Abstract: The present invention relates to spherical solid catalyst components for the polymerization of olefins, comprising a titanium compound, supported on a magnesium halide, containing more than one Ti-halogen link and optionally containing groups different from halogen in an amount lower than 0.5 mole per mole of Ti.

Abstract: The present invention teaches the use of particular soluble metallocene catalysts to produce stereoregular polymers in gas phase polymerizations wherein the catalysts are fed into a particular lean zone in the reactor. The metallocene catalysts are bridged bis(substituted indenyl) compounds.

Abstract: A method of processing spent ion-exchange resins contaminated with suspended particles, inorganic residues and/or organic foreign matter so as to render the resin ineffective for continued use, by which method this waste material can be processed to produce useful activated carbon particles instead of simply being dumped in a landfill. In accordance with the invention, granular spent organic ion-exchange resin having an ash content of from 5 to 30% is first dried, then carbonized under a substantially inert atmosphere at a temperature of 300 to 900° C., the inert atmosphere containing 0.2 to 4 volume percent oxygen up to 400° C., and finally activated at a temperature of at least 700° C. under a substantially inert atmosphere containing 3 to 50 volume percent steam.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for spraying liquid compositions containing volatile solvent by using compressed fluids, such as carbon dioxide or ethane, to form solid particulates, coating powders, and catalyst materials, which can be produced with narrow particle size distributions and can be sprayed at higher solids levels, in ambient air or with heated air applied to just the spray instead of a spray chamber. Novel catalyst supports can be produced having a beneficial morphology such as for olefin catalysis. Drier water-borne coatings can be applied to substrates by using compressed fluids to spray water-borne coating compositions having conventional water levels, thereby reducing runs and sags and shortening dry times.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an unsintered spherical adsorbent particle composition having high mechanical strength and controlled pore size distribution, comprising finely divided silica hydrogel particles bonded together with a silica or metal oxide sol.

Abstract: A solid catalyst component for olefin polymerization superior in shatter resistance and narrowness of particle size distribution, is provided,which component is prepared byspraying a mixture of Mg compound with an alcohol in a molten state, in a column; cooling the inside of the column; to obtain a component (B); partly removing the alcohol from (B), to obtain a solid component (C); contacting a halogen-containing Ti compound and an electron donor with (C); to obtain (D); contacting (D) with a halogen-containing Ti compound;in the above process,specifying the composition formulas of (A), (B) and (C); specifying the X-ray diffraction spector of (C) in comparison of that of (B); and contacting (C) with a halogen-containing Ti compound and an electron donor using an aliphatic hydrocarbon of a specified b.p., in a specified temperature.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an unsintered spherical adsorbent particle composition having high mechanical strength and controlled pore size distribution, comprising finely divided silica hydrogel particles bonded together with a silica or metal oxide sol.

Abstract: The present invention teaches the use of an effervescent nozzle to deliver liquid catalyst to a gas phase polymerization system.

Abstract: A process to make a sorbent composition said process comprising:(1) contacting(1.1) at least one zinc component, where said zinc component comprises zinc oxide, or a compound convertible to zinc oxide,(1.2) at least one silica component, where said silica component comprises silica, or a compound convertible to silica,(1.3) at least one colloidal oxide component, where said colloidal oxide component comprises a mixture that comprises a metal oxide, and optionally(1.4) at least one pore generator component; to form a first mixture; and thereafter,(2) extruding said first mixture to form an extruded, first mixture; and thereafter,(3) sphering said extruded, first mixture to form a sphered, extruded, first mixture that comprises particles where said particles have a particle size from about 0.

Abstract: Catalyst particles are prepared by coating a core particle, which is usually catalytically inert with respect to the intended chemical reaction, in a fluidized bed coating apparatus. The coating technique involves repeatedly applying and drying small quantities of an atomized slurry containing the coating material in the form of a colloidal dispersion or in the form of very fine, non-colloidal particles preferably mixed with colloidal particles. In this way, incremental layers are formed to produce a final thin shell which has a highly uniform thickness, which is formed on the surface of the core and which does not penetrate porous cores. Various methods are disclosed for converting the coated particles to the desired catalyst form.

