Abstract: A phospholipid extract from a marine or aquatic biomass possesses therapeutic properties. The phospholipid extract comprises a variety of phospholipids, fatty acid, metals and a novel flavonoid.

Abstract: A method for reducing alpha-synuclein amyloid protein in a patient suffering from Parkinson's Disease comprising administering to the patient an effective amount of trans-resveratrol, a method for treating a neurodegenerative disease associated with amyloid proteins comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of trans-resveratrol, and a method for treating Parkinson's Disease comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a pharmaceutically effective amount of carbidopa, levodopa, and trans-resveratrol are described. More particularly, the effect of trans-resveratrol on reducing the pharmaceutically effective dose of at least one of carbidopa and levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson's Disease is described. In addition, a method of improving cognition, speech and/or movement in a patient suffering from Parkinson's Disease comprising administering to the patient carbidopa, levodopa and trans-resveratrol is described.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a composition and associated method for the treatment of musculoskeletal related disorders and diseases. In particular, the present invention provides a class of citrate compounds that can be used to for the treatment of diseases/disorders characterized by the degeneration of musculoskeletal tissues including menisci, bone, articular cartilage, and soft tissues. Examples of suitable citrate and citrate analog compounds include citrates having the following base formula (I): where X may be one of the following: wherein Y, Y?, and Y? are independently a citrate moiety, O, O—Y, OH, NH, NH—Y, R and R—Y, with R being an alkyl, alkyene, ester, aryl, or phenyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for modulating one or more phenotypes of a macrophage-related cell, e.g., a macrophage. The invention further provides methods of treating disease by modulating macrophage phenotype. Representative phenotypes include pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, immunogenic, tolerogenic, tissue-destructive, tissue restorative, cytotoxic, migratory, bone-resorbing, pro-angiogenic, anti-angiogenic, suppressor, antigen presentation, or phagocytic. Representative diseases include atherosclerosis, arthritis, and multiple sclerosis.

Abstract: The present invention provides for methods of preventing or improving cardiometabolic disorders/metabolic disorders, compositions and pharmaceutical compositions comprising therapeutically effective amount of therapeutic phospholipid compositions and therapeutically effective amount of one or more lipid modifying agents, including statins.

Abstract: Phosphatidic acid is administered orally to increase muscle mass and strength in exercising mammals. Phosphatidic acid is administered orally to aging, bedridden or cachectic patients to improve nitrogen balance. The preferred form of phosphatidic acid for administration is phosphatidic acid-enriched lecithin. Creatine is co-administered orally to increase the muscle-building and strength effect. Other suggested additives include nutritional and herbal supplements, micronutrients and hormones.

Abstract: The present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions and methods for the instillation of lipid vehicles comprised of liposomes containing sphingomyelin or sphingomyelin metabolites to prevent, manage, ameliorate and/or treat disorders involving neuropathic pain and aberrant muscle contractions, such as what occurs in bladder hyperactivity disorders such as interstitial cystitis (IC) in animals or humans in need thereof. Also provided is a liposome-based delivery of drugs, e.g., antibiotics, pain treatments and anticancer agents, to the bladder, genitourinary tract, gastrointestinal system, pulmonary system and other organs or body systems. In particular, liposome-based delivery of vanilloid compounds, such as resiniferatoxin, capsaicin, or tinyatoxin and toxins, such as botulinum toxin is provided for the treatment of bladder conditions, including pain, inflammation, incontinence and voiding dysfunction.

Abstract: A phospholipid extract from a marine or aquatic biomass possesses therapeutic properties. The phospholipid extract comprises a variety of phospholipids, fatty acid, metals and a novel flavonoid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating neuronal damage and neurological diseases, and more particularly, to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating neuronal damage and neurological diseases containing, as active ingredients, any one or two or more compounds selected from a group consisting of the compound of chemical formula 1, the compound of chemical formula 2, and the acceptable salts thereof. The pharmaceutical composition repairs nerve tissue damaged by herpes zoster to reduce the acute pain caused by herpes zoster, prevents postherpetic neuralgia, and enables a fundamental treatment through the recovery of nerve tissue in the postherpetic neuralgia.

