Abstract: A customized cleansing article provides the user with an assortment of one or more of skin cleansing, aesthetic, and skin benefit bars contained within a porous pouch. The toilet bars are characterized by a rigidity index greater than 0.2 Mpa at 25 C.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 26, 2002
Date of Patent:
June 7, 2005
Assignee:
Unilever Home & Personal Care USA division of Conopco, Inc.
Abstract: A translucent or transparent composition comprising a. about 3 to about 40 wt. % soap, b. about 4 to about 40 wt. % of at least one synthetic surfactant, c. about 14 to about 45 wt. % water, d. from 0 to about 3 wt. % lower monohydric alcohol, e. about 5 to about 60 wt. % of a humectant, f. from 0 to about 5 wt. % of a structurant, g. from 0 to about 10 wt. % of a gellant with the proviso that the structurant and gellant are not 0 at the same time.
Abstract: This invention relates to a hair conditioner composition in solid form comprising at least 5 wt % cationic surfactant and at least 5 wt % fatty alcohol material, wherein the composition contains less than 80 wt % water.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 18, 2002
Date of Patent:
December 14, 2004
Assignee:
Unilever Home & Personal Care USA, division of Conopco,
Inc.
Inventors:
Peter Simon Carew, Reginald Manley, Stephen Lee Wire
Abstract: Soap bars (10) that are not of essentially a square or rectangular shape, but of a generally rectangular shape, can be packaged using a single plastic film wrapper (40). This plastic film (40) preferably is biaxially oriented polypropylene of from about 60 micron to about 180 microns. It can be a monolayer or a multilayer laminated. However, any plastic film having a Faber stiffness of more than about 5 and preferably about 7 to 20 can be used. The soap bar (10) in order to facilitate making an effective longitudinal seal on the bottom of the soap bar package should have a planar surface adjacent to the position of the overlapping longitudinal edges of the wrapping film (40). This provides a surface for the sealing plate LO seal the longitudinal edges against.
Abstract: The invention relates to a cleansing composition product having at least one acid phase and at least one soap phase that are separated. The inventive composition is contained in a partitioned container in one embodiment and a partitionless container in another embodiment. This multiphase composition is stable upon storage and in a further embodiment is dispensed as a striped product where typically lather is reduced upon blending and a fatty acid is deposited onto the skin.
Abstract: Soap bars that are not of essentially a square or rectangular shape, but of a generally rectangular shape, can be packaged using a single plastic film wrapper. This plastic film preferably is biaxially oriented polypropylene of from about 60 micron to about 180 microns. It can be a monolayer or a multilayer laminated. However, any plastic film having a Taber stiffness of more than about 5 and preferable about 7 to 20 can be used. In order to assist in making folds to form the end walls, the film material can be weakened by being thinned, perforated or slit at the fold points or lines. In addition, in order to make the longitudinal sealin the package bottom surface the seal plate can be of a shape that is complimentary to the shape of the bottom surface of the soap bar.
Type:
Application
Filed:
July 26, 2004
Publication date:
December 9, 2004
Inventors:
Alan Nimmey, Todd VanGordon, Steve Johnson, Randy Kliment
Abstract: The present invention relates to cleansing bars including: a) a cleansing composition; and b) a plurality of discrete elements having a length to diameter ratio of from about 50 to 1 to about 100,000 to 1. The cleansing bars according to the invention have good grippability, exfoliating and cleansing properties and are capable of providing a significant amount of lather in a relatively short period of time. The invention also relates to methods of making and using the cleansing bar described above.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 14, 2002
Date of Patent:
November 16, 2004
Assignee:
Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc.
Inventors:
Margaret Aleles, David Burwell, Raymond Ip
Abstract: A soap system for efficiently cleaning a hunter and covering their human scent with an earthy scent. The soap system includes heating a volume of soap to a melting point and then mixing a dirt scent into the melted soap. The mixture is then poured into a mold, hardened, removed and then cut into a plurality of bar members. The bar members are then wrapped with an inner covering and an outer covering. The inner covering is preferably comprised of a non-permeable material. The outer covering is preferably comprised of a camouflage material and design.
