Abstract: The present invention provides a novel class of withanolides that have been isolated from W. somnifera under aeroponic conditions or produced semi-synthetically from withanolide natural products. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions thereof and methods for using the same in proliferative diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune, and inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: Cytosine deaminase inhibitors and methods for identifying inhibitors of the anti-retroviral activity of APOBEC3G are described.

Abstract: It is described the use of propionyl L-carnitine for treating disturbances of the skin such as cellulite.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for reducing, treating or preventing pain and/or inflammation in a patient in need of such treatment, the methods and compositions comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a statin or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to a target tissue site beneath the skin.

Abstract: A method of producing microcapsules of the type having a core and a coating encapsulating the core comprises the steps of providing a core-forming fluid stream and a coating-forming fluid stream, providing a two spray nozzle arrangement having a core nozzle disposed concentrically about a second nozzle, spraying the core-forming fluid stream from the core nozzle and the coat-forming fluid stream from the concentric nozzle to produce microcapsules, and solidifying the microcapsules upon formation in a suitable gas. Spray drying or spray chilling may be employed as the means of solidifying the microcapsules. Microcapsules having a core and a solid coat are also described.

Abstract: The topical ophthalmic use of 5,6,7-trihydroxyheptanoic acid and analogs for the acceleration of corneal wound healing in humans, is disclosed.

Abstract: A method for the emperic treatment of an intertrigal skin infection potentially caused by a gram-positive bacteria in a human patient that includes a topical administration to the patient of a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a bactericidal amount of a Gram-positive bactericide and an antimycotic amount of an antifungal component suspended in a skin-barrier carrier.

Abstract: An improved weight and growth stimulant for domesticated animals such as cattle, pigs and sheep is comprised of an anabolic agent that is subcutaneously administered in the form of a dual release implant formulation. Increased gains are particularly improved when zeranol is administered in an immediate-release and controlled-release formulation which allows for a one-time dosage injection.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for reducing, treating or preventing pain and/or inflammation in a patient in need of such treatment, the methods and compositions comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a statin or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to a target tissue site beneath the skin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of inhibiting cellular uptake of pro-nerve growth factor (proNGF) in a cell expressing neurotrophin p75 receptor in a mammal in need thereof. Such mammals include, for example, those suffering from neuropathological conditions. In another aspect, the invention relates to a method of promoting cellular uptake of proNGF in a cell expressing p75NTR receptor in a mammal in need thereof. Such mammals include, for example, those suffering from conditions relating to human and other mammalian hair follicle cycling.

Abstract: The present invention provides zebrafish based methods for the identification of compounds potentially useful in the treatment of motor neuron degenerative diseases (MNDDs), compounds identified by these methods and compositions, methods and medicaments for treating MNDDs.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods and compounds for inhibiting bacterial growth and treating a bacterial infection in a subject. These methods involve providing an inhibitor of intrabacterial pH homeostasis, including inhibitors of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv3671c gene encoded membrane protease. Methods for identifying novel compounds that disrupt intrabacterial pH homeostasis and their use for inhibiting bacterial growth and treating a bacterial infection in a subject are also disclosed.

Abstract: The use of statins as antiepileptic, anticonvulsant, neuroprotector and antioxidant compounds, potentially useful for the prevention and/or treatment of epilepsy, epileptic seizures, convulsions, neurodegenerative diseases, or diseases associated with undesired oxidation, is described.

Abstract: Cancer patients, patients with cognitive dysfunction, or patients with pulmonary hypertension are treated with parenterally administered therapeutic doses of statins. Particularly, transdermal, injection employing liquid infusion or particles are employed. For cancer, the statins may be used by themselves or in conjunction with a chemotherapeutic regimen. Liver cancer is treated orally with super doses of statins.

Abstract: The present invention refers to the use of HMP (a secondary metabolite obtained from Aspergillus fungi) as an agent that intensifies the mechanism of macrophage activation, leading to the death of L. (Leishmania) amazonensis, the etiologic agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis. The main mechanism of action of this agent is the activation of the microbicidal activity of host cells, through increased superoxide production, number of lysosomes, actin and microtubule filament polymerization and increased spreading, typical of activated cells. Additionally, HMP represents a molecule of easy acquisition, presents an efficient combat mechanism with no adverse reactions and capacity to inhibit the development of promastigotes and amastigotes forms. Finally, results suggest HMP to be a potential candidate for use against cutaneous leishmaniasis at a minimal concentration of 50 ?g/mL.

