Abstract: A method of producing a separation membrane includes a seed crystal adhesion step of adhering zeolite seed crystals to a porous support formed of stainless steel to obtain a seed crystal-bearing support and a separation layer formation step of forming a porous separation layer formed of a zeolite on the seed crystal-bearing support. The stainless steel has a contact angle with water of 90° or more. The seed crystal adhesion step includes bringing the zeolite seed crystals and a solvent having a contact angle with the stainless steel of 30° or less into contact with the porous support.

Abstract: An improved reforming process for producing aromatic hydrocarbons is disclosed. The process includes two reformers arranged in parallel flow configuration, with the first reformer being a conventional reformer comprising a catalyst selective for reforming C8+ hydrocarbons to a reformate and the second reformer comprising a catalyst selective for reforming C7? hydrocarbons to a reformate. In certain embodiments, the first reformer catalyst comprises a conventional alumina catalyst and the second reformer catalyst comprises a ZSM-5 catalyst.

Abstract: M(SiF6)(pyz)3 (M=Cu, Zn, Co, or Ni) has a pore size between a size of H2 and a size of CO2, and thus exhibits prominent screening performance for H2/CO2. A strong interaction between Cu(SiF6)(bpy)2 and a CO2 molecule can hinder the transport of the CO2 molecule. The above two MOFs both can achieve the H2/CO2 separation. By preparing a dense MSiF6/polymer layer, MSiF6 is uniformly dispersed in the polymer and is fixed, and subsequently, MSiF6 is converted into M(SiF6)(pyz)3 or Cu(SiF6)(bpy)2 by interacting with an organic ligand. Through vapor-induced in-situ conversion, MOF particles can be well dispersed without interface defects between the MOF particles and the polymer. Even at a doping amount of 80%, the mechanical flexibility and stability of the MMM can still be retained.

Abstract: Provided is a technique for continuously performing poor solvent crystallization or reactive crystallization. A porous membrane in which multiple pores through which a liquid passes are formed internally partitions the treatment container into a first flow space and a second flow space. A raw material liquid supply unit continuously supplies a raw material liquid to the first flow space. A treatment liquid supply unit continuously supplies a treatment liquid to the second flow space at a pressure at which the treatment liquid passes through the porous membrane and enters the first flow space. An extraction unit continuously extracts a mixed liquid of the raw material liquid and the treatment liquid from the first flow space. An aging unit precipitates and grows crystals of a target substance from a mixed liquid.

Abstract: Methods and systems for preparing and preserving biological samples are disclosed herein. A method comprises contacting a preserving agent with a biological sample to form a mixture, wherein the preserving agent is selected from at least one of a metal-organic framework (MOF) encapsulant or a precursor forming a MOF encapsulant, and wherein the biological sample comprises at least one target analyte. A system comprises a preserving agent selected from at least one of a metal-organic framework (MOF) encapsulant or a precursor forming a MOF encapsulant; and a substrate configured to receive a drop cast mixture of the preserving agent and a biological sample, wherein the biological sample comprises at least one target analyte.

Abstract: A separation method includes a separation step of using a zeolite membrane composite to separate a branched diolefin from a branched hydrocarbon mixture containing the branched diolefin and at least one branched hydrocarbon in which the number of carbon-carbon double bonds is 1 or less and that is of an equivalent carbon number n to the branched diolefin. The zeolite membrane composite used in this step is a zeolite membrane composite that includes a porous support and a FAU-type zeolite membrane formed on at least one surface of the porous support, and in which the FAU-type zeolite membrane is a silylated FAU-type zeolite membrane including a silyl group at the surface thereof.

Abstract: A low cost, high selectivity asymmetric polyimide/polyethersulfone (PES) blend hollow fiber membrane, a method of making the membrane and its use for a variety of liquid, gas, and vapor separations such as deep desulfurization of gasoline and diesel fuels, ethanol/water separations, pervaporation dehydration of aqueous/organic mixtures, CO2/CH4, CO2/N2, H2/CH4, He/CH4, O2/N2, H2S/CH4, olefin/paraffin, iso/normal paraffins separations, and other light gas mixture separations. The polyimide/PES blend hollow fiber membrane is fabricated from a blend of a polyimide polymer and PES and showed surprisingly unique gas separation property with higher selectivities than either the polyimide hollow fiber membrane without PES polymer or the PES hollow fiber membrane without PES polymer for gas separations such as for H2/CH4, He/CH4, H2S/CH4, CO2/CH4 separations.

