Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to compounds comprising homotaurine that may be used in improving the general mental condition and/or general brain function of a non-human animal, and for the prophylaxis of chronic, aging-related mental deterioration in non-human animals. In addition, the present disclosure generally relates to compositions comprising homotaurine that may be used in determining whether a candidate veterinary compound and/or a candidate formulation can improve general mental condition and/or general brain function of animals and for the prophylaxis of chronic, aging-related mental deterioration in non-human animals.

Abstract: Orally-administrable, pharmaceutical formulations comprising a plurality of pellets are described herein. The pellets comprise a core, a release coating, and an enteric coating, where the release coating comprises, for example, an HPMC.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dosage form comprising at least one functionalized calcium carbonate-comprising material (FCC) and at least one hot melt extruded polymer resin, a method for producing same, a pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, cosmetic, home and personal care product comprising the dosage form and the uses thereof.

Abstract: A soft conductive composition can include: a crosslinked silicone composition; and single-walled or multi-walled carbon nanotubes in the silicone composition. A neural probe or other implant can include the soft conducive composition on a least a portion of the implant body. A method of making an implant can include: selecting PDMS precursors; cross-linking the PDMS precursor to obtain an elastic modulus of about 3-9 kPa or +/?1%, 5%, 10%, 20%, or 50%; selecting the carbon nanotubes; introducing the carbon nanotubes into the crosslinked PDMS to form a soft conductive composite composition; and coating the soft conductive composite composition onto at least a portion of an implant. A method of measuring properties at a neural interface can include: providing a neural probe having a soft conductive composition; implanting the neural probe having the soft conductive composition at a neural interface; and measuring a property with the neural probe.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to compositions and methods for the treatment and/or prevention of one or more of obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), aging, fibromyalgia, dyslipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, dyslipidemia, Parkinson's disease, migraines, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD)/Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Cancer, Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)/Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), Chronic Pain, neuralgia, depression, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and epilepsy, Insufficient Cellular Energy (ICE) and mitochondrial dysfunction. The present disclosure also pertains to methods for increasing mental and/or physical performance levels and/or decreasing exertion during exercise in a subject by the administration of C5 ketones.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to compounds comprising homotaurine that may be used in improving the general mental condition and/or general brain function of a non-human animal, and for the prophylaxis of chronic, aging-related mental deterioration in non-human animals. In addition, the present disclosure generally relates to compositions comprising homotaurine that may be used in determining whether a candidate veterinary compound and/or a candidate formulation can improve general mental condition and/or general brain function of animals and for the prophylaxis of chronic, aging-related mental deterioration in non-human animals.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for the production of magnesium N-acetyl taurinate, in particular a process for the production of magnesium N-acetyltaurinate dihydrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of glucomoringin (GMG) and of the corresponding isothiocyanate derivative glucomoringin des-thioglucoside (GMG-ITC) as modulators of peripheral pain with specific reference to that linked with diabetic peripheral neuropathy and chemotherapy-induced neuropathy.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to polymers comprising conjugates of cyclodextrin or derivatives thereof and a linker moiety, and their application in treating lipid storage disorders by the removal of lipids such as cholesterol from cells. The polymers having the following structure: Formula (I), wherein CD, L, and n are defined herein, exhibit improved properties including but not limited to improved biocompatibility, improved retention time, prolonged duration of action in cells, and increased efficacy in treating a variety of kidney diseases and associated conditions.

Abstract: This invention teaches the use of chelating agents to diagnose and treat metal toxins in a patient. Chelation agents are given to the mother for the benefit of the baby. Metal toxins such as lead, arsenic, mercury, tin, antimony, aluminum and others are known to cause miscarriages, birth defects, maldevelopment of the organs and tissues and maldevelopment of the brain. Chelation treatments of the mother can prevent these problems in the embryo, fetus and infant. Removal of lead and mercury and other toxins allows improved development of the offspring, both during the chelation and after the chelation is discontinued. Determining whether a mother who has just delivered a baby has elevated levels of heavy metals can also be used to identify the elevated metals of the mother as a possible cause of birth defects.

