Elemental Hydrogen Patents (Class 502/53)
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Patent number: 6117809Abstract: A method is disclosed for recovering chlorine-containing species from an outlet stream of a zone in which the catalytic metal of a chloride-containing catalyst is reduced. The outlet stream is passed to a sorption zone which contains catalyst and which is maintained at sorption conditions. The catalyst in the sorption zone sorbs the chlorine-containing species from the outlet stream. This method captures and retains within the process the chlorine-containing species that would otherwise be lost from the process and that would need to be replaced by the injection of make-up chlorine-containing species. This method results in a significant savings in capital and operating costs of a catalyst regeneration process that includes a reduction step. This method is adaptable to many catalytic hydrocarbon conversion processes which pass catalyst particles between or among moving bed reaction and regeneration zones.Type: GrantFiled: December 19, 1996Date of Patent: September 12, 2000Assignee: UOP LLCInventors: Paul A. Sechrist, Delmar W. Robinson
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Patent number: 6110857Abstract: The present invention is directed toward improved processes for the regeneration of noble metal-containing catalysts wherein iron contamination of the catalyst during regeneration is significantly diminished. It has been found that maintenance of any iron present in contact with the catalyst in the oxidized state (e.g., as Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 or Fe.sub.3 O.sub.4) during contact of the catalyst with a source of halogen in the regeneration haliding step results in a marked decrease in the degree of catalyst contamination by iron species.Type: GrantFiled: September 8, 1997Date of Patent: August 29, 2000Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: Shun C. Fung, Walter S. Kmak
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Patent number: 6093670Abstract: A process for decreasing the air-sensitivity of a carbon monoxide oxidation catalyst composition is provided. The process can comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of (1) heating the composition at a temperature sufficient to produce an activated composition; (2) contacting the activated composition with an oxygen-containing fluid whereby a deactivated composition is produced; and (3) contacting the deactivated composition under reducing atmosphere and at a low temperature wherein the composition can comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of platinum, iron, and an inorganic support; or can comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of palladium, platinum, iron, and an inorganic support.Type: GrantFiled: December 11, 1998Date of Patent: July 25, 2000Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Scott H. Brown
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Patent number: 6083863Abstract: A method for the treatment of a methanol reforming catalyst includes pre-aging the catalyst by baking it out in a dry atmosphere in order thereby to complete its inherent initial loss of volume before the start of the methanol reforming reaction. The method may be used for methanol reforming reactors in fuel-cell-operated motor vehicles.Type: GrantFiled: June 15, 1998Date of Patent: July 4, 2000Assignees: DBB Fuel Cell Engines Gesellschaft mit beschraenkter Haftung, BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Rainer Autenrieth, Otto Krumberger
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Patent number: 6077983Abstract: A method for recovering the activity of a ruthenium catalyst which comprises a step of bringing a ruthenium catalyst decreased in activity by its use in hydrogenation of an unsaturated organic compound into contact with oxygen in a liquid phase, and a step of maintaining the catalyst at a hydrogen partial pressure lower than that at the hydrogenation and a temperature not lower than a temperature lower by 50.degree. C. than the hydrogenation temperature.Type: GrantFiled: April 30, 1998Date of Patent: June 20, 2000Assignee: Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Mitsuji Ono, Masashi Nonaka
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Patent number: 6074770Abstract: A method for the operation of a methanol reforming apparatus wherein, during the operation of the reforming reaction, methanol is reformed in a methanol reforming reactor using a methanol reforming catalyst. The reforming reaction is interrupted at given times for catalyst reactivation phases, during which the reactor containing the methanol reforming catalyst is flushed with hydrogen gas for the activity-regenerating treatment of the methanol reforming catalyst which loses its catalytic activity. The process may be used for the operation of methanol reforming apparatus in fuel-cell-operated motor vehicles for the production of hydrogen from liquid methanol.Type: GrantFiled: June 15, 1998Date of Patent: June 13, 2000Assignees: DBB Fuel Cell Engines Gesellschaft mit beschraenkter Haftung, BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Rainer Autenrieth, Andreas Christen, Martin Schuessler, Otto Krumberger
