Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions incorporate compounds that are capable of affecting nicotinic cholinergic receptors. A wide variety of conditions and disorders, and particularly conditions and disorders associated with dysfunction of the central and autonomic nervous systems can be treated using pharmaceutical compositions incorporating compounds in which an aromatic ring is bridged with an alkylene or alkylidene unit to an azabicyclic moiety.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of Formula I: compounds of the Formula I: wherein R1, R2, R4, R6, X, and W are defined herein. These compounds may be in the form of pharmaceutical salts or compositions, may be in pure enantiomeric form or racemic mixtures, and are useful in pharmaceuticals used to treat diseases or conditions in which &agr;7 is known to be involved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to (−)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, compositions comprising (−)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and methods for treating or preventing a disorder alleviated by inhibiting dopamine reuptake. In one embodiment, the disorder is attention-deficit disorder, depression, obesity, Parkinson's disease, a tic disorder, or an addictive disorder. The (−)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is preferably substantially free of its corresponding (+)-enantiomer.

Abstract: The invention relates to certain indolinone compounds, their method of synthesis, and a combinatorial library consisting of the indolinone compounds. The invention also relates to methods of modulating the function of protein tyrosine kinases using indolinone compounds and methods of treating diseases by modulating the function of protein tyrosine kinases and related signal transduction pathways.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of inhibiting tumor cell adhesion, pain, and inflammation at a wound during a surgical procedure by delivering an irrigation solution containing a tumor cell anti-adhesion agent and a plurality of additional agents to an operative site during the surgical procedure. In addition, methods of inhibiting tumor cell attachment and implantation during a surgical procedure as well as inhibiting tumor metastasis during a surgical procedure are also provided.

Abstract: The topical use of certain flurbiprofen amide derivatives and ketorolac amide derivatives to treat ophthalmic angiogenesis-related and inflammatory disorders of the posterior segment of the eye is disclosed.

Abstract: Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs which have been substituted with a nitrogen monoxide group; compositions comprising (i) a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, which can optionally be substituted with a nitrogen monoxide group and (ii) a compound that directly donates, transfers or releases a nitrogen monoxide group (preferably as a charged species, particularly nitrosonium); and methods of treatment of inflammation, pain, gastrointestinal lesions and/or fever using the compositions are disclosed. The compounds and compositions protect against the gastrointestinal, renal and other toxicities that are otherwise induced by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of enantiomerically pure R-NSAIDs for the treatment of inflammation. Preferably, the R-NSAID used is R-flurbiprofen and is administered in a dose of at least 5 milligrams per kilogram of body weight per day. The anti-inflammatory action of R-NSAIDs is due to their ability to interfere with the biosynthesis of COX-2 by inhibiting COX-2 mRNA synthesis, rather than by just blocking the action of the enzyme itself. In order to effect the inhibition of COX-2 mRNA synthesis, the R-NSAID must be present at relatively high doses. Because the R-NSAID is selective in its action, that is, it does not inhibit either COX-1 mRNA synthesis or the COX-1 enzyme itself, it can be administered in the required high doses because the tissue protective effects of prostaglandins made through the COX-1 pathway are not interfered with.

Abstract: Methods and preparations for treating disorders of the eye and/or causing posterior vitreous disconnection or disinsertion. Preparations containing a) urea, b) urea derivatives (e.g., hydroxyurea, thiourea), c) a non-steroidal anti-inflamatory agents, d) antmetabolites, e) urea, urea derivatives, non-enzymatic proteins, nucleosides, nucleotides and their derivatives (e.g., adenine, adenosine, cytosine, cytadine, guanine, guanitadine, guanidinium, thymidine, thimitadine, uradine, uracil, cystine), uric acid, calcium acetal salicylate, ammonium sulfate or other compound capable of causing non-enzymatic dissolution of the hyaloid membrane or e) any of the possible combinations thereof, are administered to the eye in therapeutically effective amounts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new use for compounds having 5-HT3 (serotonin M) receptor antagonist activity, especially tropisetron, for the manufacture of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a non-inflammatory local disease of the musculo-sceletal system, of a local irritation condition of a joint or tendon sheath, or for the local treatment a local manifestation at the locomotor apparatus of an inflammatory disease except for a crystal induced arthritis and a living pathogen induced inflammatory disease condition as long as the living pathogen is still present.