Abstract: Methods using phosphatidylserine, lysophosphatidylserine, and/or salts thereof to increase testosterone levels in subjects in need thereof are disclosed herein. The methods can be useful for subjects having age related decline in testosterone, exercise induced decline in testosterone, and/or hypogonadism.

Abstract: Nutritional supplement formulations suitable for specific enhancement of cell and mitochondrial function comprise enriched formulations of phospholipids and chemical precursors containing specifically identified concentrations of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylcholine, and mitochondrial and cell membrane phospholipid molecules as well as other desirable constituents. Methods of enriching extracted sources of cell and mitochondrial membrane molecules and precursors from microbes, plants and other sources are also set forth. The formulae can be combined with nutritional, prebiotic, and probiotic (microbial) factors that increase bioavailability through the digestive tract and increase absorption at the cellular and subcellular levels. These lipid combinations can be used to treat mitochondrial disorders associated with medical pathologies, chronic illnesses and syndromes, or to maintain lipid balance for normal mitochondrial function, and can be administered in many different forms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of treatment and/or prevention of cardiovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, skin cancer, premenstrual syndrome, diabetes and transdermal transport enhancement. The method comprises the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of krill and/or marine oil to a patient. The present invention also relates to a composition for the treatment and/or prevention of these diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating a corneal disorder comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a composition containing pharmaceutically effective amount of dioleoylphosphatidylglycerol and/or palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylglycerol and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: The invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a synthetic or naturally occurring charged phospholipid, which is formulated into a dosage form for administration to a subject or which is administered as a food additive. Negatively charged phospholipid composition increase the net negative charge on intravascular lipoproteins, enhance the clearance of cholesterol and regulate the function of lipolytic enzymes, retard prothrombin formation and aid in the clearance of virus and bacterial particles. Negatively charged lipid compositions can therefore be administered to humans and animals for the treatment of hyperlipidemia and blood coagulation disorders and to reduce the levels of virus, bacteria, and endotoxins in the blood stream. Positively charged lipid compositions can be administered to delay lipoprotein clearance from the plasma compartment and give longer duration of activity for drugs which are associated with lipoproteins.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition containing phosphatidylserine as an effective ingredient, and more particularly to a composition containing phosphatidylserine as an effective ingredient for protecting and improving a skin, reinforcing a skin barrier function, suppressing and alleviating an inflammatory response, treating and improving an atopic skin, activating PPAR-a promoting a differentiation of the skin, protecting the skin and preventing and improving skin aging and wrinkle. Accordingly, it is possible to protect and improve the skin from the injury due to the ultraviolet or the external stimulating material such as chemical material and to reinforce and strengthen the skin barrier function using the composition, thereby improving a general skin state.

Abstract: Medicaments and therapeutic compositions contain (1) phospholipids having 4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid covalently bound thereto and (2) at least one omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid derivative or mixtures thereof, wherein about 25% of the total 4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid moieties in the composition are covalently bound to phospholipids, and wherein components (1) and (2) are present in amounts effective to support overall neurological health in a subject.

Abstract: The invention relates to concentrated therapeutic phospholipid compositions; methods for treating or preventing diseases associated with cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, inflammation and diseases associated therewith, neurodevelopmental diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases, comprising administering an effective amount of a concentrated therapeutic phospholipid composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions comprising phospholipids and particularly those comprising at least 40% phospholipid and at least 80% phospholipid as a percentage of total fat in the extract, comprising polyunsaturated and saturated phospholipids, in a ratio of saturated phospholipid to monounsaturated to polyunsaturated phospholipid of about 6:3:1 respectively, or comprising at least 40% phospholipid and less than 40% protein and methods for their production from dairy products.

Abstract: Described herein are compositions of an linoleic phospholipid for inhibiting inflammatory pathways or neurodegenerative processes. Also provided are uses of such compositions and methods of inhibiting inflammatory or neurodegenerative processes by administering a composition that includes an linoleic phospholipid and optionally a carrier to a cell, cell culture or subject in need of such treatment.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of treating diseases and disorders related to immune responses by administering one or more immunomodulatory compounds. In particular, the invention is directed to methods of stimulating and reducing immune responses, therapeutic and prophylactic treatment of cancer, treating autoimmune conditions, treating allergic reactions and asthma, and preventing ischemic damage and asthma by administering one or more immunomodulatory compounds.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a leukotriene receptor antagonist that can be conveniently prepared from a natural source. The object has been achieved by finding that a marine product such as a squid phospholipid extract or an Akiami paste shrimp phospholipid extract contains the antagonists of BLT and CysLT1, which are leukotriene receptors. Therefore, the present invention provides a dietary composition and a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting the activity of leukotriene receptors, containing a squid phospholipid extract or an Akiami paste shrimp phospholipid extract.