Abstract: The active carrier particles of even size of the polymerization catalyst are prepared so that a melt of a complex composition is provided having the formula (I)MgCl.sub.2 nROH mED (I)in which ROH depicts an aliphatic alcohol, R is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, ED depicts an electron donor, n is 1 to 6 and m is 0 to 1; the melt provided is fed to a nozzle (4); the melt is sprayed from the nozzle (4) to the spraying area (5), in which it is divided into fine melt droplets and possibly partly solidifies; the possibly partly solidified melt particles are transferred to a cooled crystallization area (6), where they crystallize to solid carrier particles; and the solid carrier particles are recovered. The melt mentioned is sprayed through a nozzle (4), which is rotated or which has attached to it a member that rotates and throws melt outwards from the rotating center to the spraying area (5).

Abstract: An improvement is proposed in the so-called urea method for the preparation of fine particles of yttrium oxide, according to which, while an aqueous reaction mixture containing a water-soluble yttrium salt, e.g., nitrate, and urea dissolved therein in specified concentrations is heated at 90.degree. to 100.degree. C. to effect precipitation of yttrium carbonate hydroxide particles followed by calcination of the carbonate hydroxide in air into yttrium oxide, the aqueous reaction mixture is diluted with addition of a specified volume of preheated water within a critical period between incipient appearance of turbidity in the reaction mixture by the precipitation of the carbonate hydroxide and a moment 30 minutes thereafter. In this way, the yttrium oxide particles obtained have a globular particle configuration with a very small average particle diameter D.sub.50 in the range from 0.1 to 0.3 .mu.m and are suitable for use in various fine applications.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of a support containing silica and at least one constituent chosen from alumina and aluminium phosphate, according to which an alcohol, water, a silicon alkoxide and an acid are mixed under conditions such that gelling or precipitation of silica is prevented, an acidic solution of an aluminium compound and/or a solution of a source of phosphate ions are added thereto, a gelling agent is added thereto, a gel is recovered which is washed with water and then by means of an organic liquid, the gel is then dried by atomization until a powder is obtained, and the powder is calcined. Polymerization of olefins in the presence of a catalyst containing chromium on a support as described above.

Abstract: A proces for preparing a spherical support for the polymerization of alpha-olefins from an ammonium dawsonite which is spray-dryed and formed into spherical particles which are then calcined and impregnated with titanium to produce a spherical catalyst of good mechanical strength is described. Also described is the polymerization process which, in the presence of the spherical catalyst, yields polyolefin particles which preserve the spherical characteristics of the support, with low flow angle and good bulk density, as well as the product polyethylene obtained from the process.

Abstract: Metallocene-containing catalyst compositions that include inert filler, a method for their preparation, and a method for their use in production of polyolefins are disclosed and claimed. The catalyst compositions contain solid particles of a mixture comprising a) a metallocene catalyst; b) a cocatalyst capable of activating said metallocene catalyst; and c) particulate filler material having an average particle size of less than about 10 micrometers that is unreactive with the metallocene catalyst and the cocatalyst. They are prepared by spray drying a slurry of the constituents.

Abstract: Catalyst systems and methods for supporting catalysts and their components, particularly metallocene catalyst components, are provided. The method involves teqhniques for evenly distributing a small volume of catalyst component over and among a porous support material. Such even distribution is thought to result in reduced fouling.

Abstract: Metallocene-containing catalyst compositions that include inert filler, a method for their preparation, and a method for their use in production of polyolefins are disclosed and claimed. The catalyst compositions contain solid particles of a mixture comprising a) a metallocene catalyst; b) a cocatalyst capable of activating said metallocene catalyst; and c) particulate filler material having an average particle size of less than about 10 micrometers that is unreactive with the metallocene catalyst and the cocatalyst. They are prepared by spray drying a slurry of the constituents.

