Abstract: A solid composition includes a polysaccharide hybrid polymer composition and a hydratable salt. In one embodiment, the polysaccharide hybrid polymer composition includes a polysaccharide residue present in an amount from approximately 5% to 90% by weight of the polysaccharide hybrid polymer composition and a residue of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer present in an amount from approximately 10% to 75% by weight of the polysaccharide hybrid polymer composition.

Abstract: A composition includes a polysaccharide graft polymer composition. In one embodiment, the polysaccharide graft polymer composition includes a polysaccharide residue present in an amount from about 5% to about 90% by weight of the polysaccharide graft polymer composition and a residue of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer present in an amount from about 10% to about 75% by weight of the polysaccharide graft polymer composition.

Abstract: A composition includes a polysaccharide hybrid polymer composition. In one embodiment, the polysaccharide hybrid polymer composition includes a polysaccharide residue present in an amount from about 5% to about 90% by weight of the polysaccharide hybrid polymer composition and a residue of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer present in an amount from about 10% to about 75% by weight of the polysaccharide hybrid polymer composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to high alkaline-solvent cleaners, cleaning systems and methods for removing polymerized zero trans fat soils. The high alkaline-solvent cleaner of the present invention generally includes one or more soil wetting and cleaning solvent(s) and one or more alkaline wetting and saponifying agent(s) that wets and saponifies the soil. In various embodiments, the cleaners may include, at least one cleaning agent comprising a surfactant or surfactant system and/or a at least one chelating/sequestering/threshold agent. In some embodiments, the cleaners may include one or more components to modify the composition form and/or the application method. All components described above can also be optimized optionally, to provide emulsification of a composition (both as a usable product or a concentrate that can be diluted to form a usable product).

Abstract: A composition includes a polysaccharide graft polymer composition and 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid. In one embodiment, the polysaccharide graft polymer composition includes a polysaccharide residue present in an amount from approximately 5% to approximately 90% by weight of the polysaccharide graft polymer composition and a residue of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or a combination thereof present in an amount from approximately 10% to approximately 75% by weight of the polysaccharide graft polymer composition.

Abstract: A composition includes an anionic polysaccharide hybrid polymer composition and 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid. In one embodiment, the polysaccharide hybrid polymer composition includes a polysaccharide residue present in an amount from approximately 5% to approximately 90% by weight of the polysaccharide hybrid polymer composition and a residue of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer present in an amount from approximately 10% to approximately 75% by weight of the polysaccharide hybrid polymer composition.

Abstract: A method of conditioning the surface of a work piece, particularly of a strip or sheet, more particularly of a lithostrip or lithosheet, including an aluminum alloy is provided. The method for conditioning the surface of a work piece and a work piece including an aluminum alloy enabling an increasing manufacturing speed in electro-chemically graining and maintaining at the same time a high quality of the grained surface, includes a conditioning method which comprises at least the two steps, degreasing the surface of the work piece with a degreasing medium and subsequently cleaning the surface of the work piece by pickling.

Abstract: A cleaning composition includes an alkali metal silicate, a polymer including maleic acid, vinyl acetate and alkyl acrylate monomers, and optionally water. The cleaning composition can include approximately 10% and approximately 90% by weight of at least one alkali metal silicate, greater than or equal to approximately 0.1% by weight of the polymer containing maleic acid, vinyl acetate and alkyl acrylate monomers, and approximately 0% to approximately 80% by weight water.

Abstract: A detergent composition includes: 11 to 45 parts by weight of a natural surfactant; 25 to 35 parts by weight of mirabilite; 10 to 40 parts by weight of a water softener; 0.2 to 5 parts by weight of a chelating agent; and a balance of an additional detergent builder.

Abstract: A cleaning and purifying composition including at least one solvent, an alkaline agent, a deflocculant, at least one surfactant selected from the group comprising an alcohol ethoxylate surfactant, an alkylamino-polyethoxy-sulfate surfactant, a polyether-phosphate ester surfactant, a surfactant that is a phosphate ester of an ethoxylated alcohol, and a surfactant that is a polyethyleneglycol monoalkyl ether, and a bonding agent.

