Abstract: A probe laser beam causes molecules to transition from a ground state to an excited state. A control laser beam causes molecules in the excited state to transition to a laser-induced Rydberg state. Microwave lenses convert a microwave wavefront into respective microwave beams. The microwave beams are counter-propagated through molecules so as to create a microwave interference pattern of alternating maxima and minima. The microwave interference pattern is imposed on the probe beam as a probe transmission pattern. The propagation direction of the microwave wavefront can be determined from the translational position of the probe transmission pattern; the intensity of the microwave wavefront can be determined by the intensity difference between the minima and maxima of the probe transmission pattern.

Abstract: A 3D microwave sensor includes a cloud of particles, e.g., rubidium 87 atoms. A laser system produces: a first probe beam directed through the particle cloud along a first path; a second probe beam directed through the particle cloud along a second path that intersects the first path to define a Rydberg intersection; a first coupling beam that counterpropagates with respect to the first probe beam along the first path; and a second coupling beam that counterpropagates with respect to the second probe beam along the second path. A spectrum analyzer characterizes the microwave field strength at the Rydberg intersection. The laser beams can be steered to move the Rydberg intersection within the particle cloud to compile a microwave field strength distribution in the particle cloud.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a pancake-type bifilar winding module using a superconducting wire and a winding bobbin therefor.

Abstract: A superconducting magnetic coil includes a plurality of sections positioned axially along the longitudinal axis of the coil, each section being formed of an anisotropic high temperature superconductor material wound about a longitudinal axis of the coil and having an associated critical current value that is dependent on the orientation of the magnetic field of the coil. The cross section of the superconductor, or the type of superconductor material, at sections along the axial and radial axes of the coil are changed to provide an increased critical current at those regions where the magnetic field is oriented more perpendicularly to the conductor plane, to thereby increase the critical current at these regions and to maintain an overall higher critical current of the coil.

Abstract: An energy storage device comprising an array of electrical coils formed from relatively high temperature superconducting material, the coils being arranged around a common axis and carrying working currents in the same sense.

Abstract: A high temperature superconducting coil includes an oxide superconducting wire 2 wound in a coil, a container 3 for accommodating the superconducting wire 2, and a filling resin portion 4 for fixing the superconducting wire 2 in the container 3 by being injected into the container 3 and then cured.

Abstract: A tightly wound superconducting coil device includes a cooling medium vessel, a coil winding disposed in the cooling medium vessel, the coil winding including an unspliced superconducting wire and having a configuration such that a cooling medium disposed in the cooling medium vessel does not contact the unspliced superconducting wire, and an insulating member disposed between the coil winding and the cooling medium vessel, wherein a portion of the unspliced superconducting wire forming outer portions of the coil winding on two opposite sides of the coil winding has a composition which causes a stability margin of the outer portions of the coil winding to be greater than a stability margin of a remaining portion of the coil winding.

Abstract: In the case of high-temperature superconductors (6) which are used as inductive current limiters, unless any special precautionary measure is taken, there is a risk that short-circuit currents can lead to local stress centers and hot spots, and to local destruction of the high-temperature superconductor. In order to avoid this, a hollow cylinder (SL) of the high-temperature superconductor (6) is coated with a 1 .mu.m thick conductive-silver layer (E1). A second 10 .mu.m thick metal layer of foil made of silver or aluminum can be deposited thereon. In order to reduce or to avoid tensile stresses in the ceramic of the hollow cylinder (SL) made of a high-temperature superconductor, and in order to reduce the electrical contact resistance of the metal layers, this hollow cylinder (SL) has a mechanical reinforcing element (7), made of an elastic steel wire, wound around it, at room temperature, under tensile stress.

Abstract: A device having cores of metal oxide ceramic (for example, Y-Ba-Cu-O) for limiting a short circuit current in power supply systems. The concept provides that a choke core, when operated at a rated current, is superconductive and its shielding currents keep the resulting inductance in the choke at a low level. In the event of an overload, the winding of the choke generates a correspondingly high magnetic field in the core which puts the core into the normally conducting state. This causes the shielding currents to disappear in connection with a rise in the resulting inductance, thus limiting the current. In order to realize a particularly high inductance in the normally conductive case, the superconductive choke core may be made hollow and may be filled at least in part with a ferromagnetic material.

Abstract: An inductor uses high temperature superconductors in order to obtain high Q for high frequency operation. The superconductors are applied as thin films to substrates. In some embodiments, superconductor thin films are applied to opposite sides of the same substrate. Superconductive thin films are applied outside the magnetic field establishing superconductive thin films in order to shield against leakage of the magnetic field beyond the inductor. The inductor is connected to a capacitor to realize a resonant circuit used in a power conversion system.

