Free Carbon Containing Patents (Class 502/413)
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Patent number: 5972525Abstract: Solid particles which comprise a substantially homogeneous mixture of an active carbon and an attrition-resistant inorganic substance and which have an average particle size of smaller than 300 .mu.m. The average particle size is preferred to range from 20 to 200 .mu.m. The inorganic substance is, for example, silica, titania, zirconia, alumina or silica-alumina. The active carbon is preferred to be contained in an amount of 5 to 70% by weight. The solid particles can be produced by spray drying a slurry containing an active carbon or a precursor thereof and an attrition-resistant inorganic substance or a precursor thereof so that particles having an average particle size of smaller than 300 .mu.m are obtained, and calcining the particles. The inorganic substance or precursor thereof is preferably present in a colloidal or hydrogel state in the slurry. The particles are excellent in attrition resistance and mechanical strength.Type: GrantFiled: June 19, 1997Date of Patent: October 26, 1999Assignees: JGC Corporation, Catalysts & Chemicals Industries Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kenji Mori, Takeshi Koyama, Koji Takiguchi, Susumu Fujii, Hiroshi Fujishima
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Patent number: 5893946Abstract: A combustible carbonaceous composition and method of making a charcoal briquette wherein a finely divided carbonaceous material is combined with an activated carbon and/or an activated graphite (which may be formed in-situ during pyrolysis of the composition by reacting a humic-containing ore with a low VOC-containing carbon and/or graphite). The combustible carbonaceous composition is present in the briquette composition in an amount of about 65% to about 99.9% by weight; a binder is included in the composition in an amount of about 1% to about 15% by weight when forming a charcoal briquette or an igniter log; and the activated carbon and/or activated graphite is present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 20% by weight. The activated carbon and/or activated graphite absorbs most of the VOCs entitled from the combustible carbonaceous material, thereby preventing the VOCs from escaping to the atmosphere.Type: GrantFiled: May 7, 1997Date of Patent: April 13, 1999Assignee: Amcol International CorporationInventor: Charles R. Landis
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Patent number: 5846431Abstract: A preparation for removing dyestuff in dyeing waste water includes a carbonized carbonaceous material and powdery or granular bakuhanseki deposited on the surface of the carbonized carbonaceous material. In one aspect of the invention, a preparation for removing dyestuff in dyeing waste water includes a carbonized carbonaceous material and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of silicic acid anhydride, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide, calcium oxide, ferrous oxide, ferric oxide, titanium oxide, phosphorous pentaoxide and manganese oxide, said compound being deposited on the surface of the carbonized carbonaceous material. There is also provided a method for removing dyestuff in dyeing waste water by adding these dyestuff removing preparations.Type: GrantFiled: June 18, 1997Date of Patent: December 8, 1998Inventor: Harusuke Naito
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Patent number: 5837741Abstract: A method of making a microporous carbon material which includes providing a precursor selected from the group consisting of crystalline salts of aromatic sulfonates and nonporous polymeric salts. Prior to carbonization, the precursor is treated by ion exchange or other conventional processes to introduce a metal such as iron, nickel and cobalt into the precursor. Heat treatment of such composite precursors in the temperature range of 350.degree. to 850.degree. C. in an inert oxygen free atmosphere for a sufficient time promotes thermally induced hydrogen abstraction and rearrangement of BSUs which result in the formation of a composite, carbonaceous microporous material which contains a metal component, and has a pore size distribution in the range of about 4-15 .ANG. A. The structural and storage characteristics of the microporous carbon materials are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: August 19, 1996Date of Patent: November 17, 1998Assignee: Syracuse UniversityInventors: James A. Schwarz, Karol Putyera, Teresa J. Bandosz, Jacek Jagiello, Kwabena A. G. Amankwah
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Patent number: 5769933Abstract: An activated carbon and/or activated graphite foundry sand additive, and method of casting molten metal against a foundry sand containing the additive composition. In another embodiment, the activated carbon and/or activated graphite additive (or portion thereof) is formed in-situ by adding to the foundry sand a humic acid-containing and/or a humic acid salt-containing ore (hereinafter referred to separately or in combination as "humic-containing ore") and low VOC-containing (<1 mg/g at 1800.degree. F.) carbon or graphite or admixtures of low VOC-containing carbon and graphite. The combination of low VOC-containing carbon and/or graphite and the humic-containing ore react in-situ when the foundry sand is heated by contact with molten metal, at temperatures of about 450.degree. F. to about 2300.degree. F., particularly in the range of about 600.degree. F. to about 2000.degree. F., to activate the carbon and/or graphite.Type: GrantFiled: May 7, 1997Date of Patent: June 23, 1998Assignee: AMCOL International CorporationInventor: Charles R. Landis
