Abstract: The invention relates to the treatment and prevention of type I diabetes. More specifically, the invention relates to compounds that treat or prevent the body's immune system from destroying ?-cells (i.e., insulin-producing cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans) by inhibition of JNK2, selective inhibition of JNK2, or inhibition of the expression of the MAPK9 gene or gene product. In one embodiment, the present invention contemplates the diagnosis, identification, production, and use of compounds which modulate MAPK9 gene expression or the activity of the MAPK9 gene product including but not limited to, JNK2, the nucleic acid encoding MAPK9 and homologues, analogues, and deletions thereof, as well as antisense, ribozyme, triple helix, antibody, and polypeptide molecules as well as small inorganic molecules. The present invention contemplates a variety of pharmaceutical formulations and routes of administration for such compounds.

Abstract: This invention provides compounds of Formula 1, N-oxides and suitable salts thereof wherein R1 is Me, Cl, Br or F; R2 is F, Cl, Br, C1-C4 haloalkyl or C1-C4 haloalkoxy; R3 is F, Cl or Br; R4 is H; C1-C4 alkyl, C3-C4 alkenyl, C3-C4 alkynyl, C3-C5 cycloalkyl, or C4-C6 cycloalkylalkyl, each optionally substituted with one substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, SMe, S(O)Me, S(O)2Me, and OMe; R5 is H or Me; R6 is H, F or Cl; and R7 is H, F or Cl. Also disclosed are methods for controlling an invertebrate pest comprising contacting the invertebrate pest or its environment with a biologically effective amount of a compound of Formula 1, an N-oxide thereof or a suitable salt of the compound (e.g., as a composition described herein).

Abstract: The present invention pertains, at least in part, to novel 7-substituted tetracycline compounds. These tetracycline compounds can be used to treat numerous tetracycline compound-responsive states, such as bacterial infections and neoplasms, as well as other known applications for minocycline and tetracycline compounds in general, such as blocking tetracycline efflux and modulation of gene expression.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula (I) along with processes for their preparation that are useful for treating, managing and/or lessening the diseases, disorders, syndromes or conditions associated with the modulation of cannabinoid (CB) receptors. Methods of treating, managing and/or lessening the diseases, disorders, syndromes or conditions associated with the modulation of cannabinoid (CB) receptors of Formula (I).

Abstract: The invention relates to a sulfur-containing compound and the preparation thereof. The invention also relates to the uses of the sulfur-containing compound in inhibiting inducible nitric oxide synthase and/or cyclooxygenase-2 and in treating the diseases associated with inducible nitric oxide synthase and/or cyclooxygenase-2. This invention also describes a series of chemical analogues of the said sulfur-containing compound and the preparation of these compounds.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein, R1 is optionally substituted phenyl or optionally substituted pyridinyl, and R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 and R9 are as defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of using the compounds for treating diseases associated with P2X3 and/or a P2X2/3 receptor antagonists and methods of making the compounds.

Abstract: Screening methods for identifying compounds and compounds and pharmaceutical compositions for treating and preventing cancer are disclosed. The compounds affect signal transduction downstream of the MET receptor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of Formula I, or an isomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt and solvate of the compound, and to a composition comprising the compound of Formula I, or the isomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt and solvate thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluents. The present invention also relates to use of the compound of Formula I, or the isomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt and solvate thereof for combating apoptosis, preventing or treating a disease or disorder associated with apoptosis; and especially use for protecting cardiomyocyte, and for preventing or treating a disease or disorder associated with cardiomyocyte apoptosis.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to 2,5-disubstituted morpholine amide compounds which are antagonists of orexin receptors, and which are useful in the treatment or prevention of neurological and psychiatric disorders and diseases in which orexin receptors are involved. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and the use of these compounds and compositions in the prevention or treatment of such diseases in which orexin receptors are involved.

