Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds from mycelium of Antrodia cinnamomea. The present invention also relates to a composition and a method for treating or prophylaxis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds, as well as to compositions, methods and kits comprising such compounds, for use in the treatment or prophylaxis of fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, myofascial pain syndrome, Gulf War syndrome and related conditions, wherein the compound is a fatty acid oxidation inhibitor and/or a carbohydrate oxidation activator.

Abstract: Compounds of the Formula I, wherein A1 is O or NH; A2 is O or S; each of R1 and R2 is independently hydrogen, a methyl or C2-C8-saturated or mono- or doubly unsaturated, branched or linear hydrocarbon group; and R3 is a C1-C18-saturated or mono- or doubly unsaturated, branched or linear hydrocarbon group wherein, each of R1, R2 and R3 comprises a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of O and S in the chain and/or is mono- or multiply-substituted by a substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen, hydroxy, C1-C6-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, C1-C6-alkoxy, C6-C10-aryl, and C1-C6-alkyl-C6-C10-aryl are useful for controlling the interaction process between microorganisms such as in the development and/or maturation of biofilms; multicellular swarm behavior; the concerted development of antibiotic resistances; the concerted synthesis of antibiotics; the concerted synthesis of pigments; the concerted production of extracellular enzymes; or the concerted production of virulence factors.

Abstract: Methods of modulating chronic low-grade inflammation are provided. More particularly, methods of treating diabetes, such as for example, type-2 diabetes mellitus, in a mammal by administering an effective amount of a selective proteasome inhibitor are provided. Also provided are unit dosage forms of such inhibitors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of active substance combinations which consist firstly of known cyclic ketoenols and secondly of further known insecticidal active substances, for controlling animal pests from the stink bug family (Pentatomidae).

Abstract: The present invention provides single chain antibody-directed polymeric prodrugs containing multifunctional linkers. Methods of making the polymeric delivery systems and methods of treating mammals using the same are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing injectable medicament preparations containing a therapeutically and/or diagnostically effective substance which is comprised of an active agent, of a spacer molecule and of at least one protein-binding molecule. After being brought into contact with the body, said therapeutically and/or diagnostically effective substance covalently bonds to the body fluid constituents or tissue constituents via the protein-binding molecule, thus providing a form of transport of the active agent that an be hydrolytically or enzymatically cleaved, according to pH, in the body while releasing the active agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for modulating bacterial quorum sensing using antagonist or agonist compounds. Further, the present invention provides methods of treating or preventing microbial damages and diseases, in particular for diseases where there is an advantage in inhibiting quorum sensing regulated phenotypes of pathogens.

Abstract: The present invention relates to amine functionalized lipophilic compounds and their use in personal care products, particularly those for colored hair.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel N-heterocyclylphenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols of the formula (I) in which CKE, W, X, Y and Z are as defined in the disclosure, to a plurality of processes and intermediates for their preparation and to their use as pesticides and/or herbicides and/or microbicides. The invention further relates to selective herbicidal compositions comprising firstly the N-heterocyclylphenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols and secondly a compound which improves crop plant tolerance.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound which is an inhibitor of sphingolipid biosynthesis for use in the treatment of a disease which has a secondary Niemann-Pick type C disease like cellular phenotype.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the provision of ophthalmic compositions such as multi-dose, topical, ophthalmic compositions. The compositions include a nitric oxide (NO) donor compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the cosmetic use of at least one imidopercarboxylic acid derivative in a cosmetic composition comprising a physiologically acceptable medium, as agent for promoting desquamation of the skin and/or the scalp and/or for stimulating epidermal renewal, the associated method of cosmetic treatment and a composition comprising the said imidopercarboxylic acid derivative and a desquamating agent and/or an anti-ageing agent.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising in combination as component (a) at least one 3-(3-dimethylamino-1-ethyl-2-methyl-propyl)-phenol compound, and as component (b) at least one antiepileptic, a pharmaceutical formulation and a dosage form comprising said composition of matter, and a method of treating pain, e.g. neuropathic pain, in which components (a) and (b) are administered simultaneously or sequentially to a mammal, whereby component (a) may be administered before or after component (b) and whereby components (a) or (b) are administered to the mammal either via the same or a different pathway of administration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of compounds which increase extracellular levels of catecholamines, dopamine and norepinephrine, in cerebral cortical areas of the mammalian brain, and more specifically to the use of 3-disubstituted phenyl-1-pyrrolidinols for the treatment of central nervous system disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel 3-biphenyl-substituted, 3-substituted 4-ketolactams and -lactones of the formula (I) in which A, B, Q, G, W, X, Y and Z are as defined in the disclosure, to processes for their preparation, and to their use as pesticides and/or microbicides and/or herbicides.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds, which are suitable for coupling to pharmaceuticals, in particular biopharmaceuticals, in addition to conjugates from the compounds comprising biomolecules or pharmaceutically active substances. The inventive compounds are highly cross-linked and can be formed in a simple manner by using a central cross-linking module. The invention also relates to the use of conjugates as an improved formulation of pharmaceuticals and to the production thereof.