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Patent number: 5719101Abstract: The porous granular material according to the invention comprises carbon, silica, water-soluble mineral salts and water-insoluble mineral salts, does not disintegrate in the presence of water and has a particle size of approximately 1 to 5 mm, preferably from 1 to 3 mm, in particular from 1 to 2 mm; a crushing strength, or mechanical strength, in the range of 0.75 to 1 MPa; a density of between 0.7 and 0.8; a BET specific surface area of between 100 and 200 m.sup.2 /g; a microporous volume of between 0.25 and 1 cm.sup.3 /g; and a carbon content of 8 to 11 weight %, the balance being essentially made up by a mineral matrix of base nature, comprising a crystalline phase of insoluble aluminosilicates.Application, in particular, to the purification of liquids, as a catalyst in oxidation reactions and in the manufacture of composite catalysts, in particular in petrochemistry.Type: GrantFiled: May 8, 1995Date of Patent: February 17, 1998Assignee: Peignage AmedeeInventor: Bernard Leman
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Patent number: 5695554Abstract: The present invention is directed to a foundry sand additive composition, and method of casting molten metal against a foundry sand containing the additive composition. The additive composition comprises a humic acid-containing and/or a humic acid salt-containing ore (hereinafter referred to separately or in combination as "humic-containing ore") and carbon or graphite or admixtures of carbon and graphite. The combination of carbon and/or graphite and the humic-containing ore react in-situ when the foundry sand is heated by contact with molten metal, at temperatures of about 450.degree. F. to about 2300.degree. F., particularly in the range of about 600.degree. F. to about 2000.degree. F., to activate the carbon and/or graphite. The carbon and/or graphite, activated in-situ during the molding process, absorb and/or adsorb (sorb) gaseous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) within the mold, so that the VOC gases are held by the in-situ-activated carbon and/or graphite to satisfy VOC emissions requirements.Type: GrantFiled: June 21, 1996Date of Patent: December 9, 1997Assignee: AMCOL International CorporationInventor: Charles R. Landis
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Patent number: 5688313Abstract: The present invention is directed to an activated carbon and/or activated graphite foundry sand additive, and method of casting molten metal against a foundry sand containing the additive composition. In another embodiment, the activated carbon and/or activated graphite additive (or portion thereof) is formed in-situ by adding to the foundry sand a humic acid-containing and/or a humic acid salt-containing ore (hereinafter referred to separately or in combination as "humic-containing ore") and carbon or graphite or admixtures of carbon and graphite. The combination of carbon and/or graphite and the humic-containing ore react in-situ when the foundry sand is heated by contact with molten metal, at temperatures of about 450.degree. F. to about 2300.degree. F., particularly in the range of about 600.degree. F. to about 2000.degree. F., to activate the carbon and/or graphite.Type: GrantFiled: November 29, 1996Date of Patent: November 18, 1997Assignee: AMCOL International CorporationInventor: Charles R. Landis
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Patent number: 5637544Abstract: A reactive membrane for removing impurities, such as water, oxygen and organic compounds, from a gas is provided. The reactive membrane includes a porous inorganic substrate having exposed surfaces and at least one carbon layer, which is modified to present active sites, deposited on the exposed surfaces. The active sites include metal species which are at least partially deoxygenated and are chemically bonded to the carbon layer. Methods of forming the reactive membrane and of removing impurities from a gas with the membrane are also provided.Type: GrantFiled: February 19, 1995Date of Patent: June 10, 1997Assignee: Arizona Board of Regents on Behalf of the University of ArizonaInventor: Farhang F. Shadman
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Patent number: 5632788Abstract: A hardened asbestos-free, porous, calcium silicate filler material for an acetylene storage vessel is made by mixing quicklime with water to form a first mixture and at the same time mixing water, synthetic silica, cellulose fibers and ground quartz silica to form a second mixture. The first mixture is then added to the second mixture to form a third mixture. The third mixture is homogenized. Then a suspending agent is dispersed in the third mixture to form a fourth mixture. The fourth mixture is transferred into a cylinder to be filled and is cured under saturation steam pressure. Thereafter, the cylinder is dried. A gas storage cylinder so formed has a monolithic dry mass filling a metal shell. The mass has a porosity of about 88 to 91% and a density in the range of 250 g/l to 270 g/l.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 1995Date of Patent: May 27, 1997Assignee: Worthington Acetylene Cylinder, Inc.Inventor: Michael S. Rabren