Abstract: Cleaner compositions, methods of making cleaners, and methods of use are disclosed. Disclosed is a method of formulating a ready-to-use degreaser composition that has extended to infinite cling time. The method of making the cleaner results in thickened compositions that are capable of removing from vertical and inverted surfaces fresh, greasy and baked-on soils encountered in the food industry. The compositions include one or more alkalinity sources, one or more chelants, one or more surfactants, one or more thickening agents, one or more solvents, one or more buffers, and as a remainder, water. Compositions prepared according to the method of the invention are substantially free of phosphorous and have a low caustic content making them user friendly, having a lower pH than commercially available cleaners. Yet the cleaners prepared according to the method of the invention are surprisingly effective at removing tenacious baked-on soils encountered in the food service industry.

Abstract: Alkaline cleaning compositions that are useful to remove burnt-on and/or baked-on soil deposits and grease are described. The alkaline cleaning compositions comprise a buffering system of a strong base and an organic acid such that the pH is maintained in the range of about 10 to about 11.2. Also described are methods of removing burnt-on or baked on soil deposits or grease.

Abstract: A method of conditioning the surface of a work piece, particularly of a strip or sheet, more particularly of a lithostrip or lithosheet, including an aluminum alloy is provided. The method for conditioning the surface of a work piece and a work piece including an aluminum alloy enabling an increasing manufacturing speed in electro-chemically graining and maintaining at the same time a high quality of the grained surface, includes a conditioning method which comprises at least the two steps, degreasing the surface of the work piece with a degreasing medium and subsequently cleaning the surface of the work piece by pickling.

Abstract: A cleaning and purifying composition including at least one solvent, an alkaline agent, a deflocculant, at least one surfactant selected from the group comprising an alcohol ethoxylate surfactant, an alkylamino-polyethoxy-sulfate surfactant, a polyether-phosphate ester surfactant, a surfactant that is a phosphate ester of an ethoxylated alcohol, and a surfactant that is a polyethyleneglycol monoaklyl ether, and a bonding agent.

Abstract: Cleaner concentrates, associated cleaners, and associated methods are disclosed. The cleaner concentrates are capable for use in making cleaners that are capable of removing from surfaces fresh, greasy soils and polymerized soils more recently encountered in the food service industry originating from non-trans-fat oils. The cleaner concentrates include one or more alkalinity sources, one or more chelants, one or more surfactants, and as a remainder, water. The one or more alkalinity sources may be present in an amount sufficient to provide a free alkalinity (expressible as Na2O) of greater than about 3.6 wt % and a total alkalinity (expressible as Na2O) of greater than about 6.1 wt %, based on the total weight of the cleaner concentrate. The one or more chelants may be present in an amount sufficient to permit a use of a water having a hardness number up to about 600 ppm (600 mg/L) or more.

Abstract: Cleaner concentrates, associated cleaners, and associated methods are disclosed. The cleaner concentrates are capable for use in making cleaners that are capable of removing from surfaces fresh, greasy soils and polymerized soils more recently encountered in the food service industry originating from non-trans-fat oils. The cleaner concentrates include one or more alkalinity sources, one or more chelants, one or more surfactants, and as a remainder, water. The one or more alkalinity sources may be present in an amount sufficient to provide a free alkalinity (expressible as Na2O) of greater than about 3.6 wt % and a total alkalinity (expressible as Na2O) of greater than about 6.1 wt %, based on the total weight of the cleaner concentrate. The one or more chelants may be present in an amount sufficient to permit a use of a water having a hardness number up to about 600 ppm (600 mg/L) or more.