Abstract: Mild toilet bar compositions are described that contain harsh to the skin cleansing components, such as soap, and a latent acidifier. The latent acidifier reduces the pH of the toilet bar when used for cleansing but does not substantially affect the hardness of the toilet bar. Lather, drag properties, and deposition of benefit agents are substantially improved.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
March 13, 2003
Date of Patent:
October 26, 2004
Assignee:
Unilever Home & Personal Care USA, division of Conopco,
Inc.
Inventors:
Sudhakar Puvvada, Thomas Nikolaos Morikis, Richard Loren Mc Manus
Abstract: The present invention relates to cleansing bars including: a) a cleansing composition; and b) a plurality of discrete elements having a length to diameter ratio of from about 50 to 1 to about 100,000 to 1. The cleansing bars according to the invention have good grippability, exfoliating and cleansing properties and are capable of providing a significant amount of lather in a relatively short period of time. The invention also relates to methods of making and using the cleansing bar described above.
Type:
Application
Filed:
April 28, 2004
Publication date:
October 14, 2004
Inventors:
Margaret Aleles, David Burwell, Raymond Ip
Abstract: A detergent bar is made by (1) applying pressure to a detergent composition to deliver it to a substantially closed mold at a temperature less than 70° C.; (2) ensuring the pressure on the composition at point of entry is greater than 29.4 psi under the action of an injector head for at least part of the time over which the composition enters the mold; (3) cooling in the mold to form bar; and (4) removing.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 28, 2001
Date of Patent:
October 5, 2004
Assignee:
Lever Brothers Company, division of Conopco, Inc.
Inventors:
Peter Stewart Allan, John Martin Cordell, Graeme Neil Irving, Suresh Murigeppa Nadakatti, Vijay Mukund Naik, Christine Ann Overton, Frederick Edmund Stocker, Karnik Tarverdi, John Colin Wahlers
Abstract: A soap bar that exhibits antibacterial effectiveness includes, by weight, at least about 45% soap having alkyl chain lengths of 8-10 carbon atoms, water, and free fatty acid such that the pH of a 10% aqueous solution of the soap bar is no greater than about 9.5.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 20, 2002
Date of Patent:
September 21, 2004
Assignee:
The Dial Corporation
Inventors:
Timothy Taylor, Ricardo Diez, Michael Slayton
Abstract: The invention is a solid chemical concentrate system of at least two cooperative shapes. The first shape is an inwardly curved bar having an inner opening. The second shape is an insert which is capable of interlocking with the bar by insertion into the bar inner opening. The solid chemical concentrate provides chemical systems having active constituents which may be the same, different but compatible or functionally and chemically incompatible combined within one matrix to provide at least one substantially continuous surface. The system may also comprise an aqueous soluble or dispersible polymeric film cover.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 13, 2002
Date of Patent:
September 14, 2004
Assignee:
Ecolab Inc.
Inventors:
Elizabeth J. Gladfelter, Tina O. Outlaw, James L. Copeland, Rhonda K. Schulz, Daniel K. Boche, Jeff W. Peterson
Abstract: In a method of producing aerated soap (5) comprising solidifying molten soap (4) having a large number of bubbles dispersed therein in a cavity (11) of a mold (1), the cavity (11) having a prescribed shape, 1.05 or more time as much molten soap (4) as the volume of the aerated soap (5) is fed to the cavity (11) and solidified in a compressed state.
Abstract: Aerated, ultra low-density cast-dehydrated syndet detergent bars for use in personal wash, fabric wash and hard surface cleaning. A process for preparing aerated, ultra low-density cast-dehydrated detergent bars wherein the air is entrained in the bars after rigidification and shaping the product is also provided.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 9, 2002
Date of Patent:
August 3, 2004
Assignee:
Unilever Home & Personal Care USA, a division of Conopco,
Inc.
Inventors:
Hari Koduvely, Suresh Murigeppa Nadakatti, Vijay Mukund Naik, Prassana Pathak, Shiju Thomas
Abstract: A twofold cleansing method for treating an oleaginous skin condition, which comprises of a dual action system, that when used simultaneously provides essential cleansing benefits for the epidermis. Although this process involves exact amounts of fats, oils, sodium hydroxide, essential oils, grains, vitamins, water, and plant extracts, other ingredients can be added to increase the effectiveness of this process. As well as fragrances may be added to make the scent more pleasant.
