Abstract: The present invention relates to novel cathepsin S inhibitors, the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and N-oxides thereof, their uses as therapeutic agents and the methods of their making.

Abstract: Esters of L-carnitine and alkanoyl L-carnitines are described which can be used as cationic lipids for the intracellular delivery of pharmacologically active compounds. New esters of L-carnitine and alkanoyl L-carnitines of formula (I) are also disclosed wherein the R groups are as defined in the description.

Abstract: The use of carnitine and/or one or more acylcarnitines for producing cosmetic or dermatological preparations for producing cosmetic or dermatological preparations for increasing the biosynthesis of ceramide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a blend, and a process for its use, which is made up of specific castor polyesters and anionic surfactants, which when used to clean the hair provide detergency and cleaning attributes, but surprisingly also provide the hair with gloss.

Abstract: Use of carnitine and/or one or more acylcarnitines for producing cosmetic or dermatological preparations for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of pigment disorders.

Abstract: An ophthalmic fluid containing at least one triglyceride, diglyceride, or monoglyceride which is chemically similar or compatible with compounds found naturally in the lipid layer of the tear film of an ocular substrate. Preferably the glycerides are derived from a fatty acid containing at least one unsaturated bond in a cis-configuration in the fatty acid residue. The ophthalmic fluid is arranged in use to provide a protective film across a tear film of an ocular substrate. Furthermore, the ophthalmic fluid is also arranged in use to provide a protective film intermediate a lipid layer of the tear film of the ocular substrate and a contact lens.

Abstract: Methods of using propionoyloxymethyl propionate (“POMP”) and butyroyloxymethyl butyrate (“BOMB”) are disclosed. Methods of treating an illness, including cancer, hemological disorders and inherited metabolic disorders, as well as other conditions, using these compounds are disclosed. The compounds are effective in the inhibition of histone deacetylase.

Abstract: A seven-carbon fatty acid or derivative thereof has been identified as an excellent energy source for humans or human infants. A nutritional supplement suitable for humans or human infants comprising a seven carbon fatty acid chain compound or derivative thereof can be used to increase energy production derived from fatty acid metabolism. For example, administering a seven carbon fatty acid chain compound or derivative thereof can be used to accelerate the growth rate of a prematurely born human infant.

Abstract: A method for supplementing the diet of a subject with diabetes mellitus comprising administering to the subject medium-chain triglycerides (MTC) for optimization as to food physiology of the fatty acid spectrum in a dietary foodstuff. The use of MCT and a dietary foodstuff containing these MTC for particular medicinal purposes for supplementary monitored nutrition/dietary treatment of adults and teenagers with diabetes mellitus is described.

Abstract: A composition and method for promoting neutrophil survival and activation such as the treatment of neutropenia arising as an undesirable side effect of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. A composition containing medium-chain fatty acids, such as Capri acid or caprylic acid, or salts or triglycerides thereof, or mono- or diglycerides or other analogues thereof or medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) is administered to a human or animal needing treatment in an amount sufficient to reduce or eliminate neutropenia. The composition is administered in an amount effective to treat the disorder. The methods are also useful in the management of bone narrow transplantation and in the treatment of various neutropenic diseases.

Abstract: Novel mixed esters of dicarboxylic acids with monohydric fatty alcohols and propoxylated fatty alcohols show unexpected superior properties as pigment dispersants, especially for inorganic pigments used in foundations, make-ups, lipsticks and physical sunscreens. The compounds of the present invention show superior pigment wetting and dispersing properties, as demonstrated by their ability to form fluid, very high-solids dispersions, while exhibiting unusual emolliency and gloss formation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a regulator for the amount of body fat containing a medium chain triglyceride, which can be used conveniently without any concern about the side effect and any restraint on the diet. 90% by mass or more of fatty acids constituting medium chain triglycerides are comprised of saturated fatty acids having 8 and 10 carbon atoms, the ratio by mass of the saturated fatty acids having 8 carbon atoms to the saturated fatty acids having 10 carbon atoms is 60:40 to 85:15, and the saturated fatty acids having 8 carbon atoms is present in an amount of 60 to 85% by mass of the total fatty acids bonded to the triglycerides at the 2-position. In addition, the present invention relates to a food product containing the above-mentioned regulator for the amount of body fat, which product is capable of regulating the body fat.

