Abstract: Methods of reversing local anesthesia are disclosed. The methods comprise administering a local anesthetic and alpha adrenergic receptor agonist to induce local anesthesia followed by reversing anesthesia with a low dose of an alpha adrenergic receptor antagonist. Also disclosed are kits comprising a local anesthetic, an alpha adrenergic receptor agonist and a low dose of an alpha adrenergic receptor antagonist.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel 3-substituted quinuclidine derivatives, which are found to be cholinergic ligands at the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and modulators of the monoamine receptors and transporters.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a CYP2D6 inhibitor in combination with a drug having CYP2D6 catalyzed metabolism, wherein the drug and the CYP2D6 inhibitor are not the same compound; and pharmaceutical compositions for said use.

Abstract: The present invention discloses novel cholinergic receptor ligands. The present invention also relates to the synthesis of substituted derivatives of aza-bridged bicyclic amines for use as muscarinic receptor ligands as well as methods of regulating function of certain cholinergic receptors, and hence acting as antagonists, agonists and partial agonists at certain specific cholinergic receptor subtypes. The present invention also relates to methods for treating disorders associated with cholinergic receptors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to bicylic derivatives for treating or preventing neuronal damage associated with neurological diseases. The invention also provides compositions comprising the compounds of the present invention and methods of utilizing those compositions for treating or preventing neuronal damage.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a CYP2D6 inhibitor in combination with a drug having CYP2D6 catalyzed metabolism, wherein the drug and the CYP2D6 inhibitor are not the same compound; and pharmaceutical compositions for said use.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula I wherein A represents: D represents oxygen, or sulfur and R1, R2 and R3 are as defined in the specification, enantiomers thereof, pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof, processes for preparing them, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in therapy, especially in the treatment or prophylaxis of psychotic disorders and intellectual impairment disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 3-substituted-2-(arylalkyl)-1-azabicycloalkanes, methods of preparing the compounds and methods of treatment using the compounds. The azabicycloalkanes generally are azabicycloheptanes, azabicyclooctanes, or azabicyclononanes. The aryl group in the arylalkyl moiety is a 5- or 6-membered ring heteroaromatic, preferably 3-pyridinyl and 5-pyrimidinyl moieties, and the alkyl group is typically a C1-4 alkyl. The substituent at the 3-position of the 1-azabicycloalkane is a carbonyl group-containing moiety, such as an amide, carbamate, urea, thioamide, thiocarbamate, thiourea or similar functionality. The compounds exhibit activity at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), particularly the &agr;7 nAChR subtype, and are useful towards modulating neurotransmission and the release of ligands involved in neurotransmission.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of Formula I: 1

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of Formula I: 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to bicylic derivatives for treating or preventing neuronal damage associated with neurological diseases. The invention also provides compositions comprising the compounds of the present invention and methods of utilizing those compositions for treating or preventing neuronal damage.

Abstract: A diversity of inflammatory diseases can be treated via local delivery to the patient of a composition containing a therapeutically effective amount of an anti-malarial agent. In a preferred embodiment of the method of the invention, a pulmonary inflammatory condition, such as asthma, is treated by inhalation of an aerosolized anti-malarial agent, such as hydroxychloroquine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a combination of a nicotinamide derivative and tiotropium or a derivative thereof, compositions containing it and the uses of, such a combination. The combination according to the present invention is useful in numerous diseases, disorders and conditions, in particular inflammatory, allergic and respiratory diseases, disorders and conditions.

Abstract: Cancers, particularly solid tumors (e.g., breast, colon and ovarian cancers) and cancers of the hematologic system, e.g.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for purifying, identifying and using optically active isomers of quinine and quinidine as well as compositions comprising such optically active isomers. Such optically active isomers having desired actions on cardiac sodium and potassium channel function substantially separable from undesirable effects on GI motility can be useful for more effective therapy of cardiac arrhythmias. Also disclosed are methods for assaying the levels of such isomers present in the biological fluids.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of Formula I:

Abstract: Compounds of formula I wherein A represents: and R, R1, R2, R3 and R4 are as defined in the specification, pharmaceutically-cceptable salts thereof, processes for preparing them, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in therapy, especially in the treatment or prophylaxis of psychotic disorders and intellectual impairment disorders.