Abstract: A hydrogen production system comprising: a fuel source; a water source; and a hydrogen producer; where the fuel source and the water source are in fluid communication with the hydrogen producer; and where fuel enters the hydrogen producer from the fuel source and water enters the hydrogen producer from the water source and the fuel and the water do not come in contact with each other in the hydrogen producer.

Abstract: Disclosed are a MWW/DDR type gas separation membrane comprising at least one MWW type zeolite and at least one DDR type zeolite and a method for preparing the same. One of the MWW type zeolite and the DDR type zeolite is disposed on the other thereof, wherein at least one of the MWW type zeolite and the DDR type zeolite is epitaxially grown. In the gas separation membrane, the DDR type zeolite is epitaxially grown from the MWW type zeolite, or the MWW type zeolite is epitaxially grown from the DDR type zeolite. Thus, the MWW/DDR type gas separation membrane is synthesized using a structural continuity of the MWW type zeolite and the DDR type zeolite. Thus, the gas separation membrane has excellent separation efficiency.

Abstract: A multilayer supported oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) catalyst composition (support, first single oxide layer, one or more mixed oxide layers, optional second single oxide layer) characterized by formula AaZbEcDdOx/support; A is alkaline earth metal; Z is first rare earth element; E is second rare earth element; D is redox agent/third rare earth element; the first, second, third rare earth element are not the same; a=1.0; b=0.1-10.0; c=0.1-10.0; d=0-10.0; x balances oxidation states; first single oxide layer (Zb1Ox1, b1=0.1-10.0; x1 balances oxidation states) contacts support and one or more mixed oxide layers; one or more mixed oxide layers (Aa2Zb2Ec2Dd2Ox2, a2=1.0; b2=0.1-10.0; c2=0.1-10.0; d2=0-10.0; x2 balances oxidation states; AaZbEcDdOx and Aa2Zb2Ec2Dd2Ox2 are different) contacts first single oxide layer and optionally second single oxide layer, and second single oxide layer (AO), when present, contacts one or more mixed oxide layers and optionally first single oxide layer.

Abstract: A method for producing a crystalline film comprising zeolite and/or zeolite-like crystals on a porous substrate is described. The method has the steps of: providing a porous support; modifying at least a surface of the top-layer of said porous support by treatment with a composition having one or more cationic polymer(s); rendering at least the outer surface of said porous support hydrophobic by treatment with a composition having one or more hydrophobic agent(s); subjecting said treated porous support to a composition having zeolite and/or zeolite-like crystals thereby depositing and attaching zeolite and/or zeolite-like crystals on said treated porous support, and growing a crystalline film of zeolite and/or zeolite-like crystals on said treated porous support and calcination. Crystalline films find use in a variety of fields such as in the production of membranes, catalysts etc.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a hierarchical porous zeolite membrane and an application thereof, comprising the following steps: a mesoporous structure-directing agent is added to limit the growth of zeolite crystals, and self-assembled in the crystallization process to generate a mesoporous structure. Based on a seed crystal induced secondary nucleation mechanism, this method can realize one-step hydrothermal synthesis of hierarchical porous zeolite membrane with the advantages of mild and controllable synthesis conditions, simple process, good repeatability, reduced energy consumption and cost savings. The hierarchical porous zeolite membrane prepared by the method has good cut-off performance, and the cut-off molecular weight is adjustable between 200 to 500,000 Da.

Abstract: A repair method for a separation membrane including a step of applying a colloidal solution to a surface of a separation membrane formed on a support. The colloidal solution has a predetermined pH. In colloidal solution, repair material particles are dispersed in an aqueous solvent. The repair material particles have an electrical charge that is opposite to an electrical charge of the support at the predetermined pH.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an ion selective separation membrane including: a metal organic framework layer formed on, in, and/or around a substrate, the metal organic framework having a crystal structure that includes a first surface and a second surface and includes ion transport channels formed between respective pore windows in the first surface and the second surface; first and second electrodes to apply a potential difference across the membrane; wherein the respective pore windows have a pore size that is less than the hydrated diameter of the ion for which the ion selective separation membrane is selective.