Abstract: Catalyst systems and methods for supporting catalysts and their components, particularly metallocene catalyst components, are provided. The method involves techniques for evenly distributing a small volume of catalyst component over and among a porous support material. Such even distribution is thought to result in reduced fouling.

Abstract: Magnesium chloride, titanium chloride and at least an electron donor are introduced in a plasma torch. These chlorides being in solution or in suspension in a liquid that can be an electron donor. A very fine granulometry powder is collected after cooling. The powder is very fine, it has a controlled morphology and it can be used as catalyst for alpha-olefins polymerization.

Abstract: The present invention relates to spherical solid components of catalysts for the polymerization of olefins comprising, supported on a magnesium dihalide in active form, a titanium compound containing at least one Ti-halogen bond and one OR group, said OR group being bonded to Ti in an amount such that the OR/Ti molar ratio is greater than or equal to 0.5; optionally the component also comprises an electron donor compound. The spherical solid components of the invention are characterized by having a porosity comprised between 0.35 and 0.7 cm.sup.3 /g and by a pore size distribution such that at least 50% of the porosity is due to pores having an average radius greater than 800 .ANG..

Abstract: The present invention relates to spherical solid components of catalysts for the polymerization of olefins comprising, supported on a magnesium dihalide in active form, a titanium compound containing at least one Ti-halogen bond, and optionally an electron donor compound. The spherical solid components of the invention are characterized by porosity values higher than 1 cm.sup.3 /g and a pore size distribution such that at least 30% of their pores have an average radius greater than 10000 .ANG..

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing a shape-shifted catalyst component comprising (1) contacting a dihydrocarbyloxide magnesium compound with carbon dioxide in the presence of a slurrying agent to form a slurry of a carboxylated dihydrocarbyloxide magnesium compound; (2) adding a filler to the slurry either before or after the carboxylation of step (1); (3) spray drying the slurry of step (2) to evaporate the slurrying agent and to produce solid particles of the carboxylated dihydrocarbyloxide magnesium compound incorporating the filler; and, optionally, (4) heating the solid particles to remove carbon dioxide to produce a shape-shifted dihydrocarbyloxide magnesium compound component. A catalyst system using the component and a polymerization process employing the catalyst system are also provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to microspheres produced by spray drying clay slurries and calcining the product to form attrition resistant microspheres. Phosphoric acid is injected in a neutral to mildly alkaline dispersed high solids kaolin slurry immediately before spray drying to improve properties of the microspheres.

Abstract: A process to make a small, discrete, spherical magnesium dihalide alcohol adduct is provided. This process comprises: contacting a magnesium dihalide and an alcohol in a high-viscosity liquid that consists of hydrocarbons, to obtain a dispersion; heating and agitating the dispersion to obtain a molten dipersion; cooling the molten dispersion to form said small, discrete, spherical magnesium dihalide alcohol adduct.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a particulate carrier for an olefin polymerization procatalyst comprising a complex of an organic compound/transition metal compound as a carrier. In the method a melt MgCl.sub.2 --C.sub.2 H.sub.5 OH-complex is provided containing on average 3.3 to 5.5 C.sub.2 H.sub.5 OH-molecules per each MgCl.sub.2 -molecule, the melt MgCl.sub.2 -complex is sprayed through a nozzle dispersing it into a chamber, wherein a particulate carrier is formed of it and the particulate carrier is removed from the chamber. Unlike prior known methods to produce a carrier having an optimal C.sub.2 H.sub.5 OH content in this invention the removal rate--by the aid of heat--of C.sub.2 H.sub.5 OH from the MgCl.sub.2 --C.sub.2 H.sub.5 OH-complex in connection with the spraying that the particulate carrier is controlled. As a result, the particulate carrier obtained possesses on average 2.0 to 3.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5 OH molecules per each MgCl.sub.2 molecule. Such a carrier has a suitable C.sub.2 H.