Abstract: Agents are used as cleaning agents and also as agents to purify the water in water treatment plants. The agents are a mixture of phosphates and fatty acid salts. Precipitation agents are used such as, polyvalent metals. The pH is adjusted. Flocking agents can be used to increase the rate of separation. The purified water is removed after precipitation.
Abstract: Mild toilet bar compositions are described that contain synthetic surfactants, moisturizers and exfoliant particles where 25% or more of the particles have a major axis length of between 100 and 600 microns. The combination of the mild surfactants, moisturizers, and exfoliants provide the user with simultaneous moisturization and exfoliation.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 24, 2003
Date of Patent:
July 20, 2004
Assignee:
Unilever Home & Personal Care USA, divsion of Conopco,
Inc.
Inventors:
Sudhakar Puvvada, Albert Joseph Post, Krishna Kumar Subramanyan, Anthony William Johnson, Craig Stephen Slavtcheff, Adolf Peter Barth, Petra Meinschien
Abstract: A detergent or cleaner shaped body having a viscoelastic phase. The viscoelastic phase contains, based on its weight, 40 to 85% by weight of one or more alkylbenzenesulfonates and has a storage modulus of between 40,000 and 800,000 Pa.
Type:
Application
Filed:
October 27, 2003
Publication date:
July 1, 2004
Inventors:
Birgit Burg, Dieter Legel, Gerhard Blasey, Berthold Schreck, Peter Schmiedel
Abstract: A bar element intended for personal washing use only once or a few times, after which minimal soap remains on the element. The soap bar element includes an inexpensive, preferably inert, core supporting a relatively thin shell of soap. The core may be formed of any convenient material, such as rigid or foam polyurethane or polystyrene, or of water-soluble or biodegradable material such as oxycellulose polymers. The soap may be any solid soap material. The core may extend through one or more surfaces of the soap shell. The core comprises at least about 25%, and preferably greater than about 80%, by volume of the bar element.
Abstract: A soap system for efficiently cleaning a hunter and covering their human scent with an earthy scent. The soap system includes heating a volume of soap to a melting point and then mixing a dirt scent into the melted soap. The mixture is then poured into a mold, hardened, removed and then cut into a plurality of bar members. The bar members are then wrapped with an inner covering and an outer covering. The inner covering is preferably comprised of a non-permeable material. The outer covering is preferably comprised of a camouflage material and design.
Abstract: A soap that contains glacier silt that is harvested in its natural form from areas previously occupied by glaciers. Glacial silt is one of the finest materials known. This silt is as fine or finer than talcum powder. The silt is heated to 400 degrees, sifted for a uniform consistency, and blended into cleaning compositions (soaps) used for human skin. Applied to human skin, the composition acts as mild pumice. Glacier silt is distinctive from other abrasives or pumices because the silt, in its natural form, is made up of very fine particles and is essentially undetectable when being used.
Abstract: A transparent soap bar comprising:
(iii) from 30 to 60% by weight of the soap bar of total fatty matter wherein from 1 to 15% by weight is the salt of 12-hydroxystearic acid or a precursor thereof;
(iv) from 20 to 50% by weight of the soap bar of at least one polyhydric alcohol; and
(iii) water.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 17, 2002
Date of Patent:
May 4, 2004
Assignee:
Unilever Home & Personal Care USA Division of Conopco,
Inc.
Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for making a multiphase personal wash bar having artisan crafted appearance. The bars are made by combining the second solid mass phase to a first continuous phase wherein the hardness of the second phase is at least twice the hardness of noodles forming the continuous phase.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 10, 2003
Date of Patent:
May 4, 2004
Assignee:
Unilever Home & Personal Care USA, a division of Conopco,
Inc.
Inventors:
Michael Paul Aronson, Badreddine Ahtchi-Ali, Sergio Roberto Leopoldino, Gregory Jay Mc Fann, Mariangela Gomes de Oliveira Sichmann
Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of cleansing and moisturizing skin using multiphase extruded soap bar achieving hardness of a discontinuous phase is at least two times the hardness of a continuous phase in which it is found.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 10, 2003
Date of Patent:
April 27, 2004
Assignee:
Unilever Home & Personal Care USA, division of Conopco,
Inc.