Abstract: An adsorptive material for adsorption of a noble gas can include a mesoporous support material having a plurality of pores and a pattern of metal atoms deposited onto the mesoporous support material.

Abstract: Intermittent energy sources, including solar and wind, require scalable, low-cost, multi-hour energy storage solutions to be effectively incorporated into the grid. Redox-flow batteries offer a solution, but suffer from rapid capacity fade and low Coulombic efficiency due to the high permeability of redox-active species across the battery's membrane. Here we show that active-species crossover can be arrested by scaling the membrane's pore size to molecular dimensions and in turn increasing the size of the active material to be above the membrane's pore-size exclusion limit. When oligomeric redox-active organic molecules were paired with microporous polymer membranes, the rate of active-material crossover was either completely blocked or slowed more than 9,000-fold compared to traditional separators at minimal cost to ionic conductivity. In the case of the latter, this corresponds to an absolute rate of ROM crossover of less than 3 ?mol cm?2 day?1 (for a 1.

Abstract: A method for converting an alcohol to a jet-diesel hydrocarbon fraction, comprising contacting the alcohol with a pillared two-dimensional zeolite catalyst at a temperature of at least 200° C. and up to 500° C. to convert the alcohol to hydrocarbons comprising: (a) a first mixed olefin fraction containing a mixture of C2-C5 olefins; (b) a first paraffin fraction containing C3-C5 paraffins; and (c) a gasoline fraction containing C6+ hydrocarbons; and the conversion of the alcohol is energy neutral or exothermic. The first mixed olefin fraction may be subjected to an oligomerization process to result in a second paraffin fraction containing C3-C6 paraffins along with a C7+ partially unsaturated fraction, and the first and second paraffin fractions combined into a total C3-C6 paraffin fraction, which can in turn be subjected to a dehydrogenation or aromatization process with hydrogen gas as byproduct, and the hydrogen gas recycled for use in producing the jet-diesel fraction.

Abstract: A membrane comprising a crystalline material deposited on a porous support. The crystalline material is made of tectosilicate with a portion of the Si atoms substituted with metal atoms. The membrane is useful in the separation of oil and water.

Abstract: In one aspect of the present invention, a hydrogen occlusion body includes: a hydrogen occlusion layer containing a material whose optical property reversibly changes upon hydrogenation and dehydrogenation; and a catalyst layer containing a palladium-ruthenium alloy.

Abstract: A process for producing a zeolite membrane composite includes a step of obtaining FAU-type seed crystals, a step of depositing the FAU-type seed crystals on a support, a step of forming an AFX-type zeolite membrane on the support by immersing the support in a raw material solution and growing an AFX-type zeolite from the FAU-type seed crystals by hydrothermal synthesis, and a step of removing a structure-directing agent from the AFX-type zeolite membrane. In this way, the AFX-type zeolite membrane can be provided.

Abstract: Co-polyimide membranes for separating components of sour natural gas where embodiments can include at least three distinct moieties polymerized together, the moieties including a 2,2?-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA) based moiety; a 9,9-bis(4-aminophenyl) fluorene (CARDO) based moiety; and 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (durene diamine) based moiety.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing a nano SAPO-34 molecular sieve, and an SAPO-34 molecular sieve catalyst and application thereof. A nano SAPO-34 molecular sieve is synthesized by adding a microporous templating agent and a templating agent having a functionalized organic silane to hydrothermal synthesis. The nano SAPO-34 molecular sieve is calcined to obtain a nano SAPO-34 molecular sieve catalyst. The catalyst can be used in a reaction for preparing low-carbon olefin from an oxygen-containing compound. The nano SAPO-34 molecular sieve obtained by this method has a pure CHA crystal phase. Moreover, the nano SAPO-34 molecular sieve catalyst obtained by this method has good catalytic performance in a MTO reaction, the service life of the catalyst is significantly prolonged, and the selectivity of the low-carbon olefin is improved.