Abstract: The present invention relates to bicylic derivatives for treating or preventing neuronal damage associated with neurological diseases. The invention also provides compositions comprising the compounds of the present invention and methods of utilizing those compositions for treating or preventing neuronal damage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process process for the preparation of the compound of the formula I where the compound of the formula III is reacted with oxalyl chloride and the product obtained is treated with hydrazine and an alkali metal hydroxide in the aqueous phase at elevated temperature, after treatment is complete a three-phase system is produced by addition of an ether and the compound of the formula I is obtained by acidifying the middle phase. The invention moreover relates to a polymorph of the compound of the formula I.

Abstract: Methods of treating or preventing ophthalmic, otic, and nasal infections and attendant inflammation are described. The methods utilize ophthalmic, otic, and nasal compositions containing a new class of antibiotics (e.g. trovafloxacin). The compositions also contain one or more anti-inflammatory agents (e.g. dexamethasone). The compositions are utilized to treat ophthalmic, otic, and nasal conditions by topically applying the compositions to the affected tissues.

Abstract: The invention features a method of modulating SMN exon 7 expression in a subject by administering a histone deacetylase inhibitor.

Abstract: Inhibitors of the cytosolic phospholypase A2 enzymes are provided which are of use in controlling a wide variety of inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: An analgesic/anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical dosage form which comprises an effective amount of an active ingredient selected from the group consisting of racemic 5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid, optically active forms thereof and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or diluent, said dosage form being an intranasally administrable dosage form.

Abstract: Methods of treating glaucoma or elevated pressure and other diseases with reduced side effects by treating a mammal in need thereof an agonist of the alpha 2B or alpha 2B/2C adrenergic receptor(s). Also described are compounds having such selective agonist activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-2-ene derivatives in their labelled form. Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of said derivatives in their labelled or unlabelled form in diagnostic methods, in particular for in vivo receptor imaging (neuroimaging).

Abstract: Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs which have been substituted with a nitrogen monoxide group; composition comprising (i) a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, which can optionally be substituted with a nitrogen monoxide group and (ii) a compound that directly donates, transfers or releases a nitrogen monoxide group (preferably as a charged species, particularly nitrosonium); and methods of treatment of inflammation, pain, gastrointestinal lesions and/or fever using the compositions are disclosed. The compounds and compositions protect against the gastrointestinal, renal and other toxicities that are otherwise induced by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pleuromutilin derivatives, to processes for their preparation, to pharmaceutical compositions containing them and to their use in medical therapy, particularly antibacterial therapy.

Abstract: The present invention provides a human calcium-binding protein (HCBP) and polynucleotides which identify and encode HCBP. The invention also provides expression vectors and host cells, agonists, antibodies, and antagonists. In addition, the invention provides methods for producing HCBP and for treating or preventing disorders associated with the expression of HCBP.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for sequestering bile acids in a patient and to particular polymers for use in the method. The method comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of a spirobicyclic ammonium moiety-containing polymer composition to a mammal, such as a human, whereby bile acids are sequestered. The polymers of the invention comprise spirobicyclic ammonium moieties and optionally, further comprise a hydrophobic substituent, a quaternary ammonium-containing substituent or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are combinations of a taxoid, an alkylating agent and an anthracycline antibiotic, which compositions exhibit therapeutic synergy in the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: A method and composition for the treatment and/or prevention of stroke is disclosed using N-heterocyclic glyoxamide compounds having the following general formula: wherein X, E, F, R11, R12, R14, R15, R16 and R17 are as defined herein.