Abstract: The main object here is the use of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (as ethyl esters, hereinafter called “n-3 PUFA”) as a medicament, either alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents, for reducing mortality for a cardiovascular cause, in particular arrhythmia or for reducing hospitalization for any cause, in particular a cardiovascular cause and for the daily administration to patients with symptomatic heart failure (HF) for more than 3.5 years.

Abstract: Compounds and related methods as can be used for selective mevalonate pathway inhibitors.

Abstract: The subject matter of the invention is a cosmetic and/or dermatological composition for use in the treatment of skin and/or hair disorders. More particularly, the invention relates to a cosmetic and/or dermatological composition comprising an inhibitor of hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, an inhibitor of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, or an inhibitor of one of the physiologically acceptable salts thereof and a cosmetic and/or dermatological product. The present invention finds, for example, a very advantageous use in the treatment of the effects of early ageing, in particular in terms of the skin and the hair system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an in-vitro method for the formation of megamitochondria in cells, wherein the cells are grown in a suitable fermentation medium acidulated with lactic acid to pH values between 5.3 and 6.7. The invention further concerns H+ ionophores, ionophores which catalyze the electroneutral exchange of K+ for H+ and inhibitors of actin polymerisation for the prevention or treatment of a disease in which inhibiting or reducing the formation of megamitochondria has a beneficial effect.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new methods for treating and/or preventing vascular events by inhibiting G-coupled Protease Activating Receptor (PAR)-1 and/or PAR-4 with the administration of statins. In one embodiment, individuals who are at risk for vascular events, but have cholesterol levels (e.g., total cholesterol or Low Density Lipoprotein) in normal ranges, are treated with statins.

Abstract: The invention involves methods for characterizing an individual's risk profile of developing a future cardiovascular disorder by obtaining a level of the marker of systemic inflammation in the individual. The invention also involves methods for evaluating the likelihood that an individual will benefit from treatment with an agent for reducing the risk of future cardiovascular disorder.

Abstract: The present invention provides new methods, uses and means for breast cancer prognostics. The provided method for establishing a prognosis for a mammalian subject having a breast cancer, comprises the steps of: obtaining a hormone receptor status of the subject; obtaining an HMGCR protein value of the subject; and correlating the hormone receptor status and the HMGCR protein of the subject to a prognosis for the subject.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for in situ treatment of malignant cells from a cancer associated with bone. In one method, the treatment is for a primary cancer and entails positioning an implant containing and/or coated with at least one active agent for treating malignant cells directly in/on or indirectly among/near (e.g., by placing the implant in an area immediately proximal to) a site containing the malignant cells. In another method, the treatment includes positioning an implant containing and/or coated with at least one active agent for treating malignant cells directly in/on or indirectly among/near (e.g., by placing the implant in an area immediately proximal to) a surgical site from which malignant cells were previously removed/excised.

Abstract: The topical use of 5,6,7-trihydroxyheptanoic acid and analogs are disclosed for the treatment of dry eye disorders and uveitis.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the purification of pravastatin comprising extracting a solution comprising pravastatin in a water-immiscible solvent with water at a pH value ranging from 5.0 to 7.0.

Abstract: The present invention related to a determination of a stereochemistry, a synthesis and dauer effect of 6R-(3,6-dideoxy-L-arabino-hexopyranosyloxy) heptanoic acid as a pheromone isolated from the Caenorhabditis elegance related to suppression of aging and stress. It becomes possible to develop medical substances using the pheromone relating to aging, stress, metabolism, signal transfer system in vivo, and anticancer, obesity and a suppressing agent for aging and stress.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of at least one compound of formula (I) for the manufacture of a medicament intended for preventing or treating infections by a Plasmodium parasite in an individual, by inhibiting the pre-erythrocytic development stage of said Plasmodium parasite.

Abstract: Described is the use of benzotropolone and their derivatives, especially the compounds of formula (1); wherein R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 independently of one another are hydrogen; OH; C1-C30alkyl, C2-C30al-kenyl, C1-C30alkoxy, C3-C12cycloalkyl or C1C30hydroxyalkyl, which may be substituted by one or more E and/or interrupted by one or more D; C6-C20aryl, which may be substituted by one or more G; C4-C20heteroaryl, which may be substituted by one or more G, C2-C18alkenyl, C2-C18alkynyl, C7-C25aralkyl, CN, or —CO—R17; C1-C30mono- or dialkylamino; COR9; COOR9; CONR9R10; CN; SO2R9; OCOOR9; OCOR9; NHCOOR9; NR9COR10; NH2; *—(CO)—NH—(CH2)n1—(PO)—(OR11)2; —(CO)—O—(CH2)n1—(PO)—(OR11)2; sulphate; sulphonate; phosphate; phosphonate; —(CH2)n2—[O—(SO2)]n3—OR11; —O—(CH2)n4(CO)n5—R11; —(O)n6—(CH2)n7—(PO)—(OR9)2; —(O)n6—(CH2)n7—SO2—OR9; halogen; organosilanyl; organo-siloxanyl; or a sugar residue linked directly in an ?- or ?-mode via the anomeric oxygen to the benzotropolone system or via a linear or branched alkylene, alkenyle