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Patent number: 6063721Abstract: This invention provides a novel dry chemical process for removing by carbonylation the metals harmful to the catalyst activity from the catalyst for the residuum and/or heavy oil catalytic cracking, comprising: contacting the catalyst contaminated by the poisonous metals with an activation gas and a reduction gas in a reactor for activation and reduction; and then in a carbonylation reactor, contacting the catalyst treated by activating and reducing with CO gas to make the metals on the catalyst carbonylated to form gaseous metal carbonyls which are then transferred and separated from the solid catalyst, thereby the catalyst activity is restored. The process of this invention is simple in the technology, moderate in the operation conditions, and it will not cause secondary pollution to environment for there is no addition and discharge of any liquid.Type: GrantFiled: May 6, 1998Date of Patent: May 16, 2000Assignees: China Petro-Chemical Corporation, Institute of Chemical Metallurgy Academia Sinica, Sinopec Beijing Design Institute (BDI)Inventors: Yihou Hu, Baolin Luo, Kuiyuan Sun, Qiye Yang, Mingli Gong, Jiyu Hu, Guoping Fang, Yulong Li
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Patent number: 6034019Abstract: The present invention is directed toward improved processes for the regeneration of noble metal-containing catalysts wherein iron contamination of the catalyst during regeneration is significantly diminished. It has been found that maintenance of any iron present in contact with the catalyst in the oxidized state (e.g., as Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 or Fe.sub.3 O.sub.4) during contact of the catalyst with a source of halogen in the regeneration haliding step results in a marked decrease in the degree of catalyst contamination by iron species.Type: GrantFiled: September 8, 1997Date of Patent: March 7, 2000Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering Co.Inventors: Shun C. Fung, Walter S. Kmak
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Patent number: 5986158Abstract: The invention pertains to a process for alkylating hydrocarbons in which an alkylatable organic compound is reacted with an alkylation agent to form an alkylate in the presence of a catalyst comprising a hydrogenating function and a solid acid constituent, with the catalyst being subjected intermittently to a regeneration step by being contacted with a feed containing a saturated hydrocarbon and hydrogen, said regeneration being carried out at 90% or less of the active cycle of the catalyst, with the active cycle of the catalyst being defined as the time from the start of the feeding of the alkylation agent to the moment when 20% of the alkylation agent leaves the catalyst-containing reactor section without being converted, not counting isomerization inside the molecule. The process according to the invention is especially attractive for the alkylation of isobutane with one or more butenes to form an alkylate with a high RON.Type: GrantFiled: November 20, 1997Date of Patent: November 16, 1999Assignee: Akzo Nobel NVInventors: Emanuel Hermanus Van Broekhoven, Francisco Rene Mas Cabre, Pieter Bogaard, Gijsbertus Klaver, Marco Vonhof
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Patent number: 5973012Abstract: A reversibly deactivated, particulate catalyst in a slurry hydrocarbon synthesis slurry is rejuvenated by circulating the slurry from a slurry body through (i) a gas disengaging zone to remove gas bubbles from the slurry, (ii) a catalyst rejuvenation zone in which a catalyst rejuvenating gas contacts the catalyst in the slurry to rejuvenate it and form a rejuvenated catalyst slurry and, (iii) back into the slurry body. Removing at least a portion of the gas bubbles improves the rejuvenation process.Type: GrantFiled: October 30, 1998Date of Patent: October 26, 1999Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering Co.Inventors: William C. Behrmann, Stephen C. Leviness
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Patent number: 5972207Abstract: A large pore volume catalyst was used for reforming heavy cracked naphtha. The average pore diameter is preferably between about 110 to 150 Angstroms. Improved catalytic stability and improved liquid yield was achieved. As a result of the improvement a 101 RON debutanized naphtha reformate is produced at a reduced catalyst aging rate.Type: GrantFiled: October 8, 1998Date of Patent: October 26, 1999Assignee: Texaco Inc.Inventor: William Floyd Johns
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Patent number: 5958986Abstract: A reversibly deactivated hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst in a hydrocarbon synthesis slurry is rejuvenated by passing the slurry into a lift pipe external of the reactor in which it contacts a hydrogen containing rejuvenating gas. The hydrogen rejuvenates the catalyst particles in the slurry and forms a mixture of a rejuvenation offgas which may contain catalyst deactivating species and a rejuvenated catalyst slurry. This mixture is passed into a gas separating and removal vessel in which the offgas is separated and removed from the slurry, which is then returned back into the reactor or elsewhere. The rejuvenating gas also acts as a lift gas to create slurry circulation up through the lift pipe and into the gas removal vessel.Type: GrantFiled: May 2, 1997Date of Patent: September 28, 1999Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering Co.Inventors: Charles John Mart, Stephen Ju-Ming Hsia
