Abstract: Disclosed herein is a hydrophilic foam. The hydrophilic foam includes a polyurethane matrix having a plurality of cells. The cells are capable of retaining water in an amount of least about 8 grams of water per gram of the hydrophilic foam.

Abstract: The use of 7-ter-butoxyiminomethylcamptothecin is described in the preparation of a medicament useful for the treatment of uterine neoplasms, particularly cancer of the endometrium and of the neck of the womb.

Abstract: The invention relates to the film products and methods of their preparation that demonstrate a non-self-aggregating uniform heterogeneity. Desirably, the films disintegrate in water and may be formed by a controlled drying process, or other process that maintains the required uniformity of the film. The films contain a polymer component, which includes polyethylene oxide optionally blended with hydrophilic cellulosic polymers. Desirably, the films also contain a pharmaceutical and/or cosmetic active agent with no more than a 10% variance of the active agent pharmaceutical and/or cosmetic active agent per unit area of the film.

Abstract: An anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic antioxidant formulation for treatment of hepatic oxidative stress and cirrhosis is disclosed. The antioxidant formulation can further include at least one of a hepatitis C virus-specific or a non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-specific formulation comprising one or more compounds to retard the progression of liver fibrosis and possibly reverse an established fibrosis. Methods of treatment or therapies for treating chronic liver disease and chronic hepatitis are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and formulations for optimizing the anti-cancer and anti-HIV activities of a camptothecin drug, including camptothecin and its related analogs including 9-aminocamptothecin and 9-nitrocamptothecin. The invention involves methodologies and formulations that limit human serum albumin-mediated reduction of the anti-cancer and anti-HIV effects of the camptothecins, and the methods and formulations provide combination therapies in which binding of the camptothecin agent to human serum albumin can be modulated by the administration of a competing agent that also binds human serum albumin. Reduced camptothecin drug binding to human serum albumin can result in elevated camptothecin free drug levels and thus improve the effectiveness of treatment regimens involving these drugs. Further agents such as methotrexate and AZT can also be used in cancer and HIV-positive patients employing camptothecin drugs.

Abstract: This invention provides unique and advantageous formulations and methods for weight loss.

Abstract: Isocarbostyril alkaloid derivatives having an anti-proliferative and anti-migratory activities are disclosed. In particular, compounds of formula (I) or (II), as well as stereoisomers, tautomers, racemates, prodrugs, metabolites thereof, pharmaceutically acceptable salt and/or solvate are encompassed which are useful in the treatment and prophylaxis of cancer. Methods of preparation are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and compositions that can be used to promote bone and joint health through amelioration, stabilization and repair of damage associated with various pathophysiological conditions are disclosed.

Abstract: The instant disclosure describes methods for treating diseases and conditions of the central and peripheral nervous system by stimulating or increasing neurogenesis. The disclosure includes compositions and methods based on use of a 5HTR agent, optionally in combination with one or more other neurogenic agents, to stimulate or activate the formation of new nerve cells.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of use thereof for the treatment of psoriasis and related skin ailments are disclosed. The compositions include topical skin formulations of glucosamine in an emollient base such as moisturizing cream. In addition to glucosamine, the formulations may include keratolytic substances such as coal tar extract or salicylic acid. The formulations may also include glucosamine and antioxidant anti-inflammatory herbal extracts such as oleuropein and berberine in an emollient base.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease are described. More specifically, the invention demonstrates that administration of cardiovascular agents to a mammal suffering from the symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease causes an amelioration of those symptoms. The finding of the present invention can be used in treatment regimens designed to attenuate or prevent Alzheimer's Disease.

Abstract: A group of novel phenanthroindolizidine alkaloid compounds as shown and their use in treating cancer. Also disclosed are methods of using phenanthroindolizidine alkoid compounds in suppressing NO and TNF-? production, inhibiting MEKK1 activity and cyclooxygenase II expression, and treating NO-related disorders.

Abstract: A therapeutic agent for sepsis and various symptoms accompanying sepsis (such as septic shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, adult respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction) is disclosed. The therapeutic agent for sepsis according to the present invention comprises as an effective ingredient an opioid ? receptor agonist compound such as (?)-17-(cyclopropylmethyl)-3,14?-dihydroxy-4,5?-epoxy-6?[N-methyl-trans-3-(3-furyl)acrylamide] oxide derivative. The opioid ? receptor agonist compound may be administered as it is or in the form of a pharmaceutical composition prepared by mixing the compound with a known pharmaceutically acceptable acid, carrier or vehicle orally or parenterally.