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Patent number: 5599764Abstract: The present invention relates to an adsorbent formed by the pyrolysis of a hydrophobic silica with a pore size greater than 5 .ANG., such as SILICALITE.TM., with a molecular sieving polymer precursor such as polyfurfuryl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene chloride, phenol-formaldehyde resin, polyvinylidene difluoride and mixtures thereof. Polyfurfuryl alcohol is the most preferred. The adsorbent produced by the pyrolysis has a silicon to carbon mole ratio of between about 10:1 and 1:3, and preferably about 2:1 to 1:2, most preferably 1:1. The pyrolysis is performed as a ramped temperature program between about 100.degree. and 800.degree. C., and preferably between about 100.degree. and 600.degree. C.The present invention also relates to a method for selectively adsorbing organic molecules having a molecular size (mean molecular diameter) of between about 3 and 6 .ANG.Type: GrantFiled: April 29, 1994Date of Patent: February 4, 1997Assignee: California Institute of TechnologyInventors: Pramod K. Sharma, Gregory S. Hickey
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Patent number: 5518910Abstract: A bioremediation support for the support of microorganisms used in the biotreatment of an aqueous waste stream or contaminated vapor is made of a low-density siliceous glassy material. This material has a cellular or frothy texture, large pores of greater than 1,000 Anstrom units in diameter dispersed throughout the material, a high macropore volume in pores of greater than 1,000 .ANG. of more than 0.3 cc/cc and a BET surface area of greater than 10 m.sup.2 /g. A preferred material is pumice.Type: GrantFiled: December 5, 1994Date of Patent: May 21, 1996Assignee: W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn.Inventors: Frederick J. Parker, Awdhoot V. Kerkar, Rasto Brezny
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Patent number: 5503931Abstract: An improved moisture absorbing amorphous silicate material formed by the steps of: parboiling rice under 22 psi and at a temperature above 212 degrees F. to force bran into the rice grain and dissolve cellulose from the rice hulls creating voids in the rice hulls; drying the parboiled rice; milling the parboiled rice into grain, bran, and broken rice hulls; separating the broken rice hulls from the grain and bran; and burning the broken rice hulls at high temperatures to produce a skeletal residue of amorphous silicate material. Several uses of the amorphous silicate material are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: August 10, 1994Date of Patent: April 2, 1996Inventor: Elstun F. Goodman, Sr.
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Patent number: 5488021Abstract: A body made of activated carbon particles bonded together with a clay binder which can be attapulgite and/or sepiolite, and a plasticizing organic binder. The organic binder is more typically cellulose ether and/or cellulose ether derivative at a level of about 2 to 12 wt. % and the clay about 2% to about 30 wt % based on the carbon and clay. A method for making the body involves forming an aqueous mixture composed of the clay, organic binder and carbon, forming the mixture into a body, and drying the formed body.Type: GrantFiled: December 17, 1993Date of Patent: January 30, 1996Assignee: Corning IncorporatedInventors: Evelyn M. DeLiso, Kenneth E. Zaun
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Patent number: 5403809Abstract: Porous bodies are produced which are suitable for use as supports for catalysts, including living cells, such as bacteria and which are upset resistant to acids and bases. The bodies have a significantly large average pore diameter of about 0.5 to 100 microns, (i.e. 5,000 to 1,000,000 .ANG.) and a total pore volume of about 0.1 to 1.5 cc/g with the large pores contributing a pore volume of from about 0.1 to 1.0 cc/g. The bodies are made by preparing a mixture of ultimate particles containing a zeolite and one or more optional ingredients such as inorganic binders, extrusion or forming aids, burnout agents, or a forming liquid, such as water. Incorporated into the support is activated carbon which provides improved properties. In a preferred embodiment, the ultimate particles are formed by spray drying.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 1992Date of Patent: April 4, 1995Assignee: W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn.Inventors: James G. Miller, Michael J. Wax, Alan B. Chmurny, Donald R. Durham
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Patent number: 5397755Abstract: A bioremediation support for the support of microorganisms used in the biotreatment of an aqueous waste stream or contaminated vapor is made of a low-density siliceous glassy material. This material has a cellular or frothy texture, large pores of greater than 1,000 Anstrom units in diameter dispersed throughout the material, a high macropore volume in pores of greater than 1,000 .ANG. of more than 0.3 cc/cc and a BET surface area of greater than 10 m.sup.2 /g. A preferred material is pumice.Type: GrantFiled: June 29, 1993Date of Patent: March 14, 1995Assignee: W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn.Inventors: Frederick J. Parker, Awdhoot V. Kerkar, Rasto Brezny
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Patent number: 5385876Abstract: A highly microporous adsorbent material is formed as a composite of a natural or synthetic clay or clay-like mineral matrix intercalated with an active carbon. The mineral is prepared and selected to have a selected interlayer spacing between microcrystalline sheets. An organic polymeric precursor is contacted therewith to fill the matrix interstices. Then the precursor is polymerized and carbonized to yield the adsorbent material in which the carbon is intercalated into the mineral matrix. The mineral can be naturally occurring smectite or synthetic hydrotalcite.Type: GrantFiled: January 27, 1993Date of Patent: January 31, 1995Assignee: Syracuse UniversityInventors: James A. Schwarz, Karol Putyera, Jacek Jagiello, Teresa J. Bandosz