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Patent number: 5942458Abstract: Spent lead catalysts containing contaminating amounts of arsenic values, e.g., mixed oxides of lead and arsenic, are regenerated and rendered suitable for reuse by heat-treating same at a temperature of at least 550.degree. C. in the presence of a gas mixture which comprises an inert gas, e.g., Ar, N.sub.2 or He, and at least 2% by volume of at least one reducing gas, e.g., H.sub.2, CO or CH.sub.4.Type: GrantFiled: August 12, 1997Date of Patent: August 24, 1999Assignee: ProcatalyseInventors: Paul Berthier, Jean-Paul Bournonville, Christian Ladirat, Bernard Nocher
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Patent number: 5908805Abstract: Transition metal (0) or (1)/phosphine catalysts suited, e.g., for the hydrocyanation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds, are produced by reducing, via hydrogenation, aqueous solutions containing at least one transition metal compound and at least one monodentate or bidentate water-soluble phosphine, advantageously at least one phosphine having one of the following formulae (I) and/or (II):P(Ar1).sub.a (Ar2).sub.b (Ar3).sub.c (Q1).sub.d (Q2).sub.e (Q3).sub.f(I)(Ar1).sub.a (Ar2).sub.b (Ar3).sub.c (Q1).sub.d (Q2).sub.e P-L-P(Ar1).sub.g (Ar2).sub.h (Q1).sub.i (Q2).sub.j (II)In formulas (I) and (II), Ar1, Ar2 and Ar3 may be identical or different and are each an aryl radical or a substituted aryl radical. Q1, Q2 and Q3 may be identical or different and are each an alkyl radical, a cycloalkyl radical, a substituted alkyl radical, or a substituted cycloalkyl radical.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1996Date of Patent: June 1, 1999Assignee: R.P. Fiber & Resin IntermediatesInventors: Marc Huser, Robert Perron
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Patent number: 5891323Abstract: Regeneration of an adsorbent bed on to which impurity compounds, e.g. sulphur compounds, have been adsorbed by means of a gas stream to desorb the impurity compounds. The gas stream containing the desorbed impurity compounds is then passed over a catalyst, e.g. a hydro-desulphurisation catalyst, effective to cause the reaction of at least some of the desorbed impurity compounds with hydrogen to give a reaction product which is then removed by absorption using a bed of non-regenerable absorbent. At least some of the gas stream is then recycled to the adsorbent bed undergoing regeneration. Hydrogen is added in approximately the stoichiometric amount required for the reaction with the impurity compounds before the regeneration gas enters the catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: April 7, 1997Date of Patent: April 6, 1999Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLCInventor: Edwin Stephen Willis
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Patent number: 5883031Abstract: A process for regenerating a coke contaminated reforming catalyst comprising platinum on a molecular sieve, said process consisting essentially of contacting said catalyst with a halogen-free oxygen-containing gas at a temperature of less than 780.degree. F. for a sufficient period of time such that the aromatization activity is restored to within 20.degree. F. of the activity said catalyst possessed at the start of the previous run cycle.Type: GrantFiled: January 17, 1995Date of Patent: March 16, 1999Assignee: Chevron Chemical CompanyInventors: Robert A. Innes, Dennis L. Holtermann, Bernard F. Mulaskey
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Patent number: 5880050Abstract: A process for the regeneration of a sulfur containing catalysts, wherein the catalyst is stripped of sulfur before the oxychlorination treatment of the regeneration process, typically before the catalyst is sent to the regeneration zone. The process is particularly useful for catalyst employed in hydrocarbon conversions such as dehydrogenation reactions, particularly those which comprise the injection of sulfur and/or at least one sulfur compound before or simultaneously to the introduction of the charge into the first reaction zone.Type: GrantFiled: August 3, 1994Date of Patent: March 9, 1999Assignee: Institut Francais du PetroleInventors: Jean-Paul Boitiaux, Jean De Bonneville, Jean-Pierre Burzynski, Gerard Leger, Fabienne Le Peltier, Germain Martino
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Patent number: 5877364Abstract: A process is provided for simultaneous selective hydrogenation of diolefins and nitriles from a hydrocarbon feedstock, wherein hydrogenation is carried out using a catalyst in one reactor zone while partially deactivated catalyst in another reactor zone is regenerated.Type: GrantFiled: September 19, 1997Date of Patent: March 2, 1999Assignee: Intevep, S.A.Inventors: Zaida Hernandez, Wolfgang Garcia, Magdalena Ramirez de Agudelo