Abstract: A method for treatment of depression and depressive mood disorders. The patient is administered an amount of a compound that increases the catalytic activity of MAO-A, so as to increase synaptic metabolism of serotonin to 5-HIAL. The effective compound is preferably reserpine, administered in a dosage of less than about 0.03 mg per day. The reserpine may be administered transdermally at a dosage in the range from about 0.002 mg per day to about 0.02 mg per day. A caffeine compound may be administered simultaneously so as to compensate for an antihypertensive effect of the reserpine. The caffeine compound may be combined with the reserpine in a transdermal cream.

Abstract: Compounds are provided that act as potent antagonists of the CCR2 receptor. Animal testing demonstrates that these compounds are useful for treating inflammation, a hallmark disease for CCR2. The compounds are generally aryl sulfonamide derivatives and are useful in pharmaceutical compositions, methods for the treatment of CCR2-mediated diseases, and as controls in assays for the identification of CCR2 antagonists.

Abstract: A cancer is evaluated for selection of appropriate therapy by evaluating a sample of cancerous tissue to determine an expression of level of phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted from chromosome 10 (PTEN); and in the case where the expression level of functional PTEN is below a threshold level, identifying the cancer as susceptible to an active agent that inhibits the expression of heat shock protein 27 (hsp27). The evaluation may be included as part of a method of treatment, in which an hsp27 inhibitor is selected as a therapeutic agent when the PTEN level is below the threshold.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of formula I or formula II: wherein: the bond represented by is a single bond or a double bond, and R1-R5, X, and Y have any of the meanings defined in the specification and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of formula I or II, processes for preparing compounds of formula I or II, intermediates useful for preparing compounds of formula I or II, and therapeutic methods for treating cancer and other topoisomerase related conditions using compounds of formula I or II.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of formula I: wherein A, B, W, Y, Z, and R1 have any of the meanings defined in the specification and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of formula I, processes for preparing compounds of formula I, intermediates useful for preparing compounds of formula I, and therapeutic methods for treating cancer using compounds of formula I.

Abstract: A compound of formula I, wherein X, Z, R1 to R10, R15, R16, m, n, r and t are as defined in claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof, useful as an alpha-2 antagonist. The compounds of formula I can be used for the treatment of diseases or conditions where antagonists of alpha-2 adrenoceptors are indicated to be effective.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to weight loss compositions and more particularly to orally administrable weight loss compositions for supporting weight loss in a subject in need thereof. Specifically, the present invention relates to compositions and methods comprising various combinations of orlistat and substances selected from methylxanthines, extracts of Morus sp., chromium polynicotinate, hydroxycitric acid or derivatives of hydroxycitric acid, flavanols, and yohimbine or derivatives of yohimbine.

Abstract: Provided are compounds of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof. The compounds and compositions are useful for treating viral infections caused by the Flaviviridae family of viruses.

Abstract: A drug composition for treating type 2 diabetes and diabetic chronicity complications is disclosed. The composition is composed of mangiferin and berberine in a certain ratio.

Abstract: The invention discloses novel sulfur-containing naphthalimide derivatives, and the preparation and uses thereof. The conjugated plane of naphthalimide derivatives of the invention is enlarged by incorporating 5-or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring and/or introducing S heteroatom, thus increasing the anti-tumor activity of naphthalimide. The compounds of the invention displays significant inhibiting activities to the proliferation of various tumor cells such as human lung cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, leucocythemia and the like. The inhibition of cell proliferation is dose-dependent.

Abstract: Selective phosphorylation of phenpanstatin (3a) with tetrabutylammonium dihydrogen phosphate and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide in pyridine followed by cation exchange chromatographic procedures was found to provide an efficient route to a new series (3b-3d) of promising 3,4-O-cyclic phosphate prodrugs designated phenpanstatin phosphates. Application of analogous reaction conditions to pancratistatin (1a) led to a mixture of monophosphate derivatives where sodium pancratistatin 4-O-phosphate (4a) was isolated and the structure confirmed by x-ray crystallography. Modification of the reaction conditions allowed direct phosphorylation of pancratistatin followed by cation exchange chromatography to afford sodium pancratistatin 3,4-O-cyclic phosphate (5b) which was selected for preclinical development.

Abstract: Pseudobase benzo[c]phenanthridines and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof of Formula I are provided herein. The variables R, R1, R2, R3, and R4 are defined herein. Certain pseudobase benzo[c]phenanthridines provided herein act as prodrugs, targeting the parent benzo[c]phenanthridinium alkaloid to hydrophilic or hydrophobic regions in the body. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising a pseudobase benzo[c]phenanthridine and a carrier, excipient, or diluent are provided herein. Methods of treating or preventing microbial, fungal and or viral infections and methods of treating diseases and disorders responsive to protein kinase C modulation, topoisomerase I, and/or topoisomerase II modulation are also provided.