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Patent number: 5376609Abstract: A body made of carbon particles bonded together with bentonite clay and cellulose fibers, wherein in weight percent based on carbon, the bentonite content is about 4% to 20%, and the cellulose fiber content is about 2% to 10%. A method of making the body which involves forming an aqueous mixture having a composition in weight percent based on carbon of about 5% to 8% organic binder which can be cellulose ethers, cellulose ether derivatives, and combinations of these, about 4% to 20% bentonite clay, about 2% to 10% cellulose fibers, and the balance being activated carbon particles, forming the mixture into a body, and drying the body.Type: GrantFiled: August 23, 1993Date of Patent: December 27, 1994Assignee: Corning IncorporatedInventor: Donald L. Guile
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Patent number: 5350728Abstract: A solid mass for the recovery of mercury, comprising a solid mineral support or dispersant, essentially copper and sulphur at least partly in the form of copper sulfide is produced by the following stages:a) at least one copper compound other than a sulphide is incorporated into a solid mineral dispersant or carrier,b) the product obtained in stage (a) is calcined in order at least partly to convert the copper compound or compounds which it contains into copper oxide (CuO and/or Cu.sub.2 O),c) the product obtained in stage (b) or in stage (a) if there has not been a stage (b) is brought into contact with elementary sulphur,d) the product resulting from stage (c) referred to as the precursor, is subjected to a thermal treatment in a non-oxidizing atmosphere and accompanied by gas scavenging, to a temperature and for a sufficient time to allow the formation of sulphide of the metal(s) present.Type: GrantFiled: July 19, 1993Date of Patent: September 27, 1994Assignee: Institut Francais du Petrole and Europeene de Retraitment de Catalyseurs (Eurecat)Inventors: Charles Cameron, Philippe Courty, Georges Berrebi, Raymond Roumieu, Hans Rabehasaina, Francois Eschard
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Patent number: 5294585Abstract: The present invention concerns a polyphase particulate composite material containing a microporous phase which is essentially carbon whose microporous volume is between 0.1 cm.sup.3 /g and 1 cm.sup.3 /g, which is associated with an amorphous mineral dispersed phase essentially consisting of an oxide of silicon, aluminum, titanium or magnesium disposed on the carbon phase, at a thickness of less than 10 nm. The invention is also concerned with a process for the preparation of these composite materials, and the use thereof as a molecular sieve.Type: GrantFiled: July 3, 1991Date of Patent: March 15, 1994Assignee: L'Air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procedes Georges ClaudeInventors: Serge Moreau, Bernard Sardan, Pierre Ehrburger
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Patent number: 5242879Abstract: The present invention relates to specific activated carbon materials including from 1 to 5% by weight of nitrogen, from 3 to 30% by weight of oxygen and from 40 to 95% by weight of carbon, and having an average pore radius of from 15 to 30 .ANG., with the proviso that mesopores occupy at least 50% by volume based on the total pore volume, and also relates a process for the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof as catalysts.Type: GrantFiled: December 11, 1991Date of Patent: September 7, 1993Assignee: Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc.Inventors: Hisaki Abe, Toshio Kondoh, Hideki Fukuda, Mayumi Takahashi, Tetsuo Aoyama, Masahiro Miyake
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Patent number: 5238899Abstract: Disclosed is an active carbon for deodorization, which comprises a deodorizing functional group fixed to a graphitic six-membered ring on the surface of the active carbon, through a silanol bond.Type: GrantFiled: November 15, 1991Date of Patent: August 24, 1993Assignees: Nippondenso Co., Ltd., Nippon Soken, Inc.Inventors: Satoru Kadowaki, Makoto Suzuki, Kunio Okamoto, Atushi Kosaka
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Patent number: 5212131Abstract: A filter for removing contaminants from a gas contains a support material and, deposited on the support material, a first component which is an oxide, a hydroxide or a mixture of an oxide and hydroxide of Al, Si, Ti, Fe or Zn, containing at least about 0.5% by weight of water. The first component is deposited onto the filter preferably from a colloidal sol solution of a compound of the metal of that component. The first component acts as an adsorbent to remove contaminants from a gas, such as air. The filter may contain a second component, such as an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, permanganate(s), or a mixture thereof. The filter may also contain a third component, such as an adsorbent, in the form of separate particles, e.g., activated charcoal, potassium permanganate, activated alumina, optionally treated with an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal compound(s), zeolites, and alumino-silicate compositions.Type: GrantFiled: February 20, 1991Date of Patent: May 18, 1993Assignee: Innovative Research EnterprisesInventor: William A. Belding