Abstract: The invention describes novel nitric oxide donors and novel compositions comprising at least one nitric oxide donor. The invention also provides novel compositions comprising at least one nitric oxide donor, and, optionally, at least one therapeutic agent. The compounds and compositions of the invention can also be bound to a matrix. The invention also provides methods for treating cardiovascular diseases, for the inhibition of platelet aggregation and platelet adhesion caused by the exposure of blood to a medical device, for treating pathological conditions resulting from abnormal cell proliferation; transplantation rejections, autoimmune, inflammatory, proliferative, hyperproliferative, vascular diseases; for reducing scar tissue or for inhibiting wound contraction, particularly the prophylactic and/or therapeutic treatment of restenosis by administering the nitric oxide donor optionally in combination with at least one therapeutic agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to new heterocyclic compounds of general formula (I), and their salts with a base or an acid: 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel fluoroalkoxybenzylamino derivatives of nitrogen containing heterocyclic compounds, and specifically, to compounds of the formula 1

Abstract: Patients susceptible to or suffering from disorders, such as central nervous system disorders, which are characterized by an alteration in normal neurotransmitter release, such as dopamine release (e.g., Parkinsonism, Parkinson's Disease, Tourette's Syndrome, attention deficient disorder, or schizophrenia) are treated by administering an endo or exo form of a 1-aza-2-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, a 1-aza-2-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo [2.2.2]octane, a 1-aza-2-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane, a 1-aza-7-(3-pyridyl) bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, a 1-aza-3-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane, or a 1-aza-7-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of formula (I) wherein n, A, R1, R2 and R3 are as defined in the description, and the preparation thereof. The compounds of formula (I) are useful as pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel aminomethylene substituted non-aromatic heterocycles and, specifically, to compounds of formula (Ia) or (Ib) wherein W, R1, R2, R3, A, X′, Y′ and Z′ are as defined in the specification, and to intermediates used in the syntheses of such compounds. The novel compounds of formulae (Ia) and (Ib) are useful in the treatment of inflammatory and central nervous system disorders, as well as other disorders.

Abstract: The present invention comprises compounds, compositions thereof, and methods capable of delivering inositol hexaphospahte (IHP) to the cytoplasm of mammalian cells. In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to compounds, compositions thereof, and methods that enhance the ability of mammalian red blood cells to deliver oxygen, by delivering IHP to the cytoplasm of the red blood cells.

Abstract: Novel medicinal compositions aiming at delivering a medicine to a specific site of the large intestine; and preparations for intestinal administration with the use of the same. Namely, medicinal compositions, whereby a medicine can be delivered to a specific site of the large intestine, characterized by containing a P-glycoprotein modifier; and preparations for intestinal administration with the use of the same.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a CYP2D6 inhibitor in combination with a drug having CYP2D6 catalyzed metabolism, wherein the drug and the CYP2D6 inhibitor are not the same compound; and pharmaceutical compositions for said use.

Abstract: The present invention relates, in general, to quinone reductase 2 (QR2) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), and, in particular, to methods of screening compounds for their ability to modulate the activity of QR2 and/or ALDH and thereby to function as anti-malarial, anti-arthritic and/or anti-lupus agents. The invention further relates to the use of compounds that inhibit ALDH in the production of stem cells en masse.

Abstract: The present invention provides an excellent squalene synthesizing enzyme inhibitor. Specifically, it provides a compound (I) represented by the following formula, a salt thereof or a hydrate of them.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of Formula I: These compounds may be in the form of pharmaceutical salts or compositions, and racemic mixtures or pure enantiomers thereof. The compounds of Formula I are useful in pharmaceuticals in which &agr;7 is known to be involved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of treating abnormal anxiety behavior in companion animals comprising administering to a companion animal in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of an NK-1 receptor antagonist.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists in the treatment of nonconstipated female IBS patients.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for relieving pelvic pain or infertility associated with uterine dysrhythmia. The composition includes a locally-administered anti-dysrhythmic treating agent and a bioadhesive extended-release carrier. The composition may be delivered in an extended release formulation that includes a bioadhesive, water-swellable, water-insoluble, cross-linked polycarboxylic acid polymer, such as polycarbophil. The treating agent may be a local anesthetic, such as lidocaine. The invention also relates to a method of treating or preventing pelvic pain, or treating or improving infertility, by inserting a mixture of an anti-dysrhythmic treating agent and a bioadhesive carrier into the vagina of the patient to be treated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of treating various CNS and other disorders by adminstering fluoroalkoxybenzylamino derivatives of nitrogen containing heterocyclic compounds, and specifically, by administering compounds of the formula 1