Abstract: A method of preparing a hybrid membrane, the method including: evenly mixing a granular material and a dispersant, to yield a dispersion solution; evenly mixing a polymer and an organic solvent, to yield a matrix solution; adding the matrix solution to the dispersion solution to yield a mixed solution; heating the mixed solution to remove the dispersant, to yield a casting solution; and coating the casting solution on a substrate, followed by removal of the organic solvent, to yield a hybrid membrane.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for producing a crystalline film comprising zeolite and/or zeolite-like crystals on a porous substrate The method includes the steps of: a) providing a porous substrate, b) rendering at least a part of said porous substrate hydrophobic by treatment with a composition comprising one or more hydrophobic agent(s), d) subjecting said treated porous substrate to a composition comprising zeolite and/or zeolite-like crystals thereby depositing and attaching zeolite and/or zeolite-like crystals on said treated porous substrate, and e) growing a crystalline film comprising zeolite and/or zeolite-like crystals on said treated porous substrate obtained in step d). Crystalline films find use in a variety of fields such as in the production of membranes, catalysts etc.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a zeolite membrane structure includes a step of forming a first zeolite membrane on a porous support by hydrothermal synthesis in a state in which the porous support is immersed in a first zeolite membrane formation solution, a step of immersing the porous support formed the first zeolite membrane for greater than or equal to 5 minutes in a second zeolite membrane formation solution at greater than or equal to 10 degrees C. and less than or equal to 70 degrees C. and greater than or equal to pH 10, and a step of forming a second zeolite membrane on the first zeolite membrane by hydrothermal synthesis in a state in which the porous support formed the first zeolite membrane is immersed in the second zeolite membrane formation solution. The first zeolite membrane and the second zeolite membrane share at least one composite building unit constituting a framework structure.

Abstract: Stabilized surfactant-based membranes and methods of manufacture thereof. Membranes comprising a stabilized surfactant mesostructure on a porous support may be used for various separations, including reverse osmosis and forward osmosis. The membranes are stabilized after evaporation of solvents; in some embodiments no removal of the surfactant is required. The surfactant solution may or may not comprise a hydrophilic compound such as an acid or base. The surface of the porous support is preferably modified prior to formation of the stabilized surfactant mesostructure. The membrane is sufficiently stable to be utilized in commercial separations devices such as spiral wound modules.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for treating a surface of a filled microporous membrane. The microporous membrane includes a polyolefinic matrix, inorganic filler distributed throughout the matrix, and a network of interconnecting pores throughout the membrane. The method includes sequentially (1) contacting the membrane with a first treatment composition comprising an epoxy-silane which is in intimate contact with the inorganic filler; (2) subjecting the membrane of (1) to conditions sufficient to effect a first reaction between the inorganic filler and the silane groups of the epoxy-silane compound; (3) contacting the membrane of (2) with a second treatment composition comprising polyalkylene polyamine, an amine functional polysaccharide and/or an amino silane; and (4) subjecting the membrane of (3) to conditions sufficient to effect a second reaction. Treated membranes also are provided.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a separation membrane structure comprising a step of forming a first to nth zeolite membranes on a surface of a porous substrate by “n” repetitions (wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 2) of formation of a zeolite membrane by a method of hydrothermal synthesis. The following formula (1) is established in relation to the step of forming the first to the nth zeolite membranes. (Formula 1) N1/N0+0.1?T2˜n/T1?2N1/N0+2 (Wherein, N1 denotes a permeation rate of a predetermined gas in the substrate after formation of the first zeolite membrane, N0 denotes a permeation rate of a predetermined gas in the substrate before formation of the first zeolite membrane, T1 is a time required for formation of the first zeolite membrane, and T2˜n is a total time required for formation of the second to the nth zeolite membranes.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) electrolyte composition includes zirconia stabilized with scandia, and at least one of magnesia, zinc oxide, indium oxide, and gallium oxide, and optionally ceria in addition to the oxides above.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a porous support-zeolite membrane composite ensuring that at the time of separation or concentration with a zeolite membrane, both sufficient throughput and high separation performance are achieved in practice and the present invention relates to a porous support-zeolite membrane composite having a porous support and a zeolite membrane formed on the porous support, wherein part of the zeolite membrane penetrates into the inside of the porous support and the distance from the surface of the porous support to the inside into which the zeolite film penetrates is 5.0 ?m or less on average.

