Abstract: This invention relates to a lubricating oil composition, comprising: (A) a base oil; and a phosphorus-containing compound represented by the formulae wherein in Formulae (B-I) and (B-II), R1, R2 and R3 are independently hydrogen or hydrocarbyl groups, and a, b and c are independently zero or 1; the lubricating oil composition being characterized by a sulfur content of about 0.01 to about 0.25% by weight.

Abstract: Lubricating oils containing an additive formulation including at least one sulphonate, saligenin and salixarate detergent provide improved wear performance and decreased sulphur and phosphorus emissions.

Abstract: A lubricating composition for internal combustion engines especially useful with fuels having less than 350 ppm sulfur comprises a lubricating oil basestock, a boron containing ashless dispersant, a molybdenum containing friction reducing agent, a metal type detergent and zinc dithiophosphate.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition comprising, as a detergent, metal salt of a long chain hydrocarbyl-substituted organic acid, at a concentration of not more than 15 mmol/kg oil.

Abstract: A low viscosity lubricating oil composition having a CCS viscosity less than 3500 mPa.s at −25° C. and having no more than 0.16 mass % of phosphorus which comprises a dispersant, and a detergent of calcium or magnesium or both; and optionally a zinc dihydrocarbyldithiophosphate, a viscosity modifier, a pour point depressant and an antioxidant. The oil satisfies the Cummins M11 cross-head wear engine test specification in a low phosphorus and low viscosity formulation.

Abstract: Soot induced kinematic viscosity increase of lubricating oil compositions for diesel engines equipped with EGR systems can be ameliorated by selection of viscosity modifier, lubricating oil flow improvers, detergents and/or dispersants.

Abstract: A modified lubricating oil detergent that is the reaction product of an oil soluble detergent comprising an alkali- or alkaline earth metal hydrocarbyl phenate, carboxylate or sulfonate and an &agr;, &bgr;-unsaturated carbonyl compound; and lubricating oil compositions containing a combination of such a modified detergent and a nitrogen-containing dispersant.

Abstract: A lubricant additive gel formed by the gellation of two or more lubricant additives for the slow release of the additive components into a fluid. The lubricant additive gel slowly releases into its component lubricant additives when contacted with the fluid such as an oil thereby serving as a lubricant fluid such as an oil thereby.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition suitable for a trunk piston marine diesel engine. The lubricating oil composition comprises an admixture of: (A) an oil of lubricating viscosity, in a major amount; and (B) an oil-soluble complex overbased metal detergent additive, in a minor amount. The composition is substantially dispersant-free or contains 1, or less than 1, preferably less than 0.5, mass % based on the mass of the compositions, of a dispersant. The composition has a TBN in the range of 3.5 to 100, preferably 8 to 100.

Abstract: A lubricant additive composition comprising (a) a carboxylated detergent-dispersant obtained by (i) neutralizing alkylphenols using an alkaline earth base in the presence of at least one carboxylic acid that contains from one to four carbon atoms but in the absence of alkali base, dialcohol, and monoalcohol, forming an intermediate product, then (ii) carboxylating the intermediate product using carbon dioxide so that at least 20 mole percent of the original alkylphenol starting material has been converted to single aromatic-ring hydrocarbyl salicylate; and (b) an overbased, non-sulfonate-containing detergent such as, for instance, a hydrocarbyl phenate-carboxylate; a medium overbased salicylate having a total base number of about 50 to 170; a high overbased salicylate having a total base number greater than 170; or an overbased sulfurized hydrocarbyl phenate of alkaline earth metals; and combinations and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A lubricant containing (a) a synthetic base oil composition having an overall kinematic viscosity of at least about 4.8×10−6m2/s (4.8 cSt) at 100° C. and a viscosity index of at least about 110; (b) a dispersant-viscosity modifier; and (c) a sulfur-free functionalized hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol detergent provides improved valve train wear, with longer drain intervals, to heavy duty diesel engines.

Abstract: A lubricating composition for internal combustion engines especially useful with fuels having less than 350 ppm sulfur comprises a lubricating oil basestock, a boron containing ashless dispersant, a molybdenum containing friction reducing agent, a metal type detergent and zinc dithiophosphate.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition which comprises a lubricating base oil and a sulfonate, phenate or salicylate of an alkaline earth metal and has a friction coefficient between metals of 0.12 or higher at −20° C. as measured in accordance with a block-on-disk test. The friction coefficient between metals in the use of a metal belt can be kept high within a wide range of temperature from low temperatures to high temperatures. In particular, the lubricating oil exhibits a high performance of &mgr;=0.12 or higher at a low temperature of −20° C. in accordance with a block-on-disk test.