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Patent number: 5821270Abstract: A reversibly deactivated hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst in a hydrocarbon synthesis slurry is rejuvenated by successively passing the slurry through at least two rejuvenation stages external of the slurry reactor, each of which comprises a rejuvenation zone followed by an offgas removal zone. This is accomplished by using a lift pipe outside the reactor into which slurry from the reactor is passed and contacts a catalyst rejuvenating gas to partially rejuvenate the catalyst particles and form a rejuvenation offgas. The gas and slurry mixture are passed into a vessel in which the gas is removed from the slurry. Rejuvenation gas is bubbled into the slurry in the vessel to further rejuvenate the catalyst. A gas removing downcomer removes gas from the slurry in the vessel before it is passed back into the reactor. The rejuvenation gas also acts as a lift gas in the lift pipe.Type: GrantFiled: May 2, 1997Date of Patent: October 13, 1998Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: Min Chang, Constantine A. Coulaloglou, Stephen Ju-Ming Hsia, Charles John Mart
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Patent number: 5817589Abstract: A process for regenerating a spent hydrogenation catalyst, comprising the steps of providing a catalyst comprising a support material selected from the group consisting of an inorganic oxide-zeolite composite, carbon and zeolite, and a catalytically active metal phase selected from the group consisting of partially reduced group IB metals and completely reduced group VIII metals, said metal phase being present in an amount of grater than or equal to about 0.03 wt %, and said catalyst having an initial diolefin hydrogenation activity, treating a hydrocarbon feedstock having a diolefin content of greater than or equal to about 0.Type: GrantFiled: April 2, 1996Date of Patent: October 6, 1998Assignee: Intevep, S.A.Inventors: Magdalena Ramirez de Agudelo, Zaida Hernandez de Godoy, Raul Navarro, Julia Guerra
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Patent number: 5817702Abstract: A reversibly deactivated, particulate catalyst in a slurry hydrocarbon synthesis slurry is rejuvenated by circulating the slurry from a slurry body through (i) a gas disengaging zone to remove gas bubbles from the slurry, (ii) a catalyst rejuvenation zone in which a catalyst rejuvenating gas contacts the catalyst in the slurry to rejuvenate it and form a rejuvenated catalyst slurry and, (iii) back into the slurry body. Removing at least a portion of the gas bubbles improves the rejuvenation process.Type: GrantFiled: May 2, 1997Date of Patent: October 6, 1998Assignee: Exxon Research And Engineering CompanyInventors: William C. Behrmann, Stephen C. Leviness
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Patent number: 5817701Abstract: Partially deactivated catalyst in a slurry hydrocarbon synthesis process is rejuvenated employing a cyclic rejuvenation process in which syngas or CO flow into the slurry is stopped to stop the hydrocarbon synthesis reaction, the CO purged out of the slurry with a purge gas in the presence of hydrogen, the catalyst rejuvenated with a hydrogen containing rejuvenating gas and the hydrocarbon synthesis reaction restarted by passing the synthesis gas feed back into the reactor. All or a portion of the purge gas and/or the rejuvenating gas may be recycled during the respective purge and/or rejuvenation. The hydrogen required during the purge is typically part of the purge gas.Type: GrantFiled: May 2, 1997Date of Patent: October 6, 1998Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: Stephen C. Leviness, Willard N. Mitchell
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Patent number: 5811469Abstract: Hydrocarbon liquid products are filtered and removed from a three phase hydrocarbon synthesis slurry comprising gas bubbles and particulate catalyst solids in a hydrocarbon liquid, by circulating the slurry through a gas disengaging downcomer immersed in the slurry to a filtration zone external or internal of the reactor, and then back into the slurry in the reactor. The gas disengagement densifies the slurry which is passed across the filtration surface under high flow conditions, to reduce solids build up on the filter as filter cake. Circulation through the filtration zone occurs by gravity and hydrostatics due to slurry density differences. The downcomer may also be a gas and solids reducing downcomer.Type: GrantFiled: May 6, 1997Date of Patent: September 22, 1998Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: Stephen C. Leviness, Charles J. Mart
