Abstract: An integrated circuit for quantum computing may include a superconducting shield to limit magnetic field interactions.

Abstract: An integrated circuit for quantum computing may include a superconducting shield to limit magnetic field interactions.

Abstract: A flat multi-layer arrangement (1; 1a–1f) of superconducting wires (4,5) with normally conducting substrate (17) and at least one fiber (16) which is electrically conductingly connected to the substrate (17) and is superconducting under predetermined operating conditions is characterized in that the superconducting wires (4, 5) in a respective layer (2, 3; 22, 23) are substantially disposed such that they do not cross. A resistive electric contact is provided between the superconducting wires (4, 5) of different layers (2,3; 22, 23) and the superconducting wires (4, 5) of at least two neighboring layers (2, 3; 22, 23) do cross, wherein no closed superconducting loops are present in the arrangement (1; 1a–1f). This arrangement permits shielding of the working volume of a magnet coil arrangement against low-frequency stray fields in an efficient and reliable manner.

Abstract: An oxide superconductor includes a textured superconducting material including an array of defects, where the defects are a compound of two elements foreign to the superconductor, plus other elements native to the superconductor. The two foreign elements include one from group A and one from group B (or alternately the two foreign elements include the element uranium and one element from group C), where group A includes Cr, Mo, W, or Nd, group B includes Pt, Zr, Pd, Ni, Ti, Hf, Ce and Th, and group C includes Zr, Pd, Ni, Ti, Hf, Ce and Th. The array of defects is dispersed throughout the superconducting material. The superconducting material may be the RE1Ba2Cu3O7?? compound, wherein RE=Y, Nd, La, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Tb; the Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox, (Bi, Pb)2Sr2CaCu2Ox, Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox and (Bi, Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox compounds; the HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8 and HgBa2CaCu2O6 compounds, the TlCaBa2Cu2Ox or Tl2Ca2Ba2Cu3Ox compounds and compounds involving substitution such as the Nd1+xBa2?xCu3Ox compounds.

Abstract: An oxide superconductor includes a textured superconducting material including an array of defects with a neutron-fissionable element, or with at least one of the following chemical elements: uranium-238, Nd, Mn, Re, Th, Sm, V, and Ta. The array of defects is dispersed throughout the superconducting material. The superconducting material may be the RE1Ba2Cu3O7−&dgr; compound, wherein RE=Y, Nd, La, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu; the Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox, the (Bi, Pb)2Sr2CaCu2Ox, Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox or (Bi, Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox compound; the Tl2Ca1.5BaCu2Ox or Tl2Ca2Ba2Cu3Ox compound; or a compound involving substitution such as the Nd1+xBa2−xCu3Ox compounds. The neutron-fissionable element may be uranium-235. The oxide superconductor may include additional defects created by fission.

Abstract: By combining magnetically shielding members of various different properties with each other, a magnetically shielding capability of a magnetically shielding structure is made to improve and a greatly reduced magnetic field, as compared to an external one, can be realized effectively. The penetrating magnetic field has a distribution, on the longitudinal axis of a cylindrical shielding body made of a material manifesting a Meissner effect, which attenuates toward the center direction of the cylindrical shielding body. Magnetic induction is generated in a cylindrical collar made of a highly permeable material. Then, the penetrating magnetic field is shorted magnetically, being absorbed by the highly permeable material.

Abstract: A superconducting current lead includes a cylindrical support member 3, and superconducting wire material units 1 each of which is fixed onto the support member and each of which is composed of a single tape-like oxide superconducting wire material or a laminated tape-like oxide superconducting wire material, wherein tape surf aces of the superconducting wire material units are disposed in parallel with a circumferential direction in a cylindrical coordinate system, and the cylindrical support member is formed from a low thermal conductivity material.

Abstract: A superconductive device for helping shield magnetic field comprises at least two members; a layer containing superconductive oxide over each of said members; means for connecting said members to form a substrate; and means for connecting said layers containing superconductive oxide along a joint in which said members are connected.

Abstract: A superconducting fault current limiter composed of an induction coil wound around a core made of a soft magnetic material such as soft iron, ferrite or the like, a cylindrical superconductive body arranged in surrounding relationship with the induction coil and a cooling container formed to contain only the superconductive body therein and filled with cooling liquid such as liquid nitrogen or helium to immerse therein the superconductive body.

Abstract: Magnetically shielding structure in which by combining magnetically shielding members of various qualities with each other, its magnetically shielding capability is made to improve, and the greatly lower magnetic field than an externl one can be realized effectively. For this purpose, by providing a cylindrical magnetically shielding body made of a superconductive material manifesting Meissner effect and high permeability members of a predetermined sizes of various shapes, and by combining them variously with each other leaving spaces betwen them, magnetic inductions are made to generate in the high permeability members, and a penetrating magnetic field is made to be shorted magnetically.

Abstract: A superconductive device for helping shield magnetic field comprises at least two members; a layer containing superconductive oxide over each of the members; connecting component for connecting the members to form a substrate; and connecting element for connecting the layers containing superconductive oxide along a joint in which the members are connected.

Abstract: A superconductive tube for magnetic shielding has a cylindrical substrate composed of at least two members, an intermediate medium placed upon a surface of the inner and/or the outer wall of the substrate, and a layer containing a superconductive oxide, placed upon the intermediate medium, which are integrally formed in a cylindrical shape.

Abstract: A large-area superconductor magnetic shield comprising a plurality of small superconductor unit layers stuck onto the surface of a large-area substrate, wherein the external peripheral sections of the adjacent unit layers are overlapped mutually or the end sections of the adjacent unit layers are abutted mutually such that the adjacent unit layers do not make contact with one another. Compared with conventional magnetic shields, the magnetic shielding amount at the overlapping sections of the magnetic shield of the present invention is substantially greater.