Abstract: An oil composition for heat treatment of a gear which comprises mineral oil having a kinematic viscosity of 5 to 40 mm2/second at 100° C. as a base oil and, based on a total amount of the composition, 0.01 to 5% by weight of (a) a phosphoric acid ester compound and, where necessary, 0.5 to 10% by weight of (b) one compound selected from alkenylsuccinimide compounds, alkylsuccinimide compounds and addition products of boron with alkenylsuccinimide compounds or alkylsuccinimide compounds and 0.5 to 10% by weight of (c) at least one compound selected from salicylates, phenates and sulfonates of alkaline earth metals.

Abstract: A synthetic lubricant for gasoline and diesel engines having a viscosity ranging between about 14.5 and 16.5 cs at 100° C., the lubricant containing from about 55 to about 75 volume percent polyalphaolefin having a viscosity of about 6 to 8 cs at 100° C., an ethylene-propylene copolymer, an ester or diester, a packaged additive, a total base number enhancer and a minor effective amount of an antifoamant. A method of use is also provided whereby the subject lubricant is recirculated through an operating engine while periodically monitoring the total base number and adjusting the total base number to a level of about 12.0 by the addition of a total base number enhancer such as calcium phenate.

Abstract: Lubricant compositions comprise a lubricant base oil, and (A) a mono substituted amide type bissuccinimide in an amount from 0.5 to 20 percent by mass, (B) zinc dithiophosphate in an amount from 0.05 to 0.3 percent by mass of phosphorus, and (C) a metal-based detergent in an amount form 0.5 to 4.0 percent by mass of sulfated ash, based on the total mass of the composition. Lubricant compositions preferably further comprises (D) a dispersant type viscosity index improver in an amount from 0.1 to 20 percent by mass, based on the total mass of the composition.

Abstract: An overbased metal detergent having friction-modifying properties comprises colloidal inorganic base particles stably dispersed in an oil of lubricating viscosity. The colloidal particles constitute from 15 to 40 mass % of the detergent, and a stabilizing system constitutes from 20 to 45 mass % thereof, the balance being the oil of lubricating viscosity. The stabilizing system is the mixture obtained by combining an oil-soluble detergent component and from 25 to 75 mass % of an aliphatic amide having from 10 to 30 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An oil composition for heat treatment of a gear which comprises mineral oil having a kinematic viscosity of 5 to 40 mm2/second at 100° C. as a base oil and, based on a total amount of the composition, 0.01 to 5% by weight of (a) a phosphoric acid ester compound and, where necessary, 0.5 to 10% by weight of (b) one compound selected from alkenylsuccinimide compounds, alkylsuccinimide compounds and addition products of boron with alkenylsuccinimide compounds or alkylsuccinimide compounds and 0.5 to 10% by weight of (c) at least one compound selected from salicylates, phenates and sulfonates of alkaline earth metals.

Abstract: The use, in a minor amount, of a detergent composition comprising one or more metal detergents which comprises metal salts of organic acids, wherein the detergent composition comprises more than 50 mole %, based on the moles of the metal salts of organic acids in the detergent composition, of:

Abstract: A composition of an antioxidant of the formula where R3 is an alkyl group of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and a dispersant or a detergent, is a useful additive package for lubricant compositions.

Abstract: A gas engine lubricating oil composition that is substantially free from dispersant. The gas engine lubricating oil composition has a TBN in the range of 3.5 to 20. The gas engine lubricating oil composition comprises an oil of lubricating viscosity and at least one metal detergent.

Abstract: Oil-soluble overbased salicylate-phenate detergent additives comprising a complex in which the basic material of the detergent is stabilized by both salicylate and phenate surfactants. The mass % of the salicylate, as a percentage of the total surfactant mass, is at least 50, preferably greater than 50, provided that, when said mass % is less than 60, the TBN: mass % surfactant ratio of the detergent is 10 or less.

Abstract: A lubricant containing (a) a synthetic base oil composition having an overall kinematic viscosity of at least about 4.8×10−6 m2/s (4.8 cSt) at 100° C. and a viscosity index of at least about 110; (b) a dispersant-viscosity modifier; and (c) a sulfur-free functionalized hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol detergent provides improved valve train wear, with longer drain intervals, to heavy duty diesel engines.