Abstract: Zeolite membrane sheets for separation of mixtures containing water are provided, as well as methods for making the same. Thin, but robust, zeolite membrane sheets having an inter-grown zeolite crystal film directly on a thin, less than 200 micron thick, porous support sheet free of any surface pores with a size above 10 microns. The zeolite membrane film thickness is less than about 10 microns above the support surface and less than about 5 microns below the support surface. Methods of preparing the membrane are disclosed which include coating of the support sheet surface with a seed coating solution containing the parent zeolite crystals with mean particle sizes from about 0.5 to 2.0 microns at loading of 0.05-0.5 mg/cm2 and subsequent growth of the seeded sheet in a growth reactor loaded with a growth solution over a temperature range of about 45° C. to about 120° C.

Abstract: Provided is a selective sonication-assisted deposition method of inorganic particles and CHA zeolite membranes grown from seeded uniform layers on substrates using the method and plate-like Si-CHA zeolite particles used for seed layer formation and manufacturing method of the same, in which thin inorganic particles may be selectively deposited on a substrate or on a support, and even a physical interaction between the deposited particles and supports (or substrates) alone allows for obtaining high surface coverage to form a uniform layer, which is critical in reproducible production of membranes of inorganic materials, such as zeolite, by secondary growth.

Abstract: This invention presents a metal-doped zeolite membrane-based apparatus containing molecular sieving zeolite thin film on the seeded porous substrate. The metal-doped zeolite membrane exhibits high selectivity to olefin over paraffins. The membrane is synthesized by seed coating and secondary growth method, followed by metal doping and post treatment processes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reverse osmosis membrane including: a porous support; and a polyamide active layer formed on the porous support and including zeolite, surface-treated with a compound having at least one functional group selected from a group consisting of an amino group and a glycidyl group, and a method of manufacturing the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a membrane-electrode assembly for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, in which the glass transition temperature of an electrolyte membrane is reduced using a hydrophilic solvent, and a membrane-electrode assembly for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, manufactured by the method. In the method of the invention, the glass transition temperature of the electrolyte membrane to which a catalyst is transferred is reduced compared to that in a conventional method for manufacturing a membrane-electrode assembly for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell using the decal process. Thus, even to an electrolyte membrane material having a relatively high glass transition temperature, the catalyst may be transferred at a rate of 100% at a temperature of about 120° C., at which hot pressing is carried out. Thus, the problems associated with electrolyte membrane deterioration occurring in conventional methods can be solved.

Abstract: The invention describes a crystallized hybrid solid with an organic-inorganic matrix, of a three-dimensional structure, containing an inorganic network of indium-based metal centers that are connected to one another by organic ligands that consist of the entity —O2C—C6H3—N3—CO2—. Said solid is called IHM-2-N3 and has an X-ray diffraction diagram as given below.

Abstract: A method for making a pentasil zeolite material includes forming an aqueous solution that includes a structure directing agent and a silica precursor; and heating the solution at a sufficient temperature and for sufficient time to form a pentasil zeolite material from the silica precursor, wherein the structure directing agent includes a quaternary phosphonium ion.

Abstract: The invention describes a crystallized hybrid solid with an organic-inorganic matrix, of a three-dimensional structure, containing an inorganic network of aluminum-based metal centers that are connected to one another by organic ligands that consist of the entity —O2C—C6H3—N3—CO2—. Said solid is called MIL-53-Al—N3 and has an X-ray diffraction diagram as given below.

Abstract: The present invention is for aromatic poly(ether sulfone imide) membranes and methods for making and using these membranes for gas, vapor, and liquid separations. The membranes may be fabricated into any known membrane configuration including a flat sheet or hollow fiber. An embodiment of the present invention is for aromatic poly(ether sulfone imide) polymers, aromatic poly(ether sulfone imide) membranes and UV cross-linked aromatic poly(ether sulfone imide) membranes made from these polymers.

Abstract: A manganese oxide contains M1, optionally M2, Mn and O. M1 is selected from the group consisting of In, Sc, Y, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu. M2 is different from M1, and M2 is selected from the group consisting of Bi, In, Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu. These ceramic materials are hexagonal in structure, and provide superior materials for gas separation and oxygen storage.

Abstract: The disclosure provides conductive membranes for water splitting and solar fuel generation. The membranes comprise an embedded semiconductive/photoactive material and an oxygen or hydrogen evolution catalyst. Also provided are chassis and cassettes containing the membranes for use in fuel generation.

