo-organic catalyst used in copolymerizing carbon dioxide with epoxides to form poly(alkylene carbonates). The catalyst is a polyvalent metal dicarboxylate and the regeneration procedure involves contacting spent or deactivated catalyst with dicarboxylic acid, preferably in a slurry. In one aspect the copolymerization is carried out and catalyst is separated from the polymerization mixture, reactivated with the dicarboxylic acid, such as glutaric or adipic acid, and reused in copolymerization to form poly(alkylene carbonate).

Abstract: An improved process for the production of linear alternating polymers of carbon monoxide and at least one ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon employs a catalyst composition formed from a palladium salt and a phosphino-substituted sulfonic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the hydroconversion of heavy crude oil and an improved regenerable catalyst for use therein. The process broadly comprises (a) introducing into a hydroconversion reaction zone a feedstock of crude oil, hydrogen, from about 10 to about 1000 wppm of an active phase source selected from the group consisting of Group VB metals, Group VIB metals, Group VIIB metals, Group VIIIB metals, Group IA metals, Group IIA metals, and mixtures thereof, and from about 0.1 to about 20.0 wt. % of a refractory carrier material having a surface area in the range of from about 10 to about 700 m.sup.2 /g, a total pore volume of from about 0.1 to about 2.0 cm.sup.3 /g, an average pore diameter in the range of from about 20 to about 4,000 .ANG., a particle size diameter in the range of from about 1 to about 1000 .mu.m and pore size distribution according to the following:______________________________________ Pores of radius r (.ANG.

Abstract: In the process of producing a linear alternating polymer of carbon monoxide and at least one ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon in the presence of a palladium salt, the anion of a strong non-hydrohalogenic acid and a bis(phosphino)propane, improved polymerization rates are obtained when employing a novel catalyst composition formed from a novel 1,3-bis(phosphino)propane wherein the propane moiety is additionally substituted in the 2 position with two hydrocarbyl substituents.

Abstract: This invention reveals a technique for preparing syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene latex. It more specifically discloses a process for synthesizing syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene latex by polymerizing 1,3-butadiene in an aqueous medium in the presence of (1) at least one emulsifier, (2) a catalyst emulsion composition which is prepared by a microfluidization or microemulsification process, and (3) at least one member selected from the group consisting of carbon disulfide and phenyl isothiocyanate. Such syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene latices can be utilized in preparing blends of syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene with rubbers which are prepared by emulsion polymerization.

Abstract: The invention is an improved catalytic process for removing H.sub.2 S and sulfanes from liquid sulfur and a catalyst system for carrying out the process. The catalyst comprises a basic component and a surfactant component.

Abstract: Metal drier compositions comprising at least one soluble compound of niobium, zirconium, titanium, tungsten, or aluminum used in coating compositions of free radical polymerizable compounds to extend pot life and lower propensity to yellowing of the dried composition.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of methanol by contacting CO and H.sub.2 with a novel catalytic system formed by combining (a) a nickel salt of a carboxylic acid having a pK.sub.a >4.76, (b) an alcohol, and (c) a hydride of an alkali metal or of an alkaline earth metal.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of methanol by contacting CO and H.sub.2 with a novel catalytic system formed by combining (a) a nickel salt having a pK.sub.a <4.70, (b) an alcohol, and (c) a hydride of an alkali metal or of an alkaline earth metal.

Abstract: Process for the selective oxidative carbonylation of a conjugated diene with carbon monoxide and an alcohol in a quantity of at least 2 mol equivalents per mol diene, in the presence of a catalyst system which comprises the following components:(a) a compound of a metal, selected from one or more platinum group metals,(b) an oxidizing agent in the form of quinone and/or derivatives thereof, and(c) a compound of a metal, selected from manganese or vanadium.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for preparing a substituted cyclic carboxylic acid from a corresponding substituted cyclic hydrocarbon. The hydrocarbon is oxidized in oxygen or air in a liquid phase in an organic solvent under alkaline conditions, in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of metal tetraphenylporphins, metal acetylacetonates, metal phthalocyanines and mixtures thereof. The oxidation is capable of proceeding generally at room temperature and atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: An improved Direct Reaction process which comprises reacting an organohalide with an activated silicon composition, the improvement comprising maintaining the composition of the activated silicon so that it comprises, based on the amount of silicon, 0.05-10 wt. % catalyst; an effective amount of promoter, and 0.001-0.1 wt. % tin, wherein the promoter to tin ratio is 10-250. Activated silicon compositions and methods for selecting a catalyst composition also are provided.