Abstract: A process for preparing fracture-resistant sol/gel particles which contain silicon dioxide, in which a highly disperse filler is added to the aqueous alkali metal silicate solution and/or the aqueous acid solution used in the preparation process.

Abstract: A solid component of catalyst highly active in the (co)polymerization of ethylene containing titanium, magnesium, aluminum, chlorine and alkoxy groups, and obtained by means of a procedure wherein:(i) a solid, granular support of magnesium chloride, obtained by spray-drying an alcohol solution of magnesium chloride, is suspended in a liquid hydrocarbon solvent and an aliphatic alcohol and a titanium tetraalkoxide are added to the suspension thus obtained,(ii) the suspension of step (i) is heated until a homogeneous solution is obtained and the solution is cooled to precipitate a granular solid in a relative suspension,(iii) the granular solid obtained in step (ii), in the relative suspension, is put in contact and reacted with an aluminum alkyl halide, and(iv) the solid component catalyst is recovered from the reaction products of step (iii).

Abstract: A process for producing a spherical zeolite catalyst is disclosed, which comprises dropping a zeolite-containing alumina sol into a surfactant-containing oil phase from a dropping opening directly or through air to thereby form spherical droplets of the sol, and then allowing the droplets to gel in an aqueous alkaline solution phase underlying the oil phase and withdrawing the thus gelled droplets, said dropping of the sol being conducted while the dropping opening is being impulsed to thereby impart a spherical and uniform shape to the resulting zeolite particles containing alumina as a binder, and a novel apparatus therefor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the preparation of a supported procatalyst intended for the polymerization of olefins, in which particles are formed from magnesium halide and alcohol, the particles are reacted with an organometallic compound of any of the metals of the groups I to III, the thus obtained particulate product is activated by means of a titanium(IV) compound, and optionally a prepolymerization is carried out for the activated particles. A problem with this kind of a method is, how to form particles from magnesium dihalide and alcohol having an advantageous structure for the polymerization of ethylene and particularly ethylene with a narrow molecular weight distribution. The problem has in the present invention been solved so that the particles are formed by spray-crystallizing a mixture of magnesium dihalide and alcohol to complex particles of magnesium dihalide and alcohol and that titanium(IV) alcoxyhalide has been used as the titanium compound.

Abstract: In a novel process for the preparation of a supported catalyst for the polymerization of .alpha.-olefins, a carrier gel (1) is first prepared by a method in which a sodium or potassium waterglass solution is introduced into a stream of an aqueous mineral acid which is subjected to angular momentum and may contain aluminum ions, longitudinally and tangentially to the stream, the resulting silica hydrosol sprayed in the form of drops into a gaseous medium and allowed to solidify into a hydrogel, and the resulting hydrogel is freed from salts by washing without prior aging and, if necessary, freed from some of the water by extraction with alcohols and/or ketones and is then dried. This gives the carrier gel (1), which is milled and is fractionated according to particle size. In a second process step, the carrier gel (1) is laden with chromium trioxide or with a chromium compound which can be converted into chromium trioxide, after which the resulting chromium-containing carrier gel (2) is heated at from 400.

Abstract: Highly durable and chemically reactive zinc titanate materials are prepared in a particle size range of 50 to 400 .mu.m suitable for a fluidized-bed reactor for removing reduced sulfur species in a gaseous form by granulating a mixture of fine zinc oxide and titanium oxide with inorganic and organic binders and by optional additions of small amounts of activators such as CoO and MoO.sub.3 ; and then indurating it at 800.degree. to 900.degree. C. for a time sufficient to produce attrition-resistant granules.