Abstract: The disclosure provides compositions and methods for sensitizing primary HIV-1, including transmitted/founder viruses, to neutralization by monoclonal antibodies, e.g., those directed against CD4-induced (CD4i) epitopes and the V3 region. In certain embodiments, the disclosure relates to the use of small molecules as microbicides to inhibit HIV-1 infection directly and to sensitize primary HIV-1 to neutralization by readily elicited antibodies.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of treating soft tissue calcification in a subject, comprising a step of administering to said subject an effective amount of ferric organic compound, such as ferric citrate. The claimed methods may prevent, reverse, delay or stabilize soft tissue calcification in a subject having chronic kidney disease. Affected soft tissue calcification includes soft tissue calcification in the joint, skin, eye, in cardiovascular system such as heart valve, myocardium, coronary arteries and arteriole, or in internal organs such as kidney and lung.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of treating soft tissue calcification in a subject, comprising a step of administering to said subject an effective amount of ferric organic compound, such as ferric citrate. The claimed methods may prevent, reverse, delay or stabilize soft tissue calcification in a subject having chronic kidney disease. Affected soft tissue calcification includes soft tissue calcification in the joint, skin, eye, in cardiovascular system such as heart valve, myocardium, coronary arteries and arteriole, or in internal organs such as kidney and lung.

Abstract: This invention teaches the use of chelating agents to diagnose and treat metal toxins in a patient. Chelation agents are given to the mother for the benefit of the baby. Metal toxins such as lead, arsenic, mercury, tin, antimony, aluminum and others are known to cause miscarriages, birth defects, maldevelopment of the organs and tissues and maldevelopment of the brain. Chelation treatments of the mother can prevent these problems in the embryo, fetus and infant. Removal of lead and mercury and other toxins allows improved development of the offspring, both during the chelation and after the chelation is discontinued. Determining whether a mother who has just delivered a baby has elevated levels of heavy metals can also be used to identify the elevated metals of the mother as a possible cause of birth defects.

Abstract: Fibrotic diseases are characterized by the replacement of healthy tissue with scar tissue and extracellular matrix in response to tissue damage. Here we describe the reduction of extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, interstitial fibroblasts, interstitial volume, expression of Collagen I mRNA and protein, expression of profibrotic cytokines and macrophage infiltration by Cysteamine treatment.

Abstract: Biologically acceptable composition for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of colorectal cancer. The composition contains an iron chelator, and the composition is adapted for the selective targeting of the iron chelator to the colon. The iron chelator is non-digestible, non-absorbable and non-fermentable in the gastrointestinal tract.

Abstract: Described herein are small-molecule mimics of CD4, which both enter the Phe43 cavity and target Asp368 of gp120, the HIV-1 envelope protein. Also described herein are methods of using these compounds to inhibit the transmission or progression of HIV infection. These compounds exhibit antiviral potency greater than that of a known antiviral, NBD-556, with 100% breadth against clade B and C viruses. Importantly, the compounds do not activate HIV infection of CD4-negative, CCR5-positive cells, in contrast to NBD-556.

Abstract: This invention teaches the use of chelating agents to diagnose and treat metal toxins in a patient. Chelation agents are given to the mother for the benefit of the baby. Metal toxins such as lead, arsenic, mercury, tin, antimony, aluminum and others are known to cause miscarriages, birth defects, maldevelopment of the organs and tissues and maldevelopment of the brain. Chelation treatments of the mother can prevent these problems in the embryo, fetus and infant. Removal of lead and mercury and other toxins allows improved development of the offspring, both during the chelation and alter the chelation is discontinued. Determining whether a mother who has just delivered a baby has elevated levels of heavy metals can also be used to identify the elevated metals of the mother as a possible cause of birth defects.

Abstract: The subject matter of the present invention is Zn N-acetyltaurinate of formula: [CH3—CO—NH—CH2—CH2—SO3]2?Zn2+ for preventing and/or treating diseases with lipofuscin accumulation due in particular to aging or to oxidative stress, and for preparing a medicament that is of use in treating these diseases. Use: treatment of diseases related to aging or to oxidative stress, in particular age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein generally relate to acamprosate formulations, methods of use of the formulations, to methods of using the formulations in combination with at least one other medication, and to combination products and compositions comprising the formulations and at least one other medication, such as neuroleptic (antipsychotic) and/or antidepressant drugs.