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Patent number: 5811628Abstract: A method for the hydrodechlorination of a reaction gas primarily composed of chlorinated hydrocarbons is carried out sequentially. A first step is advantageously carried out in a tubular reactor filled with catalyst and cooled externally, to maintain a temperature within a preferred range of 80.degree. to 230.degree. C. and a radial temperature difference of not more than 40.degree. C. Hydrogen is added to the tubular reactor with a hydrogen excess in a preferred range of 1.1 to 1.5 relative to the reaction gas, based on the stoichiometric consumption. The catalyst is present in a catalyst loading in a preferred range of 0.1 to 1.5 v/vh based on the volume of reaction gas. A fixed bed reactor is advantageously used for a second step, optimally connected in straight transit with the output of the reactor of the first step. The full-space reactor is maintained at a temperature within a preferred range of 200.degree. to 300.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: July 20, 1995Date of Patent: September 22, 1998Assignees: Leuna-Katalysatoren GmbH, Buck Werke GmbH und Co.Inventors: Klaus Weber, Rainer Schoedel, Peter Birke, Reinhard Geyer, Ulrich Neumann, Werner Haertwig, Gerhard Vogel, Willi Sattelmayer, Rudolf Schumann, Anette Hoppe
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Patent number: 5811363Abstract: A reversibly deactivated, particulate catalyst in a hydrocarbon synthesis slurry is rejuvenated by circulating the slurry from a slurry body through a rejuvenation zone in which hydrogen contacts the slurry and rejuvenates the catalyst to form a rejuvenated catalyst slurry and an offgas which contains catalyst deactivating species. The offgas is separated and removed from the rejuvenated slurry before it is passed back into the slurry body. This avoids or minimizes contamination and recontamination of the slurry body with the deactivating species produced by the rejuvenation process.Type: GrantFiled: May 2, 1997Date of Patent: September 22, 1998Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: Stephen C. Leviness, Willard N. Mitchell
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Patent number: 5770629Abstract: A slurry hydrocarbon synthesis process employs a slurry filtration vessel external of the slurry reactor. Slurry from the reactor is passed through one or more gas and solids disengaging zones, one or more of which may be present in the reactor and vessel, to reduce the gas and solids content of the slurry before it contacts the filter in the vessel. The filter separates the slurry hydrocarbon liquid from the gas and solids as a filtrate which is sent to upgrading. Valves in gas and fluid conduits enable the filtration vessel to be isolated from the reactor for maintenance, to replace filters and to aid in controlling slurry flow through the vessel. A hydrogen rich gas may be injected into the filtration vessel to prevent catalyst deactivation. Slurry is hydraulically circulated between the reactor and vessel due to density differences while the reactor is operating.Type: GrantFiled: May 16, 1997Date of Patent: June 23, 1998Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering CompanyInventors: Charles W. Degeorge, Min Chang
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Patent number: 5763348Abstract: A deactivated reforming catalyst comprising a type L zeolite containing a Group VIII noble metal may be regenerated and have enhanced dispersion by a method involving contacting the catalyst with oxygen and water at elevated temperatures, contacting the catalyst at elevated temperatures with a source of chlorine such as HCl or Cl.sub.2, and preferably oxygen and water, contacting the catalyst at elevated temperatures with oxygen and optionally water, and contacting the catalyst at elevated temperatures with hydrogen and optionally water to reduce the catalyst. Preferably the noble metal is platinum.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1995Date of Patent: June 9, 1998Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering CompanyInventors: Shun C. Fung, Samuel J. Tauster, Jay Y. Koo
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Patent number: 5741749Abstract: A titanium-containing molecular sieve which has been used as an oxidation catalyst is regenerated to provide a level of performance comparable to that of freshly prepared catalyst by heating in the presence of a gas stream comprised of less than 5 volume percent molecular oxygen. The regeneration temperature may be in the range of from 150.degree. C. to 700.degree. C. The same batch of catalyst thus may be used over an extended period of time in a continuous epoxidation process by periodic practice of the aforedescribed reactivation method.Type: GrantFiled: February 13, 1996Date of Patent: April 21, 1998Assignee: Arco Chemical Technology, L.P.Inventors: Guy L. Crocco, John G. Zajacek
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Patent number: 5739071Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for regenerating and/or stabilizing the activity of a dehydrogenation catalyst used in dehydrogenating an alkylaromatic hydrocarbon to obtain an alkenylaromatic hydrocarbon, the method comprising the steps of continuously or intermittently adding to a reactant stream an effective amount of an alkali metal or alkali metal compound without interrupting the dehydrogenation reaction.Type: GrantFiled: March 18, 1996Date of Patent: April 14, 1998Assignee: Raytheon Engineers & Constructors, Inc.Inventors: Shiou-Shan Chen, Shyh-Yuan Hwang, Slawomir A. Oleksy, Sanjeev Ram, Joseph C. Peters
