Abstract: A pest control agent containing a compound represented by the following Formula (1), wherein A represents a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or the like, K represents a non-metal atom group necessary for forming a cyclic linking group derived from a 5- or 6-membered aromatic ring, in combination with A and two carbon atoms to which A bonds, X represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or the like, n represents an integer of from 0 to 4, T represents —C(?G1)-Q1 (wherein G1 and G2 represent an oxygen atom or the like, Q1 represents a phenyl group which may have a substituent, a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent, or the like), or the like, Q2 represents a phenyl group or the like, G3 represents an oxygen atom or the like, and R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group, or a group represented by -L-D, or the like (provided that at least either R1 or R2 represents a group represented by -L-D); as an active ingredient exhibits an excellent effect.

Abstract: Provided are various compounds of Formula (I): Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the above compounds. Additionally, methods of inhibiting macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) activity in a mammal are provided, as are methods of treating or preventing inflammation in a mammal. Further provided are methods of treating a mammal having sepsis, septicemia, and/or endotoxic shock. Also provided are methods of treating a mammal having an autoimmune disease, and methods of treating a mammal having a tumor.

Abstract: The present invention discloses hydrocarbylidene nitrohydrozinecarboximidamides and the use thereof as well as a method for making the same. The structural general formula of the compounds are shown in formula I, wherein, R1 is C1-C10 saturated and/or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbonyl, benzyl, substituted benzyl, halogenated picolyl, halogenated thiazolyl methyl, tetrahydrofuryl methyl or oxazolyl methyl; R2 is hydrogen, C1-C5 saturated and/or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbonyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, pyridyl or substituted pyridyl; R3 is hydrogen, C1-C10 saturated and/or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbonyl, furyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, benzyl or substituted benzyl. The tests of insecticidal activity show that the hydrocarbylidene nitrohydrozinecarboximidamides shown by formula (I) have high preventive efficiency against insect pests of plants, such as aphid, plant hopper, cotton bollworm, asparagus caterpillar, and the like, and can be used as plant insecticides.

Abstract: A pest control agent containing a compound represented by the following Formula (1), wherein A represents a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or the like, K represents a non-metal atom group necessary for forming a cyclic linking group derived from a 5- or 6-membered aromatic ring, in combination with A and two carbon atoms to which A bonds, X represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or the like, n represents an integer of from 0 to 4, T represents —C(=G1)-Q1 (wherein G1 and G2 represent an oxygen atom or the like, Q1 represents a phenyl group which may have a substituent, a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent, or the like), or the like, Q2 represents a phenyl group or the like, G3 represents an oxygen atom or the like, and R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group, or a group represented by -L-D, or the like (provided that at least either R1 or R2 represents a group represented by -L-D); as an active ingredient exhibits an excellent effect.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of identifying and/or detecting anti-cancer agents. The present invention provides methods of identifying and/or detecting compounds that can activate PARP and/or induce necrosis. The present invention also provides for methods of treating cancer in an individual. The present invention also provides kits for identifying and/or detecting anti-cancer agents.

Abstract: This invention generally relates to improvement of the body and skin appearance, for example enhancing the appearance of sagging, wrinkled, or cellulite-afflicted areas of the skin and body, through the local delivery of a nitric oxide donor, for example, using delivery vehicles such as lotions, creams, liquids, and/or transdermal patches. In some embodiments, a delivery vehicle containing a nitric oxide donor, for example, L-arginine (an important biological precursor) or its derivatives in a sufficient concentration to improve the appearance of a selected area of the body may be applied. In certain cases, one or more agents may also be included that aid in the transfer of the nitric oxide donor into the tissue, which may overcome the resistance to transfer into the skin. Non-limiting examples of suitable agents include agents able to create hostile biophysical environments, for instance, choline chloride, magnesium chloride, and/or sodium chloride.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions comprising carbon-based diazeniumdiolates that release nitric oxide (NO). The carbon-based diazeniumdiolated molecules release NO spontaneously under physiological conditions without subsequent nitrosamine formation. The present invention also relates to methods of preparing the carbon-based diazeniumdiolated molecules, compositions comprising such molecules, methods of using such compositions, and devices employing such molecule compositions.

