Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for mechanical working of metal and other solid materials with a cooling and lubricating composition containing a major portion of carbon dioxide and a minor portion of a polar lubricant containing at least one polar organic compound with at least one oxygen atom. The polar groups may be selected from the group consisting of the ether, hydroxyl, carboxyl, ester and amido group or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method and device for applying a lubricant-carrier layer to the surface of a material which is to be cold-formed, in particular wire material (1) which is subsequently to be cold-drawn, the carrier layer being such that a lubricant can be applied over it. The material used to produce the layer is applied dry. A container is provided to hold a multiplicity of loose pressure-application elements plus a given quantity of the dry carrier-layer material. To produce the lubricant-carrier layer on the wire material, at least part of which is located at any given time inside the container, the pressure-application elements surrounding the wire material are caused to execute a motion such that they apply the carrier-layer material disposed between them to the surface of the wire material mechanically, the pressure-application elements making uniform contact with the surface of the wire material as they move relative to the surface.

Abstract: A parting agent capable of being applied to a die with split die members closed, and preventing the production of defective castings and the occurrence of heat shock as well as the precipitation of a solid lubricant. The parting agent is composed of a mixture of a parting component, a dispersing component for dispersing the paritng component through water, a surface active agent as a foaming agent, and water, and is foamed into a foamy state. The foamy parting agent can be applied to the die with the split die members closed. This overcomes problems caused by the scattering of the parting agent due to spraying. In addition, since the parting component is retained with a film defining foam, the separation and precipitation thereof can be prevented.

Abstract: A method and compositions for reducing friction between relatively slideable components is described comprising applying to a slideably engaging surface of the slideable components a lubricating amount of at least one Newtonian, or non-Newtonian, metal overbased salt of a carboxylic acid wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of lithium, calcium, sodium, barium, magnesium, and mixtures thereof, and the carboxylic acid comprises at least one linear unsaturated hydrocarbon group containing from about 8 to about 50 carbon atoms. The types of slideable components contemplated include flat bearings, rotating bearings, lead screws and nuts, gears, hydraulic systems, and pneumatic devices.