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Patent number: 5705731Abstract: In a process for isomerizing C.sub.4 -C.sub.7 alkanes and/or C.sub.6 -C.sub.7 cycloalkanes which is carried out in the presence of hydrogen gas, a chloride additive (e.g., CCl.sub.4 or C.sub.2 Cl.sub.4) and a supported platinum and chlorine-containing catalyst (e.g., Pt/Cl/Al.sub.2 O.sub.3), the catalyst is intermittently reactivated in two steps: first, the hydrogen to feed hydrocarbon ratio is raised (while the chloride level in the feed is either not changed or lowered), and thereafter the chloride level in the feed is increased. Preferably, the fresh catalyst is also preactivated by contacting it with the hydrocarbon feed wherein the hydrogen to feed hydrocarbon ratio is higher and/or the temperature is lower than what is employed in the subsequent isomerization production cycle.Type: GrantFiled: December 6, 1995Date of Patent: January 6, 1998Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Fan-Nan Lin, Johnnie R. Pierce, John D. Cowan
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Patent number: 5674796Abstract: The present invention relates to processes of regenerating Ni catalysts which had been used in a hydrogenation of unsaturated fatty oil or petroleum resin, which comprise separating the Ni-extracted solution and support by extracting the pretreated Ni catalysts with an acid, preparing support-containing solution by burning the separated support in the flow of air or oxygen diluted with nitrogen at the temperature of 300.degree. to 800.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 1994Date of Patent: October 7, 1997Assignees: Lucky Engineering Co., Ltd., Seoul National UniversityInventors: Ho-in Lee, Sang-heup Moon, Gyo-hyun Hwang, Byung-youl Coh, Seung-hyun Hur, Sung-hee Han, Heung-sun Park, Jong-hae Lee
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Patent number: 5672798Abstract: Hydrocarbons are alkylated in a fluidized riser-reactor using a solid catalyst which is regenerated within the process by contact with hydrogen. The alkylation and regeneration steps are separated to prevent the admixture of hydrogen and any olefins present in the process. Two separate modes of regeneration are performed simultaneously: a mild liquid-phase washing and a vapor-phase hot hydrogen stripping operation.Type: GrantFiled: February 5, 1996Date of Patent: September 30, 1997Assignee: UOPInventors: Scott Yu-Feng Zhang, Christopher David Gosling, Paul Alvin Sechrist, Gregory A. Funk
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Patent number: 5658843Abstract: A method for preparing a copper-containing hydrogenation reaction catalyst includes the step of reducing a formed precursor of a copper-containing hydrogenation reaction catalyst with hydrogen gas or a mixture of hydrogen and inert gas by liquid phase reduction in a stream of a solvent. The reductive activation is carried out by the two steps of performing the first stage of liquid phase reduction by which the catalyst precursor is activated in the temperature range of from 20.degree. to 140.degree. C. so that at least 10% by weight of the copper oxide contained in the catalyst precursor can be reduced by the time when the temperature passes 140.degree. C., and then performing the second stage of liquid phase reduction by which the catalyst precursor is further activated in the temperature range of from 140.degree. to 250.degree. C. The catalyst thus obtained has markedly improved catalytic activity and selectivity.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1995Date of Patent: August 19, 1997Assignee: Kao CorporationInventors: Kiyoshi Tsukada, Yasuyuki Hattori, Taku Mimura, Osamu Tabata, Futoshi Nishigaki
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Patent number: 5654247Abstract: Described is a novel method by which the activity of a deactivated or partially deactivated paraffin isomerization catalyst is enhanced or reactivated. The isomerization catalyst undergoes a deactivation period followed by a reactivation period during which isomerizable hydrocarbons are simultaneously isomerized during the catalyst reactivation.Type: GrantFiled: May 17, 1995Date of Patent: August 5, 1997Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Fan-Nan Lin, Daniel T. Fernald, Floyd H. Holland
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Patent number: 5650369Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel catalyst having a stable catalytic activity for catalyzing the reaction of an alcohol with carbon monoxide and oxygen to produce carbonic acid esters (i.e., carbonate), and also the present invention relates to a method of producing carbonic acid esters using this catalyst. The catalyst of the present invention comprises a copper halide and at least one hydroxide compound selected from a group consisting of alkali metal hydroxides and alkali earth metal hydroxides carried on a porous carrier, and also provide a process of regenerating a catalytic activity of the catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: May 3, 1995Date of Patent: July 22, 1997Assignee: JGC CorporationInventors: Takeshi Koyama, Masao Tonosaki, Nobuhiro Yamada, Kenji Mori