Abstract: Automatic transmission fluids are described which contain at least 0.2 wt % of a metal-containing detergent, a dispersant, and a mixture of friction modifiers. The transmission fluids according to the present invention exhibit excellent initial anti shudder properties, excellent anti-shudder durability, and excellent friction durability.

Abstract: There is disclosed a low smoke two cycle oil comprising a solvent and 5-20% by weight polyisobutylene which has a KV of at least 6.5 mm2/s at 100° C. and a JASO M342 Smoke Index of at least 85.

Abstract: A heavy duty diesel engine lubricating oil composition having no more than 0.10 wt. % phosphorus comprises an ashless dispersant, a neutral calcium phenate, an overbased calcium or magnesium sulfonate, a metal dihydrocarbyldithiophosphate, and a phenolic or aminic antioxidant.

Abstract: A low viscosity lubricating oil composition having a CCS viscosity less than 3500 mPa.s at −25° C. and having no more than 0.16 mass % of phosphorus which comprises a dispersant, and a detergent of calcium or magnesium or both; and optionally a zinc dihydrocarbyldithiophosphate, a viscosity modifier, a pour point depressant and an antioxidant. The oil satisfies the Cummins M11 cross-head wear engine test specification in a low phosphorus and low viscosity formulation.

Abstract: A lube oil composition which is suitably used for diesel engines which exhaust large amounts of sulfur dioxides (Sox). The composition exhibit excellent corrosion/wear preventive properties against SOx. The lube oil composition of the invention for diesel engines includes a lube oil base having a kinematic viscosity of 8-35 mm2/s at 100° C.; a component (A) which is a compound selected from the group consisting of over based sulfonates of alkaline earth metals, over based phenates of alkaline earth metals, and over based salicylates of alkaline earth metals; and a component (B) which is a bis-type succinic imide compound having an absorption ratio, &agr;/&bgr; (wherein &agr; is the intensity of an absorption peak at 1550±10 cm−1 and &bgr; is the intensity of an absorption peak at 1700±10 cm−1), of absorption peaks in an IR spectrum of not more than 0.005.

Abstract: A composition of an antioxidant of the formula 1

Abstract: A lubricant containing (a) a synthetic base oil composition having an overall kinematic viscosity of at least about 4.8×10−6 m2/s (4.8 cSt) at 100° C. and a viscosity index of at least about 110; (b) a dispersant-viscosity modifier; and (c) a sulfur-free functionalized hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol detergent provides improved valve train wear, with longer drain intervals, to heavy duty diesel engines.

Abstract: A saligenin derivative such as the magnesium salt represented by the formula is useful as an additive for a lubricating composition. Preferably X is —CHO or —CH2OH, and Y is —CH2— or —CH2OCH2—. R1 is a hydrocarbyl group containing 1 to 60 carbon atoms and m is 0 to 10. At least one aromatic ring should contain an R1 substituent and the total number of carbon atoms in all R1 groups should be at least 7.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition having an excellent sludge formation inhibiting effect and being suitable for use as an engine oil is provided. The lubricating oil composition includes: a lubricating base oil, (A) 0.5 to 20% by mass of acylated bissuccinimide, (B) 0.05 to 0.3% by mass of zinc dithiophosphate in terms of the phosphorus content, and (C) 0.5 to 4.0% by mass of metallic detergent in terms of the sulfated ash content, based on the total mass of the composition.

Abstract: A marine diesel engine lubricant composition having a TBN of at least 10 and preferably a VI of at least 90, comprises a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity, and admixed therewith, minor amounts of an ashless antiwear additive and a metal detergent in the form of (i) an overbased metal detergent having a TBN at least 300, preferably at least 330, more preferably at least 400, and comprising a surfactant system derived from at least two surfactants, and/or (ii) a metal detergent other than (i); provided that, if detergent (ii) is present, the composition does not contain a minor amount of an extreme pressure additive, being up to 5.0 mass % based on the total mass of the composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composition comprising at least one sulphur-containing calixarene represented by formula (I) or a metal salt of said calixarene, wherein in formula (I): Y is a divalent bridging group, at least one of said bridging groups being a sulphur atom; R3 is hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl or a hetero-substituted hydrocarbyl group; either R1 is hydroxyl and R2 and R4 are independently either hydrogen, hydrocarbyl or hetero-substituted hydrocarbyl, or R2 and R4 are hydroxyl and R1 is either hydrogen, hydrocarbyl or hetero-substituted hydrocarbyl; and n is a number having a value of at least 4. In one embodiment, the foregoing salt is an overbased salt. The invention also relates to additive compositions and finished lubricating oil compositions containing the foregoing overbased salt. The invention also relates to a process for making the foregoing overbased salt.