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Patent number: 5196380Abstract: A reactive membrane for simultaneous removal of heterogeneous and homogeneous impurities such as moisture, oxygen and organic compounds from gases is provided. The membrane comprises a substrate layer having a plurality of pores therein, at least one layer of carbon on the porous substrate layer and coating the pores thereof, and at least one reactive layer of a metal in reduced form capable of reacting with the impurities and chemically bonded to the carbon layer. A method of forming the same is also provided.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1991Date of Patent: March 23, 1993Assignee: Arizona Board of ReagentsInventor: Farhang F. Shadman
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Patent number: 5151402Abstract: When charcoal is used as an adsorbent, its effective lifetime is decreased by the adsorption of water vapor. A process is described whereby the charcoal is treated with an effective amount of a non-chlorinated organo-silane to increase the hydrophobicity of the charcoal. The reduction in surface area and organic adsorption capacity, which occurs upon silylation, is relatively small whereas there is a somewhat greater reduction in water adsorption capacity of the silylated charcoal.Type: GrantFiled: November 28, 1990Date of Patent: September 29, 1992Assignee: Atomic Energy of Canada LimitedInventors: Marjory T. Craw, Kevin D. McCrimmon, Lyse L. Deschenes
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Patent number: 5118655Abstract: A very effective adsorption composition has been produced for the removal of heavy metal ions, halocarbons, aromatic organics, radon and microbiological substances from water. This adsorption composition consists of up to 7 different components. These include aluminum silicate, diatomite, granulated activated carbon, catalytic chlorine removal media, tri-sodium phosphate, bone charcoal and activated alumina. This adsorption composition has a tri-disperse structure. By this it is meant it has three different types of pores. The adsorption composition is utilized by being packaged into cartridges, containers and alike where it is held in place while contaminated water passes through the adsorption composition and the contaminants are removed.Type: GrantFiled: March 20, 1991Date of Patent: June 2, 1992Assignee: Western Water International, Inc.Inventor: Paul M. Pedersen
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Patent number: 5094736Abstract: A dense pack gas adsorbent means comprising at least one particulate gas adsorbent having a particulate size distribution in which the largest small particles are less than one-third (1/3) the size of the smallest large particle and sixty percent (60%) of the adsorbent particles having a size greater than sixty (60) mesh, said adsorbent particle oriented to provide a packing density grater than one hundred and thirty percent (130%) of the particle's apparent density.Type: GrantFiled: July 5, 1990Date of Patent: March 10, 1992Assignee: Calgon Carbon CorporationInventor: Michael Greenbank
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Patent number: 5086022Abstract: Process for improving the characteristics of absorption and desorption of a gas by a reaction medium consisting of several salts in powder form and a porous solid product, characterized in that it consists in mixing 0 to 60% by mass of the porous product with the powdered salt(s). The porous product consists of a mixture of expanded graphite and a second expanded product of rigid structure and high permeability.Type: GrantFiled: October 30, 1989Date of Patent: February 4, 1992Assignee: Societe Nationale Elf AquitaineInventors: Alain Roca, Sylvain Mauran, Bernard Spinner
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Patent number: 5037791Abstract: Supported carbon-coated catalyst material and a method for producing and using same in catalytic reaction processes, preferably in ebullated or fluidized catalyst beds. The catalyst materials are prepared by depositing a porous carbon layer on a support material of a selected metal oxide or compound to produce 5-40 wt. % carbon thereon, then preferentially treating the carbon based layer by partial oxidation, pyrolysis or reduction to enhance and activate the carbon layer on the catalyst. Promoter materials can also be advantageously added either to the support material or to the carbon layer in 0.5-10 wt. % to provide an improved composite carbon-coated catalyst having total pore volume of 0.3-1.0 cc/gm, substantially increased surface area of 80-600 M.sup.2 /gm, low surface acidity, particle strength of 1.8-5 lb/mm with reduced particle attrition losses and improved catalyst performance characteristics.Type: GrantFiled: June 21, 1990Date of Patent: August 6, 1991Assignee: HRI, Inc.Inventors: Alfred G. Comolli, Partha S. Ganguli
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Patent number: 5021378Abstract: Molded articles based on pyrogenically prepared silicon dioxide and having the following physical-chemical characteristic data:______________________________________ External diameter 2 to 15 mm BET surface area 50 to 400 m.sup.2 /g Total Pore volume 0.6 to 1.3 ml/g Crushing strength 40 to 120 N Pore size distribution no pores <5 nm in diameter, at least 80% in the range 5 to 40 nm in diameter Composition >95% by weight of SiO.sub.2 remainder Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. ______________________________________These products are produced by compacting pyrogenically prepared silicon dioxide with kaolin and/or graphite, sugar, starch, urea or wax with addition of water, drying the mixture at a temperature of from 80.degree. to 120.degree. C. and comminuting it to form a powder, pressing the powder to form the desired article, and tempering the articles at a temperature of from 400.degree. to 1200.degree. C. for a period of 0.5 to 6 hours. The molded bodies can be used as a catalyst support or catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: February 23, 1990Date of Patent: June 4, 1991Assignee: Degussa AktiengesellschaftInventors: Klaus Deller, Reinhard Klingel, Helmfried Krause
