Abstract: In machine dishwashing using low-alkaline detergents, the protection of silver was to be guaranteed. This was achieved by using 3-amino-5-alkyl-1,2,4-triazoles and salts thereof as silver protectors in machine dishwashing detergents. In addition, the dishwashing detergents may contain bleaching agents and builders.

Abstract: Automatic dishwashing detergent compositions comprising blooming perfume composition containing blooming perfume ingredients selected from the group consisting of: ingredients having a boiling point of less than about 260.degree. C. and a ClogP of at least about 3, and wherein said perfume composition comprises at least 5 different blooming perfume ingredients, bleaching agent, builder and optionally, bleach catalysts. Preferred automatic dishwashing compositions further comprise amylase and/or protease enzymes.

Abstract: Liquid aqueous bleaching compositions are disclosed which comprise a pH buffering means with low sensitivity to water hardness and an alkali metal hypochlorite. A method of treating fabrics with said compositions is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides a bleaching gel cleaner and a method for preparing it, said cleaner comprising:a) an effective amount of a hypochlorite-generating compound;b) a ternary thickening system which comprises: (i) alkali metal soap; (ii) a hydrotrope selected from the group consisting of trialkylamine oxides, betaines and mixtures thereof; and (iii) a bleach stable solvent, each in amounts appropriate to create a gelled composition;c) a buffer/electrolyte in an amount effective to stabilize the hypochlorite; andd) the remainder as water.

Abstract: Process for stainless steel pickling consisting in placing the material to be treated in a bath kept at a temperature ranging from 30.degree. C. to 70.degree. C. and containing:a) HClb) Fe.sup.3+c) HFd) emulsifiers, wetting agents, polishing agents, acid attack inhibitors;the bath being fed continuously with:an air flow equal to at least 3 m.sup.3 /h per m.sup.3 bath min. and an oxidizer quantity adjusted to the bath redox potential to be kept at 250 mV min.

Abstract: A cleaning composition is provided with effective cleaning performance and viscosity, said composition comprising a polycarboxylate polymer and a surfactant system containing a short chain surfactant and a long chain surfactant. The present invention further encompasses the use of a polycarboxylate polymer in a liquid cleaning composition.

Abstract: The invention provides a bleaching composition of pH 8-14 which comprises an oxygen transfer agent and hypochlorite or a source thereof and a method for bleaching a stained substrate which comprises the step of treating the substrate with a bleaching composition of pH 8-14 which bleaching composition comprises an oxygen transfer agent and hypochlorite or a source thereof. Particularly preferred oxygen transfer agents are imine quaternary ammonium salts such as N-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolinium salts. Where these salts are used, suitable counter-ions include halides, sulphate, methosulphate, sulphonate, p-toluene sulphonate and phosphate. Oxygen transfer agents which comprise a quaternary nitrogen atom are preferred. In the alternative, the oxygen transfer agent can be a sulphonimine.

Abstract: An improved process for the manufacture of alkaline bleaching compositions, especially liquid and/or gel compositions of high solubility and low abrasiveness, useful to the consumer, especially as products for hard surface cleaning, bleaching or disinfectancy. The products are made by a three-stage process and comprise particular chlorine and bromine bleach sources and particular aminofunctional materials such as low-impurity sulfamate.

Abstract: Automatic dishwashing detergent compositions comprising a mixed nonionic surfactant system comprising low cloud point and high cloud point nonionic surfactants.

Abstract: Process for manufacturing bleaching compositions comprising halogen bleach, a source of bromine and an organic or inorganic derived --NH.sub.2 compound whereby improved bleaching performance is obtained and compositions obtainable by said process.

Abstract: An improved powdered non-phosphate machine dishwashing composition comprising a blend of nonionic surfactants, builders, chlorine or non-chlorine bleach, bleach activators, enzymes and copolymers of alkylene oxides adducts of allyl alcohol and acrylic acid useful in reducing spotting and filming of dishware.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a concentrated liquid gel warewash detergent composition which contains about 5% to about 30% by weight of an alkali polyphosphate, about 8% to about 50% by weight of a source of alkalinity, about 0% to about 5% by weight of a surface active agent, about 0.1% to about 2% by weight of a hydrophilic crosslinkled polycarboxylate thickening agent, about 0.1% to about 2% by weight of a hydrogen bonding agent for the polycarboxylate, and about 0 to about 15% of a polyacrylate, the balance being water. The composition may also contain about 0% to about 3% by weight of a chlorine bleach. The composition is predissolved and can be accurately metered into warewash machines to clean and destain tablewares and dishwares.