Abstract: An aqueous, alkaline cleaning composition for use on hard-to-clean soils, encountered in pharmaceutical, personal care, food and cosmetic manufacturing, comprising a source of alkalinity, a biodegradable surfactant system further comprising one or more surfactants, one or more hydrotropes, and a UV-analyzable surfactant, and a biodegradable chelating agent. The composition offers unique advantages of stability over the expected shelf life, low-foaming property, phosphate-free and biodegradable components, and unexpectedly enhanced antimicrobial, including virucidal, activity in one cleaning composition. The UV-analyzable surfactant allows for validation of cleaning processes using known techniques for manufacturers who are required or desire to do so.

Abstract: There is provided an alkaline cleaning of aluminum alloy, in which the attained corrosion resistance is equal or superior to the acidic cleaning agent, and which mitigates the disadvantages of the acidic cleaning agent, such as corrosion of plant, processing of the waste liquid, and energy cost, and which attains improved productivity. The cleaning liquid from 0.5 to 40 g/L in total of one or more alkali builders selected from alkali metal hydroxide, alkali metal carbonate, inorganic alkali metal phosphate and alkali metal silicate, from 0.2 to 10 g/L of one or more of organic phosphonic acid and its salt (A), from 0.001 to 2 g/L of one or more metallic ions (B) selected from metallic ions having from 5.0 to 14.0 of stability constant with the organic phosphonic acid and its salt, and from 0.1 to 10 g/L of surfactant. Particularly, the weight ratio of (A):(B) is in a range of from 100:0.05˜20.

Abstract: Processes for effecting biocidal activity in subterranean oil and gas wells being drilled, completed, worked over or produced are described. In general the process comprises blending with aqueous well fluid a biocidally-effective amount of a sulfamate stabilized, bromine-based biocide. Compositions comprised of aqueous well fluid blended with such aqueous biocides are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a detergent composition containing (a) 2 to 30% by weight of an inorganic alkali, (b) 0.5 to 20% by weight of at least one surfactant selected from an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant, (c) 0.01 to 2% by weight (based on calcium ion) of a calcium salt, (d) 0.1 to 15% by weight of a calcium ion-sequestering agent, (e) 1 to 30% by weight of a water-soluble organic solvent and (f) 20 to 95% by weight of water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a water soluble container which contains a composition useful for hard surface cleaning. The composition comprises a cationic surfactant having germicidal properties, a non-ionic surfactant, an alkali salt, an organic acid; and optionally, conventional additives, where the composition is in powder form. The water soluble containers can be made by thermoforming or injection molding.

Abstract: New cleaning compositions and methods of forming and using those compositions are provided. In a preferred embodiment, the compositions are in tablet form, with the tablets being dissolvable in water at the point-of-use for ease of storing and shipping. The compositions comprise sodium bicarbonate, citric acid, an alkali metal alkylbenzene sulfonate, an ingredient selected from the group consisting of a trialkyl glycol monoalkyl ether, limonene, and mixtures thereof, and other ingredients depending upon the embodiment. The diluted cleaner has a very low impact on the environment due to the low levels of surfactants in the diluted solution. Furthermore, the cleaning solution performs well on protein stains due to the production of CO2 and the presence of sodium perborate. The inventive composition can be used on a wide range of substrates, from hard surfaces to fabrics.

Abstract: An adduct that has an acidic solution of sparingly-soluble Group IIA complexes (“AGIIS”) and at least one additive. The AGIIS can be prepared by mixing a mineral acid (such as sulfuric acid), and a Group IIA hydroxide (such as calcium hydroxide) or a Group IIA salt of a dibasic acid (such as calcium sulfate), or a mixture of the two Group IIA compounds, followed by removing the solid formed. The additives can be an alcohol, an organic acid or a surface active agent. The composition has various uses, including cleaning, food production, decontamination, bioremediation, agricultural application, medical application, and detoxification of substances.