Abstract: The invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a synthetic or naturally occurring charged phospholipid, which is formulated into a dosage form for administration to a subject or which is administered as a food additive. Negatively charged phospholipid composition increase the net negative charge on intravascular lipoproteins, enhance the clearance of cholesterol and regulate the function of lipolytic enzymes, retard prothrombin formation and aid in the clearance of virus and bacterial particles. Negatively charged lipid compositions can therefore be administered to humans and animals for the treatment of hyperlipidemia and blood coagulation disorders and to reduce the levels of virus, bacteria, and endotoxins in the blood stream. Positively charged lipid compositions can be administered to delay lipoprotein clearance from the plasma compartment and give longer duration of activity for drugs which are associated with lipoproteins.

Abstract: Pathogenic polyclonal B cell activation and immunoglobulin class switching to pathogenic autoantibodies is inhibited by binding molecules that specifically interfere with CD1 antigen, but do not activate signaling (blocking agents), or by molecules that bind to the T cell antigen receptor on T cells that recognize CD1. When CD1 mediated signaling is thus blocked, the T cell response is diminished, resulting in reduced polyclonal B cell activation and reduced immunoglobulin class switching to pathogenic autoantibodies.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods to screen for, identify, select and synthesise amphiphilic mitochondrially targeted antioxidant compounds, and compositions, dosage forms and methods reliant on said compounds. The exemplified compounds are all mitoquinone derivatives, being methoxyphenyl alkyl triphenylphosphonium or methoxy dioxocyclohexadiene alkyl triphenylphosphonium derivatives. The compounds, compositions, dosage forms and methods are useful in, for example, the treatment of diseases or conditions associated with oxidative stress.

Abstract: The present invention relates in general to maternal food compositions. In particular, the present invention relates to maternal food compositions comprising LC-PUFA and their uses. Embodiments of the present invention relate to maternal food compositions comprising a source of lipids, wherein the source of lipids includes at least one LC-PUFA in the form selected from the group consisting of phospholipids (PL), phosphotidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), N-Acylphosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE), phosphatidylinositol (Pl), phosphatidylserine (PS) or their lyso derivatives and their uses in brain development and eye development of neonates.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for diagnosing male infertility relating to inadequate production of phosphatidic acid and are complementary to the routine tests, assessing sperm count, motility, viability, head morphology, and white blood cell count. Additional therapeutic methods, compositions and dosage forms are provided for treating male infertility that is related to inadequate production of phosphatidic acid. Such therapeutic approaches involve the use of phosphatidic acid or at least one of its precursors in the sperm intracellular signaling pathway.

Abstract: Ready-to-use foamable pesticide compositions that contain a particulate pesticide suspended therein and applicators for dispensing such compositions. Methods for treating pests such as arthropods by contacting pests with such compositions are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of efficiently and stably producing LCPUFA-PL. Specifically, the invention provides a method for producing phospholipids that contain LCPUFA as a constituent (LCPUFA-PL), wherein lipid producing cells producing lipids that contain long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) are used as a starting material, the method including a PL extracting step of extracting phospholipids (PL) from defatted cells obtained by extracting triglyceride (TG)-containing oil or fat from the lipid producing cells.

Abstract: Novel marine lipid compositions comprising triglycerides and omega-3 rich phospholipids are described. The compositions are characterized by providing highly bioavailable omega-3, increased tissue incorporation of omega-3 and reduced concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for transdermal drug delivery comprising formulating a phosphatidylcholine carrier composition containing the drug and applying the composition to the skin. The present invention further relates to the topical application to the skin of such compositions, and/or preparations containing them, for the prevention and/or treatment of damage to skin.