Abstract: This disclosure describes antifungal antibiotics designated Hygroscopene A, Hygroscopene B and Hygroscopene C to their production by fermentation, to methods for recovery and concentration from the crude solutions, to a process for purification and to new analogs of Hygroscopene A, Hygroscopene B and Hygroscopene C prepared by synthetic procedures.

Abstract: The invention relates to oil composition comprising 0.1 to 59.8% by weight of a triglyceride, 40 to 99.7% by weight of a diglyceride, 0.1 to 10% by weight of a monoglyceride and at most 5% by weight of a free fatty acid, wherein contents of &ohgr;3 type unsaturated acyl groups having at least 20 carbon atoms and monoenoic acyl groups in acyl groups constituting the diglyceride are 15 to 89.5% by weight and 10 to 84.5% by weight, respectively; and oral medicinal compositions and foods comprising such an oil composition. The oil composition effectively develops physiological functions derived from &ohgr;3 type unsaturated fatty acids, such as inhibition of platelet aggregation, and is excellent in effect of facilitating combustion of body fat, oxidation stability, flavor and the like, and also excellent in flowability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to formulations comprising a therapeutically effective amount of pravastatin, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The present formulations are designed to prevent inactivation of pravastatin in the stomach, limit systemic exposure of the body to pravastatin, and maximize hepatic-specific absorption of the drug. The formulations of the present invention are particularly useful for treating and/or preventing conditions that are benefited by decreasing levels of lipids and/or cholesterol in the body.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compositions and methods of their use in treating, preventing, and/or managing one or more cardiovascular diseases using at least one poorly water-soluble statin, such as, for example, simvastatin and/or lovastatin. One method of the invention involves delaying release of the poorly water-soluble statin for a time sufficient to avoid metabolism of the statin at or near the gastrointestinal tract wall by the cytochrome P450 3A metabolic system, and releasing said statin in the ileum, colon, or both, with subsequent uptake into the hepatic portal vein and distribution to hepatocytes, wherein HMG-CoA reductase activity may be inhibited with minimal adverse drug interactions.

Abstract: A method and lactate compound for four unique purposes: (1) the provision of a fuel energy source to skeletal muscles, hearts and other tissues and organs of humans and other mammals during exercise and recovery; (2) cardiac energy supplementation following ischemia; (3) the maintenance of blood glucose and restoration of liver glycogen; and (4) the provision of fluid and electrolytes to humans and other mammals before, during and after exercise. The lactate compound is preferably a glycerol-lactate ester or a glycerol-acetate ester.

Abstract: The present invention provides a series of compounds having structural formulas 1

Abstract: In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a method of performing a medical procedure includes the step of applying a particular material to a portion of a bone of a mammal. The particular material includes at least one glyceride and stimulates bone growth. For example, cyclic adenosine monophosphate regulated lipases may metabolize the particular material after the particular material is applied to the bone. The at least one glyceride of the particular material and water within the mammal then may be converted into glycerol, fatty acid, and protons, which stimulates a conversion of osteoprogenitor cells into osteoblast cells. Subsequently, the glycerol and the fatty acid may be oxidized, and the oxidation may stimulate the conversion of adenosine diphosphate within the mammal into adenosine triphosphate. The osteoblast cells then may convert the adenosine triphosphate into adenosine diphosphate, such that energy is released.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of human and animal nutrition, and in particular to certain novel compositions of conjugated linoleic acids (CLA). In particular, the present invention relates certain isomers of conjugated linoleic acids at either the SN1 and SN3 or SN2 positions of the acylglyceride molecule and another fatty acyl residue at the other of the SN1 and SN3 or SN2 positions of the acylglyceride molecule. These novel acylglyceride compositions containing conjugated linoleic acyl residues, medium chain fatty acyl residues, long chain fatty acyl residues, and &ohgr;3, &ohgr;6, and &ohgr;9 fatty acyl residues are efficacious as pharmaceutical compositions, animal feed additives, and human dietary supplements.