Abstract: Provided are various compounds of Formula (I): Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the above compounds. Additionally, methods of inhibiting macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) activity in a mammal are provided, as are methods of treating or preventing inflammation in a mammal. Further provided are methods of treating a mammal having sepsis, septicemia, and/or endotoxic shock. Also provided are methods of treating a mammal having an autoimmune disease, and methods of treating a mammal having a tumor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for controlling chinch bugs comprising introducing to a locus where chinch bug control is needed or expected to be needed a composition comprising a nitroguanidine insecticide.

Abstract: A method is provided for enhancing the solubility of an ionizable compound in a lipophilic medium by admixing the compound with an effective solubility-enhancing amount of an N,N-dinitramide salt. The ionizable compound, upon ionization, gives rise to a biologically active cationic species that ionically associates with the N,N-dinitramide anion N(NO2)2− following admixture with the N,N-dinitramide salt. The biologically active cationic species may be a pharmacologically active cation, in which case the method is useful for enhancing the penetration of the blood-brain barrier by the pharmacologically active cation. In other embodiments, the ionizable compounds are medical imaging or diagnostic agents, or agricultural agents such as pesticides. Salts of biologically active cations and N,N-dinitramide ion are also provided as novel compositions of matter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel substituted imide derivatives of the general formula (I) in which R1 represents optionally substituted cycloalkyl, R2 represents optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted cycloalkyl, R3 represents alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, amino, alkylamino or dialkylamino and R4 represents cyano or nitro, and to processes for their preparation and to their use for controlling animal pests and as herbicides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel imidamide derivatives of the formula (I) in which R, R1, R2 and R3 are each as defined in the description, to a process for their preparation and to their use for controlling animal pests, such as insects, arachnids and, in particular, nematodes.

Abstract: Peptidomimetic compositions for selective inhibition of neuronal nitric oxide synthase.

Abstract: Compositions of matter comprising a substituted cyclodextrin and cytotoxic compound, especially cytotoxic drugs such as antibiotic, anti-fungal and anti-neoplastic, drugs are claimed. The compositions cause significantly less ulceration compared to the same formulation of cytotoxic compound without cyclodextrin compound when extravasated. The compositions may also cause less vascular irritation compared to the same formulation of cytotoxic compound without cyclodextrin when administered intravenously without extravasation. Compositions of matter comprising watersoluble cytotoxic agents, especially anticancer drugs and anti-ulceration effective or anti-irritatioin effective amounts of cyclodextrin compounds are also claimed. Methods for reducing the likelihood of ulceration and or irritation when administering the compositions according to the invention are also disclosed and claimed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel substituted imide derivatives of the general formula (I) 1

Abstract: The instant invention provides compositions and methods for modeling post-Amadori AGE formation and the identification and characterization of effective inhibitors of post-Amadori AGE formation, and such identified inhibitor compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is the discovery that an allosteric receptor site exists on the intracellular surface of Shaker class voltage-gated potassium ion channels that is distinct from the pore and is involved in regulating gating of the pore. A class of compounds has been identified that binds to this allosteric site and modulates the length of time the channel remains open. Based on these discoveries, novel methods of modulating the activity of Shaker class voltage-gated potassium ion channels and assays for determining which compounds are modulators of these ion channels are reported herein.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of the topical treatment of equine laminitis are disclosed. In particular, combinations of a fast acting nitric oxide (NO) donor, a sustained acting NO donor and an NSAID mixed in a lipid-based carrier are described. The application of such combinations to the affected areas, e.g., the hoofs and surrounding tissues, of an equine afflicted with laminitis provides relief from the debilitating effects of this painful, often life-threatening condition.

Abstract: A method for reducing oxalate levels in a patient that includes administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of non-absorbable amine polymers such as a polymer characterized by a repeat unit having the formula: and salts and copolymers thereof, where n is a positive integer and x is zero or an integer between 1 and about 4.