Abstract: A composition for stripping and cleaning organic coatings from substrates, comprising a solution of high-boiling alcohols, preferably polyglycols, a surfactant, preferably a nonylphenol ethoxylate, and an alkali metal hydroxide, said composition being essentially free of any amines. The composition aggressively and effectively strips paints and other organic coatings without harming underlying substrates damaged by prior art strippers, over conventional or lower time periods, and at conventional or lower temperatures. One embodiment of the invention comprises from about 40% to about 98.9% by weight of a high-boiling alcohol; from about 1% to about 60% of a non-ionic surfactant; and from about 0.1% to about 10% of an alkali hydroxide or mixture of alkali hydroxide.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of enhancing the appearance of a soiled porous surface. The inventive method includes applying a concentrated, alkaline, cleaning composition to the soiled porous surface. This concentrated, alkaline, cleaning composition is then allowed to remain on the surface for a period of time before it is rinsed with water. After drying, a maintainer composition is then applied to the surface. The maintainer composition includes a pore-filling component. The cleaning composition includes an alkaline source and, optionally, a solvent.

Abstract: In an apparatus, after completion of a CMP (i.e., chemical mechanical polishing) operation of a semiconductor wafer, the thus polished wafer is temporarily stored in a water tank before it is subjected to a post-CMP cleaning operation. During its storage period in the water tank, the wafer is prevented from being chemically attacked by an oxidizing agent contained in an abrasive used in the CMP operation. The apparatus includes: the water tank for storing the wafer therein; a pure water supply pipe for supplying pure water to the water tank; an anticorrosion agent supply pipe for supplying an anticorrosion agent to the pure water; a drain pipe connected with a lower portion of the water tank to discharge the water from the water tank; a return pipe for returning the discharged water to an upper portion of the water tank through a pump and a filter, the return pipe branching-off from the drain pipe; and, valves mounted on these pipes.

Abstract: A method of simultaneously cleaning and disinfecting an industrial water system is described and claimed. The method involves the addition to the water of the industrial water system of a Compound selected from the group consisting of the alkali salts of chlorite and chlorate and mixtures thereof; and an acid, followed by allowing the water in the industrial water system to circulate for several hours. The reaction of the alkali salts of chlorite and chlorate and acid produces chlorine dioxide in-situ in the water of the industrial water system. The chlorine dioxide kills microorganisms and the acid acts to remove deposits upon the water-contact surfaces of the equipment. This cleaning and disinfecting method works in a variety of industrial water systems including cooling water systems.

Abstract: An alkaline sensitive metal cleaning composition is provided. The alkaline sensitive metal cleaning composition contains an alkaline concentrate and a corrosion inhibitor concentrate. The alkaline concentrate includes a source of alkalinity in an amount sufficient to provide a use solution having a pH of at least 10.0, and a first chelant component that exhibits soil removal properties when used at a pH of at least 10.0. The corrosion inhibitor concentrate includes a corrosion inhibitor component for reducing corrosion of alkaline sensitive metals when used in a use solution having a pH of at least 10.0, a second chelant component for stabilizing the corrosion inhibitor in the corrosion inhibitor concentrate when the corrosion inhibitor concentrate is provided at a pH that is less than 8.0, and a surfactant component for providing cleaning properties when used at a pH of at least 10.0.

Abstract: Cleaning compositions which, as powder or as aqueous formulation based on sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride and/or sugar, comprise a water-soluble polymeric polycarboxylate as dispersant with the exception of those formulations containing only sodium bicarbonate and polyaspartic acids and/or their salts, to the use of these cleaning compositions for the abrasive cleaning of hard surfaces. A method for cleaning surfaces contaminated with deposits using these cleaning compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a degreasing composition, to a liquid, to a gel and to a degreasing foam which comprise said composition. The composition according to the invention comprises a base, a polyethoxylated fatty alcohol, saturated or unsaturated, a copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, and water. The invention also relates to a degreasing and/or decontamination process of a surface using said composition, said liquid, said gel, and/or said degreasing foam.

Abstract: A cleaning method is provided for an ultrapure water supply system having an ultrapure water production apparatus connected to a point of use of ultrapure water via a passage. In the cleaning method, a basic solution, for example, is circulated through the system to change the surface potential of fine particles in the system from an opposite to the same polarity as that of elements constituting the system, thereby facilitating the removal of the fine particles, and the fine particles are then discharged from the system to outside together with the basic solution. The cleaning method has excellent cleaning capability and also makes it possible to shorten the rinsing time required for removing the residual constituent of the cleaning solution.