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Patent number: 4963519Abstract: Disclosed is a composite adsorbent consisting of a molded body of homogeneous mixture comprising powdery active carbon and hydrous alumina of the pseudoboehmite type. This composite adsorbent has high mechanical strength and abrasion resistance. This composite adsorbent is excellent in the capacity of adsorbing organic components such as gasoline, and the desorption of the adsorbed components can be easily accomplished at a high desorption ratio. These excellent capacities are retained even if the adsorption-desorption cycle is repeated. Accordingly, this composite adsorbent is especially valuable as the adsorbent for an automobile canister.Type: GrantFiled: January 23, 1989Date of Patent: October 16, 1990Assignee: Mizusawa Industrial Chemcals, Ltd.Inventors: Seiji Okabayashi, Hirofumi Watanabe, Kiyoshi Abe, Masahide Ogawa
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Patent number: 4954469Abstract: A granulated activated carbon is produced by spherically agglomerating activated carbon powder in an aqueous slurry in the presence of a bridging liquid and a binder. At least about 50% of the carbon powder has a surface area of from about 2800 to about 3500 m.sup.2 /gm, an iodine number of from about 2500 to about 3500 mg/gm, a total pore volume of from about 1.0 to about 2.8 cc/gm, and a bulk density of from about 0.27 to about 0.32 gm/cc. The granules are activated by treatment with steam to provide granules having particle diameters of from about 0.17 to about 0.71 mm, and pore size distribution and adsorptive capacity essentially unchanged from that of the carbon powder. The granules are particularly effective for the treatment of drinking water to reduce the level of undesirable contaminants.Type: GrantFiled: June 15, 1989Date of Patent: September 4, 1990Inventor: Ken K. Robinson
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Patent number: 4831010Abstract: A product for performing tasks of absorbing and containing oils and liquids, being a sack of nonwoven textile, fully enclosed, containing absorbent material which is rice hull ash, a waste product of a co-generation plant.Advantages of product are two fold: a waste material is used as a component and can be used to pick up and contain hazardous waste spills.Type: GrantFiled: April 12, 1988Date of Patent: May 16, 1989Inventor: Karl Herringer
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Patent number: 4793837Abstract: An improved filter pad particularly useful to remove offensive pet odors emanating from animal crates and in aquariums is disclosed. The filter pad includes a base formed of unwoven, randomly oriented synthetic fibers impregnated with a mixture of zeolite particles and activated carbon particles effective to substantially reduce gaseous components having an offensive odor and discoloring agents in aquarium applications.Type: GrantFiled: January 15, 1988Date of Patent: December 27, 1988Assignee: Columbus Industries, Inc.Inventor: Jeffrey S. Pontius
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Patent number: 4780239Abstract: Disclosed is a method of making an ion exchange material. A ceramic material is ion implanted with sulfur, carbon, phosphorus, or nitrogen, which is oxidized to sulfate, carboxylate or carbonate, phosphate, or nitrate, respectively, or the nitrogen is reduced to amine amide. Alternatively, a mixture of ceramic powder and a binder containing sulfur, carbon, phosphorus, or nitrogen is heated in a nonoxidizing atmosphere to a temperature up to 1000.degree. C. The sulfur is then oxidized to sulfate, the carbon to carboxylate or carbonate, phosphorus to phosphate, and nitrogen to nitrate, or the nitrogen is reduced to amine or amide. Also disclosed is an ion exchange material made by these methods and a method of treating acidic aqueous solutions containing dissolved radioactive materials by passing them through an ion exchange column containing the ion exchange material.Type: GrantFiled: May 22, 1986Date of Patent: October 25, 1988Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corp.Inventors: Thomas S. Snyder, Herbert A. Burgman, Martin D. Nahemow
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Patent number: 4765458Abstract: A calcium silicate filler mass for use in storing a gas solution or liquid gas, said filler mass having a high compressive strength and containing at least 0.5 weight percent reinforcing carbon fibers uniformly disposed within said calcium silicate, said filler having uniformly distributed throughout very fine pores of less than about 25 microns, and being substantially absent of voids and having a porosity of at least about 85%. There is also disclosed an acetylene storage vessel for storing gas solutions of acetylene which includes said silicate filler mass disposed within a metal shell and a method of forming said acetylene storage vessel.Type: GrantFiled: October 14, 1986Date of Patent: August 23, 1988Assignee: NI Industries, Inc.Inventor: Edith M. Flanigen