Abstract: A lipid composition includes triacylglycerols that include unsaturated fatty acids such as alpha linolenic acid and antioxidant moeities such as pyruvic acid.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a novel antistress agent which can be used for suppressing stress. According to the present invention, there is provided an antistress agent which comprises a mixture of cyclic and/or straight chain poly lactic acids having a condensation degree of 3 to 20.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a group of related lipid molecules, and methods for their use, that maybe used to treat inflammation and certain inflammation related diseases. The group of related lipid molecules are capable of inhibiting certain enzyme systems including phospholipase A2, and cyclooxygenase-2. The group of related lipid molecules of the invention may be characterized by specific structural characteristics, or by specific biological activity, including inhibition of the previously listed enzymes.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a novel agent for protection against microorganism infection which can be used for protection against infection of pathogenic Escherichia coli such asO-157, or Helicobacter pylori. According to the present invention, there is provided an agent for protection against microorganism infection which comprises a mixture of cyclic and/or straight chain poly lactic acids having a condensation degree of 3 to 20.

Abstract: Stable oil containing long-chain polyunsaturated essential fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) in the form of triacylglycerols, in particular arachidonic acid (ARA), dihomogammalinolenic acid (DHGLA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Such an oil may be prepared by bringing a carrier oil into contact with a biomass obtained from the culture of a microorganism, in particular a fungus or a microalga containing the acids ARA, DHGLA, DHA or EPA. These oils can be incorporated into the composition of a foodstuff, of a cosmetic or pharmaceutical product.

Abstract: Novel synthetic forms of etherified oxidized phospholipids and methods of utilizing same for preventing and treating atherosclerosis and other related disorders, as well as inflammatory disorders, immune mediated diseases, autoimmune diseases and proliferative disorders, are provided. In addition, methods of synthesizing etherified and esterified oxidized phospholipids and of using same for preventing and treating atherosclerosis and other related disorders are also provided.

Abstract: Compositions for treating or preventing fat maldistribution or hyperlipidemia resulting from anti-retroviral treatment of HIV-1 infection are disclosed. The compositions contain a conjugated fatty acid or alcohol and at least one member selected from the group consisting of a thiol-containing compound and a bioavailable form of trivalent chromium. Methods of treating a subject suffering from HIV-associated fat maldistribution or hyperlipidemia by administering a composition that includes a conjugated fatty acid or conjugated fatty alcohol and at least one member selected from the group consisting of a thiol-containing compound and a bioavailable form of trivalent chromium are similarly provided.

Abstract: A method and lactate compound for four unique purposes: (1) the provision of a fuel energy source to skeletal muscles, hearts and other tissues and organs of humans and other mammals during exercise and recovery; (2) cardiac energy supplementation following ischemia; (3) the maintenance of blood glucose and restoration of liver glycogen; and (4) the provision of fluid and electrolytes to humans and other mammals before, during and after exercise. The lactate compound is preferably a glycerol-lactate ester or a glycerol-acetate ester.

Abstract: The invention provides a kernel oil extracted from plant kernels, comprising triglyceride 90-99.9%, diglyceride 0.01-5%, monoglycerides 0.01-3%, sitosterol 0.1-2.5% and cyclolanosterol 0.01-1%. The invention also provides two methods for the extraction of said kernel oil, the pharmaceutical compositions and the uses thereof.

Abstract: A method of reducing the rate of mammalian hair growth includes topically applying a composition containing a sulfhydryl reactive compound to the skin.