Abstract: An adduct that has an acidic solution of sparingly-soluble Group IIA complexes (“AGIIS”) and at least one additive. The AGIIS can be prepared by mixing a mineral acid (such as sulfuric acid), and a Group IIA hydroxide (such as calcium hydroxide) or a Group IIA salt of a dibasic acid (such as calcium sulfate), or a mixture of the two Group IIA compounds, followed by removing the solid formed. The additives can be an alcohol, an organic acid or a surface active agent. The composition has various uses, including cleaning, food production, decontamination, bioremediation, agricultural application, medical application, and detoxification of substances.

Abstract: Aqueous alkaline cleaning solutions are used to remove metal intermediate length carboxylate salts from a solid substrate. Foaming of the aqueous alkaline cleaning solution can be adequately reduced by treating the anions of the metal intermediate length carboxylate salts with cations. The anions of the metal intermediate length carboxylate salts constitute a separate solid phase layer that be readily separated from the cleaning solution, resulting in a regenerated aqueous alkaline cleaning solution.

Abstract: A method for pretreating a plastic surface in a coating process. The plastic surface is immersed in a solution containing iso-propanol, or another light alcohol, and potassium hydroxide (KOH). The method and the solution according to the present invention are particularly useful for cleaning and etching plastic surfaces (e.g. PU or PVC) with a heavy organic chemical contamination (e.g. silicone).

Abstract: The present invention relates to cleaning and degreasing compositions. It is an aqueous concentrate comprising caustic soda, a metal salt of silica, three surfactants, and a bonding agent. The concentrate can be diluted to provide a reusable, low foaming, non-toxic and biodegradable composition useful for degreasing, cleaning, and disinfecting, and for separating solids, oils, and greases suspended in water. Methods of use are also provided.

Abstract: In order to replace compositions based on CFC or on HCFC in cleaning or drying applications on solid surfaces (in particular defluxing), the invention provides azeotropic or near-azeotropic compositions based on 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane, on dichloromethane, on methanol and on 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane.

Abstract: An automatic dishwashing detergent composition is described which contains an effective amount of a defined water soluble cationic or amphoteric polymer and a phosphate or nonphosphate builder. The polymers are soluble or dispersible to at least 0.01% by weight in distilled water at 25° C. A method of using the polymers to prevent fading or corrosion of dishware is also described.

Abstract: A process for descaling, derusting, dissolving, and removing machining lubricants coated on steel and other iron alloy objects, the process comprising the steps of: (a) providing an alkaline cleaning solution consisting of: water; about 2.5% to 25% by weight of a water-soluble alkali; about 2% to 8% by weight of sodium gluconate; about 5% to 20% by weight of sodium xylene sulfonate; and about 2% to 20% by weight of a water-soluble surfactant consisting of C9-C11 alcohol ethoxylates and 6 ppm of ethylene oxides; and (b) contacting the soiled object with the alkaline cleaning solution at a temperature of about 60° F. to 200° F. for about 3 to 30 minutes, wherein the object is descaled, derusted, and the machining lubricant is dissolved and removed.

Abstract: An aqueous alkaline composition for cleaning equipment used in the food industry wherein the composition contains potassium hydroxide or a mixture of potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide and wherein the potassium hydroxide is present in an amount of at least 20% by weight, based on the weight of hydroxide present in the composition. A process for regenerating the cleaning solution is also disclosed.