Abstract: An aqueous disinfecting solution having a pH of from about 0.5 to about 6 consists essentially of hydrogen peroxide in a concentration of from about 0.05 to about 8 w/w % of the total solution, at least one anionic surfactant in a concentration of from about 0.02 to about 8 w/w % of the total solution, and at least one additional ingredient chosen from benzyl alcohol, an alcohol comprising one to six carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof, in a concentration of from about 0.1 to about 10 w/w % of the total solution.

Abstract: Methods are provided for reducing copper values for, by way of example, treating, preventing or ameliorating tissue damage such as, for example, tissue damage that may be caused by (i) disorders of the heart muscle (for example, cardiomyopathy or myocarditis) such as idiopathic cardiomyopathy, metabolic cardiomyopathy which includes diabetic cardiomyopathy, alcoholic cardiomyopathy, drug-induced cardiomyopathy, ischemic cardiomyopathy, and hypertensive cardiomyopathy, (ii) atheromatous disorders of the major blood vessels (macrovascular disease) such as the aorta, the coronary arteries, the carotid arteries, the cerebrovascular arteries, the renal arteries, the iliac arteries, the femoral arteries, and the popliteal arteries, (iii) drug induced, and metabolic (including hypertensive and/or diabetic disorders of small blood vessels (microvascular disease) such as the retinal arterioles, the glomerular arterioles, the vasa nervorum, cardiac arterioles, and associated capillary beds of the eye, the kidney, the h

Abstract: The present invention is generally drawn to novel isolated therapeutic agents, termed resolvins, generated from the interaction between a dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), cyclooxygenase-II (COX-2) and an analgesic, such as aspirin (ASA). Surprisingly, careful isolation of compounds generated from the combination of components in an appropriate environment provide di- and tri-hydroxy EPA or DHA compounds having unique structural and physiological properties. The present invention therefore provides for many new useful therapeutic di- or tri-hydroxy derivatives of EPA or DHA (resolvins) that diminish, prevent, or eliminate inflammation or PMN migration, for example. The present invention also provides methods of use, methods of preparation, and packaged pharmaceuticals for use as medicaments for the compounds disclosed throughout the specification.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of preparing a solid form of acetic acid. The method at least includes the steps of combining a solid acid and a metal acetate with a solvent to form a slurry. After a predetermined period of time, a solid form of acetic acid is recovered. The present invention also includes a solid product of acetic acid produced by the above-mentioned method. There is also disclosed a formulation including the solid product of acetic acid according to the present invention. Further, there is disclosed a cleaning system including the formulation according to the present invention.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compositions comprising formic acid as an active ingredient and a softening agent or emollient for use in the treatment of fungal infections of the skin and/or nail(s) of mammals, as well as methods for treatment utilizing such compositions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition having an excellent controlling activity on plant disease. The composition comprising the compound represented by the formula (1) and one or more carbamate fungicidal compound selected from the group (A) shows an excellent controlling activity on a plant disease. group (A): a group consisting of benthiavalicarb, iprovalicarb, propamocarb, and metam.

Abstract: The invention relates to derivatives of (1-cyanocyclopropyl)phenylphosphinic acid of the formula (I) and to salts thereof, of the formula (II), for enhancing stress tolerance in plants to abiotic stress, preferably to drought stress, especially for enhancing plant growth and/or for increasing plant yield.

Abstract: Described herein are small-molecule mimics of CD4, which both enter the Phe43 cavity and target Asp368 of gp120, the HIV-1 envelope protein. Also described herein are methods of using these compounds to inhibit the transmission or progression of HIV infection. These compounds exhibit antiviral potency greater than that of a known antiviral, NBD-556, with 100% breadth against clade B and C viruses. Importantly, the compounds do not activate HIV infection of CD4-negative, CCR5-positive cells, in contrast to NBD-556.