Abstract: The formation of carbon on metals exposed to hydrocarbons in a thermal cracking process is reduced by contacting such metals with an antifoulant selected from the group consisting of an organic compound of chromium, a combination of tin and elemental chromium or an organic compound of chromium, a combination of antimony and elemental chromium or an organic compound of chromium and a combination of tin, antimony and elemental chromium or an organic compound of chromium.

Abstract: The additional of redox-active metal components and ligands, alternatively or simultaneously, results in increased conversion and selectivity in the palladium-catalyzed oxidation of olefins to carbonyl products in the presence of polyoxoanions. In preferred modes, heteropolyoxoanions and Isopolyoxoanions containing tungsten, molybdenum and vanadium, individually or in combination, are described. The use of copper as the redox-active metal component shows reduced allylic reactivity. The elimination of chloride from the catalyst system provides substantial engineering advantages over the prior art, particularly, the reduction of corrosion and chloro-organic by-product formation. The use of redox-active metal components and/or ligands makes the palladium-polyoxoanion catalyst system industrially practicable.

Abstract: Fluorinated pentanedione-stabilized metal driers provide coating compositions of extended pot life. Allyloxy activated surface coatings of free radical-polymerizable compounds having fluorinated pentanedione stabilized metal drier and peroxide free radical initiator provide durable films.

Abstract: Insoluble complex oxidation catalysts comprising chromium salts bound on an insoluble polymer supports having pendant pyridine groups, that are useful in oxidation reactions such as Tetralin.RTM. to .alpha.-tetralone, ethylbenzene to acetophenone, and 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine to 2-methyl-5-acetylpyridine. Also disclosed are processes for accomplishing such oxidations utilizing such catalysts.

Abstract: Composition for polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomer with initiator of perester salt of maleic acid and bisulfite activator in water-in-oil emulsion form.

Abstract: Lewis acids such as triphenyl borate, triphenylborane and aluminum isopropoxide are employed to inhibit or control the formation of linear polycarbonates from cyclic polycarbonate oligomers. Inhibition of polymerization initiated by impurities in the cyclics is noted. When polymerization is effected by basic polycarbonate formation catalysts, the Lewis acids can act as reaction rate accelerators or inhibitors depending on reaction parameters.

Abstract: Polymerization of methyl methacrylate with initiator of perester salt of maleic acid is faster and better by providing bisulfite activator in water-in-oil emulsion form.

Abstract: A catalyst system for the selective carbonylation of conjugated dienes in the presence of a hydroxyl-group-containing compound in the liquid phase comprising a combination of:(a) palladium or a compound of;(b) an organic phosphorus, antimony or arsenic derivative according to the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents an aryl group substituted with at least one electron-attracting group and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each represent individually an aryl group or an aryl group substituted with at least one electron-attracting group and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each represent individually an aryl group or an aryl group substituted with at least one electron-attracting group and wherein Q represents phosphine, antimony or arsenic; and(c) an acid with a pka from about 2.5 to about 4.0, said acid being a condensed aromatic carboxylic acid or a benzoic acid substituted with at least one electron attracting group selected from the group consisting of (1) halogen, (2) hydroxy, and (3) methoxy.

Abstract: An improved process for dehydrating alcohols in which the catalyst used in the dehydration process is activated using an organic carboxylic acid.

Abstract: Disclosed is an activatable catalyst which is effective for the reaction of a hydroxyl compound and an isocyanate. Preferably, the catalyst is utilized in the cure of a coating composition of a polyol and a polyisocyanate. The activatable catalyst is activated in the presence of an amine activator or heat and comprises the reaction product of a metal catalyst selected from a tin catalyst, a bismuth catalyst, and mixtures thereof; and a molar excess of a complexing agent. The complexing agent is selected from a mercapto compound, a polyphenol characterized by being reactable with an isocyanate group in the presence of a tertiary amine activator, and mixtures thereof. A single polyol resin may bear both the complexing functionality and the activatable catalyst. Advantageusly, the polyol and polyisocyanate both are aliphatic.