Abstract: Fully diluted hard surface cleaners are disclosed which are particularly effective on cleaning soap scum. The cleaners contain at least 0.45 eq/kg of a dissolved anion which reacts with calcium ion to form an insoluble salt. The cleaners also contain a particular amine oxide, or a different surfactant in conjunction with a solvent. Preferred embodiments include a bleach, which provide for a cleaner which is effective on soap scum and mold and mildew.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to a novel class of compounds, known as alkali metal salts of hydroxyalkyl sulfonates of aminoalkyl alkanol amines and/or aminoalkyl alkanol ethers, the methods of making such compounds, the alkali-stable solutions containing such compounds, and the use of said solutions as strong detergent compositions. Those alkali-stable solutions are temperature-stable, exhibit superior wetting characteristics, and can be made into low or high foam formulations useful for hard surface cleaning, oven and grill cleaning, metal cleaning, bottle washing, steam cleaning and wax stripping formulations.

Abstract: Compositions useful for polishing wafers to be used in microelectronic devices comprise silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, sodium hydroxide, and water. Cleaning compositions for removing electron wax from wafers to be used in microelectronic devices comprise from about 2 to about 6 percent by weight of ammonium hydroxide, from about 10 to about 22 percent by weight of hydrogen peroxide, and water.

Abstract: The caustic cleaner of the present invention has a freezing point of no more than about 40.degree. F. The caustic cleaner is a mixture of aqueous sodium hydroxide and an organic salt derived from the reaction of sodium hydroxide and gluconic acid at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cleaning composition containing at least one first surfactant selected from the group consisting of nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, partially esterified ethoxylated glycerol surfactants, and alkyl polyglucoside surfactants and mixtures thereof and a second surfactant selected from the group consisting of sulfonamide, hydroxy sulfobetaine, betaines, amine oxides, glucoamides, N-C.sub.1-3 alkyl C.sub.8 -C.sub.16 alkyl glucoamide, and C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 N-alkyl aldoamide and mixtures thereof and water.

Abstract: All purpose cleaning or microemulsion compositions more environmentally friendly, which is especially effective in the removal of a mixture of oil and kaolin soil, contains an analephotropic negatively charged complex, a hydrocarbon ingredient, a cosurfactant, and water.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and purge concentrate are capable of purging water-based and non-water-based paints and other coatings from automated and manual equipment using non-VOC containing aqueous purge solutions. Purge solutions of the invention contain water, detergent builder and wetting agents. The solution is maintained at a selected concentration and at a selected elevated temperature range by continuously recirculating the solution through the automated coating equipment. For manual equipment the solution is set at the correct concentration and maintained at the correct temperature range. For an automated system, spent purge solution can be reconditioned and recirculated to avoid waste.

Abstract: The invention provides an aqueous, hard surface cleaner with significantly improved residue removal and substantially reduced filming/streaking, said cleaner comprising:(a) an effective amount of at least one organic solvent with a vapor pressure of at least 0.001 mm Hg at 25.degree. C., and mixtures of such solvents;(b) an effective amount of at least one semi-polar nonionic surfactant, said surfactant having the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is C.sub.5-20 alkyl, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are both C.sub.1-4 alkyl, or --(CH.sub.2).sub.p --OH, although R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 do not have to be equal, and p is 1-6;(c) an effective amount of a buffering system which comprises a nitrogenous buffer which will result in a pH of greater than 6.5; and(d) the remainder as substantially all water.

Abstract: Aqueous alkali cleaning compositions containing an alkali metal salt, an N-alkyl pyrrolidone derivative, and specific ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymers having molecular weights of from about 1500 to about 2500. Such compositions can be employed as an aqueous concentrate or solution to clean a substrate such as a circuit board, wiring board or metal surface. Specific ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymers protect plastic parts from corrosion by N-alkyl pyrrolidone derivatives without compromising N-alkyl pyrrolidone derivative cleaning ability.

Abstract: An improvement is described in the microemulsion compositions which is especially effective in the removal of oily and greasy soil contains an anionic detergent, a saturated fatty acid, an unsaturated fatty acid, a solubilizing agent, a perfume having a pine like odor, an alkali metal hydroxide and water.

Abstract: All purpose cleaning or microemulsion compositions more environmentally friendly, which is especially effective in the removal of a mixture of oil and kaolin soil, contains an analephotropic negatively charged complex, a hydrocarbon ingredient, a Lewis base, neutral polymer, a cosurfactant, and water.