Abstract: Process for obtaining monodisperse microspheroidal particles, comprising spraying an electrostatically charged gellable liquid material through a spraying orifice and into a chamber, so as to produce macrodrops which break up into microdrops which fall in the chamber and within which gelling is produced after spraying. The microspheroidal particles thus obtained can be collected on a solid surface or preferably in a liquid medium and find application in the manufacture of silica-based microspheroidal particles. These microspheroidal particles can be employed as catalyst supports for alpha-olefin polymerization.

Abstract: Method for making hollow microspheres of substantially uniform diameter and of substantially uniform wall thickness is disclosed. The walls of the hollow microspheres comprise sintered together particles which define interconnecting voids within the walls and a single central cavity in the interior of the microspheres and inner and outer microsphere wall surfaces. The interconnecting voids are continuous and extend from the outer wall surface to the inner wall surface. The walls have substantially uniform void content and the interconnecting voids are substantially uniformly distributed in the walls of the hollow microspheres and the walls of the hollow microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials and are substantially free of relatively thinned wall portions and bubbles. The method includes heating the microspheres for a sufficient period of time to close and seal the interconnecting void.

Abstract: In conventional spraying methods the problem in the preparation of small carrier particles aimed for the polymerization is that the drops constituting the prestages of the particles agglomerate or form otherwise in different sizes, whereby the size distribution of the carrier particles becomes too broad. This leads due to the so-called replica phenomenon to a polymer product having also a too broad particle size distribution. In the present invention the carrier is prepared by spraying a liquid containing a carrier through a nozzle into inert gas so that its first forms small droplets, which then solidify to small carrier particles. The desired narrow particle size distribution is provided by feeding a liquid containing a carrier through a nozzle, in which or in connection with which the liquid drops by means of the standing sonic waves in the ultrasonic range into small droplets of uniform size. The droplets of uniform size solidify then into small carrier particles of equally uniform size.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the preparation of a supported procatalyst intended for the polymerization of olefines, in which particles are formed of magnesium dihalide and alcohol, the particles are reacted with an organic compound of a metal from the groups I-III, the thus obtained particulate product is activated by means of a titanium and/or vanadium compound and optionally a donor, and optionally a prepolymerization is carried out for the activated particles. A problem of such a method is how to form particles of magnesium dihalogenide and alcohol having a structure advantageous for the polymerization of olefins. The problem has in the present invention been solved so that the particles are formed by spray crystallizing (spray freezing) a mixture of magnesium dihalide and alcohol to complex particles of magnesium dihalide and alcohol. The hydroxyl content of the particles so obtained is much greater than earlier, which results in a much more active procatalyst than the preceding ones.

Abstract: This invention relates to formed, polymeric complexes of metals of the eighth subgroup of the periodic system with ligands of an organosiloxane copolycondensate optionally cross-linked by means of cross-linking agents containing Si, Ti, Zr and/or Al, in the form of statistical, block or mixed copolycondensates. The ratio between the number of moles of phosphine units and the number of moles of bound metal atoms is 1:1 to 1000 to 1 and the ratio between the amine units and the phosphine is preferably 5:95 to 95:5 mole %. The polymeric complex compounds are present macroscopically as spherical particles with a diameter in the range of 0.01 to 3.0 mm, a BET surface of greater than 0 to 1000 m.sup.2 /g, a specific pore volume of 0.01 to 6.5 ml/g and a bulk density of 50 to 1000 g/l. The invention also includes several methods of preparing the complexes with post-treatment stages and the use of the polymeric metal complexes as catalysts in organic chemistry.

Abstract: Molecular sieve agglomerates exhibiting reduced pore mouth blockage and decreased diffusivity resistance to the internal sieve pores result from coating, prior to addition of a binding agent to the sieve, the molecular sieve particles with an organic polymer, fixing the polymer to the sieve surface so that it exhibits no migratory tendencies and subsequently removing the coating by combustion during calcination of the formed agglomerate. Such agglomerates showed enhanced activity and selectivity in typical refining processes such as dewaxing and fluid catalytic cracking.