Abstract: A disinfectant and cleansing composition is provided in the form of an extruded solid. The active agent in the composition is a halogen-releasing agent such as a halogenated 5,5-dialylhydantoin. An inert binder such as a fatty acid salt or a hectoritic clay is used to enable manufacture of the composition using an extrusion process. Fragrance, colorants, and other pressure-sensitive materials may be included; fragrance and colorants are preferably incorporated in encapsulated form. Methods for manufacturing the compositions are also provided, as are methods for using the compositions in sanitizing water, particularly in disinfecting and cleansing flush toilets.

Abstract: Cellulose esters according to formula (I):?(C.sub.6 H.sub.7 O.sub.2)(OR).sub.x (OR').sub.y (OH).sub.3-x-y !.sub.n (I)are described, where R is hydrophobic, R' is hydrophilic and not phthalyl or trimellityl, which may be designed, by the proper selection of R, R', x, y, and n, to dissolve under mild to alkaline conditions, and not before. A coating comprising a modified ester according to formula (I) may be used for controlled-release applications, particularly for a cleaning formulation.

Abstract: Process for stainless steel pickling consisting in placing the material to be treated in a bath kept at a temperature ranging from 30.degree. C. to 70.degree. C. and containing:a) H.sub.2 SO.sub.4b) Fe.sup.3+c) HFd) emulsifiers, wetting agents, polishing agents, acid attack inhibitors;the bath being kept under agitation with:an air flow and continuously fed with a quantity of oxidizing agent adjusted to the bath redox potential to be kept at 250 mV min.

Abstract: A novel detergent composition and product form provides for substantial chlorine stability in detergents having substantial organic surfactant concentration. The product format ensures that water contained in the formulation, contact between sensitive organic materials and the chlorine source are structurally isolated preventing undesirable chlorine surfactant interactions and instability. Particulate detergents can be packaged in any arbitrary packaging component that can maintain a dry flowable powder.

Abstract: An apparatus for surface cleaning is provided in which a first liquid, which includes an oxidizing agent, and a second liquid, which includes a builder or a chelating agent, are initially maintained separately. The apparatus is constructed to facilitate delivery of these two liquids such that they are combined to form an admixture during delivery to a surface to be treated. Either or both of the first and second liquids include a pH-adjusting agent, which is present in an amount such that when the liquids are so delivered, the resulting admixture is maintained at a pH sufficient for cleaning efficacy and stability of the oxidizing agent. The present invention also provides a composition produced by a process of maintaining the two above-mentioned liquids separately and forming an admixture thereof during delivery to a surface to be treated.

Abstract: Hard-surface scouring cleansers contain surfactant; water soluble abrasive/alkalinity mixture of water soluble carbonate and bicarbonate and optional sulfate salts; preferably bleach; optional buffer and/or minors. Such compositions combine the stain and soil removal properties of a strong active chlorine bleaching agent and bleach-stable surfactant in a abrasive cleanser having desirable surface safety and superior rinsing properties.

Abstract: An improved process for the compression and tabletting of solid sustained release toilet bowl cleaners comprises the addition of a small amount of an anionic surfactant which produces a suitably compressed tablet with controlled rates of dissolution for long term cleaning efficacy. The surfactant allows for the formation of more tightly compressed tablets which require less compression energy expenditures reducing the wear and tear on commercial large scale tabletting machines.