Abstract: The present invention generally provides a method of measuring the biological activity of diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT). Specifically, the present invention provides a method for rapid, mass screening of compounds which are able to modulate the biological activity of DGAT. More specifically, the present invention provides an assay system for measuring DGAT activity based on the use of particular micelles with the FlashPlate™ technology.

Abstract: A method of treating a glial cell related disorder in a mammalian subject includes administering a drug which enhances or prolongs GSK-3 ? or ? inactivation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds from Antrodia camphorata and the use thereof.

Abstract: A method of enhancing the activity of lysosomal ?-Galactosidase A (?-Gal A) in mammalian cells and for treatment of Fabry disease by administration of 1-deoxy-galactonojirimycin and related compounds.

Abstract: Long chain N-alkyl amino and imino compounds, oxa-substituted derivatives thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions including such compounds are described. The long chain N-alkyl group is a C8-C16 alkyl group. The long chain N-alkyl compounds and oxa-substituted derivatives thereof can be used in the treatment of viral infections, in particular hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus, in a cell or an individual. For example, the long chain N-alkyl compounds or oxa-substituted derivatives thereof can be derived from piperidines, pyrrolidines, phenylamines, pyridines, pyrroles, or amino acids.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel 2-ethyl-4,6-dimethylphenyl-substituted spirocyclic tetramic acid derivatives of the formula (I) in which A, B and G are as defined above, to a plurality of processes and intermediates for their preparation and to their use as pesticides and/or herbicides, and also to selective herbicidal compositions comprising firstly the 2-ethyl-4,6-dimethylphenyl-substituted spirocyclic tetramic acid derivatives of the formula (I) (where G may also be hydrogen) and secondly at least one crop plant compatibility-improving compound.

Abstract: Compounds isolated from the fruiting body of A. camphorata in a solid culture or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which exhibit immunostimulatory or anti-inflammatory effects. Also disclosed are methods of stimulating immune responses and/or treating an inflammatory disorder with these compounds or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for neuroprotection, promoting survival of motor neurons and the treatment of motor neuron diseases by preventing cell signaling through the classic prostaglandin D2 receptor DP1.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel 2-alkoxy-6-alkylphenyl-substituted spirocyclic tetramic acid derivatives of the formula (I) in which A, B, D, G, X, Y and Z are as defined above, to a plurality of processes and intermediates for their preparation and to their use as pesticides and/or herbicides, and also to selective herbicidal compositions comprising, firstly, the 2-alkoxy-6-alkylphenyl-substituted spirocyclic tetramic acid derivatives of the formula (I) and, secondly, at least one crop plant tolerance promoter compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides aryl- or heteroaryl-diketo acid compounds effective to inhibit an activity of a Mycobacterial malate synthase enzyme or to inhibit a malate synthase activity in other bacteria having the enzyme. The compounds may be phenyl-naphthyl-, or thienyl-substituted diketo acids and carboxylate derivatives thereof. Also provided are methods of treating tuberculosis or other pathophysiological conditions associated with a malate synthase enzyme with the inhibitory compounds and methods of in silico design of the inhibitory compounds. In addition, the present invention provides the inhibitory compounds designed by this method. Furthermore, three-dimensional X-ray crystal structures of the Mycobacterial malate synthase complexed with the inhibitory compounds are provided. Further still a method for stabilizing an aromatic or heteroaromatic diketo acid or its prodrug or close analog in solution by derivatizing at least the ortho position on the aromatic ring is provided.