Abstract: Superconducting detection coils for a superconducting quantum interference device are foraged on a flexible printed wiring film having a pair of opposed edges. The flexible printed wiring film is capable of being shaped into a cylinder by bringing the opposed edges toward each other. A superconducting wiring pattern is formed on the flexible printed wiring film and has at least one substantially U-shaped wiring portion. The U-shaped wiring portion forms at least two circular wiring patterns when the printed wiring film is shaped into a cylinder by bringing the opposed edges toward each other. The superconducting wiring pattern also has a first and a second electrode portion for connecting the circular wiring patterns to at least one superconducting quantum interference device. A resistor is electrically connected between the electrode portions of the superconducting wiring pattern.

Abstract: High-field magnets fabricated from high-critical-temperature superconducting ceramic (HTSC) thin films which can generate fields greater than 4 Tesla. The high-field magnets are made of stackable disk-shaped substrates coated with HTSC thin films, and involves maximizing the critical current density, superconducting film thickness, number of superconducting layers per substrate, substrate diameter, and number of substrates while minimizing substrate thickness. The HTSC thin films are deposited on one or both sides of the substrates in a spiral configuration with variable line widths to increase the field.

Abstract: A superconducting coil is disclosed. A plurality of coils made of oxide superconducting materials are formed on the respective surfaces of substrates, and the adjacent coils mounted on the substrates are connected by conductors to form one coil. Since the coil consists mainly of oxide superconductor, liquid nitrogen can be used to cool at a temperature less than Tc the coil which is energized in order to generate a magnetic field. Therefore it costs less to generate a magnetic field by the coil than by the conventional coils made of metallic superconductors. In addition, the coil is mechanically strong.

Abstract: In a superconductive coil assembly, superconductive wires are extended in a sheath tube which also defines a passage for allowing a liquid helium to pass therethrough. Sheath tube is housed in reinforcing vessel which comprises a pair of vessel segments and welded to each other. Reinforcing vessel is enclosed by a turn insulation and a earth insulation.

Abstract: A superconducting transformer comprises primary and secondary superconducting coils which are coaxial and made of superconducting wires, and a cryostat for maintaining the superconducting coils in a superconducting state. The cryostat includes a vessel for containing refrigerant and which is formed of a ferromagnetic material. The coils are immersed in the refrigerant. Rod formed of ferromagnetic materials is inserted in the primary and secondary superconducting coils, and is magnetically coupled with the vessel. The cryostat also includes a heat insulating tank for thermally insulating the rod and the vessel from the refrigerant. The rod and the vessel together form a closed magnetic circuit, and function as a core for the superconducting coils.

Abstract: A system, based on superconducting wires and elements, is used to rapidly generate magnetic field intensities at designated points. The apparatus consists of primary and secondary magnet windings, especially arranged so as to produce rapidly increasing magnetic fields. The primary magnet, located at a distance from the operating area, is charged prior to operation, thus producing a low magnetic field at the said area. Energy transfer to the secondary winding is initiated by induction from the primary winding, thus causing transfer to current to produce a high magnetic field in the said area. This system has many applications, including uses as reconnection-guns and electromagnetic launchers.

Abstract: An actively shielded, superconducting magnet of a nuclear magnetic resonance tomography apparatus has an inner coil system and an outer coil system connected in series to avoid an increase in the external field upon the quench of one of the coil systems. To avoid losing the protection of the shielding effect from external magnetic field disturbances, a superconducting current limiter having a low critical current-carrying capability is connected in the coil system to guide a difference current between the inner coil system and the outer coil system. To avoid an unwanted increase in the external field in the event of a quench of one of the coil systems, the current limiter becomes normally conductive in the presence of a current difference larger than a prescribed value.

Abstract: A superconducting energy storage device for storing electric power in superconducting magnets in the form of magnetic energy. The superconducting magnets are include a superconducting toroidal magnet and a superconducting solenoid magnet arranged to be inscribed in the inside of the superconducting toroidal magnet, the magnets being connected electrically in series to each other. Further, the superconducting magnets include a plurality of units, each of which is formed as a combination of the aforementioned toroidal and solenoid superconducting magnets, the units being piled up in the axial direction of the superconducting solenoid magnet. In the thus arranged device, electromagnetic force generated in the superconducting magnets can be supported without the necessity of firm bed rock, thereby eliminating the limitation in conditions of location of the energy storage device. Further, the plurality of energy storage units can be arranged effectively so that space can be saved.