Abstract: There are disclosed compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof which are useful as antagonists of GnRH and as such may be useful for the treatment of a variety of sex-hormone related and other conditions in both men and women.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the pharmaceutical treatment of pain. In particular, the present invention relates to the topical use of kappa opioid receptor agonists and partial agonists for the prevention or alleviation of pain in the eye.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of treatment utilizing pharmaceutical compositions comprising an effective nicotine agonist amount of epibatidine (1) or a synthetic 7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]-heptane or heptene derivative thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable earner, excipient or diluent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is --O-- or --CH.sub.2 --;Y is --C(O)--, --(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- or --N(CH.sub.3)--;n is 1 or 2 orX and Y taken together are --CH.dbd.CH--Z is --NH--, --CH.sub.2 --, --O-- or .dbd.CH--;A.sup.1 is a group ##STR2## B is --(CH.sub.2).sub.m --; m is 0, 1 or 2;R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently hydrogen or lower alkyl;R.sup.3 is hydrogen or halogen;R.sup.4 is hydrogen or hydroxy andthe dotted line is (--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --).sub.n, and n' is 0 or 1 and to pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof.The compounds of the present invention are antagonists of the OFQ receptor.

Abstract: A method for preventing or treating autoimmune diseases (excluding type I diabetes) by administering an insulin resistance improving substance as an active ingredient.

Abstract: A compound comprising a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent to which is directly or indirectly linked an NO group, a compound comprising an enolic anilide non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent to which is directly or indirectly linked an NO.sub.2 group, a pharmaceutical composition including the compounds and methods of treatment of pain and/or inflammation using the compounds and compositions are disclosed. Also disclosed is a composition comprising a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent and a compound that donates, transfers or releases nitric oxide.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting the formation of glucose by the administration of castanospermine is described herein. In addition, a new process for the isolation of castanospermine from Castanospermum australe is also described.

Abstract: Compounds selected from the group of compounds represented by formula I: where:R.sub.10 is represented by the formula (A), (B), or (C): ##STR1## R.sub.20 is represented by the formula (U), (V), or (W): ##STR2## and the other substituents are as defined in the specification; and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts;are inhibitors of prostaglandin G/H synthase and are anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents.

Abstract: Racemic (.+-.)-1-azobicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-3-one may be efficiently resolved into its (1S,4R)- and (1R,4S)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-3-one isomers by formation of di-p-toluoyl hemitartrate salts by combination with di-p-toluoyl-L-tartaric acid and di-p-toluoyl-D-tartaric acid, respectively. Selective crystallization using one of the di-p-toluoyltartaric acids in less than stoichiometric amount in a suitable solvent mixture allows isolation of the desired isomer as its respective di-p-toluoyl hemitartrate in high isomeric purity. The isolated hemitartrates are storage stable and may be used as such in the preparation of pharmaceuticals and other biologically active compounds, or may be used to provide the free base of the respective 1-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-3-one isomer.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (3), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and derivatives thereof, in which R.sup.1 is vinyl or ethyl; and R.sup.2 is a group R.sup.3, R.sup.4 CH.sub.2 --, or R.sup.5 R.sup.6 C.dbd.CH--; wherein each of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is an azabicyclic ring system or R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an azabicyclic ring system, are useful in the prevention and treatment of microbial infections.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions for and methods of treating, preventing or ameliorating cancer and other proliferative diseases as well as methods of inducing wound healing, treating cutaneous ulcers, treating gastrointestinal disorders, treating blood disorders such as anemias, immunomodulation, enhancing recombinant gene expression, treating insulin-dependent patients, treating cystic fibrosis patients, inhibiting telomerase activity, treating virus-associated tumors, especially EBV-associated tumors, modulating gene expression and particularly augmenting expression of a tumor suppressor gene, inducing tolerance to an antigen and treating, ameliorating or preventing protozoan infection. The methods of the invention use metabolically stabilized oxyalkylene esters.

Abstract: The present application is directed to the use of 5HT.sub.1B or 5HT.sub.1D receptor antagonists in the treatment of vascular diseases, in particular angina, Raynaud's syndrome, peripheral vascular syndrome or portal hypertension.

Abstract: 7-Azabicyclo[2.2.1]-heptane and -heptene derivatives are disclosed that can be administered to a mammal, including a human, to treat disorders associated with a decrease or increase in cholinergic activity.