Abstract: Compounds having the structure (or their salts): are used to treat or reduce the likelihood of acquiring androgen-dependent diseases, such as prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia, polycystic ovarian syndrome, acne, hirsutism, seborrhea, androgenic alopecia and male baldness. The compounds can be formulated together with pharmaceutically acceptable diluents or carriers or otherwise made into any pharmaceutical dosage form. Combinations with other active pharmaceutical agents are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I). These compounds are a novel type of peptide deformylase (PDF) inhibitors, and are therefore of great interest especially as new antibiotics.

Abstract: The invention discloses the use of a compound of formula (I), wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 each independently represents: hydrogen; halo; hydroxy; (C1-C6) alkyl optionally substituted by hydroxy or (C1-C4) alkoxy; (C1-C6) haloalkyl; (C1-C6) alkoxy; and (C1-C6) haloalkoxy; for the preparation of a medicament for the prevention and/or treatment of diseases resulting from opening of the MPTP which are characterized by degenerative tissue damages, in particular, diabetes and diabetic complications, neurological diseases and stroke, heart infarction, inherited dystrophies and hepatitis, more particularly, diabetic vascular diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, and neurodegenerative disorders, such as multiple sclerosis. Further objects are a group of selected individual compounds of formula (I) for use as medicaments and a further group of selected individual compounds of formula (I) as novel compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for modulating the activity of two-pore domain K+ channels (“K2P channels”) as a means for inducing preconditioning protection. Such preconditioning can be used to reduce the effect of ischemia associated with ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarcation or cardiac surgery. The invention is based on the discovery that the myoprotective current induced by short periods of ischemia is carried by a non-classical two-pore domain K+ channel.

Abstract: Activated cytotoxic compounds are described for attachment to targeting molecules for the treatment of a mammalian disease condition which comprise, an activator, a spacer linker, a linker (e.g., self-immolative), and a cytotoxic drug selected from the group consisting of AMINO-SUBSTITUTED (E)-2,6-DIALKOXYSTYRYL 4-SUBSTITUTED BENZYLSULFONES, AMINO-AND-HYDROXY SUBSTITUTED STYRYLSULFONANILIDES, and SUBSTITUTED PHENOXY- AND PHENYLTHIO-STYRYLSULFONE DERIVATIVES. Activated cytotoxic compound attached to a targeting molecule are described wherein the targeting molecule is selected from the group consisting essentially of an antibody, a receptor, a ligand, a cytokine, a hormone, and a signal transduction molecule. The invention is further directed to a method of treatment of disease conditions.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of treating a cancer in a subject comprising administering a FOXP3 protein, a nucleic acid encoding a FOXP3 protein, or an inducing compound which induces FOXP3 protein expression. Methods of altering a phenotype of a cancer cell or tumor cell, methods of inhibiting growth of such cells, and methods of inducing apoptosis of these cells are also provided herein. These methods comprise contacting the cell with a FOXP3 protein, a nucleic acid encoding a FOXP3 protein, or an inducing compound which induces FOXP3 protein expression. Further provided herein are diagnostic methods, comprising comparing the expression or structure of a FOXP3 protein or FOXP3 gene in a test sample to that of a normal or prior sample. A method of screening a test compound for anti-cancer activity comprising administering to cells the test compound and measuring FOXP3 protein or FOXP3 gene expression is moreover provided herein.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for treating ocular disorders associated with ocular hypertension by administrating an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a succinimide derivative.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to novel cycloalkylphenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols of the formula (I) in which J, X, Y, m and CKE are as defined above, to processes and intermediates for their preparation and to their use as pesticides and/or herbicides. Moreover, the disclosure relates to selective herbicidal compositions comprising, firstly, the cycloalkylphenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols and, secondly, a crop plant compatibility-improving compound. The disclosure furthermore relates to increasing the activity of crop protection compositions comprising compounds of the formula (I) by adding ammonium or phosphonium salts and, if appropriate, penetrants.

Abstract: Novel 5-membered iminocyclitol derivatives were found to be a potent and selective inhibitors of the glycoprotein processing ?- and ?-glucosidase which were further found to be active antiviral agents against Japanese encephalitis virus, dengue virus serotype 2 (DEN-2), human SARS coronavirus and human ?-hexosaminidase, a new target for development of osteoarthritis therapeutics.