Inventors:
Michael Paul Aronson, Badreddine Ahtchi-Ali, Sergio Roberto Leopoldino, Gregory Jay McFann, Mariangela Gomes De Oliveira Sichmann
Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for making a multiphase personal wash bar having artisan crafted appearance. The bars are made by combining the second solid mass phase to a first continuous phase wherein the hardness of the second phase is at least twice the hardness of noodles forming the continuous phase.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 10, 2003
Date of Patent:
April 20, 2004
Assignee:
Unilever Home & Personal Care USA, division of Conopco,
Inc.
Inventors:
Michael Paul Aronson, Badreddine Ahtchi-Ali, Sergio Roberto Leopoldino, Gregory Jay Mc Fann, Mariangela Gomes De Oliveira Sichmann
Abstract: A soap assembly comprising a transparent soap, an embedded toy, figurine or the like, and an embedded image layer. The soap assembly could also comprise a transparent soap with an embedded dissolvable image layer. The dissolvable image layer could be a liquid such that the toy, figurine or the like is floating within the image layer.
Abstract: Mild toilet bar compositions are described that contain synthetic surfactants, moisturizers and exfoliant particles where 25% or more of the particles have a major axis length of between 100 and 600 microns. The combination of the mild surfactants, moisturizers, and exfoliants provide the user with simultaneous moisturization and exfoliation.
Type:
Application
Filed:
September 24, 2003
Publication date:
March 25, 2004
Applicant:
Unilever Home and Personal Care USA, Division of Conopco, Inc.
Inventors:
Sudhakar Puvvada, Albert Joseph Post, Krishna Kumar Subramanyan, Anthony William Johnson, Craig Stephen Slavtcheff, Adolf Peter Barth, Petra Meinschien
Abstract: A soap bar composition includes a soap mixture, a polyalkylene glycol, at least one of glycerin and sorbitol, water; and optionally, free fatty acid. The soap bar composition exhibits translucent properties.
Abstract: The present invention is directed to a personal cleansing product which can be sized as a single use personal cleansing product. The cleansing product is an extruded foam product which can disintegrate upon contact with water when used in the standard fashion to wash. As the foam disintegrates, the cleansing agent held in the foam matrix is released. The disintegration of the product can take place slowly, over a period of time such that when an individually sized cleanser is used to scrub until it completely disintegrates, scrubbing duration is long enough to ensure desired levels of cleanliness have been attained. Alternatively, the product can disintegrate immediately, and release all of the soap at essentially one time. The product is an extruded foam expanded from a mixture of a natural starch, a nucleating agent, a water soluble disintegrant, a blowing agent, a water soluble polymer, and a soap base.
Type:
Application
Filed:
September 5, 2002
Publication date:
March 11, 2004
Applicant:
Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc.
Inventors:
Brendon F. Ribble, Sarah L. Christoffel, Catherine M. Hancock-Cooke, Robert C. Hochholzer, John E. Kerins, Michael J. Nelson, Timothy J. Probst, Joseph R. Riegert, Marci E. Sojka, Emil Stavinoha, Vickie M. Thomack
Abstract: A solid translucent or transparent soap composition comprising a cleansing effective amount of soap and an antidiscoloration effective amount of the benzotriazole 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-6-dodecl-4-methylphenol.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 25, 2001
Date of Patent:
February 24, 2004
Assignee:
Colgate-Palmolive Company
Inventors:
Aberdeen Allen, Jr., Enrique Joel Valencia Garcia
Abstract: The present invention relates to cleansing bars including: a) a cleansing composition; and b) a plurality of discrete elements having a length to diameter ratio of from about 50 to 1 to about 100,000 to 1. The cleansing bars according to the invention have good grippability, exfoliating and cleansing properties and are capable of providing a significant amount of lather in a relatively short period of time. The invention also relates to methods of making and using the cleansing bar described above.