Abstract: Novel compounds of the general formula (I), having histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibiting enzymatic activity, their derivatives, analogs, tautomeric forms, stereoisomers, polymorphs, hydrates, solvates, intermediates, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutical compositions, metabolites and prodrugs thereof. The present invention more particularly provides novel compounds of the general formula (I). Also included is a method for treatment of cancer, psoriasis, proliferative conditions and conditions mediated by HDAC, in a mammal comprising administering an effective amount of a novel compound of formula (I).

Abstract: Disclosed is a fungicidal composition comprising (a) at least one compound selected from the compounds of Formula 1, N-oxides, and salts thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are as defined in the disclosure; and (b) at least one additional fungicidal compound. Also disclosed is a method for controlling plant diseases caused by fungal plant pathogens comprising applying to the plant or portion thereof, or to the plant seed, a fungicidally effective amount of a compound of Formula 1, an N-oxide, or salt thereof (e.g., as a component in the aforesaid composition). Also disclosed is a composition comprising: (a) at least one compound selected from the compounds of Formula 1 described above, N-oxides, and salts thereof; and at least one invertebrate pest control compound or agent.

Abstract: This invention provides, but is not limited to, novel oleanolic acid derivatives having the formula: wherein the variables are defined herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions, kits and articles of manufacture comprising such compounds, methods and intermediates useful for making the compounds, and methods of using the compounds and compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of Formula I, or an isomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt and solvate thereof; to a composition comprising a compound of Formula I, or an isomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt and solvate thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent; and also to use of a compound of Formula I, or an isomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt and solvate thereof for combating apoptosis, or preventing or treating a disease or disorder associated with apoptosis; and especially use for protecting cardiomyocyte, or preventing or treating a disease or disorder associated with cardiomyocyte apoptosis.

Abstract: The present invention provides biaryl oxyacetic acid compounds which may be useful for treating inflammatory disorders, including disorders affecting the respiratory system and skin.

Abstract: A method for enhancing learning or memory of both in a mammal having impaired learning or emory of both from a neuro-degenerative disorder, which entails the step of administering at least one compound or a salt thereof which is a ?1-adrenergic receptor agonist, partial agonist or receptor ligand in an amount effective to improve the learning or memory or both of said mammal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of at least one compound of formula (I) below: or at least one of the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, for the preparation of a medicament intended for the prevention or for the treatment of cerebral edemas.

Abstract: An object is to provide a CaSR agonist agent that has excellent CaSR agonist effects, and particularly, a pharmaceutical product that can prevent or remedy diabetes or obesity by the effect of CaSR activation. The aforementioned object is achieved by a composition that contains a compound represented by the following General Formula (I) or a salt thereof (refer to the Description for the definitions of the symbols used in the formula).

Abstract: Novel biaryl compounds with phosphodiesterase inhibitory activity of the general formula (I), wherein R1, R2, R3, X, Y, Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 have the meanings defined herein, as well as their use as therapeutic agents in the treatment of inflammatory diseases and conditions.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel class of compounds which are cysteine protease inhibitors, including but not limited to, inhibitors of cathepsins K, L, S and B. These compounds are useful for treating diseases in which inhibition of bone resorption is indicated, such as osteoporosis.

Abstract: Sulphones of formula (I) are disclosed for use in treatment of cancer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition having an excellent controlling activity on plant disease. The composition comprising the compound represented by the formula (1) and one or more carboxamide fungicidal compound selected from the group (A) shows an excellent controlling activity on a plant disease. Group (A): a group consisting of thifluzamide, oxadixyl, pencycuron, benalaxyl-M, fenhexamid, furametpyr, isopyrazam, isotianil, mepronil, tecloftalam, boscalid, fluopyram, fluopicolide, carpropamid, diclocymet, mandipropamid, dimethomorph, flumorph, penthiopyrad, and bixafen.

Abstract: This document discloses molecules having the following formula (“Formula One”): and processes associated therewith.