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Patent number: 5622907Abstract: A method is provided for improving the catalytic activity of an alcohol synthesis catalyst. In this method, the catalyst, after activation by exposure to a reducing atmosphere, is improved by contacting with a carbon dioxide-containing gas to convert the zinc oxide in the catalyst to zinc carbonate. This improvement step occurs in situ preferably in the same reactor as used for the synthesizing of the alcohol.Type: GrantFiled: February 23, 1990Date of Patent: April 22, 1997Assignee: Electric Power Research Institute, Inc.Inventors: Sunggyu Lee, Vetkav R. Parameswaran, Byung G. Lee, Conrad J. Kulik
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Patent number: 5607650Abstract: A method of decreasing the level of NOx, CO and SO.sub.2 emissions in a gas turbine is disclosed. A catalyst absorber, preferably made of alumina/platinum/carbonate salt, is used to oxidize the pollutant oxides and absorb them. The catalyst absorber can then be regenerated and reused. An apparatus for treating the stack gases and a method of making the catalyst absorber are also described.Type: GrantFiled: September 18, 1995Date of Patent: March 4, 1997Assignee: Goal Line Environmental TechnologiesInventors: Lawrence Debbage, Eugene Kelley, Eugene D. Guth, Larry E. Campbell, Robert N. Danziger, Sally Padron
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Patent number: 5599758Abstract: Hydrogen or carbon monoxide in a carrier of nitrogen or steam is passed over a devitalized catalyst/carbonate or bicarbonate absorber which has absorbed or adsorbed nitrates and nitrites from engine exhaust to restore the carbonate form and regenerate the devitalized catalyst/absorber for reuse.Type: GrantFiled: December 23, 1994Date of Patent: February 4, 1997Assignee: Goal Line Environmental TechnologiesInventors: Eugene D. Guth, Larry E. Campbell
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Patent number: 5585316Abstract: A cobalt catalyst for use in the Fischer Tropsch reaction of synthesis gas to form hydrocarbons is activated or regenerated by treatment of a cobalt containing catalyst with a gas containing carbon monoxide, said gas containing less than 30% v hydrogen. The catalyst obtained has increased activity and greater selectivity towards producing C.sub.5+ hydrocarbons.Type: GrantFiled: May 17, 1994Date of Patent: December 17, 1996Assignee: British Petroleum Company p.l.c.Inventors: Barry Nay, Mark R. Smith, Clive D. Telford
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Patent number: 5489732Abstract: Hydrocarbons are alkylated in a fluidized riser-reactor using a solid catalyst which is regenerated within the process by contact with hydrogen. The alkylation and regeneration steps are separated to prevent the admixture of hydrogen and any olefins present in the process. Two separate modes of regeneration are performed simultaneously: a mild liquid-phase washing and a vapor-phase hot hydrogen stripping operation.Type: GrantFiled: October 14, 1994Date of Patent: February 6, 1996Assignee: UOPInventors: Scott Y. Zhang, Christopher D. Gosling, Paul A. Sechrist, Gregory A. Funk
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Patent number: 5463166Abstract: A process for reactivating a used n-alkane (preferably n-butane) isomerization catalyst comprising platinum, chlorine and a support material comprises contacting the catalyst with flowing hydrogen gas for at least about 1 hour at a temperature of below about 440.degree. F. Preferably, this reactivation process is carried out as an intermittent step in the hydroisomerization of at least one C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 normal alkane (preferably n-butane).Type: GrantFiled: May 27, 1994Date of Patent: October 31, 1995Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Fan-Nan Lin
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Patent number: 5405814Abstract: An olefin hydration catalyst is regenerated with a non-oxidizing light gas, such as hydrogen. Light olefins, especially propylene, are converted to a mixture of alcohol(s), such as isopropanol (IPA) and ether(s), such as diisopropylether (DIPE) by contacting a feed containing the olefin with water and/or alcohol with the olefin hydration catalyst. Regeneration conditions include temperatures of from about 150.degree. C. to about 550.degree. C., pressures below about 1000 psig (6900 kPa). Lower pressures of regeneration unexpectedly demonstrated more effective catalyst regeneration through greater coke removal.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1993Date of Patent: April 11, 1995Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: James H. Beech, Jr., Weldon K. Bell, W. Thomas Mo, Hye Kyung C. Timken, Robert A. Ware