Abstract: The present invention provides an abrasive-free cleaning composition which includes, in aqueous solution, a bleach, a colloidal thickener, and a source of divalent ionic calcium. The composition further includes at least one surfactant which is effective to provide cleaning activity and, in association with the colloidal thickener, thickening. The composition also includes an electrolyte/buffer which is effective to promote an environment in which the thickener and the surfactant associate to provide proper thickening. The inventive cleaning composition, with its ionic calcium source, has desirable viscosity and rheological properties, and demonstrates significant viscosity stability, rheological stability, phase stability and bleach stability. The cleaning composition maintains these desirable properties under typical storage conditions as well as over extended times and at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a thickened viscoelastic cleaning formulation comprising, in aqueous solution: (a) an active cleaning compound; and (b) a viscoelastic thickening system comprising a tetradecyldialkylamine oxide and a hydrophobic organic counterion; wherein the formulation has a viscosity of at least 500 cP at 20.degree. C. The present invention is characterized as a means for reducing the characteristic "bleach odor" found in hypochlorite cleaning compositions of the prior art, particularly those which are volatilized upon dispensing. The compositions of the present invention may further be formulated to have utility as a hard surface cleaner, or as a drain opener.

Abstract: An automatic dishwashing detergent composition is described which comprises 0.01 to 1.0% of a fatty acid having from 12 to 22, preferably from 16 to 18, carbon atoms in the acyl radical and are preferably unsaturated; 0.1 to 2% of a carrier containing a ketone which has at least 25 carbon atoms; 0.5 to 40% of a surfactant; 0.1 to 10 weight % of a proteolytic enzyme; 1 to 30 weight % of a bleaching agent selected from the group of a peroxygen or hypohalite agent; and 1 to 75% of a builder providing a composition having a pH of less than about 11. Specifically, the detergent composition must have a weight ratio of long-chain ketone/carrier to fatty acid of 5:1 to 1:1, preferably from 4:1 to 2:1. A method of using the composition is also described.

Abstract: A composition and method for inhibiting lead corrosion of fine tableware washed in automatic dishwashers is disclosed. The composition comprises an aluminum salt which dissolves at a rate to deliver less than 0.56 mM aluminum(III) per minute at 42.degree. C. to a wash liquor, a bleaching agent, a builder and optionally a surfactant. The composition has a pH of less than about 10 and is substantially free of silicates.

Abstract: Automatic dishwashing detergents containing N-alkoxy or N-aryloxy polyhydroxy fatty acid amide surfactants which provide not only improved cleaning, but also improved filming and spotting performance on tableware are described. Thus, C.sub.12 -C.sub.14 N-(3-methoxypropyl) glucamide is used in automatic dishwashing compositions which, optionally, can be formulated to be free from chlorine bleach or phosphate builders. Weak builders such as citrate and perborate or percarbonate bleach can be used in the compositions, as can various detersive enzymes.

Abstract: Automatic dishwashing detergent compositions comprising a diacyl peroxide particle are disclosed. The diacyl peroxide particles are premixed with dispersing agent prior to the addition of other automatic dishwashing detergent ingredients. The dispersing agent is selected from the group consisting of surfactants, dispersant polymers and mixtures thereof. The compositions are effective in removing carotenoid stains from plastics and tea stains from china under various temperature and pH conditions.

Abstract: A lavatory cleansing block is formed of a composition comprising a mixture of (A) a surface active component comprising one or more anionic surface active agents and (B) a halogen release agent component consisting of (i) a halogen release agent selected from N-chloro-succinimide, calcium hypochlorite, chloramine T, dichlorodimethylhydantoin and bromochlorodimethylhydantoin, and, optionally, (ii) another halogen release agent, in which the halogen release component forms from 10 to 65% by weight of the composition, halogen release component (i) forms not less than 5% by weight of the composite and halogen release component (ii), when present, forms not more than 30% by weight of the block.

Abstract: Liquid or granular automatic dishwashing detergent compositions comprising silicate and low molecular weight polyacrylate copolymer exhibiting enhanced hard water filming performance.

Abstract: The invention is a foam stabilizing composition which is used in conjunction with alkaline detergent products to produce a foam which is capable of clinging to vertical surfaces for extended time periods without breakdown or drying and which ultimately rinses freely with water. The foam stabilizing composition generally comprises a vinyl polymer emulsion. The invention also comprises a method of cleaning hard surfaces using the combination of the alkaline detergent product and the disclosed foam stabilizing composition.

Abstract: Uniform, microscopic perforated water soluble film is herein described, and its use in packaging solid, pelletized or particulate detersire compositions containing strong acids, strong bases or a source of halogen whereby the package provides air to pass through without leakage of its contents. Also described is a method of manufacture of a sealed, water soluble, detersire package with microscopic perforations and an apparatus for said manufacture.