Abstract: A seven-carbon fatty acid, preferably n-heptanoic acid, has been identified as an excellent energy source for patients suffering from inherited metabolic disorders or acquired metabolic derangements, especially defects in long-chain fatty acid metabolism. A seven-carbon fatty acid can also be provided in a nutritional supplement for patients who need an increase in the energy production derived from fatty acid metabolism.

Abstract: An orally administered, novel dietary supplement or therapeutic composition capable of insulin-like activity in animals, preferably humans, is provided. Contained in the composition are therapeutically effective amounts of vanadyl sulfate, alpha-lipoic acid, taurine, and chromium carnitine. The composition is preferably orally administered on a daily basis for at least about 4 weeks and can be used by normal, healthy individuals as well as diabetics.

Abstract: Beta-glucan soluble fiber and non-digestible fats are administered orally to reduce blood cholesterol levels and to control postprandial blood glucose and insulin levels. The beta-glucan soluble fiber and non-digestible fat may be administered as separate compounds, as a mixture, or combined with other materials and administered in the form of an appealing food.

Abstract: One aspect of the invention relates to anti-viral composition containing at least one zinc compound and at least one phenolic antioxidant (and optionally other ingredients such as at least one analgesic) at least one hydrocarbyl containing compound, and water. Another aspect of the invention relates to a method of treating lesionous symptoms of a viral infection involving applying an effective amount of the zinc containing anti-viral composition to the lesions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cooling compositions comprising a cooling agent (preferably menthyl lactate) together with an ester derivative (preferably tri-ethyl citrate). Such compositions deliver immediate and long lasting freshness sensation, while maintaining or even improving skin and/or mucosal membrane health to which they are contacted and deodorizing said skin and/or mucosal membrane.

Abstract: Nutritional supplements for treating dry eye, meibomian gland inflammation, meibomian gland dysfunction or xerostomia comprising flaxseed oil, or a GLA-rich oil, combined with a n-3 rich oil, such as fish oil which is rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaeonic acid (DHA), are disclosed. Methods of treating dry eye, meibomian gland inflammation, meibomian gland dysfunction or dry mouth by administering the supplements are also described.

Abstract: Angiogenic endothelial cells are selectively targeted with lipid/DNA complexes or cationic liposomes containing a substance which affects the targeted cells by inhibiting or promoting their growth. A site of angiogenesis can be precisely located by administering cationic liposomes containing a detectable label. The complexes may comprise nucleotide constructs which are comprised of promoters which are selectively and exclusively activated in the environment of an angiogenic endothelial cell.

Abstract: The present invention provides a blood neutral fat concentration controlling agent containing medium-chain triglycerides, wherein at least 90% by mass of the fatty acids constituting the medium-chain triglycerides are saturated fatty acids having 8 and 10 carbon atoms, a mass ratio of the saturated fatty acid having 8 carbon atoms to the saturated fatty acid having 10 carbon atoms is 60/40 to 85/15, and an amount of the saturated fatty acid having 8 carbon atoms is 60 to 85% by mass based on the total fatty acids bonded to the 2-position of the triglycerides, and also foods for controlling blood neutral fat concentration, which contain the agent. According to the present invention, the neutral fat concentration in human blood can be easily controlled without dieting and without fear of side effects.

Abstract: A compound of Formula I, providing tetrapartate prodrugs is provided wherein: L1 is a bifunctional linking moiety; D is a moiety that is a leaving group, or a residue of a compound to be delivered into a cell; Z is covalently linked to [D]y, wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of: a moiety that is actively transported into a target cell, a hydrophobic moiety, and combinations thereof, Y1, Y2, Y3 and Y4 are each independently O, S, or NR12; R11 is a mono- or divalent polymer residue; R1, R4, R9, R10 and R12 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-6 alkyls, C3-12 branched alkyls, C3-8 cycloalkyls, C1-6 substituted alkyls, C3-8 substituted cycloalkyls, aryls, substituted aryls, aralkyls, C1-6 heteroalkyls and substituted C1-6 heteroalkyls; R2, R3, R5 and R6 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-6 alkyls, C1-6 alkoxy, phenoxy, C1-8 heteroalkyls, C1-8 heteroalkoxy, substituted C1-6 alkyls, C3-8 cycloalkyls, C