Abstract: The present application is related to deuterated compounds which are novel neurotrophin mimetics. The application also discloses the treatment of disorders involving degradation or dysfunction of cells expressing p75 in a mammal by administering an effective amount of such deuterated compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to thiazolidinedione analogues and pharmaceutical compositions that are useful for treating and/or preventing obesity or diabetes, optionally in combination with a second treatment therapy such a diet restriction or an increase in duration or exertion in physical activity.

Abstract: Described herein are 4-methyl-piperazine-1-carbothioic acid amide derivatives and analogs, as well as compositions containing the same, for the treatment or prophylaxis of viral infections and diseases associated therewith, particularly those viral infections and associated diseases caused by hemorrhagic fever viruses, such as Arenaviruses.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pesticide composition intended for protecting plants, crops or seeds against phyto-pathogenic fungi or damaging insects, and the corresponding methods of treatment using the said composition. More precisely, the subject of the present invention is a pesticide composition based on propamocarb-HCl, an insecticide active substance and optionally a further fungicide active substance.

Abstract: A composition includes an agricultural component in an amount of at least about 27% by weight and a solvent composition in an amount not greater than about 55% by weight. The solvent composition includes an amide having a structure of Formula I: wherein R1 comprises a C3 to C15 hydrocarbon group, and wherein R2 and R3 comprise a C1 or higher hydrocarbon group.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a group of aryl ureas in treating cytokine mediated diseases and proteolytic enzyme mediated diseases, and pharmaceutical compositions for use in such therapy.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds which directly inhibit IRE-1? activity in vitro, prodrugs, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Such compounds and prodrugs are useful for treating diseases associated with the unfolded protein response and can be used as single agents or in combination therapies.

Abstract: A composition comprising fenamidone (a) and an insecticide compound (b) in a (a)/(b) weight ratio of from 1/1000 to 1000/1. A composition further comprising an additional fungicidal compound. A method for preventively or curatively combating the pests and diseases of crops by using this composition.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel C4-monomethyl triterpenoid compounds and derivatives thereof, including those of the formula: wherein the variables are defined herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions, kits and articles of manufacture comprising such compounds. Methods and intermediates useful for making the compounds, and methods of using the compounds, for example as antioxidant inflammation modulators, and compositions thereof are also provided.

Abstract: Methods and compounds effective in ameliorating conditions characterized by unwanted calcium channel activity, particularly unwanted N-type and/or T-type calcium channel activity, are disclosed. Specifically, a series of compounds containing aryl sulphone derivatives, as exemplified by Formula (I).

Abstract: The invention relates to naphthalene derivatives as well as their pharmaceutically acceptable salts. The invention further relates to a process for the preparation of such compounds. The compounds of the invention are glycine B antagonists and are therefore useful for the control and prevention of various disorders, including neurological disorders.

Abstract: This invention provides, but is not limited to, novel oleanolic acid derivatives having the formula: wherein the variables are defined herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions, kits and articles of manufacture comprising such compounds, methods and intermediates useful for making the compounds, and methods of using the compounds and compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to new compounds of the formula I to their use as medicaments, to methods for their therapeutic use and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: The invention relates to new compounds of the formula I to their use as medicaments, to methods for their therapeutic use and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: The invention relates to substituted phenoxyacetic acids of formula (I), where the variables are as defined in claim 1, as useful pharmaceutical compounds for treating respiratory disorders, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and processes for their preparation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pesticide composition intended for protecting plants, crops or seeds against phyto-pathogenic fungi or damaging insects, and the corresponding methods of treatment using the said composition. More precisely, the subject of the present invention is a pesticide composition based on propamocarb-HCl, an insecticide active substance and optionally a further fungicide active substance.