Abstract: Provided are new fatty acid derivatives, methods for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions including such compounds, and methods of using these compounds and compositions, e.g., as agents for the treatment of obesity and related disorders, and for improving cognition.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I), compositions comprising an effective amount of a compound of Formula (I), optionally with chemotherapeutic drugs such as a tubulin-binding drug, and methods of their use for reducing the toxicity of cytotoxic agents, treating or preventing cancer or a neuropathic disorder, inducing a chemoprotective phase II enzyme, DNA, or protein synthesis, enhancing the immune system, treating inflammation, improving and enhancing general health or well-being, and methods for making compounds of Formula (I).

Abstract: Disclosed is a cosmetic or dermatological formulation comprising a) at least one polyol in a concentration of from 0.1 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulation, and b) at least one diol selected from 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, pentanediol, and hexanediol, in a concentration of from 0.1 to 25% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulation.

Abstract: A method of measuring the effect of an active agent or a stressor on the baseline metabolic indicators of one or more hair follicles, the method including (a) obtaining one or more hair follicles; (b) placing the one or more hair follicles in a vessel, wherein the one or more hair follicles are positioned under one or more sensors; (c) using the one or more sensors to measure the one or more hair follicles' baseline metabolic indicators for both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation; (d) exposing the one or more hair follicles to an active agent or a stressor; and (e) using the one or more sensors to measure the one or more hair follicles' respondent metabolic indicators for both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation.

Abstract: Therapeutic formulations and methods for inhibiting amyloid deposition in a subject, whatever its clinical setting, are described. Therapeutic formulations and methods for preventing or treating amyloidosis and/or amyloid-related disease are also described.

Abstract: Described is a composition for preventing or treating an oxidative stress related disease or condition in a subject. The disease or condition is characterized by the presence of excess oxidative compounds in the subject, and the composition includes a synergistic combination of therapeutically effective amounts of resveratrol to promote NAD+ synthesis in the subject; a chelating agent to reduce production of additional oxidative compounds in the subject; and an antioxidant to minimize the oxidative activity in the subject.

Abstract: A process for improving the health of a subject, the process comprising orally administering a composition comprising hydroxytyrosol to the subject to provide the subject with a daily dose of about 0.1 to about 750 ?g hydroxytyrosol per kg of body weight, and a dietary supplement in dosage unit form for oral administration, the dosage unit form comprising a composition containing about 1 microgram to about 50 milligrams hydroxytyrosol or an ester or salt thereof.

Abstract: A skin disinfectant in ready-to-use concentrated liquid or dry powdered form. Ready-to-use liquid forms have a pH of from about 2 to about 6 and include: (a) hydrogen peroxide in a concentration of from about 0.01 to about 4% w/w of the solution; (b) at least one surfactant chosen from imidazoline derivatives, alkyl betaines, alkyl amidopropyl betaine amides, alkyl amidopropyl betaines, alkylsulfo betaines, amine oxides and derivatives thereof in a concentration of from about 0.01 to about 15% w/w of the solution; (c) at least one hydrogen peroxide stabilizer in a concentration of from about 0.01 to about 4% w/w of the solution; (d) at least one member chosen from cyclic carboxylic acids and salts thereof in a concentration of from about 0.01 to about 4% w/w of the solution; and (e) at least one skin conditioning agent in a concentration of from about 0.01 to about 10% w/w of the solution.

Abstract: Methods for treating melanoma in a subject in need thereof are disclosed. The method comprises administering to the subject a composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of deoxyelephantopin or an analogue thereof; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Methods of inhibiting proliferation, migration and/or metastasis of melanoma cells in a subject in need thereof are also disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for reducing side effects of an anti-cancer agent in a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of pre-rinsing laundry and treating other surfaces employing a composition that can kill bedbug eggs. The composition includes an anionic compound and is at pH just above neutral, e.g., about 7 to about 9.

Abstract: Methods, compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and kits are described for treating or preventing amyloid-related disease.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of cystamine analogues for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. The present invention also relates to the use of composition comprising cystamine analogues and cysteine. The present invention relates to a method for modifying the progression of Parkinson's disease comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of at least one cystamine analogue or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a cystamine analogue to a patient in need thereof.