Abstract: Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs which have been substituted with a nitrogen monoxide group; compositions comprising (i) a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, which can optionally be substituted with a nitrogen monoxide group and (ii) a compound that directly donates, transfers or releases a nitrogen monoxide group (preferably as a charged species, particularly nitrosonium); and methods of treatment of inflammation, pain, gastrointestinal lesions and/or fever using the compositions are disclosed The compounds and compositions protect against the gastrointestinal, renal and other toxicities that are otherwise induced by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs.

Abstract: A compound comprising a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent to which is directly or indirectly linked an NO group, a compound comprising an enolic anilide non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent to which is directly or indirectly linked an NO.sub.2 group, a pharmaceutical composition including the compounds and methods of treatment of pain and/or inflammation using the compounds and compositions are disclosed. Also disclosed is a composition comprising a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent and a compound that donates, transfers or releases nitric oxide.

Abstract: This invention provides for pharmaceutical formulations of compounds which are useful as protective agents when administered to patients also receiving antineoplastic drugs. The invention also includes methods of reducing the toxicity of various antineoplastic agents by administering an effective amount of the protective agent to a patient receiving one or more antineoplastic agents. The compounds useful as protective agents have either a sulfhydryl moiety or are reducible disulfides.

Abstract: There are disclosed compounds of formula (I) ##STR1## and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof which are useful as antagonists of GnRH and as such may be useful for the treatment of a variety of sex-hormone related and other conditions in both men and women.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new compounds of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which X represents alkyl,Y represents halogen or alkyl andZ represents halogen or alkyl,with the proviso that one of the radicals Y and Z always represents halogen and the other alkyl,Het represents one of the groups ##STR2## in which A, B, D and G have the meanings given in the description,a plurality of processes for their preparation and their use as pesticides and herbicides.

Abstract: A composition for use in preventing colorectal cancer and other neoplastic diseases, such as breast cancer, includes an enantiomerically stable R-NSAID or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in an amount effective to elicit a chemoprotective effect. The composition is substantially free of the S-enantiomer of the R-NSAID. Therapeutic use of the composition is accompanied by reduced adverse side effects. A method of treating cystic fibrosis likewise includes the step of administering to a patient in need of such treatment a composition having an effective cystic fibrosis therapeutic amount of an enantiomerically stable R-NSAID or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the composition being substantially free of the S-enantiomer of the selected R-NSAID.

Abstract: The present invention relates to heterocyclic compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 -R.sup.7, B, a and X have the meanings recited in the specification. These compounds are usable in the treatment of diseases of the rheumatoid variety and for the prevention of allergically induced diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to heterocyclic compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 -R.sup.7, B, a and X have the meanings recited in the specification. These compounds are usable in the treatment of diseases of the rheumatoid group and for the prevention of allergically induced diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to therapeutically active azacyclic and azabicyclic compounds, to methods for their preparation and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds. These compounds are useful in treating diseases in the central nervous system related to malfunctioning of the nicotinic cholinergic system.

Abstract: This invention provides for pharmaceutical formulations of compounds which are useful as protective agents when administered to patients also receiving antineoplastic drugs. The invention also includes methods of reducing the toxicity of various antineoplastic agents by administering an effective amount of the protective agent to a patient receiving one or more antineoplastic agents. The compounds useful as protective agents have either a sulfhydryl moiety or are reducible disulfides.

Abstract: Disclosed are antitumor compositions comprising taxol, taxotere or their derivatives in combination with an anthracycline antibiotic, the combination having a pharmacologic activity greater than the expected additive effect of its individual components.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition of the eutomer of a chiral drug is disclosed whereby the eutomer has a clearance value greater than that of the racemic mixture of the chiral drug. The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention allow the delivery of therapeutically effective levels of drugs at doses much lower than would be required when the drug is delivered by conventional injection methods.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods for prevention or treatment of primary and recurring squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity or oropharynx comprising topical administration, to the oral cavity or oropharynx, of an effective amount of an NSAID, especially a composition administering from about 0.001% to about 0.2% ketorolac to the oral cavity, alone or as an adjunct to surgery and/or radiation therapy.