Abstract: Paraquat has been found to accept electrons from nitric oxide synthase (NOS) whereupon the reduced paraquat generates toxic O2− and prevents NOS from giving electrons to arginine and thereby inhibits NO production. This is generalized for compounds with a redox potential greater than nitric oxide synthase. The compounds inhibit nitric oxide synthase and kill cells including NOS by generating O2− and also by depriving the cells of the NO which they need. Applications include treating paraquat-induced injury and pathologically proliferating cells (tumors, restenosis benign prostatic hypertrophy, pulmonary hypertension, infective pathogens).

Abstract: Compositions and methods of the topical treatment of equine laminitis are disclosed. In particular, combinations of a fast acting nitric oxide (NO) donor, a sustained acting NO donor and an NSAID mixed in a lipid-based carrier are described. The application of such combinations to the affected areas, e.g., the hoofs and surrounding tissues, of an equine afflicted with laminitis provides relief from the debilitating effects of this painful, often life-threatening condition.

Abstract: N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)nicotinamide nitrate or its salt prevents or ameliorates anxiety neurosis or panic disorder, or the following anxiety. This compound or its salt has few side effects and exhibits immediate action.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for sensitizing hypoxic cells in a tumor to radiation, wherein nitric oxide is delivered to target hypoxic cells through the administration of a nitric oxide-containing compound that spontaneously releases nitric oxide under physiological conditions without requiring the presence of oxygen. Also provided are methods of protecting noncancerous cells or tissues in a mammal from radiation, sensitizing cancerous cells in a mammal to chemotherapeutic agents, and protecting noncancerous cells or tissues in a mammal from chemotherapeutic agents, all by administration of the same compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for sensitizing hypoxic cells in a tumor to radiation, wherein nitric oxide is delivered to target hypoxic cells through the administration of a nitric oxide-containing compound that spontaneously releases nitric oxide under physiological conditions without requiring the presence of oxygen. Also provided are methods of protecting noncancerous cells or tissues in a mammal from radiation, sensitizing cancerous cells in a mammal to chemotherapeutic agents, and protecting noncancerous cells or tissues in a mammal from chemotherapeutic agents, all by administration of the same compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for sensitizing hypoxic cells in a tumor to radiation, wherein nitric oxide is delivered to target hypoxic cells through the administration of a nitric oxide-containing compound that spontaneously releases nitric oxide under physiological conditions without requiring the presence of oxygen. Also provided are methods of protecting noncancerous cells or tissues in a mammal from radiation, sensitizing cancerous cells in a mammal to chemotherapeutic agents, and protecting noncancerous cells or tissues in a mammal from chemotherapeutic agents, all by administration of the same compounds.

Abstract: A method for the treatment of mammalian tissue injured or at risk of injury during sepsis or shock including the administration to a mammal a diazeniumdiolate which releases a therapeutically effective amount of nitric oxide sufficient to protect the tissue from sepsis- or shock-induced injury.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for sensitizing hypoxic cells in a tumor to radiation, wherein nitric oxide is delivered to target hypoxic cells through the administration of a nitric oxide-containing compound that spontaneously releases nitric oxide under physiological conditions without requiring the presence of oxygen. Also provided are methods of protecting noncancerous cells or tissues in a mammal from radiation, sensitizing cancerous cells in a mammal to chemotherapeutic agents, and protecting noncancerous cells or tissues in a mammal from chemotherapeutic agents, all by administration of the same compounds.

Abstract: A butenoic or propenoic acid derivative having the following formula in which G is an aryl or a heterocyclic ring, R11 and R12 are hydroben or an alkyl, X is sulfur or oxygen, R2 and R3 are hydrogen, an substituent such as an alkyl and J is pyridyl or phenyl having substituents and a heterocyclic ring may be formed between R2, R3 and J is provided here and is useful in the pharmacological field.