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Patent number: 5391527Abstract: Catalytic composites of the reaction product of a metal halide having Friedel-Crafts activity with the bound surface hydroxyl group of inorganic oxides and containing a zerovalent metal with hydrogenation activity, often are effective catalysts in motor fuel alkylation which, however, undergo rapid deactivation. Deactivated catalysts are readily regenerable by treating the composite from which alkylate feedstock has been removed with hydrogen at temperatures in the range of 10.degree. to 300.degree. C. Multiple regenerations are possible without appreciable activity loss.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1993Date of Patent: February 21, 1995Assignee: UOPInventors: Masami Kojima, Joseph A. Kocal
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Patent number: 5391292Abstract: Disclosed is a method for starting up a cyclic or semi-cyclic reforming reactor after catalyst regeneration. The method mitigates disruptions to the reforming unit after catalyst regeneration, such as excessive light gas make and a decrease in recycle hydrogen purity.Type: GrantFiled: December 17, 1993Date of Patent: February 21, 1995Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: James J. Schorfheide, Albert E. Schweizer
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Patent number: 5378669Abstract: A method for regenerating a Group VIII noble metal catalyst which has been contaminated with coke during a reforming process. The method comprises (a) burning off the coke from the catalyst, redispersing the noble metal on the surface of the catalyst support by contacting the catalyst with halogen gas and carbon dioxide, and (c) chemically reducing the catalyst. The presence of carbon dioxide in the redispersing step improves the activity of the regenerated catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: September 27, 1993Date of Patent: January 3, 1995Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CompanyInventor: Shun C. Fung
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Patent number: 5358630Abstract: A method for countering the adverse effect of contaminating metals on a crystalline aluminosilicate catalyst comprising contacting the catalyst with a reducing gas under suitable conditions. In a preferred embodiment, the catalyst contains antimony.Type: GrantFiled: November 17, 1980Date of Patent: October 25, 1994Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Brent J. Bertus, Harold W. Mark, John S. Roberts, Arnold M. Schaffer
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Patent number: 5332705Abstract: An improved method for regenerating acetylene hydrogenation catalysts which does not require an oxygenation step is provided. The method may be used to regenerate any acetylene hydrogenation catalyst; however, the method is particularly advantageous when used with a palladium based catalyst which has been used to remove acetylenic contaminants from ethylene.Type: GrantFiled: June 19, 1992Date of Patent: July 26, 1994Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Inventors: Yao-Jyh Huang, Chong F. Shun, Lawrence G. Daniel, Edgar L. Mohundro, John E. Hartgerink
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Patent number: 5315056Abstract: In a dehydrogenation process wherein catalyst is regenerated off-stream by use of heated air, at least two reactors are in the regeneration cycle, with regeneration air being heated to regeneration catalyst temperature for introduction into the first reactor, and thereafter being reheated to catalyst regeneration temperature and introduced into the second reactor. Such air may also be employed for preheating feed to the dehydrogenation reactor and/or for steam generation by heating such air to the temperature required for such procedure.Type: GrantFiled: February 14, 1992Date of Patent: May 24, 1994Assignee: ABB Lummus Crest Inc.Inventors: Robert J. Feldman, Joseph M. Dufallo, William A. Schwartz, Theodore S. Williams
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Patent number: 5310713Abstract: Catalytic composites of the reaction product of a metal halide having Friedel-Crafts activity with the bound surface hydroxyl group of inorganic oxides and containing a zerovalent metal with hydrogenation activity, often are effective catalysts in motor fuel alkylation which, however, undergo rapid deactivation. Deactivated catalysts are readily regenerable by treating the composite from which alkylate feedstock has been removed with hydrogen at temperatures in the range of 10 to 300.degree. C. Multiple regenerations are possible without appreciable activity loss.Type: GrantFiled: April 5, 1993Date of Patent: May 10, 1994Assignee: UOPInventors: Masami Kojima, Joseph A. Kocal
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Patent number: 5306681Abstract: The isomerization activity of hydroisomerization catalyst is recovered by subjecting the catalyst to a wash using light aromatic solvents at elevated temperature, e.g. toluene at 300.degree. C. This hot aromatic solvent wash may be preceded by a hot hydrogen containing gas strip. Catalyst activity can be maintained by the continuous or periodic addition of light aromatic solvent or light aromatic containing materials to the feeds sent to the isomerization catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: March 26, 1993Date of Patent: April 26, 1994Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: James J. Schorfheide, Biddanda U. Achia