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Bagasse residue filter materials and activated carbon products and methods of manufacturing the same
Patent number: 4745096Abstract: This invention relates to products obtained from sugar mill boiler ash, methods of using such products as a filtration material, and/or adsorbent material and methods of manufacturing such products. More specifically, this invention relates to filtration materials, with either a low or relatively high activated carbon content derived from the combustion of sugar cane residues whose characteristics and properties can be preselected and controlled to provide predetermined performance characteristics, and methods of obtaining such products through processing techniques which control the properties of such products. The invention also provides adsorbent materials of very high carbon content useful for applications other than a filter medium.Type: GrantFiled: June 24, 1985Date of Patent: May 17, 1988Assignee: Anjan DVI LimitedInventor: Boyd T. Keogh -
Patent number: 4715983Abstract: Solid chlorinating agents can be stored highly stably and safely in a closed system for a long period of time without discoloring or deterioration, when a storage stabilizer of alumino-silica gel obtained from allophane incorporated with active carbon is placed in the ambient atmosphere enclosing the chlorinating agents, preferably not in direct contact with the agents. In addition, the agents do not cause damages on the surface and material of, or breakdown of, the container constituting the closed system, and no offensive odor is generated upon opening even after a prolonged storage.Type: GrantFiled: December 16, 1985Date of Patent: December 29, 1987Assignee: Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Masanori Ota, Hitoshi Sasahara
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Patent number: 4713090Abstract: An adsorbent for separation - recovery of CO comprising a composite carrier (X) composed of a carrier (a) formed of silica and/or alumina and an active carbonized material layer (b) formed thereon, on which a copper compound (Y) is carried.By applying the method of the pressure swing adsorption and/or temperature swing adsorption, using this adsorbent, high purity CO may be separated and recovered on industrial scale from converter gas and other gases containing CO.Type: GrantFiled: September 16, 1986Date of Patent: December 15, 1987Assignee: Kansai Netsukagaku Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Jintaro Yokoe, Masami Takeuchi, Toshiaki Tsuji
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Patent number: 4703032Abstract: The granulates of active coke produced from pit coal have an inactive abrasion-proof core based on coal or a ceramic material, as well as an envelope based on active coke particles adhering to the core. Various processes for producing said granulates are disclosed. In one embodiment, a ground coal covering is applied to the core before activation; another embodiment provides for the application of a covering based on coke particles already activated. In a third embodiment, on the inactive core based on swollen and burned material there is first provided an intermediary layer based on a material which volatilizes partly during the carbonizing treatment in order to compensate for the expansion differences of the core and of the envelope.Type: GrantFiled: January 9, 1986Date of Patent: October 27, 1987Assignee: Perfluktiv Technik AGInventors: Erich Sundermann, Hans Reye, Otto Abel
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Patent number: 4680040Abstract: A multipurpose filtering material particularly for use in electrostatographic reproducing apparatus has a foraminous support matrix having a plurality of interconnecting voids to permit low impedance to the flow of gaseous material but sufficient to trap particulate material entrained in the gaseous material which is coated with a thin dehydrated alkaline film of an alkali metal silicate to neutralize nitrogen oxide species in the gaseous material and has adhesively bound thereto a particulate neutralizer for another noxious gas the surface of which is substantially exposed to the flow of gaseous material. A filter may be placed in electrostatographic reproducing apparatus at the inlet or outlet of an air stream passing therethrough to neutralize nitrogen oxide species and ozone generated by the corona discharge device, and ammonia from the incoming air.Type: GrantFiled: January 17, 1986Date of Patent: July 14, 1987Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Arthur M. Gooray, George J. Heeks, Louis Reale, Dipika R. Shah
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Patent number: 4677086Abstract: A shaped activated wood-based carbon with essentially no pore volume in pores greater than one micron in diameter and a higher apparent density is prepared from an active granular wood-based carbon with a significant pore volume in pores greater than one micron in diameter and a lower apparent density by the invention process of grinding the active granular wood-based carbon to a fine powder, mixing the ground carbon with a liquid selected from water or other polar molecule and a bentonite clay binder, shaping the mixture, drying the shaped active carbon to remove the liquid, and heat-treating the dried product to calcine, or fix, the clay binder.Type: GrantFiled: May 18, 1984Date of Patent: June 30, 1987Assignee: Westvaco CorporationInventors: John C. McCue, Albert J. Repik, Charles E. Miller, Jr.