Abstract: Microparticles of a hydrosilylation catalyst encapsulated in a thermoplastic resin are prepared by forming a solution containing the hydrosilylation catalyst and a thermoplastic resin with a glass-transition temperature or softening point of 40.degree. to 200.degree. C. dissolved in a solvent, and then spraying this solution as droplets into a hot gas current in order to volatilize the solvent while solidifying said thermoplastic resin during entrainment of the droplets in the gas current.

Abstract: A packing material for liquid chromatography, comprising a spherical clay mineral powder which comprises a naturally occurring or synthetic water-swellable clay mineral, a clay mineral having foreign cations substantially substituted for interlayer ions inherently present in the naturally occurring or synthetic water-swellable clay mineral, or a calcined product thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a solid catalyst suitable for polymerizing olefins in a heterogeneous process, the catalyst consisting of spheroidal particles having a narrow particle size distribution and comprising (i) a support containing magnesium dichloride and an electron-donor free from labile hydrogen, (ii) a zirconium metallocene, and (iii) optionally an organoaluminium compound which is an aluminoxane preferably. The solid catalyst may be used in the form of a prepolymer comprising a polyethylene or a copolymer of ethylene and an active zirconium metallocene catalyst essentially consisting of atoms of Zr, Mg, Cl and Al, preferably in the form of spheriodal particles. The solid catalyst or the prepolymer may be used for producing polyethylene or copolymer of ethylene having from 0.5 to 20 ppm of zr and a molecular weight distribution from 2 to 5, in the form of a powder having a bulk density from 0.3 to 0.55 g/cm.sup.3, preferably consisting of spheroidal particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a Ziegler-Natta type catalyst based on vanadium and titanium. The process comprises (1) contacting within a liquid hydrocarbon a spheroidal support comprising (i) MgCl.sub.2 free from any Mg-C bond and (ii) an electron-donor (D1) free from labile hydrogen, successively with an electron-donor (D2) containing labile hydrogen and then with an organometallic compound capable of reducing vanadium and titanium compounds, (2) washing of the solid product with a liquid hydrocarbon and (3) then contacting the washed solid product with a vanadium compound and a titanium compound, both being soluble in the liquid hydrocarbon. The catalyst consists of spheroidal particles without fines, is very active in olefin polymerization and is particularly suitable for producing elastomeric copolymers of propylene.

Abstract: A process for producing a catalyst component for olefin polymerization is provided, which process comprises spraying a solution of a magnesium compound e.g. MgCl.sub.2 and an alcohol such as MgCl.sub.2. nROH (wherein R is 1-10 C alkyl and n is 3-6) into a cooled spray column to obtain a spherical solid component (carrier) without any substantial vaporization of the alcohol, followed by partly drying the component for a time till a specified ratio of the alcohol/MgCl.sub.2 is attained, and then subjecting the resulting component to treatment with a titanium halide and an electron-donating component, the resulting component having a large particle diameter, without any dispersion of the solvent content in the component particles and also without any breakage of the particles when subjected to treatment with the titanium halides.

Abstract: A solid catalyst component for the low-pressure polymerization of ethylene and C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 alpha-olefins into very high molecular weight polyolefins is in the form of a spherical granular solid having a surface area of between 20 and 40 m.sup.2 /g, a mean pore radius of between 5,000 and 40,000 .ANG. and a porosity of between 40 and 90 vol %, and is definable by the following formula (in atomic proportions:X (1), Mg (1-8), Al (0.2-0.8), Cl (5-20), (Et+OEt+OR) (1-3);where: X=Hf or Zr; Et=ethyl group; OEt=ethoxy group; and OR=alkoxy group containing from 2 to 8 carbon atoms in the linear or branched alkyl portion.Such a catalyst component is obtained by preparing a solid spherical granular support by spray-drying an ethanolic solution of magnesium chloride, reacting said support with a hafnium or zirconium alkoxide or halogenalkoxide, and finally reacting the thus treated support with an alkyl aluminum chloride.