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds of the general formula (1): 1

Abstract: Methods of lowering the levels of A&bgr;40, A&bgr;42 and tau protein in a mammal comprising administering to the mammal an effective amount of talsaclidine, or a physiologically acceptable acid addition salt thereof, and methods of treating diseases associated with the formation of diffuse and senile plaques or A&bgr;40-, A&bgr;42- and tau-containing plaques are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of cilansetron for the treatment of non-obstipative male IBS patients.

Abstract: The present invention relates compounds of the formula (I): wherein X represents hydrogen or a C1-4alkyl group optionally substituted by a hydroxy group; Y represents hydrogen, C1-6alkyl or C3-7cycloalkyl; Z is —CR9R10CH2— or —CH2CR9R10—; R represents hydrogen, fluorine, hydroxy, C1-6alkyl or C1-6alkoxy; and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are as defined herein. The compounds are of particular use in the treatment of depression, anxiety, pain, inflammation, migraine, emesis or postherpetic neuralgia.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with the use of 5HT3 antagonists for promoting intestinal lavage, especially in combination with an osmotic agent.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of Formula I: 1

Abstract: A new method is described for the treatment of cancer. The method utilizes two main parts. The first part is Soma, a healing herb described in the Rig Veda, the sacred scriptures of the Hindus. The second part is a composite of plant-derived substances and a mineral. When they are administered to cancer patients following the recommended therapeutic regimen, regression of the cancer results.

Abstract: A compound according to formula (I) 1

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of Formula I: 1

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions include aryl substituted amine compounds, and in particular, carbon-linked aromatic azabicyclo compounds, and in particular, aromatic alkylene azabicyclo compounds and aromatic alkyl azabicyclo compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing cinchonine dihydrochloride as active ingredient with a purity of at least 95%. The invention also relates to a process for preparing cinchonine dihydrochloride from cinchonine and the use of pharmaceutical compositions containing cinchonine dihydrochloride for treating multiple drug resistance.

Abstract: Patients susceptible to or suffering from disorders, such as central nervous system disorders, which are characterized by an alteration in normal neurotransmitter release, such as dopamine release (e.g., Parkinsonism, Parkinson's Disease, Tourette's Syndrome, attention deficient disorder, or schizophrenia) are treated by administering an endo or exo form of a 1-aza-2-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, a 1-aza-2-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo[2.2.2]octane, a 1-aza-2-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane, a 1-aza-7-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, a 1-aza-3-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane, or a 1-aza-7-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the delivery of muscle relaxants through an inhalation route. Specifically, it relates to aerosols containing a muscle relaxant that is used in inhalation therapy. In a composition aspect of the present invention, the aerosol comprises particles comprising at least 5 percent by weight of muscle relaxant. In a method aspect of the present invention, a muscle relaxant is delivered to a mammal through an inhalation route. The method comprises: a) heating a composition, wherein the composition comprises at least 5 percent by weight of a muscle relaxant, to form a vapor; and, b) allowing the vapor to cool, thereby forming a condensation aerosol comprising particles, which is inhaled by the mammal.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I: 1

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of Formula I: These compounds may be in the form of pharmaceutical salts or compositions, and racemic mixtures or pure enantiomers thereof. The compounds of Formula I are useful in pharmaceuticals in which &agr;7 is known to be involved.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of Formula I: These compounds may be in the form of pharmaceutical salts or compositions, and racemic mixtures or pure enantiomers thereof. The compounds of Formula I are useful in pharmaceuticals in which &agr;7 is known to be involved.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for increasing the effectiveness of dextromethorphan in treating chronic or intractable pain, for treating tinnitus and for treating sexual dysfunction comprising administering dextromethorphan in combination with a therapeutically effective dosage of a debrisoquin hydroxylase inhibitor. A preferred combination is dextromethorphan and the oxidative inhibitor quinidine.