Abstract: The prodrug of the invention is a modified form of a therapeutic agent and comprises a therapeutic agent, an oligopeptide, a stabilizing group and, optionally, a linker group. The prodrug is cleavable by the enzyme Thimet oligopeptidase, or TOP. Also disclosed are methods of designing prodrugs by utilizing TOP-cleavable sequences within the conjugate and methods of treating patients with prodrugs of the invention.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of formula I: wherein A, B, W, Y, Z, and R1 have any of the meanings defined in the specification and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of formula I, processes for preparing compounds of formula I, intermediates useful for preparing compounds of formula I, and therapeutic methods for treating cancer using compounds of formula I.

Abstract: A method for treating a subject suffering cancer, comprising administering an effective amount of berberine or its acid or ester derivates to the subject in need of such treatment, and radiating the cancer of the subject.

Abstract: The present invention includes methods, articles, compositions and colorant dyes and pigments that include biocidal N-halamine dye composition having two or more heterocyclic ring structures attached to one or more N-halamine groups, wherein one or more halogens associate with the one or more one or more N-halamine groups to affect biocidal activity.

Abstract: Compounds from 14 Kenyan plants, including from the root of Dovyalis abyssinica and Clutia robusta have been characterized and isolated, and their uses are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is related methods of delivering MBD peptide-linked agents into live cells. The methods described herein comprise contacting MBD peptide-linked agents to live cells under a condition of cellular stress. The methods of the invention may be used for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes.

Abstract: Compositions comprising extracts or isolated or purified compounds from plants of the genus Corydalis provide prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hepatic steatosis, and metabolic syndrome. Corydalis compounds and their derivatives of natural and synthetic origins lower total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides and increase hepatic LDL receptor expression and activate AMP-activated protein kinase. Specific stereoisomers of Corydalis compounds with lipid lowering activity include 14R-(+)-corypalmine, 14R,13S-(+)-corydaline, 14R-(+)-tetrahydropalmatin, (+)-corlumidin, d-(+)-bicuculline, and (+)-egenine.

Abstract: Disclosed are neuroblastoma tumor-initiating cell inhibiting compositions comprising chemical entities capable of affecting neuroblastoma tumor-initiating cells. Pharmaceutical preparations that include these chemical entities are also provided for the treatment of neuroblastoma. These pharmaceutical preparations are suitable for the treatment of humans, and are particularly suited for the treatment of children of 12 years of age or younger having neuroblastoma. The compositions and pharmaceutical preparations posses reduced normal cell cytotoxicity. The compositions and pharmaceutical preparations may be used alone or together with other conventional neuroblastoma preparations as part of a clinical regimen in the treatment and management of neuroblastoma.

Abstract: Yohimbine derivatives are disclosed having modification of the C-16 carboxyl group to include a sidechain and where the resulting derivative does not possess a second yohimbine pharmacophore (i.e., the compound is not a yohimbine dimer). The yohimbine derivatives of the present invention are preferably characterized by selective activity as ?2c-AR antagonists. Use of the compounds, or pharmaceutical composition containing them, for treating or preventing an ?2c adrenergic receptor mediated condition or disorder, and for antagonizing activity of an ?2c adrenergic receptor are also disclosed.

Abstract: Aging is associated with deficiencies in the prefrontal cortex, including working memory impairment, and compromised integrity of neuronal dendrites. The role of Protein Kinase C(PKC) in age-related prefrontal cortical impairments had not been previously determined. The inventors provides evidence that PKC activity is associated with prefrontal cortical dysfunction in aging. The inventors provide methods of reversing the effects of prefrontal cortical decline, improving cognition, and improving working memory in aged subjects by providing a phenanthridinium alkaloid or closely related compound to the subject. The inventors found chelerythrine reversed working memory impairments in aged rats and enhanced working memory in aged rhesus monkeys. Improvement correlated with age, with older monkeys demonstrating a greater degree of improvement following PKC inhibition.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of the invention pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention, processes for preparing compounds of the invention, intermediates useful for preparing compounds of the invention, and therapeutic methods for treating cancer and other topoisomerase mediated conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds having Formula I: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, A, and B are as defined herein, for use in methods for treating, preventing or ameliorating hyperproliferative disorders, such as cancer and other diseases and conditions. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions and formulations comprising a compound having Formula I, and in combination with one or more other active agents and/or treatments.