Abstract: An aqueous disinfecting solution having a pH from about 0.5 to about 6 and consisting essentially of hydrogen peroxide in a concentration from about 0.05 to about 8 w/w % of the total solution; at least one anionic surfactant in a concentration from about 0.02 to about 8 w/w % of the total solution, selected from sulfonated C12 to C22 carboxylic acids and alkali metal, ammonium, calcium and magnesium salts thereof; naphthalene sulfonic acids and alkali metal, ammonium, calcium and magnesium salts thereof; C8 to C22 alkyl sulfonic acids and alkali metal, ammonium, calcium and magnesium salts thereof; and alkyl or alkenyl esters or diesters of sulfosuccinic acids in which the alkyl or alkenyl groups independently contain from six to eighteen carbon atoms and alkali metal, ammonium, calcium and magnesium salts thereof; and benzyl alcohol in a concentration from about 0.1 to about 10 w/w % of the solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cosmetic composition, which comprises a combination of at least two osmolytes chosen from the group comprising taurine or a derivative thereof, inositol, betaine and trehalose. This composition is intended for restoring, maintaining or reinforcing the moisturization of the skin and/or for protecting it against different types of stress and/or for preventing or retarding the appearance of the signs of aging of the skin, or for attenuating the effects thereof, or alternatively for promoting cell or tissue longevity.

Abstract: Methods, formulations, and compositions for the treatment of amyloidosis are described.

Abstract: The present invention provides an environmentally compatible, pesticidal composition and method for the control of insect pests. The composition includes two components. The first component is a chelating agent, a metal complex of a chelating agent, and mixtures thereof, and the second component is preferably a carrier material.

Abstract: Methods are provided for reducing copper values for, by way of example, treating, preventing or ameliorating tissue damage such as, for example, tissue damage that may be caused by (i) disorders of the heart muscle (for example, cardiomyopathy or myocarditis) such as idiopathic cardiomyopathy, metabolic cardiomyopathy which includes diabetic cardiomyopathy, alcoholic cardiomyopathy, drug-induced cardiomyopathy, ischemic cardiomyopathy, and hypertensive cardiomyopathy, (ii) atheromatous disorders of the major blood vessels (macrovascular disease) such as the aorta, the coronary arteries, the carotid arteries, the cerebrovascular arteries, the renal arteries, the iliac arteries, the femoral arteries, and the popliteal arteries, (iii) toxic, drug-induced, and metabolic (including hypertensive and/or diabetic disorders of small blood vessels (microvascular disease) such as the retinal arterioles, the glomerular arterioles, the vasa nervorum, cardiac arterioles, and associated capillary beds of the eye, the kidney

Abstract: The invention relates to acidified cocoa nibs, wherein the nibs comprise at least 20 mg/g of polyphenols, preferably more than 30 mg/g of polyphenols, most preferably from 40 to 60 mg/g of polyphenols, cocoa refiner or expeller flakes, liquor, cakes, and cocoa powder obtainable from the nibs and a process for producing cocoa-derived material, comprising the steps of: (i) treating cocoa nibs obtained from beans or seeds which have a higher polyphenol content than fermented cocoa beans with an acid; and (ii) optionally drying the nibs.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compositions comprising formic acid as an active ingredient and a softening agent or emollient for use in the treatment of fungal infections of the skin and/or nail(s) of mammals, as well as methods for treatment utilizing such compositions.

Abstract: Novel chemical conjugates derived from unsaturated fatty acids and therapeutically active agents, are disclosed. The chemical conjugates are designed and characterized as COX-2 and/or 5-LOX inhibitors and are useful in the treatment of inflammatory diseases and disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, asthma, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, pain, primary dysmenorrhea, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein generally relate to acamprosate formulations, methods of use of the formulations, to methods of using the formulations in combination with at least one other medication, and to combination products and compositions comprising the formulations and at least one other medication, such as neuroleptic (antipsychotic) and/or antidepressant drugs.

Abstract: A salt of a polyamine having the formula: with a pharmaceutically acceptable organic or inorganic acid, wherein at least one of the bridging groups ALK1, ALK2 and ALK3 contains at least one —CH(OH)-group which is not alpha- to any of the nitrogen atoms.