Abstract: This invention provides a composition comprising a biologically effective amount of a compound of Formula 1, an N-oxide or an agriculturally suitable salt thereof wherein R1, R2, R3, R4a, R4b and R5 are as defined in the disclosure, and an effective amount of at least one fungicide.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of structural formulas (I), (VII) and (XI): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, or prodrug thereof, wherein X1, X2, X3, Y, Z, L, R1, R2, R3, R18 and n are defined herein. These compounds are useful as immunosuppressive agents and for treating and preventing inflammatory conditions, allergic disorders, and immune disorders.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (1) wherein R1 is optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted pyridyl or optionally substituted indolyl; R2 is (CH2)n wherein n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; R3 is (CH2)mR3A wherein m is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, and R3A is methyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, OCH3, OH, optionally substituted phenoxy, C?CH, C?N, optionally substituted phenyl, furanyl or thienyl; A is a ring containing X1 with the meaning O, S, NH, N(CH3) or CH2; and X2 is O, S or NH; and a compound of formula (2) wherein R4 is optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted pyridyl, optionally substituted indolyl, —NR7R8; or —NH—N?CH—R9; and substituents R5 to R9 have the meanings indicated in the description, in particular ethionamide. The pharmaceutical composition is useful, e.g., in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.

Abstract: Prodrugs of methyl hydrogen fumarate, pharmaceutical compositions comprising prodrugs of methyl hydrogen fumarate, and methods of using prodrugs of methyl hydrogen fumarate and pharmaceutical compositions thereof for treating diseases such as psoriasis, asthma, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and arthritis are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fungicidal mixtures comprising, as active components, 1) azolylmethyloxiranes of the general formula I wherein the variables have the meanings described in the application, 2) a fungicidal compound II, and 3) optionally a further fungicidal compound II, where the compounds II of components 2 and 3 independently of one another are selected from the group consisting of the compounds described in the application, with the proviso that components 2 and 3 are not identical, and to the use of the fungicidal mixtures for controlling phytopathogenic fungi and to the compositions comprising them.

Abstract: Prodrugs of methyl hydrogen fumarate, pharmaceutical compositions comprising prodrugs of methyl hydrogen fumarate, and methods of using prodrugs of methyl hydrogen fumarate and pharmaceutical compositions thereof for treating diseases such as psoriasis, asthma, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and arthritis are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds represented by structural formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a transition metal chelate, coordinate or complex thereof or a transition metal chelate, coordinate or complex of a deprotonated form of the compound. Pharmaceutical composition and method of use for these compounds are also included.

Abstract: Chemical entities which are triterpenoid derivatives, pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treatment of inflammatory, neurodegenerative, neoplastic and autoimmune diseases are described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to renin inhibitor compounds having the structure and their use in treating cardiovascular events and renal insufficiency.

Abstract: [Problem] A compound which is useful as an anti-obesity agent is provided. [Means for Solution] The present inventors have investigated a compound having a DGAT1 inhibitory action, which is promising as an active ingredient of a pharmaceutical composition for treating obesity, type II diabetes mellitus, fatty liver, and diseases associated with these diseases, and as a result, they have found that the diacylethylenediamine compound of the present invention has an excellent DGAT1 inhibitory action, thereby completing the present invention. That is, the diacylethylenediamine compound of the present invention has a DGAT1 inhibitory action, and can be therefore used as an agent for preventing and/or treating obesity, type II diabetes mellitus, fatty liver, and diseases associated with these diseases.

Abstract: The present invention concerns novel pharmaceutically active triterpene derivatives, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same, their use as medicaments, and the use of the compounds for the manufacture of specific medicaments. The present invention also concerns a method of treatment involving administration of the compounds. Specifically, the compounds are derivatives of betulinic acid having substitutions at one or more of the C-3, C2-8 and C-19 positions as further described herein. The novel compounds are useful as antiretroviral agents. In particular, the novel compounds are useful for the treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).

Abstract: The present invention describes a series of therapeutically active compounds of formula I, X—Y—Z??(I) that are useful for treating a disorder in a mammal. In the formula I, X and Z, which may be same or different, are independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group or substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclylalkyl; and Y is a linker selected from —O—, —S—, —NH—, —(CH2)n—, —CO—, —CONRa—, —NRaCO—, —NRaCOO—, —COO—, —CONRaCO—, —CONRaCOO— and —COOCOO—.