Type:
Application
Filed:
August 14, 2002
Publication date:
February 19, 2004
Inventors:
Margaret Aleles, David Burwell, Raymond Ip
Abstract: A toilet bar composition is described that contains an amido tertiary amine, amido amine salt, or amido ammonium skin conditioning agent in an amount effective to enhance skin feel and the deposition of hydrophobic emollients without having a deleterious effect on lathering speed, sand, and slip properties.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 15, 2001
Date of Patent:
February 17, 2004
Assignee:
Unilever Home & Personal Care USA, division of Conopco,
Inc.
Abstract: A low water content cleansing composition in toilet bar form is described which includes high levels of emollients having a melting point below 25 C., 12-hydroxystearic acid as a structuring agent, and at least one detersive surfactant. Useful emollients that are liquid at room temperature may include triglycerides, petroleum oil, polyhydric alcohols and silicone oil, and are present in a concentration range of 5 to 60 wt. %. The inventive toilet bars have excellent mush and wear properties.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 3, 2001
Date of Patent:
January 20, 2004
Assignee:
Unilever Home & Personal Care USA a division of Conopco,
Inc.
Abstract: Multiphase soaps in which the individual phases are highly visible when viewed from above and from the side have high stability. Their use permits various scent experiences to be achieved during the washing operation.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 6, 2002
Date of Patent:
January 6, 2004
Assignee:
Symrise GmbH & Co. KG
Inventors:
Steffen Sonnenberg, Marcus Ohrmann, Theodor Schmidt, Rolf-Günter Schmidt
Abstract: Mild toilet bar compositions are described that contain synthetic surfactants, moisturizers and exfoliant particles where 25% or more of the particles have a major axis length of between 100 and 600 microns. The combination of the mild surfactants, moisturizers, and exfoliants provide the user with simultaneous moisturization and exfoliation.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 18, 2002
Date of Patent:
December 16, 2003
Assignee:
Unilever Home & Personal Care, USA division of Conopco,
Inc.
Inventors:
Sudhakar Puvvada, Albert Joseph Post, Krishna Kumar Subramanyan, Anthony William Johnson, Craig Stephen Slavtcheff, Adolf Peter Barth, Petra Meinschien
Abstract: A single-dose quick dissolving cleansing agent, also with preventing and treating activity for disorders and diseases in human beings and animals, wherein the agent comprises a surfactant, a first and second disintegrating agents combined for causing a sudden disintegration and dissolution of the agent upon contacting the agent with a liquid medium, an agglutinating agent, a phyto-therapeutic extract providing the preventing and treating activity, and bactericide, essences and colorants.
Abstract: Mild toilet bar compositions are described that contain harsh to the skin cleansing components, such as soap, and a latent acidifier. The latent acidifier reduces the pH of the toilet bar when used for cleansing but does not substantially affect the hardness of the toilet bar.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 28, 2001
Date of Patent:
December 9, 2003
Assignee:
Unilever Home & Personal Care USA
Inventors:
Kevin Michael Finucane, Bruce Casbarro, Sudhakar Puvvada, Joseph J. Podgorsky
Abstract: The present invention relates to a transparent bar soap composition comprising a sodium salt of a fatty acid or a mixed sodium/potassium salt of a fatty acid, at least one amphoteric surfactant selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formulas (A) to (C), a nonionic surfactant, and at least one glycerin derivative.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 10, 2001
Date of Patent:
December 2, 2003
Assignees:
Shiseido Honecake Industry Co., Ltd., P & PF Co., Ltd.
Inventors:
Yoshinobu Saito, Daiji Nagahama, Nobuyuki Kishi, Tetsuo Nishina
Abstract: A reinforced bar soap is provided to prolong the usage of conventional bar soap and reduce consumption which comprises a reinforcement member in an interior portion thereof. The reinforcement member is preferably at a core position in the interior portion of the bar. Embodiments are provided wherein the reinforcement member is flexible. Reinforced bar soaps are provided, for example, which comprise at least one mesh-type reinforcement member.
Abstract: Mild toilet bar compositions are described that contain harsh to the skin cleansing components, such as soap, and a latent acidifier. The latent acidifier reduces the pH of the toilet bar when used for cleansing but does not substantially affect the hardness of the toilet bar. Lather, drag properties, and deposition of benefit agents are substantially improved.