Abstract: An unsulfurized, alkali metal-free, detergent-dispersant composition having from 40% to 60% alkylphenol, from 10% to 40% alkaline earth alkylphenate, and from 20% to 40% alkaline earth single aromatic-ring alkylsalicylate. This composition may have an alkaline earth double aromatic-ring alkylsalicylate as long as the mole ratio of single-ring alkylsalicylate to double aromatic-ring alkylsalicylate is at least 8:1. This composition may be produced by the three-step process involving neutralization of alkylphenols, carboxylation of the resulting alkylphenate, and filtration of the product of the carboxylation step.

Abstract: A marine diesel engine lubricant composition having a TBN of at least 10 and preferably a VI of at least 90, comprises a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity, and admixed therewith, minor amounts of an ashless antiwear additive and a metal detergent in the form of

Abstract: Non-thixotropic, sodium-free lubricant additive having from 10% to 50% of a liquid organic diluent and from 30% to 90% of a substituted hydrocarbaryl metal salt. At least 30 mole percent of the metal in the metal salt is lithium, and the salt is essentially free of sodium. The BN of the non-thixotropic lubricant additive attributable to the lithium is less than 150. This additive is useful for decreasing black sludge deposits and piston deposits.

Abstract: There are disclosed fuel compositions containing an additive formed by admixture of (i) at least one ethylene polymer, (ii) the product of the condensation reaction between an aldehyde or ketone or reactive equivalent thereof and at least one compound comprising one or more aromatic moieties having at least one substituent of the formula XR1 and one further substituent R2 wherein X is oxygen of sulfur, R1 is hydrogen or a moiety bearing at least one hydrocarbyl group and R2 represents a hydrocarbyl group and (iii) at least one oil soluble polar nitrogen compound different from the condensation product and having one or more substituents of the formula NR13 where R13 represents a hydrocarbyl group containing 8 to 40 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A long life lubricating oil as evidenced by a reduction in viscosity increase, oxidation and nitration, comprises a major amount of a base oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount of a mixture of high TBN, medium TBN and low/neutral TBN detergents wherein metal salicylate detergent is at least one of the medium or low/neutral TBN detergents.

Abstract: A low overbased alkyl phenyl sulfonate prepared by the neutralization of sulfonic acid with a sulfurized high TBN calcium alkylphenate in the absence of chloride and in the absence of additional carboxylic acid.

Abstract: Disclosed is a diesel engine oil composition containing a lube oil base and one or more metallic detergent-dispersants selected from among a perbasic alkaline earth metal sulfonate, phenolate, and salicylate. The total phosphorus content of the composition is suppressed to 100 ppm by weight or less, to thereby provide diesel engine oil compositions having excellent oxidation stability and wear resistance.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel succinimide compounds effective in diesel engine lubricating oil for protecting engine parts from being corroded or worn by SOx. An acid compound of formula (I) or (II) is reacted with a polyamine to produce the succinimide compounds, which give an absorption peak (.alpha.-peak) at 1640.+-.cm.sup.-1 and an absorption peak (.beta.-peak) at 1700.+-.10 cm.sup.-1 in the IR spectral pattern with the ratio, .alpha.-peak intensity/.beta.-peak intensity, of being 0.12 or more.[1] ##STR1## R is an alkenyl or alkyl group derived from a C2 to C15 olefinic polymer and having a number-average molecular weight of from 200 to 4000. The succinimide compound is added to base oil along with a metallic detergent-dispersant additives selected from over-based sulfonates, phenates and salicylates of alkaline earth metals to give a lubricating oil composition for diesel engines.

Abstract: An engine oil contains a lubricating oil and an overbased calcium sulfonate having a dispersion of calcite-core micelles, which engine oil has commercial haze free properties, namely a Hazitron test value of less than about 30 and more particularly less than about 15 to 10, and commercial anti-wear properties, namely exhibiting a 4-Ball wear test scar diameter of less than 0.4 mm. The detergent has a TBN of from 100 to 400 and yet a viscosity of no more than 100,000 cps at 25.degree. C. and usually 20,000 to 30,000 cps at 25.degree. C. The overbased calcium sulfonate detergent provides a stable dispersion of calcite-core sulfonate micelles in the oil. The calcite overbased sulfonate is substantially free of amorphous, vaterite and aragonite forms of the calcium carbonate. The method of producing the improved calcite-core dispersion overbased calcium sulfonate provides for reacting an overbased amorphous calcium sulfonate having a TBN of about 400 or more with a C.sub.1 to C.sub.