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Patent number: 4676907Abstract: Biological stable articles are described which are especially useful as bed materials for treating waste water. Preferred articles are charred rice hulls which comprise silica and carbon.Type: GrantFiled: June 3, 1985Date of Patent: June 30, 1987Inventor: George C. Harrison
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Patent number: 4656153Abstract: A high surface area, porous active carbon containing a substantially uniform dispersion of a metal or metal-containing material and a method for making the same are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 1983Date of Patent: April 7, 1987Assignee: Standard Oil Company (Indiana)Inventor: Arnold N. Wennerberg
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Patent number: 4528281Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a molecular sieve comprising a carbonaceous substrate selected from the group consisting of molecular sieve carbon, calcined coconut char, oxidized and devolatilized agglomerated coal, calcined agglomerated coal and calcined agglomerated coconut char, impregnated with an organic polymer having a molecular weight of at least 400, as determined by vapor phase osmometry, or with an inorganic polymer at a dosage of at least 0.001 weight percent (based on the substrate weight) up to a maximum dosage which still allows the resulting sieve to separate gas or liquid mixtures containing components of at least two different molecular diameters, molecular weights or molecular shapes.The instant invention is also directed to a process for preparing the molecular sieve and to a process for using it to separate gas or liquid mixtures.Type: GrantFiled: March 16, 1983Date of Patent: July 9, 1985Assignee: Calgon Carbon CorporationInventor: Robert F. Sutt, Jr.
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Patent number: 4518704Abstract: This disclosure relates to a formed body having activated carbon granules bondedly carried by an inorganic substance body consisting of a sintered body or fused body of inorganic substance powder. The formed body preferably is of a honeycombed structure. The formed body is not only high in strength, excellent in absorbing ability, long in service life, but also permits of molding into various shapes fit for uses. The invention also relates to a method of producing the formed body of the type described above. The method essentially follows the conventional ceramic firing art or ceramic production art.Type: GrantFiled: October 24, 1983Date of Patent: May 21, 1985Assignee: Kyoto Ceramic Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Yoshikatsu Okabayashi, Noboru Nakamura, Takeshi Matsumoto, Yoshimasa Osumi
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Patent number: 4499208Abstract: The heat capacity of activated carbon adsorbent pellets is enhanced by the mixing of activated carbon powder with a higher heat capacity, inert inorganic material, such as dense alumina, prior to pelletizing. The resulting doped adsorbent enhances the operation of adiabatic pressure swing adsorption processes by decreasing the cyclic temperature change in the adsorbent bed during each processing cycle of the process.Type: GrantFiled: May 13, 1983Date of Patent: February 12, 1985Assignee: Union Carbide CorporationInventor: Andrija Fuderer
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Patent number: 4492771Abstract: Carbon material for de-sulfurization excellent in adsorptibility and mechanical strength can be produced from coal by controlling the physical properties of the raw material coal before its shaping to particular ranges, and subjecting the shaped coal to carbonization treatment.Type: GrantFiled: September 24, 1982Date of Patent: January 8, 1985Assignee: Mitsubishi Chemical Industries LimitedInventors: Takashi Hasegawa, Koji Tsuchihashi, Hiroshi Yamashita
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Patent number: 4471072Abstract: Carbonaceous pyropolymers possessing recurring units containing at least carbon and hydrogen atoms composited on a solid support may be prepared in a solid state process. The process is effected by treating a high surface area solid support such as an inorganic oxide as exemplified by alumina with an organic monomer which is capable of being polymerized by thermal, ionic, or free radical polymerization methods. The monomer is polymerized on the surface of the support under polymerization conditions and thereafter the polymer-coated support is subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures ranging from about 600.degree. to about 1200.degree. C. to form a carbonaceous pyropolymer. If so desired, this composite may then be subjected to the action of a dissolving agent under conditions which will dissolve or leach out the solid support, thus leaving a carbonaceous pyropolymer possessing recurring units containing at least carbon and hydrogen atoms.Type: GrantFiled: December 20, 1982Date of Patent: September 11, 1984Assignee: UOP Inc.Inventors: Richard W. Leyerle, Lawrence B. Welsh, Mary A. Vanek
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Patent number: 4440867Abstract: This invention is concerned with production and use of high surface area particulate matter by calcining a charge of clay mineral, feldspar, zeolite, coal ash, fly ash, pozzolan or volcanic ash for a time to develop fractures which increase the surface area of the particles. Vacuum calcining decreases the calcining time. The calcined matter desirably has an analysis including: calcium oxide, about 20-40 weight %; aluminum oxide, about 15-35 weight %; and silicon oxide, about 20-40 weight %.The calcined particulate matter can be used in the treatment of impure aqueous materials; the matter is denser than water and sludge settles rapidly and completely. The calcined matter interacts with heavy metal ions to form tightly bound sludge that is nonhazardous for landfill disposal. The calcined matter can be combined with conventual coagulants, flocculants, filter aids, or activated carbon to obtain a multipurpose treating agent.Type: GrantFiled: May 14, 1982Date of Patent: April 3, 1984Assignee: Ensotech, Inc.Inventor: Inderjit H. Sabherwal