Abstract: It is demonstrated in the present invention that G-quadruplex ligands can be used to both shorten telomeres and inhibit telomerase by causing telomere uncapping. The invention relates to compositions and methods of treating cancer stem cells comprising the administration of G-quadruplex ligands, such as 3,11-difluoro-6,8,13-trimethyl-8H-quino[4,3,2-kl]acridinium methosulfate (RHPS4), which can effectively inhibit or reduce the growth of cancer stem cells. The invention also relates to a synergistic effect in inhibiting or reducing the growth cancer stem cells when a G-quadruplex ligand is combined with a mitotic spindle poison, such as paclitaxel, or other agents used in the treatment of cancer and disease. The invention also relates to RHPS4 inducing non-cancerous cell and non-cancerous stem cell proliferation.

Abstract: A process is provided for the preparation of camptothecin derivatives, such as irinotecan, in a one-pot operation.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical solution is capable of being ejected from a thermal fluid ejection device onto a substrate. The solution includes a vehicle with predetermined properties, and an active pharmaceutical ingredient with a solubility of at least about 30 mg/ml in the vehicle. The vehicle substantially evaporates from the substrate.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting microbial growth comprises administering an effective amount of a silver complex of a N-heterocyclic amine. A method for treating cancer cells or a method for imaging one or more tissues of a patient includes administering an effective amount of a complex of a N-heterocyclic amine and a radioactive metal. N-heterocyclic carbenes of the present invention may be represented by formula (I) wherein Z is a heterocyclic group, and R1 and R2 are, independently or in combination, hydrogen or a C1-C12 organic group selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heterocyclic, and alkoxy groups and substituted derivatives thereof.

Abstract: Methods and compositions that can be used to promote bone and joint health through amelioration, stabilization and repair of damage associated with various pathophysiological conditions are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention discloses novel sulfur-containing naphthalimide derivatives, and the preparation and uses thereof. The conjugated plane of naphthalimide derivatives of the invention is enlarged by incorporating 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring and/or introducing S heteroatom, thus increasing the anti-tumor activity of naphthalimide. The compounds of the invention displays significant inhibiting activities to the proliferation of various tumor cells such as human lung cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, leucocythemia and the like. The inhibition of cell proliferation is dose-dependent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for preventing at least one plant disease resulted from infection of plant pathogens and a method for preparing the same. Particularly, the composition contains extract of at least one plant selected from the group consisting of Coptis chinensis Franch., Phellodendron genus plant, Sanguinaria canadensis and Chelidonium majus var. asiaticum which are natural plants having anti-plant pathogen activity or berberine which is purified therefrom. The composition of the present invention can be effectively used for preventing disease pathogens such as plant powdery mildew, anthracnose of pepper, damping-off of cucumber and gray mold rot of strawberry resulted from infection of plant pathogens such as Colletrotrichum gloeosporiodes, Pythium ultimum or Botrytis cinerea.

Abstract: A method for decreasing nicotine and other substance use in humans is disclosed. Tetrahydroberberine (THB) and its analogs, l-Tetrahydropalmatine (l-THP) and l-Stepholidine (l-SPD), are present in and can be isolated from several plants in the Magnoliidae superorder. According to the disclosed method, THB and its analogs are used to block nicotine-induced DA release, and modulate heterologous or homoeric expression of human nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) in humans. Specifically, THB exhibits bi-directory modulation of ?4?2-nAChR-mediated currents induced by nicotine. THB also shows predominant inhibition on homologously expressed ?7-nAChR function. Thus, according to the disclosed method, THB is used to simultaneous blockade midbrain DA system function, the brain reward center, and neuronal ?4?2- and ?7-nAChR function, the major nicotine targets in the brain. Therefore, THB and its analogs serve as a novel class of natural compounds to decrease nicotine dependence in humans.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for improved methods for treating pain, including pain associated with chronic inflammatory diseases, neuropathic pain and cancer by using ?-adrenergic antagonists and ?-adrenergic agonists (particularly ?2-adrenergic agonists) alone or in combination.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions for enhancing and/or impairing memory in animals, including humans by the administration of an effective amount of an atypical form of protein kinase C such as protein kinase M zeta (PKM?) and/or a PKM?, inhibitor.

Abstract: Nanoparticles made from a select group of lipids and optionally containing a therapeutically active agent are employed in pharmaceutical compositions for delivery to targeted tissues and/or cells for the treatment or diagnosis of such diseases as cancer.

Abstract: The present invention is related methods of delivering MBD peptide-linked agents into live cells. The methods described herein comprise contacting MBD peptide-linked agents to live cells under a condition of cellular stress. The methods of the invention may be used for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes.

Abstract: The invention features bioactive compounds obtainable from goldenseal and methods of use of such compounds in reducing lipid (at least one of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, free fatty acids, or triglycerides) in a patient having or suspected of having hyperlipidemia.