Type:
Application
Filed:
March 13, 2003
Publication date:
November 13, 2003
Applicant:
Unilever Home & Personal Care USA, Division of Conopco
Inventors:
Sudhakar Puvvada, Thomas Nikolaos Morikis, Richard Loren McManus
Abstract: There is provided a method of delivering a benefit agent whereby a benefit agent is first loaded to a surface and subsequently unloaded and transferred and delivered to a second surface. More in particular, the benefit agent is first loaded onto a garment during a laundering process, and subsequently delivered to another surface. The benefit agents can be fragrance agents, perfumes, colour enhancers, fabric softening agents, polymeric lubricants, photoprotective agents, latexes, resins, dye fixative agents, encapsulated materials, antioxidants, insecticides, soil repelling agents, soil release agents, and cellulose fibers.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 20, 2000
Date of Patent:
November 4, 2003
Assignee:
Unilever Home & Personal Care USA division of Conopco,
Inc.
Inventors:
Steven Howell, Julie Little, Cornelis Paul Van Der Logt, Neil James Parry
Abstract: An antiseptic soap composition includes alcohol as an active ingredient in combination with a sudsing agent. In a preferred embodiment, the composition includes: SD 40 alcohol or isopropyl alcohol in an amount of between 35% and 80% by weight; ammonium lauryl sulfate as a sudsing agent in an amount of between 5% and 30% by weight; one or more oils as a grease cutting agent and fragrance enhancer; one or more thickening agents; a catalyst; and water.
Abstract: A multi-phase solid toilet article whose phases are separated by a membrane, and processes for making the article are described. Each phase is reproducibly fabricated to form an article allowing the user to sequentially or simultaneously derive benefits from the different materials contained in the article's layers. The membrane is either at least partially water soluble or dispersible in the case of a product used with water, or shearable in the case of a cosmetic product which is applied directly to or rubbed on the skin. The membrane material is selected to dissolve or disintegrate with product use, so as to accomplish its intended function of separating the different cosmetic materials until they are consumed. The flowable toilet or cosmetic formulations are simultaneously or separately transferred into the mold, simultaneously or separately allowed to harden, where the membrane divider is not removed and becomes a part of the finished product.
Type:
Application
Filed:
March 13, 2003
Publication date:
October 23, 2003
Applicant:
Unilever Home & Personal Care USA, Division of Conopco, Inc.
Inventors:
Syed Husain Abbas, Ray Hui, Laurie Ann Coyle
Abstract: There is provided a soap that contains an indicator that produces an observable change after a period of time to show that sufficient cleaning has been done or to indicate the thoroughness of the cleaning. The soap is preferably made from two components that produce a color and/or viscosity changes after about 30 seconds of use. This use indicating change is useful for, for example, teaching children to was their hands for a sufficient period of time.
Type:
Application
Filed:
March 27, 2002
Publication date:
October 9, 2003
Inventors:
John Gavin MacDonald, Naveen Agarwal, Yanbin Huang, Jaeho Kim
Abstract: The invention relates to compositions comprising soap which, when used with at least 3% monoglyceride and or free fatty acid, allows incorporation of desirable &agr;-hydroxy while retaining good ploddability properties. In another embodiment, the invention relates to process for making such bars.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 18, 2001
Date of Patent:
October 7, 2003
Assignee:
Unilever Home & Personal Care USA, division of
Conopco
Inventors:
Terence James Farrell, Charles Craig Nunn, Keith Francis
Abstract: The present invention may be regarded as a decorative soap bar and a method for making same. The decorative soap bar includes a plurality of components that have a mineral-like coating. The components are encased in a non-opaque soap member.
Abstract: A process for the direct production of soap having the desired concentration of fatty acid from neutral fats by reacting, at a temperature higher than 100° C. and under pressure, an aqueous solution of an alkaline hydroxide or mixture of alkaline hydroxides having a quantity in moles equal to that of the fatty acids contained in the fat and/or oil and a quantity of water equal to that required to obtain the desired concentration of fatty acids in the final soap and heated at a temperature sufficient to obtain a clear solution, with the fat and/or oil previously heated at a temperature at least equal to that of the aqueous solution of the alkaline hydroxide.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 31, 2001
Date of Patent:
August 12, 2003
Assignee:
Meccaniche Moderne S.R.L. Chemical Plants Division