Abstract: The invention concerns novel derivatives of 3,3-diphenylpropylamines, methods for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing the novel compounds, and the use of the compounds for preparing drugs. More particularly, the invention relates to novel prodrugs of antimuscarinic agents with superior pharmacokinetic properties compared to existing drugs such as oxybutynin and tolterodine, methods for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, a method of using said compounds and compositions for the treatment of urinary incontinence, gastrointestinal hyperactivity (irritable bowel syndrome) and other smooth muscle contractile conditions.

Abstract: This invention provides a novel antioxidant, kombic acid or a derivative thereof, obtained from crude kombo butter suitable for preventing oxidation of various organic materials. In particular, the invention relates to the use of kombic acid as an antioxidant in the treatment of cancer, the inhibition of proliferation of cells, and in lowering levels of cholesterol both in vivo and in vitro.

Abstract: A polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing composition for treating hypertriglyceridemia and methods of use thereof are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of one or more fumaric acid derivatives as NF-kappaB inhibitor. At the same time, the present invention relates to the use of the fumaric acid derivatives for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for treating diseases that may be influenced by NF-kappaB.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition contains at least one inhibitor of lipases and at least one fatty acid ester of polyol. In this composition, the fatty acid ester has a melting point above the body temperature and the polyols are chosen from the group consisting of sugars, sugar derivatives, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an improved method to detect and monitor a subject having cystic fibrosis (CF) by employing at least one anti-granulocyte/neutrophil antibody or a fragment thereof and a diagnostic agent via various imaging methods, wherein said anti-granulocyte antibody is not a murine MN-3 antibody Fab′ fragment that is radiolabeled with 99mTc. Pretargeting methods for improved imaging of granulocytes accumulated in CF are also described. It is further directed to a simple, noninvasive, and effective test that can assess neutrophil delivery to the lower airways of patients with CF and other neutrophil-mediated lung diseases.

Abstract: Novel acetyloxymethyl esters are disclosed. Methods of treating an illness, including cancer, hemological disorders and inherited metabolic disorders, and treating or ameliorating other conditions using these compounds are also disclosed. The compounds are effective in the inhibition of histone deacetylase.

Abstract: Novel insect repellents having ester bonds such that when deposited on skin, natural skin cleaning agents provide slow release of the active.

Abstract: Methods of using propionoyloxymethyl propionate (“POMP”) and butyroyloxymethyl butyrate (“BOMB”) are disclosed. Methods of treating cancer using these compounds are disclosed. The compounds are effective in the inhibition of histone deacetylase.

Abstract: A food supplement with a “slimming” effect is disclosed which strengthens the skeletal muscle, protecting the cardio-vascular apparatus of the user, and has as its characterising components propionyl L-carnitine, coenzyme Q10 nicotinamide, riboflavin and pantothenic acid.

Abstract: A product and the use thereof to stimulate and/or modulate immune response in animals and humans, comprising lipids having a glycerol backbone carrying at least one alkyl or acyl chain, wherein the lipid is phospholipid, glycolipid or neutral lipid, saturated or unsaturated, and the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon tails lies between (10 and 22) inclusive, the lipids being defined as esters of glycerol (propane 1,2,3-triol) with fatty acids, also including 1,2-di-O-acylglycerol joined at oxygen (3) by a glycosidic linkage to a carbohydrate, also derivatives of glycerol in which one hydroxy group, commonly but not necessarly primary, is esterified with fatty acids, and execluding those organic compounds consisting of a trisaccharide repeating unit with oligosaccharide side chains and acyl or amine linked fatty acids.