Abstract: The present invention refers to pharmaceutical formulations based on lipids for ophthalmic use comprising a phospholipid component composed of zwitterionic phospholipids of natural origin and an oily component composed of oils of natural origin emulsified in water. In particular, the invention refers to ophthalmic formulations useful, for example, for transporting drugs to the eye and in the treatment of ocular dryness, capable of restoring the lipid layer of the tear film. In particular, in a non-transitory but pathological situation such as the dry eye syndrome, such formulations also succeed in reducing the often-present inflammatory component.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liver function-protecting agent which comprises a phospholipid as an active ingredient, and which can exhibit an excellent prophylactic and ameliorating effect on the deterioration in the liver function when ingested orally. Also disclosed is a liver function-protecting food, beverage or feed. The phospholipid is preferably one derived from milk or a milk material. Alternatively, the phospholipid may be used in the form of a phospholipid-containing composition prepared from milk or a milk material and containing the phospholipid in an amount of 10 wt % or more relative to the total solid content.

Abstract: Treatment and/or prevention of sepsis using an enteral composition containing phospholipids, triglycerides and cholesterol or precursors thereof. With the composition of the invention the natural level of chylomicrons is maintained, in particular in gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), which ensures that most of LPS and/or LTA which are released in the body can be neutralized, substantially decreasing the risk of locally occurring high levels of LPS and/or LTA and thus sepsis.

Abstract: Compositions for the treatment of xerostomia, and methods of making and using thereof are disclosed herein. The compositions are typically in the form of a film or tablet, such as a double layer sticker tablet. The compositions adhere to a buccal surface or mucosal surface in the oral cavity for at least 15 minutes, preferably for at least 30 minutes. The compositions themselves are able to increase the levels of saliva in the mouth without the need for active agents, such sialogogic agents. The compositions optionally contain a non-lipid lubricant, a flavoring agent, and/or a buffering agent. The composition is generally effective at treating or ameliorating the effects of xerostomia for a time period ranging from at least 30 minutes up to eight hours following administration to the buccal or oral mucosa.

Abstract: The invention pertains to novel cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors (cdks) and specifically, but not exclusively, as inhibitors of cdk/cyclin complexes. As described herein, the inhibitors of this invention are capable of inhibiting the cell-cycle machinery and consequently may be useful in modulating cell-cycle progression, ultimately controlling cell growth and differentiation. Such compounds would be useful for treating subjects having disorders associated with excessive cell proliferation.

Abstract: The invention includes compositions and methods useful for treatment of a virus infection in a mammal by double-targeting the virus (i.e. targeting the virus at more than one stage of the virus life cycle) and thereby inhibiting virus replication. The compositions of the invention include compounds which comprise a phosphocholine moiety covalently conjugated with one or more antiviral agents (e.g. nucleoside analogue, protease inhibitor, etc.) to a lipid backbone. The invention also includes pharmaceutical compositions and kits for use in treatment of a virus infection in mammals. The methods of the invention comprise administering a compound of the invention, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition of the invention, in an amount effective to treat the infection, to a mammal infected with a virus. Additionally, the invention includes compositions and methods useful for combating a cancer in a mammal and for facilitating delivery of a therapeutic agent to a mammalian cell.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula, A-L-B, wherein A is glutamate or a glutamate analog; L is a phosphoramidate or a phosphoramidate analog; and B is serine or a serine analog are described which are potent inhibitors of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PMSA). Such compounds are useful in treatment of prostate cancer; and when chemically attached to a fluorescent dye, can efficiently and selectively label prostate cancer cells for fluorescent imaging.

Abstract: Acyloxyalkyl carbamate prodrugs of 3-aminopropylphosphinic acid and analogs thereof, methods of making acyloxyalkyl carbamate prodrugs of 3-aminopropylphosphinic acid and analogs thereof, methods of using acyloxyalkyl carbamate prodrugs of 3-aminopropylphosphinic acid and analogs thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising acyloxyalkyl carbamate prodrugs 3-aminopropylphosphinic acid and analogs thereof for treating diseases or disorders such as mild cognitive impairment, cognitive impairment associated with Alzheimer's disease Alzheimer's disease, depression, anxiety, and epilepsy are disclosed. Acyloxyalkyl carbamate prodrugs of 3-aminopropylphosphinic acid and analogs thereof, which are suitable for oral administration and sustained release oral dosage forms are also disclosed.