Abstract: The present invention discloses composite inorganic membranes, methods for making the same, and methods of separating gases, vapors, and liquids using the same. The composite zeolite membrane is prepared by TS-1 zeolite membrane synthesis, and subsequent palladium doping. In the composite zeolite membrane synthesis, two different methods can be employed, including in-situ crystallization of one or more layers of zeolite crystals an a porous membrane substrate, and a second growth method by in-situ crystallization of a continuous second layer of zeolite crystals on a seed layer of MFI zeolite crystals supported on a porous membrane substrate. The membranes in the form of disks, tubes, or hollow fibers have high gas selectivity over other small gases, very good impurity resistance, and excellent thermal and chemical stability over polymer membranes and other inorganic membranes for gas, vapor, and liquid, separations.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a new type of polyimide membrane with high permeances and high selectivities for gas separations and particularly for CO2/CH4 and H2/CH4 separations. The polyimide membranes have CO2 permeability of 50 Barrers or higher and single-gas selectivity for CO2/CH4 of 15 or higher at 50° C. under 791 kPa for CO2/CH4 separation. The polyimide membranes have UV cross-linkable functional groups and can be used for the preparation of UV cross-linked polyimide membranes having CO2 permeability of 20 Barrers or higher and single-gas selectivity for CO2/CH4 of 35 or higher at 50° C. under 791 kPa for CO2/CH4 separation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a membrane, comprising in this order a first catalyst layer, an electronically and ionically conducting layer having a nanosized microstructure, and a second catalyst layer, characterized in that the electronically and ionically conducting layer is formed from an electrolyte material, a grain growth inhibitor and/or grain boundary modifier, and a method for producing same.

Abstract: Provided is a selective sonication-assisted deposition method of inorganic particles and CHA zeolite membranes grown from seeded uniform layers on substrates using the method and plate-like Si-CHA zeolite particles used for seed layer formation and manufacturing method of the same, in which thin inorganic particles may be selectively deposited on a substrate or on a support, and even a physical interaction between the deposited particles and supports (or substrates) alone allows for obtaining high surface coverage to form a uniform layer, which is critical in reproducible production of membranes of inorganic materials, such as zeolite, by secondary growth.

Abstract: Disclosed are composite materials and methods of using them for chromatography. The composite materials retain their performance characteristics, such as binding capacity, flux, or percent recovery, under caustic conditions (e.g., 1 M NaOH for 24 h). In certain embodiments, the composite materials or membranes comprise a support member, comprising a plurality of pores extending through the support member; and a cross-linked gel. Importantly, the cross-linker and the monomer do not contain backbone ester linkages. The composite materials may be used in the separation or purification of a biological molecule or biological ion.

Abstract: DDR nanocrystals were synthesized using hydrothermal secondary growth. The morphology of the nanoparticles can be manipulated by changing the ratio of silica to water, the synthesis temperature, and the mineralizing agents. Specifically, nanocrystals with morphology of hexagonal plates, octahedral, and diamond-like plates are disclosed. These nanoparticles can be used as seed coatings for DDR membrane growth on substrates, and for the fabrication of mixed matrix membranes, and for any other use where uniform, small DDR zeolite crystals are beneficial.

Abstract: A solid substrate for the extraction, stabilization, and storage of proteins is provided. The substrate includes: a polysaccharide, such as melezitose under a substantially dry state. The substrate is configured to extract proteins from a sample and stabilize the extracted proteins in a dry format under ambient conditions for a prolonged period of time. Methods for collecting and recovering the proteins stored in the dry solid substrate are also described.

Abstract: A method of making ceramic membranes, and the ceramic membranes so formed, comprising combining a ceramic precursor with an organic or inorganic comonomer, forming the combination as a thin film on a substrate, photopolymerizing the thin film, and pyrolyzing the photopolymerized thin film.

Abstract: There are provided a process for producing a zeolite membrane which, even when large, has few defects and which has higher separation performance than conventional zeolite membranes, and a zeolite membrane obtained by the process. In the process, the structure-directing agent is removed in the atmosphere having an O2 concentration of 22.0 vol % or more. Specifically, the process includes: a particle adhesion step of allowing zeolite particles functioning as seeds to flow down the surface of the substrate by means of the weight of the slurry itself, thereby adhering to the substrate and a membrane-forming step of forming a zeolite membrane on the substrate by immersing the substrate having the zeolite particles adhering thereto in sol containing the structure-directing agent for hydrothermal synthesis, thereby forming a zeolite membrane on the substrate.