Abstract: The invention relates to new alkoxyalkyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols of the formula (I) in which A, B, D, G, W, X, Y and Z have the definitions indicated above, to a number of processes and intermediates for their preparation, and to their use as pesticides and/or herbicides and/or microbicides. The invention further provides selectively herbicidal, compositions which comprise alkoxyalkyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols on the one hand and a crop plant tolerance promoter compound on the other. The invention further relates to the boosting of the action of crop protection compositions comprising compounds of the formula (I) through the additions of ammonium salts or phosphonium salts and optionally penetration promoters.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds for treating or preventing an HIV infection, or treating AIDS or ARC comprising administering a compound according to formula I where Ar, R1-R5, R11c and X1 are as defined herein.

Abstract: Composition containing, in a physiologically acceptable medium, at least one imidopercarboxylic acid compound and at least one N-acylated amino acid ester of formula (A) as described herein.

Abstract: Substituted sulfonamide compounds corresponding to the formula I: processes for the preparation thereof, pharmaceutical composition containing these compounds and the use of substituted sulfonamide compounds for the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel class of compounds, represented by the formula (I) below, wherein the meanings of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, X and Y are indicated therein, which are cysteine protease inhibitors, including but not limited to, inhibitors of cathepsms K L, S and B These compounds are useful for treating diseases in which inhibition of bone resorption is indicated, such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the general formula (I) which are inhibitors of purine nucleoside phosphorylases (PNP), purine phosphoribosyltransferases (PPRT), 5?-methylthioadenosine phosphorylases (MTAP), 5?-methylthioadenosine nucleosidases (MTAN) and/or nucleoside hydrolases (NH). The invention also relates to the use of these compounds in the treatment of diseases and infections including cancer, bacterial infections, protozoal infections, and T-cell mediated disease and to pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds.

Abstract: Alterations of certain metabolite concentrations and fluxes that occur in response to viral infection are described. Host cell enzymes in the involved metabolic pathways are selected as targets for intervention; i.e., to restore metabolic flux to disadvantage viral replication, or to further derange metabolic flux resulting in “suicide” of viral-infected cells (but not uninfected cells) in order to limit viral propagation. While any of the enzymes in the relevant metabolic pathway can be selected, pivotal enzymes at key control points in these metabolic pathways are preferred as candidate antiviral drug targets. Inhibitors of these enzymes are used to reverse, or redirect, the effects of the viral infection. Drug candidates are tested for antiviral activity using screening assays in vitro and host cells, as well as in animal models. Animal models are then used to test efficacy of candidate compounds in preventing and treating viral infections. The antiviral activity of enzyme inhibitors is demonstrated.

Abstract: The present invention concerns boosting the activity of crop protection materials comprising active ingredients from the class of the phenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols through the addition of ammonium salts and/or phosphonium salts or through the addition of ammonium salts and/or phosphonium salts and penetrants, the corresponding materials, processes for preparing them, and their use in crop protection.

Abstract: The present invention provides polymeric conjugates containing positively charged moieties. Methods of making the polymeric delivery systems and methods of treating mammals using the same are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds that inhibit TACE, compositions thereof, and methods of using those compounds and compositions for treating diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel class of compounds mainly, substituted leucinamide-carboxylate derivatives of formula (I) wherein X is O or NR9, Y is CR1R2, —SO2, C?O or NR9; Z is CR1R2, O, S, —SO2 or NR9 and each G is independently a CR1CR2 and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. Said compounds are cathepsin cysteine protease inhibitors, including but not limited to, inhibitors of cathepsin K, L, S and B. These compounds are useful for treating and preventing cathepsin dependent conditions in which inhibition of bone resorption is indicated, such as osteoporosis.

Abstract: This invention provides new compounds and uses thereof in treating a variety of diseases or conditions in a subject, including, inter alia, prostate cancer, muscle wasting diseases and/or disorders or a bone-related diseases and/or disorders.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of general formula (I), to a method for the production thereof, to pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and to their use in the treatment and/or prophlaxis of diseases in humans or animals, particularly bacterial infections diseases. The compounds are derivatives of the natural substances andrimide and moiramide B.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for treating central pain syndrome in a mammal by administering an effective amount of a thalamic anticonvulsant compound. Also provided are methods for inducing centrally generated pain responses in an animal model and for screening and identifying a compound that inhibits T-type calcium channels.