Abstract: Methods for treatment of free-radical-mediated tissue injury, particularly sepsis, are provided wherein compositions containing at least one keto analog of a branched-chain amino acid are administered. The composition is administered orally or parenterally, preferably in frequent or continuous dosages. Preferred forms of the keto analogs are their ornithine, arginine, or sodium salts.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein each of o and p, independently of the other, is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, the radicals R.sub.1 being the same or different when o is greater than 1 and the radicals R.sub.2 being the same or different when p is greater than 1;each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, independently of the other, is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, halo-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, halogen, --NO.sub.2, --OH, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, halo-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylthio, halo-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylthio, --O--S(.dbd.O)--R.sub.6, --O--S(.dbd.O).sub.2 --R.sub.6, phenoxy or --N(R.sub.11)SO.sub.2 R.sub.12 and/or two substituents R.sub.1 and/or two substituents R.sub.2 are, independently of one another, together --Y--Z--Y--;R.sub.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or halo-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl;R.sub.4 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, halo-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, unsubstituted phenyl or naphthyl or mono- or di-substituted phenyl or naphthyl;R.sub.5 is --S--R.sub.7, --S(.dbd.O)--R.sub.7, --S(.dbd.O).

Abstract: This invention concerns anti-hypertensive compositions and a method of lowering blood pressure in mammals. The active component of the compositions is a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently chosen from straight chain and branched chain C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl groups and benzyl, with the proviso that no branch occur on the alpha carbon atom of the alkyl groups; or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together with the nitrogen atom they are bonded to form a pyrrolidino, piperidino, piperazino or morpholino group, M.sup.+ is a pharmaceutically acceptable cation, wherein X is the valence of the cation.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula: ##STR1## and physiologically acceptable salts, and hydrates, N-oxides and bioprecursors of such compounds and such salts in whichR.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which may be the same or different, represent hydrogen or lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or lower alkenyl groups, or lower alkyl groups interrupted by an oxygen atom or a group ##STR2## in which R.sub.4 represents hydrogen or lower alkyl; or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a heterocyclic ring which may contain the hetero functions --O-- and ##STR3## R.sub.3 represents hydrogen, lower alkyl, alkenyl or alkoxyalkyl; X represents --O--, --S-- or --CH.sub.2 -- or ##STR4## where R.sub.5 is hydrogen or lower alkyl; Y represents .dbd.S, .dbd.O, .dbd.NR.sub.6 or .dbd.CHR.sub.7 ;in which R.sub.6 represents hydrogen, nitro, cyano, lower alkyl, aryl, arylsulphonyl or lower alkylsulphonyl; R.sub.

Abstract: A method of treating cardiovascular disorders in a mammal, by administering to said mammal an effective amount of a compound of the formula:[R--N(H)N(NO)O--].sub.y Xwherein R is loweralkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, or cycloalkyl, any of which R groups may be optionally substituted by one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of: halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, amino, amido, formyl, carboxyl, or nitro; and wherein X is a pharmaceutically acceptable cation, a pharmaceutically acceptable metal center, or a pharmaceutically acceptable organic group selected from loweralkyl, acyl or amido, and Y is 1 to 3 consistent with the valence of X. Pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds are also provided.

Abstract: Cystamine derivatives of the formula: ##STR1## [wherein n represents 2 or 3, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represents a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl group optionally substituted by a hydroxy, amino, alkylamino or dialkylamino group, or represents a cycloalkyl or aryl group, and X.sup.1 represents a group selected from the formulae .dbd.N--CN, .dbd.N--NO.sub.2, .dbd.N--COR.sup.3, .dbd.N--COOR.sup.3, .dbd.N--NH--CONH.sub.2, .dbd.N--SO.sub.2 R.sup.3, .dbd.CH--NO.sub.2, .dbd.CH--SO.sub.2 R.sup.3, .dbd.C(CN).sub.2, .dbd.C(CN)COOR.sup.3 and .dbd.C(CN)CONH.sub.2 (wherein R.sup.3 represents an alkyl or aryl group), or R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, R.sup.2 represents an alkyl group optionally substituted by a hydroxy, amino, alkylamino or dialkylamino group, or represents a cycloalkyl or aryl group and X.sup.1 represents an oxygen or sulphur atom] have been found to be useful in the promotion of the growth of non-human animals including birds.