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula (I) and (II) (including formulae (III) to (V)), wherein X=—CH2—, —O—, —S— n=0-10 Y=—NH—, —NHSO2—, —NHSO—, —NHCO—, —S—, —O—, —CH?CH—R1-R7, equal or different can be hydrogen, alkyl C1-C4, alkenyl C2-C4, cycloalkyl C3-C7, aryl or heteroaryl; may be substituted with one or more alkyl C1-C4, alkoxyl C1-C4, alkylthio C1-C4 or halogens; —NR8R9, where R8 e R9, equal or different, represent hydrogen, alkyl C1-C4, alkenyl C2-C4, cycloalkyl C3-C7, aryl or heteroaryl, may be substituted with one or more C1-C4, alkoxyl C1-C4, alkylthio C1-C4 or halogens; —(CH2)n, —COOR10, with n?=0-4 and R3=hydrogen or alkyl C1-C4, and their addition salts with organic and inorganic acids, or alkaline and alkaline earth metal or ammonium ions, with the exclusion of the compounds having the following formulae ((VI) to (IX)).

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical preparation including a compartment containing a renin inhibitor as a pharmacologically active ingredient, and a compartment containing an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor as a pharmacologically active ingredient, wherein one compartment is a prior-release compartment and the other compartment is a delayed-release compartment. The combination preparation of the present invention can deliver a renin inhibitor and an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor with a time interval at a specific speed, thus reducing undesirable side-effects, improving the drug efficacy and promoting the patient compliance. Further, the pharmaceutical preparation of the present invention has pharmacological, clinical, scientific and economical advantages in the prevention or treatment of metabolic syndromes, cardiovascular diseases, renal diseases and the like, as compared with the complex drug regimens in which medicament ingredients are taken individually or simultaneously.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for the preparation of insecticidal compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of determining the susceptibility of an individual to statin-induced myopathy, comprising detecting the presence or absence of one or more polymorphisms in the SLCO1B1 gene in a biological sample from an individual, whereby the presence of one or more polymorphisms indicates that the individual has altered susceptibility to statin-induced myopathy.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for decreasing vascular permeability in a blood vessel and treating or preventing conditions associated with defects or injuries of vascular endothelium. For example, the disclosed compositions and methods can be used to treat a vascular dysplasia such as cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM). These methods relate generally to the use of compositions that inhibit RhoA GTPase levels or activity, such as inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods for preventing or reducing scar formation (e.g., hypertrophic scars). For example, provided herein are methods of administrating HMG-CoA-inhibiting agents for preventing or reducing scar formation.

Abstract: A composition and method for treating a bone condition of an animal. The compostion includes nanoparticles; a targeted moiety covalently bonded to an outer surface of each nanoparticle; and osteoblast stimulating molecules encapsulated within each nanoparticle. The method for treating a bone condition includes introducing the composition into the animal.

Abstract: The use of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (e.g., statins) to treat glaucoma, control intraocular pressure, preserve the trabecular meshwork, protect against ocular neurodegeneration and/or protect against glaucomatous retinopathy is described. The preferred HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, which are statins having an RI value of 0.2 to 0.7 (e.g., pravastatin), are administered via topical application to the affected eye(s) of the patient.

Abstract: The present invention shows that cilostazol, a phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor has additional beneficial effects to atorvastatin on myocardial remodeling by inducing and preserving eNOS phosphorylation. The present invention demonstrates a cardioprotective effect of Cilostazol indicating the therapeutic potency of this drug. In addition, the present invention demonstrates that the additional effect of Cilostazol and atorvastatin therapy against ischemia injury is due to the augmentation of phosphatodylicositol 3-kinase/AKT (PI3-/AKT), PKA and p-eNOS signaling.

Abstract: A method of lipid therapy, comprising providing a subject group having a baseline triglyceride level of 200 to 499 mg/dl and being at or near its low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level goal, and reducing the triglyceride level and the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) level of the subject group as compared to treatment with a 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) inhibitor alone, by administering to the subject group an effective amount of an HMG CoA inhibitor and a composition comprising omega-3 fatty acids.