Abstract: Catalyst compositions enabling the production of polyalkenes with improved bulk density are prepared by combining the following catalyst components in the following order of addition: first introducing an electron donor component, then adding a reaction product of a di-alkylaluminium halide and a solid component comprising a magnesium di-halide, an electron donor and a halide of tetravalent titanium and lastly adding a tri-alkylaluminium compound.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for drying aluminoxane, which comprises drying a viscous solution containing aluminoxane, while applying a shearing force sufficient to keep said viscous solution in polydispersive state, so as to make the solution to be a solid-state polydispersoid. Also disclosed is a process for producing a polymer which comprises polymerizing a polymerizable monomer, using the aluminoxane obtained by the process of the present invention.According to the process of the present invention, aluminoxane in uniform powder which is easy to treat can be efficiently obtained in an industrial scale, and polymers can be produced at high efficiency.

Abstract: Normally sparingly soluble magnesium alkoxide is solubilized in alkanol by the additional presence of certain acidic materials. The resulting solution is used to produce a mixture of substantially spherical particles, substantially free of fines, containing an adduct magnesium alkoxide. The particles are converted by conventional methods to a procatalyst precursor of an olefin polymerization catalyst of good activity and good selectivity to stereoregular polymer whenever appropriate, which catalyst produces polymer product of good morphology.

Abstract: A Zeigler-Natta type catalyst suitable for polmerizing propylene comprising a preactivated support coated with 0.1 to 10 g of homopolymer or copolymer of propylene. The preactivated support which comprises magnesium chloride and 1 to 20% by mol of an electron donor free from labile hydrogen and from ester function, is in the form of spherical particles having a mean diameter by mass of 10 to 100 microns and a ratio of the means diameter by mass to the mean diameter by number of less than 2.0. The preactivated support is treated with at least one internal electron donor compound and coated by contacting the treated support with an alkyl aluminium halide and propylene, optionally together with ethylene and/or a C.sub.4-8 alpha-olefin, in the absence of an external electron donor compound.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a solid catalyst of the Ziegler-Natta type comprises precipitating the solid catalyst in a liquid hydrocarbon medium by reacting (A) a solution of a soluble magnesium alkoxide and (B) a transition metal halide which is a halide of Ti (IV), a halide of V (IV) or a halide of VO (III) in the presence of (C) at least one transition metal alkoxide which is free from halogen and soluble in liquid hydrocarbon. The precipitated solid catalyst consists of spheroidal particles having a mean diameter by mass of from 10 to 70 microns and a narrow particle size distribution such that the ratio of mean diameter by mass to the mean diameter by number is greater than 1.2 and smaller than 2.0.

Abstract: Means and methods of producing catalytically coated microspheres of hydrocarbon fuel in a tower into which precharged free floating initially frozen globules of hydrocarbon fuel are drawn through a catalytic plasma field by an attracting electrostatic force disposed thereabove for catalytic coating and partial neutralization of the globule precharge until the coated globules descends in response to gravitational forces through the plasma field into a container disposed therebeneath.

Abstract: A process of the Ziegler-Natta type is prepared using a preactivated support containing (A) from 80 to 95 mol % of magnesium chloride and (B) 5 to 20 mol % of at least one electron donor compound which contains no labile hydrogen and no ester function; the preactivated support consisting of spherical particles having a mass average diameter, Dm of 10 to 100 microns and a particle size distribution Dm/Dn of less than 2. The catalyst is prepared by (i) treating the preactivated support with at least one electron donor compound containing labile hydrogen, (ii) treating the resulting activated support with at least one ester of an aromatic acid, (iii) impregnating the treated support with titanium tetrachloride and (iv) after washing the impregnated catalyst activating it with titanium tetrachloride. The catalyst has a high titanium content and a high activity when used to polymerize olefins.