Abstract: An improved polybutene-free lubricant composition for marine diesel engines, comprising a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity and, provided by admixing therewith, minor amounts of a) at least one of a borated dispersant or oil-soluble or oil-dispersible boron compound; and b) one or more overbased metal compounds the or each compound having a TBN of at least 300, with the proviso that if an overbased metal salicylate is present then the TBN of said salicylate is at least 200; wherein the TBN of the composition is at least 10 and the viscosity index of the composition is at least 90.

Abstract: A detergent concentrate composition suitable for incorporation into a finished lubricating oil comprises:(A) an additive concentrate comprising:(a) a lubricating oil, and(b) a lubricating oil soluble sulphurised or non-sulphurised alkaline earth metal hydrocarbyl phenate modified by reaction to incorporate from greater than 2 to less than 40% by weight based on the weight of the concentrate (A) of either (i) at least one carboxylic acid having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a C.sub.10 to C.sub.24 alkyl or alkenyl group and R.sup.1 is either hydrogen, a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group or a --CH.sub.2 -COOH group, or an anhydride or ester thereof, or (ii) a di- or polycarboxylic acid containing from 36 to 100 carbon atoms or an anhydride or ester thereof, the concentrate having a BN greater than 300 and a viscosity at 100.degree. C.

Abstract: A low-viscosity overbased hydrocarbyl phenate-carboxylate is produced by contacting a mixture of a hydrocarbyl phenate, at least one solvent, metal hydroxide, aqueous metal chloride, and an alkyl polyhydric alcohol containing from one to five carbon atoms with carbon dioxide under overbasing reaction conditions. The hydrocarbyl phenate is treated with a long-chain carboxylic acid, anhydride or salt thereof to form the hydrocarbyl phenate-carboxylate before, during, or subsequent to overbasing. The hydrocarbyl phenate can be sulfurized or unsulfurized.

Abstract: A lubricant composition for continuous variable transmissions which comprises a base oil and auxiliaries incorporated therein which are a sulfur-based extreme pressure additive (A), a phosphorus-based extreme pressure additive (B), and an alkaline earth metal-based detergent (C) It is superior in wear resistance and extreme pressure properties and keeps the coefficient of friction high for a long period of time, so that it is capable of transmitting a large capacity of torque when it is applied to an continuous variable transmission. It is particularly suitable for a transmission of metal belt type.

Abstract: Thus, the instant invention is directed toward an oil for diesel engines comprising an admixture of (A) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, (B) at least 4 mass % dispersant, (C) at least 0.3 mass % of a metal phenate, (D) less than 0.1 mass % friction modifier, (E) less than 0.3 mass % of sulfurized phenols and, (F) less than 0.12 mass % neutral calcium sulfonate.

Abstract: A detergent concentrate composition suitable for incorporation into a finished lubricating oil comprises:(A) an additive concentrate comprising:(a) a lubricating oil, and(b) a lubricating oil soluble sulphurized or non-sulphurized alkaline earth metal hydrocarbyl phenate modified by reaction to incorporate from greater than 2 to less than 40% by weight based on the weight of the concentrate (A) of either (i) at least one carboxylic acid having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a C.sub.10 to C.sub.24 alkyl or alkenyl group and R.sup.1 is either hydrogen, a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group or a --CH.sub.2 --COOH group, or an anhydride or ester thereof, or (ii) a di- or polycarboxylic acid containing from 36 to 100 carbon atoms or an anhydride or ester thereof, the concentrate having a BN greater than 300 and a viscosity at 100.degree. C.

Abstract: A grease composition for constant velocity joints which consists essentially of: (a) a base oil; (b) an urea thickener; (c) molybdenum disulfide; and (d) a metal salt or an overbasic metal salt selected from the group consisting of metal salts or overbasic metal salts of oxidized waxes, petroleum sulfonates, alkyl aryl sulfonates, salicylate, and phenates. In addition to (a) to (d), it may further contain, (e) an extreme pressure agent selected from the group consisting of a metal-free sulfur-phosphorus extreme pressure agent and molybdenum dithiophosphate, or (f) molybdenum dithiocarbamate. The grease composition exhibits excellent wear-resistance and pitting-inhibitory effect.