Abstract: The superconducting structure for magnetic shielding according to the present invention comprises at least two layers of a superconducting layer and a substrate. This superconducting structure for magnetic shielding can be formed in a plate-like shape or a cylindrical shape. When the structure is prepared in three-layers by providing an intermediate layer between the superconducting layer and the substrate, the three-layered structure has improved superconducting properties. When a protective layer is provided on the superconducting layer to protect the layer, the resulting structure has improved thermal shock resistance. The intermediate layer preferably consists of a ceramic or a noble metal and the ceramic preferably consists of a glass.

Abstract: A superconductive apparatus including a superconductive member to be cooled, a cooling element which exhibits Peltier effect upon supply of electric power thereto such that the superconductive member is thermally coupled with a cooling portion of the cooling element and a container for accommodating the superconductive member and the cooling portion.

Abstract: A magnetic recording apparatus with a magnetic head, superconductive layers formed over at least flux generating surfaces of the magnetic head and normal conductive regions of small size for passing the flux provided in the superconductive layers, over the flux generating surfaces, so as not to form a closed magnetic circuit so as to enable reversible spontaneous magnetization in a magnetic recording medium proximate thereto. The minimum unit size (recording wavelength) of the reversible spontaneous magnetization in magnetic recording of the magnetic recording medium can be reduced from the order of 1 .mu.m to that of 0.1 .mu.m. Thus it is possible to increase the surface recording density of the magnetic recording medium utilizing more than 100 Mb/in.sup.2, comparable to the density achieved by the opto-magnetic recording. This in turn makes it possible to provide a large disc apparatus having a capacity of 60 MB or more.

Abstract: In a strain measuring device employing a magnetic permeability detector means to detect an amount of strain in a passive member as changes of magnetic permeability in a magnetostrictive layer, a magnetic shielding layer is formed on the surface of the passive member, and the magnetostrictive layer is formed thereon so as to lessen the adverse effects of the passive member caused by the magnetic characteristics of the passive member in strain measurement, that is, to reduce measurement errors. Alternatively, a magnetostrictive layer is formed on the surface of the passive member, or a magnetic shielding layer is partially formed on the surface of the passive member of a soft magnetic material with high permeability, so as to lessen the influence of the passive member caused by thermal stresses of the passive member in strain measurement, that is, to reduce measurement errors. Further, there is provided a strain measuring device which facilitates formation of the magnetostrictive layer.

Abstract: A cryogenic gyroscope for detecting the angular velocity of a rigid system without reference to an external inertial system comprises a closed rigid casing made of a sueprconducting material and kept below its critical superconducting temperature, for example, by immersion in a bath of liquid helium. A rotation-detector device is situated within the superconductor casing. This device, which is rigidly supported by the wall of the casing, includes at least one component of ferromagnetic material, constituted by a plurality of ferromagnetic strips intercalated with layers of electrically-insulating material.

Abstract: A magnetic shield which comprises: a plurality of metallic cylinders connected to each other in the axial direction thereof, each of the plurality of cylinders having at one end thereof an engaging section for receiving an end of an adjacent metallic cylinder to be connected thereto; and a film of a composite oxide superconducting material containing a Cu.sub.x O.sub.y -radical, formed on the entire inner surface of each of the plurality of cylinders, including the inner surface of the engaging section thereof. The above-mentioned magnetic shield can easily be scaled up and has a high magnetic shielding effect.

Abstract: In a strain measuring device employing a magnetic permeability detector means to detect an amount of strain in a passive member as changes of magnetic permeability in a magnetostrictive layer, a magnetic shielding layer is formed on the surface of the passive member, and the magnetostrictive layer is formed thereon so as to lessen the adverse effects of the passive member caused by the magnetic characteristics of the passive member in strain measurement, that is, to reduce measurement errors. Alternatively, a magnetostrictive layer is formed on the surface of the passive member, or a magnetic shielding layer is partially forrmed on the surface of the passive member of soft magnetic material with high permeability, so as to lessen the influence of the passive member caused by thermal stresses of the passive member in strain measurement, that is, to reduce measurement errors. Further, there is provided a strain measuring device which facilitates formation of the magnetostrictive layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a distance measuring system suitably usable in a semiconductor microcircuit manufacturing lithographic apparatus such as an aligner or a stepper, for measuring the position or the distance of movement of a movable object such as a mask stage or a wafer stage. The system includes a magnetic field producing portion such as a magnet for producing a predetermined magnetic field, a superconducting quantum interference device coupled to the mask stage or the wafer stage. Further, there are provided a magnetic flux detecting portion for outputting signals corresponding to changes in the magnetic flux, in the magnetic field, passing through the superconducting quantum interference device and a signal processing unit for processing the output signals of the magnetic flux detecting portion to detect the position or the distance of movement of the mask stage or the wafer stage.

Abstract: Thin-film magnetic head including a magnetoresistive element (1) and a face (9) for magnetically coupling the element with a magnetic recording medium. A magnetic yoke constituted by three layers (3, 5, 7) of a magnetically permeable material has a gap (13) which is bridged by the magnetoresistive element. A layer (15) of a superconducting material for improving the efficiency of the magnetic head is provided between the layers (3) and (5) and the element (1) on the one hand and the layer (7) on the other hand. For protection from external disturbing magnetic fields and reduction of stray flux a layer (43A, 43B, respectively) of a superconducting material is provided on the layers (3) and (5) and under the layer (7).