Abstract: The disclosure is generally directed to methods and compositions for modulating keratinocyte function, more particularly, to compositions and methods for normalizing keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, compositions and methods for modulating levels of phosphatidylglycerol (PG) in keratinocyes, and compositions and methods for treating skin conditions by modulating keratinocyte proliferation.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of liposomes, particularly liposomes based on soybean oil lecithins, for finishing textiles and fibers, a key aspect of the invention being that, besides a fiber-care effect, skin-friendly substances are transferred by liposome-finished fibers or textiles to the skin from those fibers or textiles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the methods for preparing synthetic guggulphospholipids, their fatty acid analogues and other bioactive molecules. The present invention relates to E-guggulsterone and Z-guggulsterone or mixture of E- and Z-guggulsterones. The present invention also provides a novel method for the preparation of E-guggulsterol and Z-guggulsterol or mixture of E- and Z-guggulsterols from a mixture of E- and Z-guggulsterones. The present invention further relates to guggulphospholipids and other bioactive molecules incorporated into complexes such as liposomes, complexes, emulsions, vesicles, micelles, and mixed micelles, which can include other active agents, such as hydrophobic or hydrophilic drugs for use, e.g., in treatment of human and animal diseases.

Abstract: The invention relates to thiophosphi(o)nic acid derivatives having formula (I) wherein. M is a [C(R3,R4)]n1-C(E,COOR1,N(H,Z)) group, or an optionally substituted Ar—CH(COOR1,N(H,Z)) group (Ar designating an aryl or an heteroaryl group), or an ?, ? cyclic aminoacid group such as, formula (II) or a ?, &ggr;-cyclic aminoacid group such as, formula (III).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an glucose uptake modulator, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the glucose uptake modulator, and a method of treating a diabetes or diabetic complications in a mammal in need thereof, which comprises administering to said mammal an effecting amount of a glucose uptake modulator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing an extract which is capable of inducing an antioxidant stress response comprising the step of treating an extract from organic material with UV light, said extract being derived from a non-mammalian cell or a non-mammalian organism and said cell or organism being capable of synthesizing polyunsaturated fatty acids. Furthermore, an extract capable of inducing an antioxidant stress response produced in accordance with the inventive methods, in particular an extract capable of inducing an antioxidant stress response for the preparation of a cosmetic composition is disclosed. The present invention also relates to a cosmetic composition comprising the inventive extract obtainable by the method provided herein.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel formulations and methods for the improved delivery and administration of hydrophobic therapeutic compounds that are substantially insoluble and/or susceptible to precipitation in aqueous solution at physiological pH, including, e.g., growth and differentiation factor-5 and related proteins. Many therapeutic compounds are hydrophobic at physiological pH levels.

Abstract: Compositions, methods, and apparatuses for treatment of subcutaneous fat tissue for the purpose of fat tissue reduction or other alterations of the subcutaneous fat tissue which affect the appearance of the overlying skin layer.

Abstract: A perfume-containing PIT emulsion which is suited to contribute to an excellent and long-lasting scenting of textiles during the use of a dryer. The PIT emulsion is simple for the user to handle and allows the user to better control the user's individual scent experience during the handling of textiles. The PIT emulsions can also be used for aroma therapy purposes and for the scenting of rooms. In addition, a kit made of detergents and the perfume-containing PIT emulsion, which enables the user to obtain optimal laundry scenting results.

Abstract: The present invention provides a phospholipid and a pharmaceutical composition comprising a phospholipid for use in the treatment of a wound by inducing hyaluronic acid secretion; and a method of treating a wound comprising the application of a phospholipid thereto.

Abstract: Provided are palatable liquid compositions that contain 2-aminoalkanes that have vasoconstrictor activity, and other additives, including taste-modifying agents. Also provided are methods for making and using the compositions to provide stimulant activity for increasing energy, alertness, endurance, and/or any other consequent physical manifestation of the vasoconstrictor activity.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of inhibiting allergen-induced airway CD1d activation by administering a composition containing a moiety that blocks CD1d activation. Methods of the invention are useful for treatment and prevention of air-way hyperactivity caused by an allergen, and results in the attenuation of CD1d-restricted immune responses, including treatment of hay fever and asthma are due to air-way hyperactivity, and for systemic administration to attenuate ongoing immune responses. Preferably, these compositions are in a form intended for administration via nasal passages or directly inhaled to the air-ways.