Abstract: A polyethylene glycol (PEG) aerogel particles having an average particle diameter not substantially above about 2?, a volumetric porosity of greater than about 50%, and pore sizes capable of retaining drug molecules. A method for preparing such polyethylene glycol (PEG) aerogel particles includes initiating a catalyzed reaction using a catalyst of PEG forming ingredients to form PEG particles; partially drying the formed PEG particles under conditions to control pore size; and subjecting the partially dried formed PEG particles to CO2 supercritical extraction for form the PEG aerogel particles. Drug molecules include chemotherapeutic agents. The surface of the PEG aerogel particles are reactable with a variety of agents, for example, to selectively target tumors, protects irreversible damage to labile proteins, and protects degradation of sensitive drugs with subsequent loss of biological efficacy.

Abstract: Compositions containing 5,6,7-trihydroxyheptanoic acid and analogs and their use for treating posterior segment ocular diseases and diseases characterized by cellular hyperproliferation or angiogenesis, are disclosed.

Abstract: A highly safe and effective prophylactic/ameliorating or therapeutic agent for NACH and the method for using the same are provided. A prophylactic/ameliorating or therapeutic agent for NASH containing a combination of at least one first ingredient selected from the group consisting of an ?3PUFA and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof and at least one second ingredient selected from the group consisting of (a) a biguanide hypoglycemic agent, (b) a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, (c) a 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, and (d) an angiotensin II receptor blocker as the active ingredients; and its method of use.

Abstract: In various embodiments, the present invention provides compositions and methods for treating and/or preventing a cardiovascular-related disease in subject in need thereof.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) are disclosed. Compounds according to the invention bind to and are agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists of the CB2 receptor, and are useful for treating inflammation. Those compounds which are agonists are additionally useful for treating pain.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds with activity as inhibitors of sAPP? and A? production, and methods for treating, preventing, or ameliorating neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and pharmaceutical compositions containing such candidate compounds.

Abstract: Glucono-delta-lactone (GDL) can be used to mediate the human blood coagulation process. In particular, GDL can be used in an assay to determine an individual's risk potential for accelerated blood clotting or as a treatment for conditions related to accelerated clotting potential and/or inflammatory states.

Abstract: The subject invention provides materials and methods for modulating a variety of biological factors to treat biological conditions associated with the factors. In one embodiment of the invention, a cysteamine compound is administered to a patient to treat hypercholesterolemia and/or complications associated with hypercholesterolemia. In another embodiment, a cysteamine compound is administered to a patient to prevent the onset of diabetes in an at-risk patient and/or treat or prevent the onset of diabetes-associated complications.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical preparation comprising a prior-release compartment containing a hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor as a pharmacologically active ingredient, and a delayed-release compartment containing a non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker as a pharmacologically active ingredient. The preparation of the present invention provides synergistic effects through combined administration of the non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker and the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, and induces the time-dependent absorption, metabolism and action mechanism of individual drugs through the controlled release thereof to avoid competitive antagonism between drugs, thus maximizing the effects of each pharmacologically active ingredient while minimizing side effects, for example, the risk of myopathy, and substantially increasing the compliance of patients by taking one tablet once a day.

Abstract: What is described is an implant that comprises a coating, at least in areas, in the implanted state in the surface areas that are at least directly in contact with skin and/or soft tissue. The implant is preferably characterized in that the coating comprises both a statin, such as simvastatin, in the hydrolyzed or unhydrolyzed form, or pharmaceutically compatible salts thereof, as well as at least one other component selected from the group consisting of branched or linear, substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or partially unsaturated C10-C30 alkyl, alkenyl, alkylaryl, aryl, cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, alkylcycloaryl amines or mixtures thereof and/or at least one water-soluble ionic polymer component. A method for production such an implant is also described as well as a composition that can be used in such a method.

Abstract: Preferred embodiments of the present invention are related to novel therapeutic drug combinations and methods for treating and/or preventing pulmonary arterial hypertension and/or stable angina. More particularly, aspects of the present invention are related to therapeutic combinations comprising a Rho-kinase inhibitor, such as fasudil, and one or more additional compounds selected from the group consisting of prostacyclins, such as iloprost, endothelin receptor antagonists, PDE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, 5-HT2A antagonists, such as sarpogrelate, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, such as fluoxetine, statins, and vascular remodeling modulators, such as Gleevec.

Abstract: The subject invention provides materials and methods for modulating a variety of biological factors to treat biological conditions associated with the factors. In one embodiment of the invention, a cysteamine compound is administered to a patient to treat hypercholesterolemia and/or complications associated with hypercholesterolemia. In another embodiment, a cysteamine compound is administered to a patient to prevent the onset of diabetes in an at-risk patient and/or treat or prevent the onset of diabetes-associated complications.